2025PETS二級(jí)試卷：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)英語(yǔ)閱讀理解考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（每題2分，共20分）1.TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotherobjectsembeddedwithsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivitythatenablestheseobjectstocollectandexchangedata.A.TrueB.False2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanexampleofanIoTdevice?A.SmartwatchB.RefrigeratorC.ComputerD.Thermostat3.Theterm"IoT"wasfirstusedinaresearchpaperbyKevinAshtonin1999.A.TrueB.False4.TheIoTisexpectedtogrowsignificantlyinthenextfewyears,withanestimated30billiondevicesconnectedtotheinternetby2025.A.TrueB.False5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTaprimaryconcernwhenitcomestoIoTsecurity?A.DatabreachesB.DDoSattacksC.SoftwarevulnerabilitiesD.Physicaltheftofdevices6.TheIoTisenablingthecreationofnewbusinessmodelsandrevenuestreamsforcompanies.A.TrueB.False7.TheIoTisexpectedtohaveasignificantimpactonthehealthcareindustry,withthepotentialtoimprovepatientcareandreducecosts.A.TrueB.False8.TheIoTisbeingusedtomonitorandmanageenergyconsumptioninbuildings,whichcanleadtosignificantcostsavings.A.TrueB.False9.OneofthechallengesoftheIoTisthelackofstandardizedprotocolsandinteroperabilitybetweendifferentdevicesandplatforms.A.TrueB.False10.WhichofthefollowingisNOTacommonapplicationoftheIoTinsmartcities?A.TrafficmanagementB.WastemanagementC.EnergymanagementD.Education二、完形填空（每題2分，共20分）TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasthepotentialtorevolutionizethewayweliveandwork.Itisanetworkofdevices,vehicles,buildings,andotherobjectsthatareconnectedtotheinternetandcancommunicatewitheachother.TheIoTismadepossiblebytheuseofsensors,software,andnetworkconnectivity.OneofthekeybenefitsoftheIoTistheabilitytocollectandanalyzedatainreal-time.Thisdatacanbeusedtomakeinformeddecisionsandimproveefficiency.Forexample,inthehealthcareindustry,IoTdevicescanbeusedtomonitorpatients'vitalsignsandsendalertstohealthcareprovidersifthereareanyissues.However,theIoTalsoraisessomeimportantsecurityconcerns.Withsomanydevicesconnectedtotheinternet,thereisagreaterriskofdatabreachesandcyberattacks.Toaddresstheseconcerns,itisimportanttoimplementstrongsecuritymeasures,suchasencryptionandauthentication.AnotherchallengeoftheIoTistheneedforstandardizedprotocolsandinteroperability.Differentdevicesandplatformsmayusedifferentprotocols,whichcanmakeitdifficulttoconnectandcommunicatewitheachother.Toovercomethischallenge,industryorganizationsareworkingtodevelopstandardsthatwillensurecompatibilitybetweendifferentdevices.TheIoTisexpectedtohaveasignificantimpactontheeconomy,creatingnewjobsandbusinessopportunities.Itisalsoexpectedtoimprovethequalityoflifeformanypeople,byenablingnewservicesandproductsthatwerenotpossiblebefore.Despitethechallenges,thepotentialbenefitsoftheIoTaresignificant.Byconnectingdevicesandenablingthemtocommunicatewitheachother,wecancreateamoreefficientandconnectedworld.1.TheIoTisanetworkofdevices,vehicles,buildings,andotherobjectsthatare__________totheinternetandcancommunicatewitheachother.A.connectedB.attachedC.linkedD.plugged2.OneofthekeybenefitsoftheIoTistheabilityto__________andanalyzedatainreal-time.A.collectB.gatherC.storeD.process3.TheIoTalsoraisessomeimportant__________concerns,suchasdatabreachesandcyberattacks.A.securityB.privacyC.technicalD.environmental4.Toaddresstheseconcerns,itisimportanttoimplement__________measures,suchasencryptionandauthentication.A.securityB.privacyC.technicalD.environmental5.Differentdevicesandplatformsmayusedifferent__________,whichcanmakeitdifficulttoconnectandcommunicatewitheachother.A.protocolsB.interfacesC.standardsD.platforms6.Industryorganizationsareworkingtodevelop__________thatwillensurecompatibilitybetweendifferentdevices.A.protocolsB.interfacesC.standardsD.platforms7.TheIoTisexpectedtohaveasignificantimpactontheeconomy,creating__________jobsandbusinessopportunities.A.newB.existingC.temporaryD.permanent8.Byconnectingdevicesandenablingthemtocommunicatewitheachother,wecancreatea__________andconnectedworld.A.efficientB.effectiveC.intelligentD.innovative四、閱讀理解（每題3分，共30分）Readthefollowingpassageandanswerthequestionsthatfollow.TheInternetofThings(IoT)hasbecomeacrucialpartofourdailylives,withitsapplicationsrangingfromsmarthomestoindustrialautomation.OneofthekeycomponentsoftheIoTisthenetworkthatconnectsthesedevices.Thisnetworkistypicallybuiltusingacombinationofwiredandwirelesstechnologies.1.WhatisthemainpurposeofthenetworkintheIoT?A.ToprovidepowertothedevicesB.ToconnectthedevicesandenabledataexchangeC.TostoredatacollectedbythedevicesD.Tocontrolthedevicesremotely2.WhichofthefollowingisacommonwirelesstechnologyusedinIoTnetworks?A.EthernetB.Wi-FiC.BluetoothD.USB3.WhyisitimportanttohaveareliablenetworkintheIoT?A.ToensurethatalldevicescancommunicatewitheachotherB.TominimizetheriskofdatalossC.TopreventunauthorizedaccesstothenetworkD.Alloftheabove4.WhataresomeofthechallengesfacedbyIoTnetworks?A.InterferencefromotherwirelessdevicesB.LimitedbandwidthC.SecurityvulnerabilitiesD.Alloftheabove5.HowcanIoTnetworksbemademoresecure?A.ByusingstrongencryptionalgorithmsB.ByimplementingregularsecurityupdatesC.ByusingsecureauthenticationmethodsD.Alloftheabove6.WhatistheroleofagatewayinanIoTnetwork?A.ToconnectdevicestotheinternetB.TomanagethedataflowbetweendevicesC.ToprovidepowertothedevicesD.Tostoredatacollectedbythedevices7.HowdoestheIoTcontributetoenergyefficiencyinbuildings?A.ByautomatinglightingandheatingsystemsB.Bymonitoringenergyconsumptioninreal-timeC.ByprovidingdetailedenergyusagereportsD.Alloftheabove8.WhatisthedifferencebetweenasensorandanactuatorinthecontextoftheIoT?A.Asensordetectsenvironmentalchanges,whileanactuatormakeschangestotheenvironmentB.Asensormakeschangestotheenvironment,whileanactuatordetectsenvironmentalchangesC.BothsensorsandactuatorsdetectenvironmentalchangesD.Bothsensorsandactuatorsmakechangestotheenvironment9.HowcanIoTdevicesbeusedtoimprovetransportationsystems?A.ByoptimizingtrafficflowB.BymonitoringvehiclemaintenanceC.Byprovidingreal-timetrafficupdatesD.Alloftheabove10.WhatisthepotentialimpactoftheIoTonthehealthcareindustry?A.ImprovedpatientcareB.ReducedhealthcarecostsC.EnhanceddatamanagementD.Alloftheabove五、填空題（每題2分，共20分）1.TheInternetofThings(IoT)isanetworkofphysicaldevices,vehicles,buildings,andotherobjectsembeddedwith__________,software,andnetworkconnectivity.2.__________isacommonwirelesstechnologyusedinIoTnetworksthatallowsdevicestoconnecttotheinternetwithouttheneedforphysicalcables.3.InanIoTnetwork,a__________isadevicethatdetectsandrespondstochangesinitsenvironment.4.The__________layeroftheIoTnetworkstackisresponsibleformanagingthecommunicationbetweendevices.5.__________isatechniqueusedtoprotectdatafromunauthorizedaccessandensureitsintegrity.6.The__________layeroftheIoTnetworkstackisresponsibleforhandlingthedatatransmissionbetweendevices.7.__________devicesareusedtocontrolphysicaldevicesorsystemsbasedontheinputreceivedfromsensors.8.__________isaprotocolusedforsecurecommunicationovertheinternet.9.__________isatechniqueusedtopreventunauthorizedaccesstoanetworkbyblockingsuspicioustraffic.10.__________isatechnologythatallowsdevicestocommunicatewitheachotheroverawirelessnetwork.六、簡(jiǎn)答題（每題5分，共30分）1.BrieflyexplaintheconceptoftheInternetofThings(IoT)anditssignificanceintoday'sworld.2.DiscusstheroleofsensorsinanIoTnetworkandprovideexamplesoftheirapplications.3.ExplaintheimportanceofnetworksecurityintheIoTanddescribesomecommonsecuritymeasuresthatcanbeimplemented.4.DescribethedifferencebetweenasensorandanactuatorinthecontextoftheIoTandgiveanexampleofeach.5.DiscussthepotentialimpactoftheIoTonvariousindustries,suchashealthcare,transportation,andenergymanagement.本次試卷答案如下：一、選擇題1.A.True解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT）確實(shí)是一個(gè)由物理設(shè)備、車(chē)輛、建筑和其他對(duì)象組成的網(wǎng)絡(luò)，這些對(duì)象都嵌入了傳感器、軟件和網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接性，使得這些對(duì)象能夠收集和交換數(shù)據(jù)。2.C.Computer解析：計(jì)算機(jī)不是物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備的典型例子，因?yàn)槲锫?lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備通常是指那些具有網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接性和傳感器的小型設(shè)備，如智能手表、冰箱和恒溫器。3.A.True解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)（IoT）一詞確實(shí)是在1999年由KevinAshton在其研究論文中首次使用的。4.A.True解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)預(yù)計(jì)將在未來(lái)幾年內(nèi)顯著增長(zhǎng)，預(yù)計(jì)到2025年將有30億個(gè)設(shè)備連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。5.D.Physicaltheftofdevices解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)安全的主要擔(dān)憂(yōu)包括數(shù)據(jù)泄露、DDoS攻擊和軟件漏洞，而設(shè)備物理被盜不是主要的網(wǎng)絡(luò)安全擔(dān)憂(yōu)。6.A.True解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在使公司能夠創(chuàng)建新的商業(yè)模式和收入流。7.A.True解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)預(yù)計(jì)將對(duì)醫(yī)療保健行業(yè)產(chǎn)生重大影響，有可能改善患者護(hù)理并降低成本。8.A.True解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)正在被用于監(jiān)測(cè)和管理建筑物的能源消耗，這可能導(dǎo)致顯著的成本節(jié)約。9.A.True解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)面臨的一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是缺乏標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化的協(xié)議和互操作性，不同設(shè)備和平臺(tái)可能使用不同的協(xié)議。10.D.Education解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)在智能城市中的常見(jiàn)應(yīng)用包括交通管理、廢物管理和能源管理，教育不是其典型應(yīng)用。二、完形填空1.A.connected解析：物聯(lián)網(wǎng)設(shè)備通過(guò)連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)來(lái)實(shí)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)