北京航空航天大學考博英語模擬試卷11

一、詞匯（本題共30題，每題7.0分，共30分。）

1、Thechancesofarepetitionofthoseunfortunateeventsareindeed.

A^distant

BNslim

C、unlikely

D^narrow

標準答案：B

知識點解析：句子主語為chances,當表示“機會（或可能性）很小”時，作表語的形容

詞只能是slim。其余幾項均不符合。

2、Havingweighedupallthefactorsthedepartmentfinallyagreedtoreceiveallthe

tothecommittee.

A、rejection

B、hypotheses

C、nominations

D、resistance

標準答案：C

知識點解析：句意：權衡了所有因素后，部門最終同意接受了委員會的所有任命。

nomination提名,任命。rejection拒絕。hypotheses假說,假設。resistance反抗，

抵抗。

3、Moreprobablyhehadtappedafreshsourceofenergyinhimself-thepowerof

love——whichmadehimfeel.

A^invaluable

B、invincible

C、invariable

D^invisible

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

4、Hewasbusywritingtheessayallthemorning,onlyoccasionallytohavea

cupoftea.

A、breakingoff

B、breakingout

C^breaking

D、breakingaway

標準答案：A

知識點解析:breakingoff中斷；breakingout爆發(fā)；breaking打破,弄壞;breaking

away逃脫。

5、HeplannedtogotoFrancetohisartofpainting.

A、cutout

B、comeby

C、brushup

D^makeup

標準答案：C

知識點解析：（brushup重新學習，提高）。句意為：他打算到法國去進修繪畫藝

術。A.cutout剪去，刪掉：B.comeby得到，獲得：D.makeup構成，虛構，

彌補。

6、Hisdesiretootherpeoplehascausedtroub'einhisfamily.

A、please

B>dominate

C、force

D、urge

標準答案：B

知識點解析：please取悅。dominate支配。force強迫。urge催促。

7、Accordingtothenewtaxlaw,anymoneyearnedoverthatlevelistaxedat

theof59percent.

A、ratio

B、percentage

C>proportion

D、rate

標準答案：D

知識點解析：四個選項的意思分別是：ratio“比，比率”；percentage”百分數，百分

率”;proportion"比例,均衡“；rate"比率，速度，等級attherateofW……的比

率。根據題意，應該選擇D。

8、Hydrogeologyisthestudyofwateranditsproperties,includingitsand

movementinandthroughlandareas.

A、flow

absorption

C、distribution

D、evaporation

標準答案：C

知識點解析：flow流動。absorption吸收。distribution分布。evaporation蒸發(fā)。

9、EGG:CHICKEN

A、pearl:oyster

roe:salmon

C、fur:tiger

D、bark:tree

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

10、Thechieffunctionsofdirect-mailadvertisingaretofamiliarizeprospectivebuyers

withaproduct,itsname,itsmaker,anditsmeritsandwiththeproduct'slocal

distributois.

A^potential

B、responsive

C>inquisitive

D^perceptive

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

11、Somejournalistsoftenoverstatethesituationsothattheirnewsmaycreateagreat

A、explosion

B、sensation

C、exaggeration

D、stimulation

標準答案：B

知識點解析：B項sensation意為“轟動"，符合題意3A項explosion意為“爆炸”；C

項exaggeration意為“夸大”；D項stimulation意為“刺激，鼓鐮”。

12、Themanwenttoprison,butthetwoboyswithawarning.

A、tookoff

B、gotoff

C、keptoff

D、setoff

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

】3、Somecrossingpointswillbeestablished,enablingvehiclestogetacrosstheroute

whenthereisnotracetrafficinthe.

vicinity

BNverge

C、proximity

D^velocity

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

14、Atthebackofthetheatrewasthebarwithahalf-glasstoseparatethe

drinkersandpromenadersfromtheseatedaudience.

A^prevention

B、partition

C、parameter

D、pedestrian

標準答案：B

知識點解析：暫無解析

15、Behindhislargesmilesandlargecigars,hiseyesoftenseemedioregrei.

A、teemwith

B、brimwith

C>comewith

D、lookwith

標準答案：B

知識點解析:brim意為"充滿……”、”……滿得快要溢出”,此處符合題意。teem

wilh也是“充滿”，但一般與數量有關，不與由抽象名詞連用。comewith”以...出

現“；lookwith”以...方式去看

16、Helenwassopersistentthatherhusbandatlast.

A、conceded

B、converged

C、conceived

D、conferred

標準答案：A

知識點解析：暫無解析

17、StephenSchneider,aclimatologistatStanford,notesthatunlikegreenhousegases,

whichrapidlyaroundtheglobe,thesulfatedropletstendtoconcentrateover

industrializedregions.

A^unify

B>fragment

C、disperse

D、shatter

標準答案：C

知識點解析：disperse分散，疏散。unify統(tǒng)一。fragment碎片。shatter碎片。

18、Itwasverykindofyoutogetmesomethingformybirthday,butyouire

suchanexpensivepresem.

A、didn'tneedbuying

needn'tbuy

C>needn'thavebought

D、hadiVtneededtobuy

標準答案：C

知識點解析：暫無解析

19、Thefactthatitwillneverbepossibletoconversewithsomeoneonanotherplanet

showsthat.

A、certainuniversallawscannotbeprevailedagainst

B、noobjectcanevertravelfasterthanlight

C>westernculturehasaspecialideaofcommunication

D^radiomessagesdonottravelfastenough

標準答案：D」

知識點解析：他說他是賣保險的，但后來她發(fā)現他是個騙子。fraud騙子；alien外

僑，外國人；counterpart（職位、性格等方面）相對應的人；client委托人，顧客。

20Thereisacontroversyevenamongdoctorsastowhetherthisdiseaseiscontagious

ornot.

A、incisive

B、infertile

CNallergic

D、communicable

標準答案：D

知識點解析：incisive意為“敏銳的，機敏的“；infertile意為“貧瘠的"；allergic意為

“過敏的"；communicable意為“有傳染性的"。根據disease一詞可以判定，正確答

案為D,即communicable與contagious同義。

21、Wehaveatpresentnotanyofthefurnitureasyourequired.

A、mark

inventory

C、stock

D、account

標準答案：C

知識點解析：A.商標；B.存貨清單；C.現貨；D.賬目。

22、thiscomingThursdag.itwillbetoolatetoenrollforthecourse.

A^Asof

B、Asfor

C、Asto

D、Ason

標準答案；A

知識點解析：Asof在時，到時為止，從時起。Asfor至于，就

方面說來。Ast。談到，關于，根據。譯文：到即將到來的這個星期四，就太晚而

不能進行課程登記了。

23、thiscomingThursday,itwillbetoolatetoenrollforthecourse.

A、Asof

Asfor

C^Asto

D、Ason

標準答案：A

知識點解析：句意是：到即將到來的這個星期四，就太晚而不能進行課程登記了。

Aso廣在...時，到……時為止，從...時起"；Asfbr"至于，就....方面說來”；

Asto"談到,關于，根據”。

24、Whatwillcontinuetobeitistoday-nextinimportancetooxygen?

A、how

B、which

C、what

D、as

標準答案：C

知識點解析：關系代詞what在這里引導一個名詞性從句做tobe的表語，同時

what在表語從句中又為is的表語成分。其他選項均不能表示這種語法關系。

25,Theymadedetailedinvestigationstothemselveswiththeneedsoftherural

market.

A、adhere

B、acknowledge

C、acquaint

D、activate

標準答案：C

知識點解析：acquaintsb./oneselfwith熟悉或了解某事物；adhere粘附，附著；

acknowledge承認,告知收到；activate使活躍。

26Itmetoseehiminsuchabadhealth.Hewassuchanenergeticandstrong

youngmanonlyseveralmonthsago.

A、depressed

B、upset

C^harmed

D、grieved

標準答案：D

知識點解析：depressed使沮喪，使消沉；upset使心煩意亂；harmed損害，危害;

grieved使悲傷；使苦惱。

27、Agoodsenseofrhythmisoneofhisnaturalasapoet.

A、endowments

B、interest

C、weaknesses

D、accomplishments

標準答案：A

知識點解析:endowment天資，捐贈;捐款；interest興趣，利益，利息；weakness

虛弱，軟弱，弱點；accomplishment成就，完成，技藝。

28、Unfortunately,thewoman'shatmyviewofthestage.

A、blockedup

B、obstructed

C^prevented

D、interfered

標準答案：B

知識點解析:obstruct阻礙,阻擋；block妨礙,阻塞，及物動詞；prevent阻止，

妨礙；interfere干涉，干預，不及物動詞，常與in/with連用。

29、Petrazzini'smainconcernisnotsomuchculturalhomogenizalionassociatedwith

（hespreadoftheInternet,butanexacerbationofthegapbetweenyoungandoldand

betweenspreadoftheInternet

A、uniformity

discrepancy

C^convention

D、distinction.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：A.unifonnity—?致，均勻，無差異；B.discrepancy不相符之處，矛

盾；C.convention習俗，慣例；D.distinction顯赫，差別。

30、Nothinghaseverequaledtheandspeedwithwhichthehumanspeciesis

alteringthephysicalandchemicalworld.

A^concern

B、magnitude

C、volume

D、carelessness

標準答案：B

知識點解析：本題屬于詞義辨析題。A項表示“關心，憂慮”，B項表示“（量，范圍

的）大小”，C項表示“體積，容量”，D項表示“粗心”。從句子的意思看，應該是“沒

有什么能比得上人類改變物理和化學世界的范圍和速度”，所以只有B是正確答

案。

二、閱讀理解（本題共722題，每題1.0分，共122

分。）

Genetherapyandgene-baseddrugsaretwowayswecouldbenefitfromourgrowing

masteryofgeneticscience.Buttherewillbeothersaswell.Hereisoneoftheremarkable

therapiesonthecuttingedgeofgeneticresearchthatcouldmaketheirwayinto

mainstreammedicineinthecomingyears.Whileit'struethatjustabouteverycellinthe

bodyhastheinstructionstomakeacompletehuman,mostofthoseinstructionsare

inactivated,andwithgoodreason:thelastthingyouwantforyourbraincellsistostart

churningoutstomachacidoryournosetoturnintoakidney.Theonlytimecellstruly

havethepotentialtoturnintoanyandallbodypartsisveryearlyinapregnancy,when

so-calledstemcellshaven'tbeguntospecialize.Yetthisuntappedpotentialcouldbea

terrificboontomedicine.Mostdiseasesinvolvethedeathofhealthycells—braincells

inAlzheimer's,cardiaccellsinheartdisease,pancreaticcellsindiabetes,tonamealewit

doctorscouldisolatestemcells,thendirecttheirgrowth,theymightbeabletofurnish

patientswithhealthyreplacementtissue.Itwasincrediblydifficult,butlastfallscientists

attheUniversityofWisconsinmanagedtoisolatestemcellsandgetthemtogrowinto

neural,gut,muscleandbonecells.Theprocessstillcan'tbecontrolled,andmayhave

unforeseenlimitations;butifeffortstounderstandandmasterstcm-cclldevelopment

provesuccessful,doctorswillhaveatherapeutictoolofincrediblepower.Thesame

appliestocloning,whichisreallyjusttheothersideofthecoin;truecloning,asfirst

shownwiththesheepDo'lytwoyearsago,involvestakingadevelopedcelland

reactivatingthegenomewithin,resettingitsdevelopmentalinstructionstoapristinestate.

Oncethathappens,therejuvenatedcellcandevelopintoafull-fledgedanimal,

geneticallyidenticaltoitsparentForagriculture,inwhichpurelyphysicalcharacteristics

likemilkproductioninacoworlowfatinahoghaverealmarketvalue,biological

carboncopiescouldbecomeroutinewithinafewyears.Thispastyearscientistshave

donefbrmiceandcowsv/hatIanWilmutdidforDolly,andothercreaturesareboundto

jointheclonedmenagerieinthecomingyear.Humancloning,ontheotherhand,maybe

technicallyfeasiblebutlegallyandemotionallymoredifficultStill,onedayitwill

happen.Theabilitytoresetbodycellstoapristine,undevelopedstatecouldgivedoctors

exactlythesameadvantagestheywouldgetfromstemcells:thepotentialtomake

healthybodytissuesofallsorts,andthustocuredisease.Thatcouldprovetobeatrue

"miraclecure".

31、Thewriterholdsthatthepotentialtomakehealthybodytissueswill

標準答案：B

知識點解析：題干問：“作者認為制造健康的身體組織的這種潛能將會……文章

開宗明義，在第1自然段講述到，如果我們掌握了基因的科學，將會對人類有極大

的好處，此外，第3自然段的第一句“然而這種沒被開發(fā)的潛能對醫(yī)學有極大的好

處“，以及全文的最后一句都呼應了這一觀點，因此B“給人類帶來極大的好處，為

正確選項。而選項A”加重了人類克隆的道德問題”.選項C“幫助科學家們解碼身

體指令''和選項D”涉及到使用外科儀器”都是與題干不相關的。

32、Theword"rejuvenated',(Para.5)mostprobablymeans

標準答案：D

知識點解析：題干問：“丁ejuvenated，這個詞大概的意思是……此題考察的是對

詞匯意義的推測能力。出處在第5自然段，“rejuvenated”和本段前一句的

“reactivating”構成一種近義的重復，因此選項D“rcactivatcd”為正確選項。而選項

A“改變”，選項B“重新收集”和選項C“分類”都無法符合上下文的語境含義。

33TheresearchattheUniversityofWisconsinismentionedtoshow

標準答案：A

知識點解析：題干問：“本文提到威斯康星州大學的研究是為了闡述……”。此題為

段間歸納題。第4自然段在提到這所大學的研究時，作者表明研究是困難的，盡管

過程不能控制，也有一些局限，但他們仍然還是在進行研究。此外第3、4段的話

題為干細胞的一種分離或分裂過程。因此A“干細胞的分離”為正確選項。而選項

B”基因療法的影響”，選項c“人類克隆的好處”和選項D“組織質換的局限性”都不是

這所大學研究所講述的目的。

34、Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：題干問：“根據本文，下面哪項陳述是正確的?”我們可以直接從2、

3、4以及5、6、7這兩個文章的層面說明，其實基因治療的原理和克隆的原理兩

者完全是可以通用的，具體的解題點在于文章的第5自然段“thesame叩pliesto

cloning-,因此A“基因治療的原理適用于克隆”為正確選項。選項B”干細胞的分離

太難而不可能實施"，這和文章的第4自然段相矛盾，文章說它的確可以實施，盡

管無法控制。選項C”所有的身體指令都激活，這是相當有道理的“，顯然這是對原

文第2自然段含義的曲解，作者說不能把所有的身體干細胞都激活，而且這是很有

道理的。選項D“克隆動物將最終控制世界”，盡管原文講到有大量克隆動物存在，

但并沒有提到這樣的觀點。

Thebiggestsafetythreatfacingairlinestodaymaynotbeaterroristwithagun,butthe

manwiththeportablecomputerinbusinessclass.Inthelast15years,pilotshave

reportedwellover100incidentsthatcouldhavebeencausedbyelectromagnetic

interference.Thesourceofthisinterferenceremainsunconfirmed,butincreasingly,

expertsarepointingtheblameatportableelectronicdevicessuchasportablecomputers,

radioandcassetteplayersandmobiletelephones.RTCA,anorganizationwhichadvises

theaviation（航空）industry,hasrecommendedthatallairlinesban（禁止）suchdevices

frombeingusedduring"critical"stagesoflight,particularlytake-offandlanding.Some

expertshavegonefurther,callingfbratotalbahduringallflights.Currently,ruleson

usingthesedevicesareleftuptoindividualairlines.Andalthoughsomeairlinesprohibit

passengersfromusingsuche-quipmentduringtake-offandlanding,mostarereluctantto

enforceatotalban,giventhatmanypassengerswanttoWorkduringflights.The

difficultyispredictinghowelectromagneticfieldsmightaffectanaircraft'scomputers.

Expertsknowthatportabledevicesemitradiationwhichaffectsthosewavelengthswhich

aircraftusefbrnavigationandcommunication.But,becausetheyhavenotbeenableto

reproducetheseeffectsinalaboratory,theyhavenowayofknowingwhetherthe

interferencemightbedangerousornotThefactthataircraftmaybevulnerable（易受損

的）tointerferenceraisestheriskthatterroristsmayuseradiosysteminordertodamage

navigationequipmentAsworrying,though,isthepassengerwhocan'thearthe

instructionstoturnoffhisradiobecausethemusic'stooloud.

35、Thepassageismainlyabout.

標準答案：C

知識點解析：該文主要討論發(fā)生空難的原因。

36、Whatissaidabouttheover100aircraftincidentsinthepast15years?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：參見文章第一段第2至第3行。

37、Fewairlineswanttoimposeatotalbanontheirpassengersusingelectronicdevices

because.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：依據文章第一段第4行可推斷。

38、Whyisitdifficulttopredictthepossibleeffectsofelectromagneticfieldsonan

airplane'scomputers?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：依據是第三段第4行。

39、Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：文章全文并沒有直接說出A項。依據文章開頭，以及文章最后一段

開頭句可看出作者態(tài)度很明確。

Whenaninventionismade,theinventorhasthreepossiblecoursesofactionopentohim:

hecangivetheinventiontothewholeworldbypublishingit,keeptheideasecret,or

patentitAgrantedpatentistheresultofabargainstruckbetweenaninventorandthe

state,bywhichtheinventorgetsalimitedperiodofmonopolyandpublishesfulldetails

ofhisinventiontothepublicafterthatperiodterminates.Onlyinthemostexceptional

circumstancesisthelife-spanofapatentextendedtoalterthisnormalprocessofevents.

ThelongestextensionevergrantedwastoGeorgesValensi;his1939patentforcolorTV

receivercircuitrywasextendeduntil1971becauseformostofthepatent'snormallife

therewasnocolourTVtoreceiveandthusnohopeofrewardfortheinventionBecausea

patentremainspermanentlypublicafterithasterminated,theshelvesofthelibrary

attachedtothepatentofficecontaindetailsofliterallymillionsofideasthatarefreefor

anyonetouseand,ifolderthanhalfacentury,sometimesevenre-patentIndeed,patent

expertsoftenadviseanyotherinventor'srightistoplagiarizeadeadpatentlikewise,

becausepublicationofanideainanyotherformpermanentlyinvalidatesfurtherpatents

onthatidea,itistraditionallysafetotakeideasfromotherareasofprintMuchmodern

technologicaladvanceisbasedonthesepresumptionsoflegalsecurity.Anyoneclosely

involvedinpatentsandinventionssoonlearnsthatmost"new"ideasare,infact,asoldas

thehills.Itistheirreductiontocommercialpractice,ei:herthroughnecessityor

dedication,orthroughtheavailabilityofnewtechnology,thatmakesnewsandmoney.

Thebasicpatentforthetheoryofmagneticrecordingdatesbackto1886.Manyofthe

originalideasbehindtelevisionoriginatefromthelate19thandearly20thcentury.Even

theVolkswagenrearenginecarwasanticipatedbya1904patentforacartwiththehorse

attherear.

40、WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

標準答案：B

知識點解析：可從文中第二段的后半部分推知，即在專利期限截止以后，發(fā)明者就

要把他發(fā)明的全部細節(jié)公諸于眾。從文中第一段的內容可推知，發(fā)明者可以把發(fā)明

公諸于眾，保守秘密或是為其申請專利，因此A項不正確。根據文中的第五段第

一句話可知，人們可以從隸屬于專利局的圖書館里查到一項專利的全部細節(jié)是在其

專利期限結束以后，而不是對正在享受專利保護的發(fā)明可以查到全部細節(jié)，因此C

項不正確。

41、GeorgesValensi,spatentlasteduntil1971because.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：可從文中的“becauseformostofthepatent'snonnallifetherewasno

colorTVtoreceive”推知，即GeorgesValensi的專利之所以從1939年一直持續(xù)到

1971年是因為無彩電可收看。

42、Theword"plagiarize"(para.5)mostprobablymeans.

標準答案；C

知識點解析：plagiarize的意思是“剽竊，抄襲

43、Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：可從文中內容推知，即本文主要講述了怎樣利用已經有了的但不再受

專利權保護的思路來進行新的發(fā)明創(chuàng)造并且取得專利(或專利權)。

44、Fromthepassagewelearnthat.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：可從文中最后一段的第二句"Itistheiireductiontocommercial

practice,eitherthroughnecessityordedication,orthroughtheavailabilityofnew

technology,thatmakesnewsandmoney”推知，即科學發(fā)明只有轉換成商業(yè)實踐發(fā)

明者才能從其中受益（獲得錢財的回報）。

OnesillyquestionIsimplycannottolerateis"Howdoyoufeel?"Usuallythequestionis

askedofamaninaction-amanwalkingalongthestreet,orbusilyworkingathisdesk.

Sowhatdoyouexpecthimtosay?He'llprobablysay,"Fine,I'manright."Butyouhave

putahugahisear-maybenowheisnotsure.Ifyouarehisgoodfriend,youmayhave

seensomethingonhisface,orinhiswalk,thatheover-lookedthatmorning.Itmakes

himworryingalittle.Helooksinamirrortoseeifeverythingisallright,whileyougo

merrilyonyourwayaskingsomeoneelse,"Howdoyoufeel?"Everyquestionhasits

timeandplace.It'sperfectlyacceptable,forinstance,toask"Howdoyoufeel?"ifyou

arevisitingaclosefriendinthehospital.Butifthefellowiswalkingonbothlegs,

hurryingtotakeatrainorsittingathisdeskworking,it'snotimetoaskhimthatsilly

question.WhenGeorgeBernardShaw,thefamousBritishwriterofplayswasinhis

eighties,someoneaskedhim,"Howdoyoufeel?"Shawputhiminhisplace."Whenyou

reachmyage,"hesaid,neitheryoufeelallrightoryouaredead."

45、Accordingtothewriter,greetings,suchas"Howdoyoufeel?"

標準答案：D

知識點解析：結合全文的內容，可知正確答案為D項。

46、Thequestion"Howdoyoufeel?"seemstobecorrectandsuitablewhenaskedof

標準答案：A

知識點解析：從第二段第二句可知正確答案為A項。

47、GeorgeBernardShaw'sreplyinthispassageshov/shis.

標準答案：B

知識點解析：從最后一段可推測出蕭伯納的回答是聰明的。

48>"Youhaveputabuginhisear"meansthatyouhave.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：問候一個從事正?；顒拥娜恕埃篐owdoyoufeel?”可能暗示他現在還

未曾意識到的某些問題。

49、Thispassagecanbeentitled.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：整篇文章作者都是圍繞著“Howdoyoufeci?”這個sillyquestion而展開

的，最好的標題應是A項。

Thelastdecadehasseenatremendousexpansionofscientificknowledgeinhuman

genetics.Ourunderstandingofhumangenesandofthegeneticbasisofdiseasehas

growndramatically.Currently,morethan4,000diseasesareknowntobegeneticandare

passedoninfamilies.Moreover,itisnowknownthatalterationsinourgenesplayarole

insuchcommonconditionsasheartdisease,diabetes,andmanytypesofcancer.The

identificationofdisease-relatedgeneshasledtoanincreaseinthenumberofavailable

geneticteststhatdetectdiseaseoranindividual'sriskofdisease.Newtestsarebeing

developedtodetectcoloncancer,breastcancer,andotherconditions.Scientistsare

concernednotonlythatgenetestsofferedarereliable,butalsothatpatientsandhealth

careprofessionalsunderstandthelimitationsofsuchtesting.Thedisclosureoftestresults

couldinflictpsychologicalharmtoapatientifsafeandetfectiveinterventionsarenot

alsoavailable.Genetestinginvolvesexaminingaperson'sDNA-takenfromcellsina

sampleofbloodor,occasionally,fromotherbodyfluidsortissues-fbrsomeanomaly

thatflagsadiseaseordisorder.Inadditiontostudyinggenes,genetictestinginabroader

senseincludesbiochemicaltestsforthepresenceorabsenceofkeyproteinsthatsignal

aberrantgenes.Themostwidespreadtypeofgenetictestingisnewbornscreening.Each

yearintheUnitedStates,fourmillionnewborninfantshavebloodsamplestestedfor

abnormalormissinggeneproducts.Sometestslookforabnormalarrangementsofthe

chemicalbasesinthegeneitself,whileothertestsdetectinbornerrorsbyverifyingthe

absenceofaproteinthatthecellneedstofunctionnormally.Carriertestingcanbeused

tohelpcouplestolearniftheycarry—andthusriskpassingtotheirchildren.Genetic

tests-biochemicalandDNA-based-alsoarewidelyavailablefortheprenataldiagnosisof

conditionssuchasDownsyndrome.Muchofthecurrentexcitementingenetesting

centersonpredictivegenetesting:teststhatidentifypeoplewhoareatriskofgettinga

disease,beforeanysymptomsappear.Testsarealreadyavailableinresearchprograms

forsometwodozendiseases,andasmorediseasegenesarediscovered,moregenetests

canbeexpected.Testsforafewrarecancersarealreadyinclinicaluse.Predictivegene

testsformorecommontypesofcancerarestillprimarilyaresearchtool,difficultto

executeandavailableonlythroughresearchprogramstosmallnumbersofpeoplewho

haveastrongfamilyhistoryofdisease.Butthefieldofgenetestingisevolvingrapidly,

withnewgenesbeingdiscoveredalmostdailyandinnovationsintestingarrivingalmost

asquickly.

50、Scientistsarguethatthegenetictestingisnotperfectpartlybecause.

標準答案：C

知識點角1析：這是一道細節(jié)考察題。在文中第2段第3行中：一些科學家不僅擔心

所提供的基因測試是否可靠，而且擔心病人和衛(wèi)生保健專業(yè)人員是否意識到基因測

試的局限性。我們得知科學家有兩方面的擔心，因此可以理解為科學家認為測試并

不完美。一是擔心測試的可靠性，二是擔心測試結果有可能對病人造成不良影響。

因此根據原文信息我們選擇C為正確答案。

51、Theword"aberrant"inParagraph3mostprobablymeans.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：第3段簡要介紹了基因測試的原理。檢驗DNA的日的是尋找標志著

疾病或紊亂的反常現象。我們可以得知測試的途徑就是檢驗標志疾病或紊亂等不正

常的現象。后文提到的keyproteinsthatsignalaberrantgenes中，signal與前文中的

flags是并列結構，所以判斷aberramgenes指的是“存在缺陷的、不正常的基因”，

也就是選項A中unheakhy（不健康）的意思。

52、Howdocsthenewbornscreeningtestwork?

標準答案：C

知識點解析；文中第4段介紹了這一最為普遍的基因測試，舉了兩個例子。由第一

個例子和第2個例子可排除A、B選項。從文章第3段“takenfromcellsinasample

ofbloodor,occasionally,fromotherbodyfluidsortissues”得矢口血液是體液的一種，

因此由文章第4段“fourmiHionnewborninfantshavebloodsamplestested”可判斷C

是正確選項。

53、Itcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraphthat.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：最后一段的大意是：有的基因測試已用于臨床，而有的還在研究階

段。但是基因測試的前景是光明的。由最后一句話可推測出D“作者對于基因測試

的發(fā)展很樂觀”是正確答案。

54Thepassageisintendedto.

標準答案：A

知識點解析：這是一道主旨大意題。B只是文中提到基因測試時舉出的一點，并不

說明本義的中心大意一關于基因測試的一些問題，如測試原理、相關學科、測試

類型以及發(fā)展前景。C將事物的發(fā)展順序顛倒了。D說得過于籠統(tǒng)不夠具體，不如

A有針對性。因此答案是A“使讀者對基因測試有一個更好的理解”。

Now,morethanever,itdoesn'tmatterwhoyouarebutwhatyoulooklike.Janetwasjust

twenty-fiveyearsold.Shehadagreatjobandseemedhappy.Shecommittedsuicide.In

hersuicidenoteshewrotethatshefelt"un-pretty"andthatnomaneverlovedher.Amy

wasjustfifteenwhenhospitalizedfbreatingdisorders.Shesufferedfrombothanorexia

andbulimia.Shelostmorethanonehundredpoundsintwomonths.Bothvictimsbattled

problemswiththeirbodyimageandphysicalappearance."Oh,I'mtoofat.""Mybuttis

toobigandmybreaststoosmall.H"IhatemybodyandIfeelugly.""Iwanttobe

beautiful."Thenumberofmenandwomenwhofeelthesethingsaboutthemselvesis

increasingdramatically.Icanidentifytwomaincategoriesofbody-imageproblems:

additiveversussubtractive.Thesewhoenhancetheirappearancethroughcosmetic

surgeryfallintotheadditivegroup;thesewhohopetoimprovetheirlooksthrough

starvationbelongtothesubtractivecategory.Bothgroupshavetwofiringsincommon:

Theyareneversatisfiedandtheyarealwaysobsessed.Eatingdisordersafflictasmanyas

fivetotenmillionwomenandonemillionmenintheUnitedStates.Oneoutoffour

femalecollegestudentssuffersfromaneatingdisorder.Butwhy?CardKirby,a

UniversityofNebraskamentalhealthcounselor,saysthatbodyimageandeating

disordersarecontinuumaddictionsinwhichindividualsseektodiscovertheiridentities.

Theideathatweshouldlookacertainwayandpossessacertainshapeisin,linedinusat

averyearlyage.YounggirlsnotonlyplaywithBarbiedollsthatdisplayimpossible,

evencomical,proportions,buttheyarealsobombardedwithimagesofsupermodels.

Theseimagesleaveanindeliblementalimprintofwhatsocietybelievesafemalebody

shouldlooklike.Kirbyaddsthatthereisahaloeffecttobodyimageaswell:"We

immediatelyidentifyphysicalattractivenesstomeansuccessandhappiness."Themedia

canbeblamedforcontributingtovariousbody-imageillnesses.Wecannotwalkintoa

bookstorewithoutbeingexposedtoperfectmaleandfemalebodiesonthecoversof

magazines.Weseesuchimageseveryday------oncommercials,billboards,ontelevision,

andinmovies.Theseimagescontinuallyremindwomenandyounggirlsthatifyouwant

tobehappyyoumustbebeautiful,andifyouwanttobebeautifulyoumustbethin.This

idealmaybethemainobjectiveofthefashion,cosmetic,diet,fitness,andplasticsurgery

industrieswhostandtomakemillionsfrombody-imageanxiety,Butdocsitworkforus?

Arewomenwholoseweightinordertobetoothpickthinreallyhappy?Arewomenwho

havehadbreastimplantsreallyhappy?Whattrulydefinesaperson?Isithisorher

physicalappearanceorisitcharacter?Beautyissupposedtobe"skindeep."Butwecan

allbebeautifulinside.Peoplearekillingthemselvesforunrealisticphysicalstandards

dictatedbyourpopularculture.Weneedtobemademoreawareofthisissue.Tobe

celebrity-thinisnottobebeautifulnorhappy.Itcanalsobeunattractive.Individualswho

areobsessedwiththeirbodiesareonlycausingdamagetothemselvesandtheirloved

ones.Butaslongasthemediamaintaintheirmessagethat"thinisin,"thenthemedical

andpsychologicalproblemsoursocietyfaceswillcontinuetogrow.

55、Whatissueisthispassagemainlyconcernedabout?

標準答案：C

知識點解析：文章開始第一句話就說明了這個問題。Now,morethanever,it

doesn'tmatterwhoyouarebutwhatyoulooklike.人們比以往任何時候都更注重外

表。

56、Howdoestheauthorfeelaboutthisissue?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：作者對這個問題的是很關心的，他的態(tài)度既不是妥協折中，也不是漠

不關心，更不是樂觀。

57、WiththetwostoriesinParagraph2,theauthorexplains.

標準答案：D

知識點解析：這兩個例子說明了由于對外形的困擾導致了人們對自己身體的傷害。

58、Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedasthecauseofbody-imageanxiety?

標準答案：D

知識點解析：傳統(tǒng)文化的影響在文中并沒有提到。

59^Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?

標準答案：A

知識點解析：作者分析了引發(fā)人們過度關注形象的問題的原因和危害，目的就是為

了讓讀者能重新思考這個問題，并改正自己的行為。

Standardusageincludethosewordsandexpressionsunderstood,used,andacceptedbya

majorityofthespeakersofalanguageinanysituationregardlessofthelevelof

formality.Assuch,thesewordsandexpressionsarcwelldefinedandlistedinstandard

dictionaries.Colloquialisms,ontheotherhand,arefamiliarwordsandidiomsthatare

understoodbyalmostallspeakersoflanguageandusedininformalspeechorwriting,but

notconsideredacceptableformoreformalsituations.Almostallidiomaticexpressions

arecolloquiallanguage.Slang,however,referstowordsandexpressionsunderstoodbya

largenum