Unit1Relationships

單元語(yǔ)法詳解北師大版新教材選擇性必修一

原創(chuàng)Cao本單元重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法→過(guò)去完成時(shí)

a.BeforeMr.Jenkinstaughtme,sciencehadsimplybeenasubjectfullofstrangewordstome.（教材

P8）b.IrememberGrahamwasverydifficultbeforehecameintomyclass.Ihadheardstoriesabouthisbadbehavior.(教材P9)c.Hewasverybrightandhehaddoneverywellinsciencesubjects.(教材

P9)d.IknewIhadchosenajobwithalotofstressbutIlovewhatIdo.(教材

P9)e.ThewholeclasscheeredforJohnbecausehehadrunthefastestonSportsDay.(教材P11)◆原句再現(xiàn)◆過(guò)去完成時(shí)含義●

過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或某一事件前完成的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearnedtwelveunits.到上學(xué)期末，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)完了十二個(gè)單元b.IhadbeenanursebeforeIenteredthemedicalcollege.我在上那所醫(yī)院之前是一名護(hù)士●某一時(shí)刻或某一事件前已發(fā)生但未完成的動(dòng)作，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子ByDecemberlastyear,hehadworkedinBeijingforfiveyears.到去年十二月為止，他已經(jīng)在北京工作五年了●

表示非真實(shí)的、想象的過(guò)去動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子a.Ifshehadworkedharder,shewouldhavesucceeded.b.Theyhadmeanttoseemeoffattheairport,buttheygottheretoolate.●各種人稱+助動(dòng)詞had+過(guò)去分詞…..，即：主語(yǔ)+had+done…請(qǐng)觀察以下句子◆過(guò)去完成時(shí)的構(gòu)成HehadbeeninthiscollegeforthreeyearsbeforeIcametostudy.b.

Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbythattime.◆過(guò)去完成時(shí)的用法※悄悄告訴你：過(guò)去完成時(shí)在時(shí)間上是"過(guò)去的過(guò)去”,因此,句子一般都有一個(gè)明確的狀語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間●

表示某動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間以前開(kāi)始并一直持續(xù)到這一時(shí)間，常與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，并帶有for,since,by,when,until等表示一段時(shí)間或起止的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子a.IhadstayedinBeijingforthreeyearsbythen.b.Untilthenhehadknownnothingaboutit.c.Theboytoldhismotherthathehadbeenillsincehecamebackfromtheschool.d.ShehadonlybeenherefortenminuteswhenJimcamein.※溫馨告知：

after,before等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，由于這類詞本身意義能明確表示時(shí)間先后關(guān)系，因此，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用一般過(guò)去時(shí)代替過(guò)去完成時(shí)，請(qǐng)觀察下面句子Afterhefinishedhishomework,hewenttobed.●表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去一段時(shí)間之前已經(jīng)結(jié)束，通常月非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用，句中常帶有by,before等引起的時(shí)間，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子Whentheygottothefield,thefootballmatchhadalreadystarted.b.HehadlearnedtwohundredEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.c.Ihadn’twaitedlongbeforehecame.●表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或出現(xiàn)的狀態(tài),常與頻度狀語(yǔ)twice,threetimes,manytimes等連用，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子a.Hesaidhehadreadthedetectivenoveltwice.

b.IhadseenthefilmmanytimesonCCTV6.

c.Mymothersaidthatshehadbeentherethreetimes.●表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的希望、打算或意圖，常與hope,intend,mean,expect,think,want,suppose等詞連用，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子Ihadhopedtobeabletotakemyseatinallthisnoisewithoutbeingseen,butthatmorningtheroomwasquietandorderly.b.Wehadhopedtocatchthe8:00train,butfounditwasgone.c.Ihadmeanttotellyouthenews,butIwastoobusy.d.Ihadintendedtocomeovertoseeyoulastnight,butmyoldfriendcalledandIcouldn’tgetaway.●過(guò)去完成時(shí)在Itwasthefirst…time+that從句結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句謂語(yǔ)常用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，it有時(shí)可以換成this,that等，請(qǐng)觀察以下句子a.Itwasthefirsttimelastyearthathehadvisitedourschool.b.Itwasthefifthtimethathehadspokentomeinsuchashorttime.c.Thiswasthelasttimethathehaddonethatkindofwork.d.Thatwasthethirdtimethathehadbeenthere.e.Itwasthesecondtimethatshehadbeenpunishedbyherfather.◆過(guò)去完成時(shí)的基本形式●

肯定式：以動(dòng)詞do為例※

I/He/She/It/We/You/They+had+done…●否定式：以動(dòng)詞do為例※

--HadIdone…?--Yes,youhad.(No,youhadn’t.)--Hadshe/he/itdone…?--Yes,she/he/ithad.(No,he/she/ithadn’t.)--Hadwedone…?--Yes,you/wehad.(No,you/wehadn’t.)--Hadyoudone…?--Yes,I/wehad.(No,I/wehadn’t.)--Hadtheydone…?–Yes,theyhad.(No,theyhadn’t.)●一般疑問(wèn)式及回答:以動(dòng)詞do為例※

I/He/She/It/We/You/They+hadn’t+done…◆過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)●主語(yǔ)+hadbeendone,請(qǐng)觀察以下句子a.Thetaskhadbeendonebyfiveo’clockyesterdayafternoon.b.Thesepeoplehadbeenwarnedtwicebytheendoflastweek.※考點(diǎn)訓(xùn)練1.Heaskedme_______duringthesummerholidays.whereIhadbeenB.whereIhadgoneC.wherehadIbeenD.wherehadIgone2.What______Jane______bythetimehewassever?A.did,doB.has,doneCdid,did.D.had,done3.I_______900EnglishwordsbythetimeIwasten。A.learnedB.waslearningC.hadlearnedD.learnt4.She______livedherefor______years.A.had,afewB.has,severalC.had,alotofD.has,agreatdealof5.Bythetimemyparentsreachedhomeyesterday,I___________thedinneralready.AhadcookedB.cookedC.havecookedD.wascookedADCAA6.Shesaidshe________theprinciplealready.A.hasseenB.sawC.willseeD.hadseen7.Shesaidherfamily______themselves___thearmyduringthewar.A.hashidden,fromB.hadhidden,fromC.hashidden,withD.hadhidden,with8.Bythetimehewastenyearsold,he________.A.hascompleteduniversityB.hascompletedtheuniversityC.hadcompletedanuniversityD.hadcompleteduniversity9.Shehadwrittenanumberofbooks______theendoflastyear.A.forB.inC.byD.at10.He______toplay____beforehewas11yearsold.Ahadlearned,pianoB.hadlearned,thepianoC.haslearned,thepianoD.learns,piano11.What_______Annie____bythetimehewasten?A.did,doB.did,didC.has,doneD.haddoneDBDCBD12.He_____inthefactoryforthreeyearsbeforehejoinedtheArmy.A.hasworkedB.worksC.hadworkedD.willwork13.Bytheendoflastweek,they_______thebridge.hascompletedB.completedC.willcompleteD.hadcompleted14.Benhatesplaying______violin,buthelikesplaying____football.A.a…theB.the…theC./…theD.the…/15.Bythetimehewas4,he________alotofGermanwords.A.hadlearnedB.haslearnedC.learnedD.learns16.Jimturnedoffthelightsandthen_____theclassroom.wasleftB.hadleftC.hasleftD.left17.They________inGuangzhousince2000.A.livedB.hadlivedC.havelivedD.wereliving

CDDADC18.ThetrainfromBeijing_______tenminutesago.A.hasarrivedB.wasarrivingC.arrivedD.hadarrived19.Thestud