湖北省部分市州2025年元月高三期末聯(lián)考

英語試卷

本試卷共10頁，67題。全卷滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形

碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。

2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。寫在

試卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

3.非選擇題的作答：用黑色簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試卷、草稿紙

和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。

4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并上交。

第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到

答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題L5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.

答案是C。

1.Howdoesthewomanprobablygotoworknow?

A.Bycar.B.Onfoot.C.Bybike.

2.WhatwillthewomandothisSaturday?

A.Haveabarbecue.B.Actasababysitter.C.Attendaparty.

3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Apicture.B.Afriend.C.Apicnic.

4.Whatisthewoman'sattitudetowardtheLanguageStudyFair?

A.Interested.B.Surprised.C.Disappointed.

5.Whenwasthemanbom?

A.InJune.B.InJuly.C.InAugust.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題L5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中

選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘，聽完后，各

小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。

6.Whatistheweatherliketoday?

A.Rainy.B.Sunny.C.Windy.

7.Whenwillthemangotoabirthdayparty?

A.ThisSunday.B.NextMonday.C.NextTuesday.

聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。

8.Whatdidthemandoaround7:30?

A.Hemetafriend.B.HevisitedMr.Brown.C.Heworkedovertime.

9.Whendidthemanfinishhisreport?

A.Around9:30pm.B.Around10:00pm.C.Around10:30pm.

聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。

10.WhatdidJenniferdolastweekend?

A.Shevisitedawoman.B.Shedidsomeshopping.C.Shesoldsomeoldthings.

11.WhomdidthechocolatechipcookiesremindJenniferof?

A.Herhusband.B.Herneighbor.C.Hergrandmother.

12.WhydidthewomanreturntoJenniferafewhourslater?

A.Togiveheragift.B.Tojointhesale.C.TospendChristmastogether.

聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。

13.Inwhichcountrydoesthemanlivenow?

A.CostaRica.B.Nicaragua.C.Ecuador.

14.WhatmadethemandecidetolearnSpanish?

A.Histravelingexperiences.B.Hishighschoollife.C.Hiscollegecourses.

15.WhichwayoflearningSpanishhelpedthemanmost?

A.Readingsomenovels.B.WatchingTVprograms.C.AttendingSpanishclasses.

16.Whatotherforeignlanguageshasthemanlearned?

A.FrenchandJapanese.B.FrenchandGerman.C.GermanandChinese.

聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。

17.WhatcantouristsvisitatStopA?

A.Apalace.B.Arestaurant.C.Amuseum.

18.WhereshouldtouristsstopiftheyareinterestedinRomanLanding?

A.AtStopB.B.AtStopC.C.AtStopD.

19.Howoftendocitybusesrun?

A.Onceaday.B.Twiceaday.C.Threetimesaday.

20.WhatcanweknowaboutTheNumberOneSightseeingTour?

A.ItstartsfromCastleHill.B.Itprovidesguides.C.Itcontainsvideogames.

第二部分：閱讀理解(共20小題，每小題2.5分，滿分50分)

第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2.5分；滿分37.5分)

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

TheChinaDailyGlobalImpactWritingChallenge

TheChinaDailyGlobalImpactWritingChallenge(ChinaDailyCIWS)reachesouttoyoungpeopleofdifferent

ages,aimingtodirecttheirattentiontoglobalissues,developtheirglobalinsightsandencouragethemtotakeaction.

Asforthefutureoftheworld,theyshouldbeawareofthecrisesandopportunitiesitfaces.

WesincerelyinviteyoungpeoplefromChinaandoverseasstudentstoparticipateinthischallenge,andtothink

abouthowtoinfluencetheworldfromtheangleofbeingaglobalyouthaftersufficientresearch.

Theme:Me&SDGs(SustainableDevelopmentGoals)

Organizer:ChinaDailyUSA

Schedule:RegistrationOpenDate:August15,2024

ApplicationCloseDate:December31,2024

RegionalAwardAnnouncement:March25,2025

GlobalAwardAnnouncement:June25,2025

ChallengeDetails;

?Category:Thechallengeisopentostudentsworldwide,withthreecategoriesestablished:Elementary(初級

的)SchoolDivision;JuniorHighSchoolDivision;HighSchoolandAboveDivision(HighSchoolDivisionand

GlobalCollegeFreshmen)

?Method:Thechallengewillberunonline,facilitatingtheparticipationofyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld.

?Language:ThelanguageofthechallengeisEnglish,whichwillhelpparticipantsimprovetheirEnglish

writingskillsandsharewithyoungpeoplefromaroundtheworld.

?EntryFee:￥399

CLICKheretosignupforthechallenge.

1.WhatisthemainpurposeoftheChinaDailyGIWS?

A.Toengagestudentsinlocalevents.

B.Toimprovestudents5writingskills.

C.Toinspirestudents9initiativeinglobalissues.

D.Toassessstudents'knowledgeofsustainability.

2.Whenisthesubmissiondeadlineforthechallenge?

A.August15,2024.B.June25,2025.

C.March25,2025.D.December31,2024.

3.Howwillthechallengebeconducted?

A.Throughtraditionalmail.B.Throughonlineparticipation.

C.Throughtelephoneconference.D.Throughin-personworkshops.

【答案】l.C2.D3.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文?！爸袊請?bào)全球影響力寫作挑戰(zhàn)”面向不同年齡段年輕人，旨在引導(dǎo)年輕人關(guān)

注全球問題，培養(yǎng)他們的全球視野，并鼓勵(lì)他們采取行動(dòng)。文章介紹了“中國日報(bào)全球影響力寫作挑戰(zhàn)”的

目的、主題、組織者、時(shí)間安排和參賽方式等信息。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段"TheChinaDailyGlobalImpactWritingChallenge(ChinaDailyCIWS)reaches

outtoyoungpeopleofdifferentages,aimingtodirecttheirattentiontoglobalissues,developtheirglobalinsights

andencouragethemtotakeaction.（"中國日報(bào)全球影響力寫作挑戰(zhàn)”面向不同年齡段的年輕人開展，旨在引

導(dǎo)他們關(guān)注全球問題，拓展全球視野，并鼓勵(lì)他們采取行動(dòng)）”可知，“中國日報(bào)全球影響力寫作挑戰(zhàn)”

的主要目的是啟發(fā)學(xué)生對全球問題的主動(dòng)性。故選C?

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章"Schedule4日程安排）"下文中"ApplicationCloseDate:December31,2024（申請

截止日期：2024年12月31日）”可知，提交截止日期是2024年12月31日。故選D。

【3題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章中"Method:Thechallengewillberunonline,facilitatingtheparticipationofyoung

peoplefromaroundtheworld.（方法：挑戰(zhàn)將在線進(jìn)行，方便全球年輕人參與）”可知，挑戰(zhàn)賽將通過在線參

與的方式進(jìn)行。故選B。

FiveGrade11students,callingthemselves"TeamVoltage5"fromthePhilippineScienceHighSchool,

engineeredaninnovativedevicenamedthe"S-Light“andsecuredaSilverAwardattheYoungInventorsChallenge

2019inMalaysia.Thisannualevent,initiatedin2003,ismeanttofuelapassionforscienceamongyoungminds.

Uniquely,theS-Lightdiffersfromconventionalspeakersbyturningnoiseintoelectricityratherthanusingelectricity

toproducesound.

Inordertodevelopthisdevice,TeamVoltage5investedcountlesslunchtimesinschoollaboratories,working

closelywiththeirscienceteachers.Ateammemberexplained,“Whensoundwavesstrikethediaphragmofthe

speaker,theinteractionbetweenthemagnetandcoilgenerateselectricalenergy.Thisisstoredinapowerbankto

poweralight.Thisprocessisessentiallytheoppositeofhowtraditionalspeakerswork.

TheS-Lightproveshighlyeffectiveinenvironmentsabundantwithnoise,suchasairports,busyroads,or

constructionsites.Withlargerspeakersandalotofdevices,itholdstheincrediblepotentialtogeneratesufficient

electricityforanentirecommunityandprovidesustainableenergysolutions.

Whiletransformingnoiseintoelectricityisnotanovelconcept,nopracticaldeviceexistedbefore.Thecreators

ofthe"S-Light“weredrivenbytheprospectofassistingstudentsinruralareaslackingelectriclightingforhome

study.Theywerekeenlyawareoftheirprivilegeinattendingschoolandexpressedprideincontributingtheir

inventiontotheirnationasgratitudefortheireducationalopportunities.

TheremarkableachievementsofTeamVoltage5serveasaninspiration,encouragingotheryoungindividuals

torealizetheirfullpotentialtoimpactothers'livesandmakegreatcontributionstosocietythroughscientific

innovationandcreativity.

4.Whatdoweknowaboutthe"S-Light”?

A.Itwasinitiallyoperatedin2003.B.Ituseselectricitytomakesound.

C.Ittransformssoundintoelectricity.D.Itworksthesamewayasaspeaker.

5.What'sparagraph2mainlyabout?

A.Whythe"S-Light"matters.B.Howthe"S-Light“functions.

C.Wherethe"S-Light“storesenergy.D.Whatissuethe"S-Light“addresses.

6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeTeamVoltage5?

A.Humorousanddiligent.B.Creativeandappreciative.

C.Curiousanddependable.D.Productiveandresponsible.

7.Whatmessagedoestheauthormainlyconveyinthe：text?

A.Smallactionsbringaboutnewinsights.

B.Jointeffortsarekeytoachievingsuccess.

C.Importantchangesalwaysarisefromtrialanderror.

D.Innovativeyouthcontributetocommunitywell-being.

【答案】4.C5.B6.B7.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了來自菲律賓科學(xué)高中的5名自稱為“TeamVoltage5”的11年

級學(xué)生，設(shè)計(jì)了名為“S-Light”的創(chuàng)新設(shè)備,并在馬來西亞2019青年發(fā)明家挑戰(zhàn)賽上獲得了銀獎(jiǎng)?！癝-Light”

與傳統(tǒng)揚(yáng)聲器的區(qū)別在于，它將噪音轉(zhuǎn)化為電能，而不是使用電能來產(chǎn)生聲音。

【4題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的句子"Uniquely,theS-Lightdiffersfromconventionalspeakersbyturningnoiseinto

electricityratherthanusingelectricitytoproducesound.（S-Light與傳統(tǒng)揚(yáng)聲器的獨(dú)特之處在于,它將噪音轉(zhuǎn)化

為電能，而不是用電來產(chǎn)生聲音。）”可知，S-Light把聲音轉(zhuǎn)換成電。故選C項(xiàng)。

【5題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容“Ateammemberexplained,“Whensoundwavesstrikethediaphragmofthe

speaker,theinteractionbetweenthemagnetandcoilgenerateselectricalenergy.Thisisstoredinapowerbankto

poweralight.Thisprocessisessentiallytheoppositeofhowtraditionalspeakerswork.（一位團(tuán)隊(duì)成員解釋說：

“當(dāng)聲波撞擊揚(yáng)聲器的隔膜時(shí)，磁鐵和線圈之間的相互作用產(chǎn)生電能。它被儲(chǔ)存在充電寶里，為電燈供

電。這個(gè)過程本質(zhì)上與傳統(tǒng)揚(yáng)聲器的工作方式相反。）”可知，第二段主要是講S-Light是如何工作的。故

選B項(xiàng)。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"Whiletransformingnoiseintoelectricityisnotanovelconcept,nopracticaldevice

existedbefore.Thecreatorsofthe"S-Light“weredrivenbytheprospectofassistingstudentsinruralareaslacking

electriclightingforhomestudy.'Theywerekeenlyawareoftheirprivilegeinattendingschoolandexpressedpride

incontributingtheirinventiontotheirnationasgratitudefortheireducationalopportunities」雖然將噪音轉(zhuǎn)化為電

能并不是一個(gè)新穎的概念，但在此之前并沒有實(shí)際的設(shè)備存在?！癝-Light”的發(fā)明者希望幫助農(nóng)村地區(qū)缺

乏電力照明的學(xué)生在家學(xué)習(xí)?！八麄兠翡J地意識(shí)到自己上學(xué)的特權(quán)，并表示為自己的國家貢獻(xiàn)自己的發(fā)明

感到自豪，以感謝他們的教育機(jī)會(huì)。“）”可知，TeamVoltage5有創(chuàng)新精神且他們對自己接受的教育心存

感恩。故選B項(xiàng)。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，尤其是最后一段^TheremarkableachievementsofTeamVoltage5serveasan

inspiration,encouragingotheryoungindividualstorealizetheirfullpotentialtoimpactothers'livesandmakegreat

contributionstosocietythroughscientificinnovationandcreativity.（Voltage5團(tuán)隊(duì)的卓越成就鼓舞著其他年輕

人，鼓勵(lì)他們充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力，通過科學(xué)創(chuàng)新和創(chuàng)造力影響他人的生活，為社會(huì)做出巨大貢獻(xiàn)。）”可

知，作者想要傳達(dá)的信息是“有創(chuàng)新精神的青年們?yōu)樯鐣?huì)福祉做貢獻(xiàn)”。故選D項(xiàng)。

C

Neverjudgeabookbyitscover——evenifthecoverdoesn'tsaymuchatall.Thefirstthingcustomersseewhen

theywalkintotheStrandBookStoreinManhattanisatableofnamelessbookswithcoverswrappedlikeChristmas

presentsandtitlesreplacedbygeneraldescriptions.Thestorecallsit“BlindDateWithaBook”.

Peopleloveit,PaulColarusso,thecommunicationsdirectorfortheStrand,said,t6Weputitrightatthefrontof

thestorebecauseitquiteliterallystopspeopleintheirtracks.9,"'Peopleareattractedtotheelementofsurprise,which

focusesattentionandcreatesadopamine（多巴胺）response,9,Mr.Tobin,anassociateprofessoratCaseWestern

University,said.Meanwhile,storeshavefoundanewwaytosellbooksthatareoverlookedbecausetheyarenotnew,

best-sellingorpennedbyafamousauthor.

Muchlikerealdating,there9snoperfectscience,andanelementoftrialanderrorisinvolved.Fantasyand

mysterybooksworkwell.Forgottenbooksfromthepastaregreattoo.WheninRomebySarahAdamsisdisguised

as“FreshlyBakedSlowBumRom-com^^.SpoilerAlertbyOliviaDadebecomesa"You'veGotMail-esque

Romance^^.

Butnotallbookstoreshaveembracedthetrend.Dozensofbookstoreownersaroundthecountrysaidtheydid

notknowwhat"BlindDateBooks^^were.Othersdidn'tparticipateinthetrendbecausestorepolicyprohibitsreturns

orexchangeswhicharenecessaryifsomeonehaspickedupabooktheyhavealreadyread.

OnawarmFridaymorning,thebookstoreispacked.Abouthalfthecustomersstopatthe“BlindDateBooks^^

displaybytheentrance,closelyinspectingtheneatlydrawn,wrappedcovers.HeatherTonerbuysone.""Throwing

cautiontothewindandlettingsomeoneelsechooseformejustsortoffeelslikeanicechangeofpace,"Ms.Toner,

areader,said.<6Ineverwentonarealblinddate."BlindDateWithaBook5iskindofmyspeed.”

8.Whatmakes“BlindDateWithaBook“appealingtocustomersaccordingtoMr.Tobin?

A.Theabilitytochoosespecifictitles.

B.Theattractivenessofthepackaging.

C.Theexcitementofanunforeseenchoice.

D.Theidentificationofdopamineresponse.

9.Howdoes"BlindDateWithaBook"benefitbookstores?

A.Itenrichescustomers9choices.B.Itsatisfiesreaders5specialneeds.

C.Itsimplifiesshoppingprocedures.D.Ithelpsmarketless-knownbooks.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“embraced“inparagraph4mean?

A.Overlooked.B.BlockedC.Guided.D.Adopted.

11.WhichwordsbestdescribeHeatherToner'sattitudetowards"BlindDateWithaBook”?

A.OpenandadventurousB.Cautiousandreserved.

C.Tolerantandindecisive.D.Dismissiveandskeptical.

【答案】8.C9.D10.D11,A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。這篇文章介紹了曼哈頓的斯特蘭書店推出的“盲選書籍”活動(dòng)。該活動(dòng)將書籍

的封面包裝起來，只留下簡單描述，讓顧客在沒有任何先入為主印象的情況下挑選書籍。文章討論了這種

活動(dòng)帶來的顧客體驗(yàn)、其背后的心理學(xué)原理，以及這一趨勢對書店銷售的影響。

【8題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段uPeopleareattractedtotheelementofsurprise,andtheelementofsurprisefocuses

attentionandcreatesadopamineresponse（人們被驚喜元素所吸引，而驚喜元素能夠集中注意力并引發(fā)多巴胺

反應(yīng)）”可知，顧客更喜歡“盲選書籍”是因?yàn)樗麄冊谶@種不確定性中體驗(yàn)到刺激和驚喜，激發(fā)了多巴胺的

反應(yīng)，產(chǎn)生興奮感。故選C。

【9題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句"Meanwhile,storeshavefoundanewwaytosellbooksthatareoverlooked

becausetheyarenotnew,best-sellingorpennedbyafamousauthor.（與止匕同時(shí)，書店已經(jīng)找至U了——種銷售那些

因?yàn)榉切聲⒎菚充N書或非名家所著而被忽視的書籍的新方法）”可知，這種活動(dòng)幫助銷售那些被忽視的書

籍，而這些書籍往往因?yàn)椴皇菚充N書或不是出自名作家之手而被忽視。故選D。

[10題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段第二句話和第三句話“Dozensofbookstoreownersaroundthecountrysaidtheydid

notknowwhat“BlindDateBooks^^were.Othersdidn'tparticipateinthetrendbecausestorepolicyprohibits

returnsorexchangeswhicharenecessaryifsomeonehaspickedupabooktheyhavealreadyread.（全國數(shù)十家書

店店主表示，他們不知道“圖書盲選”是什么。還有一些書店沒有參與這一潮流，因?yàn)闀暾呓雇素?/p>

或換貨，而如果顧客選到了已經(jīng)讀過的書，退貨或換貨是必要的）”可知，不是所有的書店都能欣然接受這

種趨勢，D選項(xiàng)中的adopt意思是“正式通過”，符合語意。故選D?

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句""Throwingcautiontothewindandlettingsomeoneelsechooseforme

justsortoffeelslikeanicechangeofpace,"Ms.Toner,areader,said.41Ineverwentonarealblinddate."Blind

DateWithaBook，iskindofmyspeed.”（讀者托納（Toner）女士說：“不顧一切讓別人替我選擇，感覺節(jié)奏

很不錯(cuò)，算是一種新鮮的改變。我從來沒有參加過真正的約會(huì)。'與書相約'正合我的節(jié)奏?！保┛芍?，

HeatherToner認(rèn)為讓別人為自己挑選書籍是一種“節(jié)奏的變化”，從她的話中可以看出，她認(rèn)為這種方

式感到輕松且充滿期待，甚至將其比作一種適合自己的“盲約”，說明她對這種體驗(yàn)持一種積極、開放的

態(tài)度，同時(shí)又抱著試一試的心態(tài)。故選A。

D

EnvironmentalDNA（eDNA）hasbecomeacrucialtoolinecologicalresearchoverrecentyears.Byanalyzing

water,soil,orotherenvironmentalmaterialsforDNApieces,researcherscantellthatthousandsofdifferentspecies

havebeeninanareawithouthavingtoobservetheactualspeciespassingthrough.

Todate,thiseDNAprocesshasmostlybeenemployedtodetectmarine（海洋的）creatures,insects,andother

wildlife.However,accordingtoapaperpublishedinNatureEcology&Evolution,thistechniquecouldjustaseasily

beappliedtospothumans.

AninternationalteamofresearchersbasedattheUniversityofFlorida,USA,demonstratedthathumangenomic

（基因組的）informationcanbeeasilydetectedineDNAsamplescollectedfromwater,sand,andeventheair.While

thiscapabilitycouldhavepracticalapplications,suchasaidinginthesearchformissingpersonsormonitoringpublic

health,theresearchershighlightsignificantmoralconcerns.Theseconcernsincludethelackofagreementfrom

individualsfortheirDNAtobecollected,potentialbreaches（侵犯）ofprivacy,andtheriskofgeneticinformation

beingusedforcommercialpurposes.

ThisissueisparticularlychallengingforthefieldofeDNA,whichreliesonopenandeasilyaccessibledata."It

isstandardpracticeinsciencetomakethesedatapubliclyavailable.However,thisalsomeansthatifhuman

informationisnotscreenedout,anyonecouldaccessthisinformation,saysseniorauthorProfessorDavidDuffy,a

wildlifediseasegenomicsresearcherattheUniversityofFlorida."'Thisraisesissuesaroundpermission.Doweneed

toaskpermissiontocollectthesesamples?Shouldwebringinsomecontrolstoremovehumangeneticdata?”

""Wheneverwemakeatechnologicaladvancement,therearebothbeneficialandconcerningpotentialuses.This

situationisnodifferent,Duffyexplains.64Weareraisingtheseissuesearlysothatpolicymakersandsocietyhave

adequatetimetodevelopsuitableguidelines.^^

12.WhatistheprimaryuseofeDNAinecologicalresearch?

A.Identifyingspeciespresentinanarea.B.Monitoringspeciesevolutionprocesses.

C.Improvinglivingconditionsforwildlife.D.Samplinginsectsdirectlyintheirhabitats.

13.WhyistheaccessibilityofeDNAdataapotentialproblem?

A.ItignorespracticalapplicationsofeDNAdata.

B.Itmayleadtouncheckedgeneticengineering.

C.Itcouldresultinmisuseofhumangeneticdata.

D.Itraisesconcernsaboutwildlifediseaseresearch.

14.WhatdoesDuffysuggestpeopleconcerneddo?

A.Todeveloppotentialapplications.B.Tosamplegeneticinformation.

C.Tohighlightadvancedtechnology.D.Toestablishappropriateregulations.

15.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.eDNA:ANewFrontierinEcologicalMonitoring

B.eDNA:HumanDetectionMeetsPrivacyChallenges

C.eDNA:ABreakthroughinMarineResearchTechniques

D.eDNA:TransformingOurComprehensionofBiodiversity

【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了環(huán)境DNA（eDNA）在生態(tài)研究中的應(yīng)用，特別是其在檢測人類

方面的潛力，同時(shí)提出了相關(guān)的道德和隱私問題。

【12題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段^EnvironmentalDNA（eDNA）hasbecomeacrucialtoolinecologicalresearchover

recentyears.Byanalyzingwater,soil,orotherenvironmentalmaterialsforDNApieces,researcherscantellthat

thousandsofdifferentspecieshavebeeninanareawithouthavingtoobservetheactualspeciespassingthrough,（ifi；

年來，環(huán)境DNA（eDNA）已成為生態(tài)學(xué)研究的重要工具。通過分析水、土壤或其他環(huán)境材料的DNA片段，

研究人員無需觀察實(shí)際經(jīng)過的物種，就能判斷出某個(gè)地區(qū)曾經(jīng)有數(shù)千種不同的物種）”可知，eDNA在生態(tài)

研究中的主要用途是識(shí)別某一地區(qū)存在的物種。故選A項(xiàng)。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheseconcernsincludethelackofagreementfromindividualsfortheirDNAtobe

collected,potentialbreaches（侵犯）ofprivacy,andtheriskofgeneticinformationbeingusedforcommercial

purposes.（這些擔(dān)憂包括沒有得到個(gè)人對其DNA收集的同意，隱私可能遭到侵犯，以及遺傳信息被用于商業(yè)

目的的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”和第四段中“However,thisalsomeansthatifhumaninformationisnotscreenedout,anyonecould

accessthisinformation」然而，這也意味著，如果人類信息沒有被篩選出來，任何人都可以訪問這些信息）”

以及“Thisraisesissuesaroundpermission.Doweneedtoaskpermissiontocollectthesesamples?Shouldwebring

insomecontrolstoremovehumangeneticdata?（這引發(fā)了關(guān)于許可的問題。我們是否需要征得許可才能收集

這些樣本?我們是否應(yīng)該引入一些控制措施來刪除人類遺傳數(shù)據(jù)?）"可知，eDNA數(shù)據(jù)的可訪問性是一個(gè)潛

在問題，因?yàn)樗赡軐?dǎo)致人類遺傳數(shù)據(jù)的濫用。故選C項(xiàng)。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Duffy的話“Weareraisingtheseissuesearlysothatpolicymakersandsocietyhave

adequatetimetodevelopsuitableguidelines.（我們提前提出這些問題，以便政策制定者和社會(huì)有足夠的時(shí)間來

制定合適的指南）”可知，Duffy建議相關(guān)人士制定適當(dāng)?shù)姆ㄒ?guī)。故選D項(xiàng)。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中However,accordingtoapaperpublishedinNatureEcology&Evolution,

thistechniquecouldjustaseasilybeappliedtospothumans.（然而,根據(jù)發(fā)表在《自然?生態(tài)與進(jìn)化》雜志上的

一篇論文，這項(xiàng)技術(shù)同樣可以很容易地應(yīng)用于檢測人類）”和第三段中“Theseconcernsincludethelackof

agreementfromindividualsfortheirDNAtobecollected,potentialbreaches（侵犯）ofprivacy,andtheriskofgenetic

informationbeingusedforcommercialpurposes.（這些擔(dān)憂包括沒有得到個(gè)人對其DNA收集的同意，隱私可能

遭到侵犯，以及遺傳信息被用于商業(yè)目的的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)）”可知，文章主要介紹了eDNA在檢測人類方面的應(yīng)用及

其引發(fā)的隱私和道德問題，故B項(xiàng)“eDNA:HumanDetectionMeetsPrivacyChallenges（eDNA：人類檢測遭

遇隱私挑戰(zhàn)）”最能概括文章內(nèi)容，適合做文章標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)。

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Students?successandhappinesscanbeimprovedbybuildingtheirself-belief-theirperception（看法）oftheir

capacitytocompleteachallengingtask.Inastudywith763studentsatXi'anJiaotong-LiverpoolUniversityin

China,itwasrevealedthatstudentswithhighself-beliefexcelledintheirfinalyearprojects.16Onthe

contrary,studentswithlowself-beliefexhibitedlowerlevelsofhappinessandpoorerperformance,despitehaving

accesstoqualityresources.

Theparticipantsinthestudywerestudyingarangeofsubjects,includingrobotics,computerscience,and

electricalandelectronicengineering.17Theseprojectsrequiredthemtodevelopresearchquestions,

designresearchmethodologies,andconductdatacollection,analysis,andreporting.

18Studentswereratedbasedontheirresponsestoquestionssuchas:"Iamabletoidentifyand

formulate（準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)）asubstantialresearchproblem,andproduceaplantoaddresstheproblem.Additionally,

thesurveyincludedquestionsaboutthestudentsopinionsontheprojectallocation（分酉己）process.

Theanalysisofthesurveydataindicatedthatstudentswithhigherself-beliefdemonstratedgreaterconfidence

intheirabilitytotacklechallengingtasks.19Theyweremorelikelytoreflectontheirperformancepost-

completion.Incontrast,studentswithlowerself-beliefshowedlessconfidenceintheirabilitytohandlecomplex

projects.

Thefindingsofthisresearchsuggestthatbuildingself-beliefcanleadtoimprovedacademicoutcomesand

increasedstudenthappiness.20Forexample,theycanprovideconstructivefeedbacktoenhancestudents9

criticalthinkingskillsandself-belief.Creatingasupportivelearningenvironmentalsoencouragesstudentstotake

onchallengeswithoutfearoffailure.Furthermore,integratingself-reflectionactivitiescanhelpstudentsrecognize

andbuildupontheirstrengths,promotingacontinuouscycleofimprovementandself-assurance.

A.Theyviewdifficultiesasopportunitiesforbarriers.

B.Schoolsenablestudentstojoininclassdiscussions.

C.Duringtheirfinalyear,thesestudentsundertookspecificprojects.

D.Theyinvestedmoretimeinunderstandingtheprojectrequirements.

E.Educatorscanplayacrucialroleinpromotingstudents5confidence.

ETheyalsoreportedhighersatisfactionwiththeirlearningexperiences.

G.Toassessthestudents9self-belief,theresearchersdevelopedafive-pointsystem.

【答案】16.F17.C18.G19.D20.E

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述的是培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的自信可以顯著提高他們的學(xué)業(yè)成功和整體幸福感。

【16題詳解】

上文“Inastudywith763studentsatXi'anJiaotong-LiverpoolUniversityinChina,itwasrevealedthatstudents

withhighself-beliefexcelledintheirfinalyearprojects.（一項(xiàng)針對中國西安利物浦大學(xué)的763名學(xué)生的研究發(fā)

現(xiàn)，自我信念高的學(xué)生在年終項(xiàng)目上表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異。）”指出自我信念高的學(xué)生在年終項(xiàng)目上表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異；F選項(xiàng)

“Theyalsoreportedhighersatisfactionwiththeirlearningexperiences.（他們還報(bào)告說對學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷的滿意度更

高。）”中的they指代上文提到的自信高的學(xué)生們，說明這些學(xué)生不僅對年終項(xiàng)目表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，而且對學(xué)習(xí)

經(jīng)歷的滿意度也更高，與上文形成并列關(guān)系，符合題意。故選F。

【17題詳解】

上文“Theparticipantsinthestudywerestudyingarangeofsubjects,includingrobotics,computerscience,and

electricalandelectronicengineering.（參與研究的學(xué)生正在學(xué)習(xí)一系列學(xué)科，包括機(jī)器人技術(shù)、計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)以

及電氣和電子工程。）”指出參與研究的學(xué)生正在學(xué)習(xí)的學(xué)科；以及后文中"Theseprojectsrequiredthemto

developresearchquestions,designresearchmethodologies,andconductdatacollection,analysis,andreporting.（這

些項(xiàng)目要求他們提出研究問題，設(shè)計(jì)研究方法，并進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)收集、分析和報(bào)告。）”具體解釋了項(xiàng)目的要

求。C選項(xiàng)“Duringtheirfinalyear,thesestudentsundertookspecificprojects.（在最后一學(xué)年，這些學(xué)生承擔(dān)

了特定的項(xiàng)目。）”中的thesestudents指代上文提到的參與者，與前文形成呼應(yīng)，同時(shí)此處提出了這些學(xué)生

在最后一學(xué)年承擔(dān)了與所學(xué)學(xué)科相關(guān)的特定項(xiàng)目，后文對特定項(xiàng)目的要求進(jìn)行了說明，符合題意。故選

Co

【18題詳解】

下文“Studentswereratedbasedontheirresponsestoquestionssuchas:'Iamabletoidentifyandformulate（準(zhǔn)

確表達(dá)）asubstantialresearchproblem,andproduceaplantoaddresstheproblem.'（根據(jù)學(xué)生的回答來評定他們

的分?jǐn)?shù)，例如：’我能夠識(shí)別并準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)一個(gè)重大的研究問題，并制定一個(gè)解決問題的計(jì)劃?！碧岬礁鶕?jù)

學(xué)生的回答來評定分?jǐn)?shù)，說明有一個(gè)評分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)；G選項(xiàng)"Toassessthestudents'self-belief,theresearchers

developedafive-pointsystem.（為了評估學(xué)生的自我信念，研究人員制定了一個(gè)五點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)。）”說明研究人員

制定了一個(gè)五點(diǎn)系統(tǒng)來評估學(xué)生的自我信念，這個(gè)系統(tǒng)可能就是用來評定學(xué)生分?jǐn)?shù)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，符合題意。故

選G。

【19題詳解】

上文“Theanalysisofthesurveydataindicatedthatstudentswithhigherself-beliefdemonstratedgreater

confidenceintheirabilitytotacklechallengingtasks.（對調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的分析表明，自我信念高的學(xué)生對自己處理

挑戰(zhàn)性任務(wù)的能力更有信心。）”指出自我信念高的學(xué)生對自己處理挑戰(zhàn)性任務(wù)的能力更有信心；D選項(xiàng)

“Theyinvestedmoretimeinunderstandingtheprojectrequirements.（他們投入了更多時(shí)間來理解項(xiàng)目要

求。）”中的they指代上文提到的self-belief高的學(xué)生，說明這些學(xué)生因?yàn)閷ψ约河行判?，所以投入了更?/p>

時(shí)間來理解項(xiàng)目要求，符合題意。故選D。

[20題詳解】

上文“Thefindingsofthisresearchsuggestthatbuildingself-beliefcanleadtoimprovedacademicoutcomesand

increasedstudenthappiness.（這項(xiàng)研究