1/9UNIT3單元主題訓(xùn)練課時(shí)作業(yè)(一)語篇閱讀訓(xùn)練——保準(zhǔn)度Ⅰ.閱讀理解ACoralreefs(珊瑚礁)areanintegralpartofsealifeandsustainitbyprovidingshelterandhabitattovariousorganisms.Theyalsosupplyandrecyclenutrientsaswellasenableagrowingfishpopulation,alongwithotherspecies,forahealthyanddiverseecosystem.However,theriseinaveragewatertemperaturesduetoclimatechangehasresultedinmorefrequentandlong-time“coralbleaching(珊瑚白化)”eventsthatdamagetheirhealth,causingfishandotherseaspeciestoabandonthem.Inordertorestorethisdelicateecosystem,scientistsfromtheUKandAustraliaconductedastudythatinvolvedusingloudspeakersunderwaterneardamagedcoralreefstomakethemsoundhealthyandattractfish,potentiallykick-startingthenaturalrecoveryprocessofcoralreefsandtheirdependentlifeforms.ThelocationforthisexperimentwastheGreatBarrierReefintheCoralSea,foundalongsidetheeastcoastofQueensland,Australia.Thesiteisnotedtohavethelargestcoralreefsystemintheworld.“Healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces—thecrackleofsnappingshrimpandthewhoopsandgruntsoffish.Youngfishconcentrateonthesesoundswhenthey'relookingforaplacetosettle，”saidSteveSimpson,studyco-authorandaprofessorattheUniversityofExeter,UK.Byusingloudspeakerstocopysuchsounds,partsofdeadcoralreefswerefoundtoattracttwiceasmanyfish,comparedtoplaceswherenosoundswereplayed.“Thesereturningfisharecrucialforcoralreefstofunctionashealthyecosystems.Boostingfishpopulationinthiswaycouldhelptokick-startnaturalrecoveryprocesses,preventingthedamagewe'reseeingonmanycoralreefsaroundtheworld，”saidleadauthor,TimGordon.語篇解讀：由于海水溫度的升高，深海珊瑚的生態(tài)遭到破壞。科學(xué)家通過實(shí)驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，在珊瑚礁旁邊放置揚(yáng)聲器以吸引海洋生物對(duì)于恢復(fù)珊瑚的生態(tài)卓有成效。1．Whatcausesthephenomenonofcoralbleaching?A．Diversespecies.B．Noisepollution.C．Fishingindustry.D．Climbingtemperatures.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第三句可知，是氣候變化所引起的海水溫度的上升導(dǎo)致了這種白化現(xiàn)象。2．Whatapproachisintroducedtorecoverthecoralreefs?A．Removingdamagedcoralreefs.B．Usingloudspeakerstokeepfishaway.C．Buildingnewhomesforseaspecies.D．Playingcertainsoundstoattractfish.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句可知，為恢復(fù)珊瑚生態(tài)，科學(xué)家在遭破壞的珊瑚附近放置揚(yáng)聲器，以吸引魚類。即通過播放聲音來吸引魚類。3．WhyareSteveSimpson'swordsquoted?A．Toprovidesomefindingsofthestudy.B．Toshowtheprogressoftheexperiment.C．Toexplainreasonsforthenewapproach.D．Togiveanothersolutiontotheproblem.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)前兩段內(nèi)容可知，魚兒會(huì)離開不健康的、遭到破壞的珊瑚。為了吸引魚類，科學(xué)家們?cè)谶@些珊瑚附近放置揚(yáng)聲器。再結(jié)合第三段第一句可知，健康的珊瑚礁是非常熱鬧的地方，各種海洋生物很多。由此可推知，此處引用這位教授的話是為了解釋在受損珊瑚礁旁邊放置揚(yáng)聲器這一新方法的原因。4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Theattemptsareinvain.B．Naturalrecoveryisimpossible.C．Initialsuccesshasbeenachieved.D．Thecoralreefshavereturnedtonormal.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，通過用揚(yáng)聲器復(fù)制一些聲音，部分死亡的珊瑚礁吸引了更多的魚類，由此可推知，珊瑚生態(tài)保護(hù)已經(jīng)初見成效。BItseemswecan'tgetofftheplanetfastenough.TwothirdsofNASA'smoneyisspentonmannedspaceexploration,andthatnumberwillgrowwiththecountry'sdecisiontosendamantoMarsin2037.We'veseenallthereistoseeonEarth,right?Wrong.Thefinalplaceishere,underthesurfaceofthesea.Headingdownintotheocean,humanlimitsarequicklyreached.At200metres,thewaterisasblackasamoonlessnight.Mostnuclearsubmarines(核潛艇)wouldimplode(內(nèi)爆)beforetheyreach1kmdown.At3km—stilllessthantheaveragedepthoftheocean—there'sagoodchancethatyou'lldiscoveranewspecies.Thedeepest-divingwhalesgonofurther.Attheverybottom,about11kmdown,liestheChallengerDeep,thedeepestpartoftheMarianaTrenchinthePacificOcean.EighteenhumanshavewalkedontheMoon,butonlythreehaveseentheDeepwiththeirowneyes.Yetthingslivedownthere.Bigthings.Averyloudsoundwasonceheardandscientistssuggestedthatitwasproducedbyananimalbiggerthanabluewhale,thelargestcreatureknownontheplanet.Inthelate1990s,adeep-watersubmarinewasdroppedintheSouthernOcean,andpassing4,000metres,itdiscoveredsomethinghugepassingunderit.Surprised?Don'tbe.Theoceancovers70%oftheplanet'ssurfaceandwe'vestudiedlessthan5%ofit.WeknowmoreaboutthedarksideoftheMoonthanaboutthebottomofthesea.Onereasonthatweexplorespaceistofindevidenceofotherlifeforms.ThesearchforlifeoutsideofEarthisimportant,butrobotscanlookunderthedryrocksofMarsbetterthanhumans.They'reabsolutelyimportantfordoingoceanresearchtoo,buttheycan'tlookunderthesea.Thecostofexplorationisrising,buttheresultswouldbenefitallourlives.Understandingtheoceanswillhelpusfindnewsourcesoffood,drugsandenergy.Perhapsnowit'stimetobeginanewperiodofseaexploration.Mannedexplorationofspaceissciencefiction(科幻小說)．Theadventureofthedeepseaissciencefact.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。作者在文中討論了進(jìn)行海洋探索的重大意義。)5．WhatdotheexamplesinParagraph2suggest?A．Seaexplorationisnoeasytask.B．Nuclearsubmarinesneedtobeimproved.C．Theoceanisfardeeperthanpeopleexpected.D．TheconditionundertheseaissimilartothatontheMoon.解析：選A推理判斷題。第二段列舉各個(gè)深度海洋的情況是為了說明海洋探索不是一件容易的事。6．WhatdoweknowabouttheChallengerDeep?A．Bluewhaleslivethere.B．Noonehaseverbeenthere.C．Peopleareterrifiedbythesightofit.D．ItisthedeepestknownlocationonEarth.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“theChallengerDeep,thedeepestpartoftheMarianaTrenchinthePacificOcean”可知，挑戰(zhàn)號(hào)深淵是地球上目前已知的最深的海底。7．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofthediscoveryintheSouthernOcean?A．It'ssurprising. B．It'snowonder.C．It'sworrying. D．It'snosuccess.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Surprised?Don'tbe...thebottomofthesea.”可推測(cè)，作者認(rèn)為南冰洋中可能存在比藍(lán)鯨更大生物的發(fā)現(xiàn)不足為奇。8．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellus?A．Spaceexplorationisoflittlevalue.B．Wespendtoomuchmoneyonspacetravel.C．Humans'successliesinhowmuchtheyexplorethesea.D．Theoceanistheplacewhereweshouldmakeourefforts.解析：選D主旨大意題。作者在文章第一段就點(diǎn)明自己的觀點(diǎn)：Thefinalplaceishere,underthesurfaceofthesea，并在接下來的段落中具體論述海洋探索的重大意義。由此可知，D項(xiàng)概括了文章主旨。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Bytheendofthe15thcenturymanythingswerechanginginEurope.Thepopulationstartedtogrowmorequicklyandanewclassofmerchantscameup.TheywantedtobuyandsellexpensiveandvaluableproductsfromAsia,likegold,jewelsandsilk.Inthosedays,peoplehadnorefrigeratorstopreservetheirfood.__9__Tomakefoodtastebettertheyusedspices,likepepper.__10__Butinthe15thcenturytheoverlandpassagewayswerebeingcontrolledbytheTurkishEmpire,whichmadeitevenmoredifficultforEuropeanmerchantstopassthrough.Asaresult,someEuropeancountries,likeSpainandPortugal,decidedtofindoutiftherewasaseapassagewaytoIndia.Attheendofthe15thcenturythePortuguesestartedtoexplorethewestcoastofAfrica.__11__In1487,thePortugueseexplorerBartholomeuDiassailedaroundthesouthernpartofthecontinentandgotasfarastheeastcoastofAfrica,butastormmadehimturnback.__12__ThePortuguesenamedittheCapeofGoodHopebecausetheywerehopefuloffindingapassagewaytoIndia.In1497,VascoDaGamasetoutfromLisbon,sailedaroundtheCapeofGoodHopeandintotheIndianOcean.__13__HetooksomespicesandgoldbackwithhimtoprovethathehadreachedIndia.A．HereachedthewestcoastofIndiathenextyear.B．Theydriedmeatandusedsalttomakeitlastlonger.C．Theysetuptradingpostsandcollectedgoldandsilver.D．Onhisreturnvoyage,hesawapieceoflandstretchingoutintothesea.E．ForcenturiesEuropeansbroughtthesegoodsonalandpassagewayfromAsia.F．TheywereconvincedthatbysailingaroundittheywouldfindapassagewaytoIndia.G．Withthehelpofadvancedshipsandinstruments，theystartedtheAgeofExploration.eq\x(語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了歐洲人為了開辟到亞洲的海上通道而進(jìn)行的海上航行。)9．選B空格前一句談到了在過去，人們沒有冰箱儲(chǔ)存食物，因此，本句承接上一句的內(nèi)容，為了讓食物(肉)保存久一點(diǎn)，人們就將肉風(fēng)干或用鹽將肉腌制起來，故選B。10．選E第一段談到了歐洲人需要商品如黃金、珠寶、絲綢以及香料，商人就從亞洲通過陸路運(yùn)到歐洲，空格后一句有but轉(zhuǎn)折，談到陸路逐漸被土耳其帝國(guó)控制，導(dǎo)致走陸路非常困難了。因此，空格處起承上啟下的作用，E符合語境。11．選F本段第一句談到在15世紀(jì)末，葡萄牙人開始探索非洲西海岸。設(shè)空處解釋他們?yōu)槭裁匆剿鬟@條海上航線，因?yàn)樗麄兿嘈磐ㄟ^這條線，他們能夠找到到達(dá)印度的海上通道。12．選D空格前一句談到BartholomeuDias已經(jīng)航行到了非洲東海岸，但是他們遇到了海上風(fēng)暴，本句承接上文，在他們回航的時(shí)候，他們看見了一塊突出在海上的陸地。D項(xiàng)中的return與空格前一句的“madehimturnback”相呼應(yīng)，因此選D。13．選A空格前一句談到在1497年，航海家VascoDaGama繞過好望角到達(dá)了印度洋，故A項(xiàng)能承接上文。A項(xiàng)中的“thenextyear”與空格前一句的“in1497”存在先后關(guān)系，也暗示了答案。Ⅲ.完形填空(2025·江門模擬)In2014,asophomorestudentattheNationalAcademyofChineseTheatreArtswentwithfriendsforabirthdaycelebrationtoBeijingZoo.Littledidheknowthatachance__14__attheaquarium(水族館)therewouldlightalifelongpassion.Fast-forwardtotoday,Xu,aBeijingnative,has__15__tothetropicalislandofSouthChina'sHainanProvince,whereheservesasacoral__16__foraSanya-basedtropicalbiologicallaboratoryattachedtotheChineseAcademyofSciences.Eachday,hespendsseveralhoursdivingdeepunderthewavestoobserveand__17__thegrowthanddevelopmentofthecreaturesthat__18__himallthoseyearsago.Xu,whoisnicknamed“coralman”，is__19__engagedonsocialmediaplatforms,whereheregularlysharesvisuallyamazingphotosandentertainingvideosofcorals.Heaimsto__20__individualstotakeactioninprotectingcoralreefsandtheoceansasawhole.ForXu,whohadbeenstudyingBeijingOperasincechildhood,becomingacoralconservationistwasan__21__turnofevents.Afterhefirstsawcoralsattheaquarium,hebeganto__22__thelocalmarkettolearnaboutcoral__23__frommerchantswhoselldecorativeplants,fishandcorals.Healso__24__informationonline.Beforelong,hehadsetupasmallfishtankathomeandstartedcultivatingacoral.“Thecoralorganismisquitesensitivetoitsenvironmentandhasextremelyhigh__25__forwaterquality，”recallsXu.“WhenIstartedgrowingcoral,itsstatewasnot__26__.”ButasXugainedmore__27__aboutcoral,includinghowtocontrolfactorslikewatertemperatureandpHlevels,hiscoralgraduallystartedtoflourish.Healsolearnedthatcoralreefsareknownas“tropicalrainforests”and“underwatergardens”oftheocean,providinga__28__foraquarterofallseacreatures.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了中國(guó)戲曲學(xué)院的學(xué)生徐因一次在水族館內(nèi)邂逅珊瑚的經(jīng)歷而對(duì)珊瑚產(chǎn)生了終生的熱愛，他后來成了一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者。14．A.accident B．encounterC．a(chǎn)pplication D．performance解析：選B根據(jù)上文中的“wentwithfriendsforabirthdaycelebrationtoBeijingZoo”和下文中的“Afterhefirstsawcoralsattheaquarium”可知，他和朋友一起去北京動(dòng)物園慶生，并沒有特意計(jì)劃，他在這里第一次見到了珊瑚，所以是偶然在水族館遇到了珊瑚。15．A.moved B．drivenC．a(chǎn)ppealed D．signaled解析：選A根據(jù)空后的“tothetropicalislandofSouthChina'sHainanProvince,whereheservesasacoral________”可知，身為北京人的徐搬到了海南的熱帶島嶼上工作。16．A.educator B．a(chǎn)mbassadorC．a(chǎn)rtist D．conservationist解析：選D根據(jù)下文中的“Xu,whoisnicknamed‘coralman’”和“Heaimsto_______individualstotakeactioninprotectingcoralreefsandtheoceansasawhole.”可知，他致力于保護(hù)珊瑚，所以他是一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者。下文中的“becomingacoralconservationist”也是提示。17．A.approve B．increaseC．document D．smooth解析：選C根據(jù)空后的“thegrowthanddevelopmentofthecreatures”可知，這里表示觀察和記錄珊瑚的生長(zhǎng)和變化。18．A.separated B．relievedC．preserved D．fascinated解析：選D根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)ightalifelongpassion”可知，他對(duì)珊瑚深深地迷戀。19．A.actively B．finallyC．universally D．skillfully解析：選A根據(jù)句中的“whereheregularlysharesvisuallyamazingphotosandentertainingvideosofcorals”可知，他經(jīng)常在社交媒體平臺(tái)上分享珊瑚的照片和視頻，所以他在這些社交媒體上很活躍。20．A.teach B．a(chǎn)rrangeC．encourage D．force解析：選C根據(jù)空后的“individualstotakeactioninprotectingcoralreefsandtheoceansasawhole”可知，他想通過這種方式鼓勵(lì)人們行動(dòng)起來，保護(hù)珊瑚礁和整個(gè)海洋。21．A.impractical B．unexpectedC．unfortunate D．unacceptable解析：選B根據(jù)句中的“Xu,whohadbeenstudyingPekingOperasincechildhood”可知，徐從小學(xué)習(xí)京劇，而現(xiàn)在他卻成了一名珊瑚保護(hù)主義者，這是意想不到的轉(zhuǎn)變。22．A.frequent B．expandC．manage D．improve解析：選A根據(jù)空后的“thelocalmarkettolearn”可知，他常去光顧當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)，去了解珊瑚養(yǎng)殖的知識(shí)。23．A.selling B．observingC．farming D．decorating解析：選C根據(jù)下文中的“startedcultivatingacoral”可知，他后來開始養(yǎng)殖珊瑚，由此可推知，他向商人了解珊瑚養(yǎng)殖的知識(shí)。24．A.answeredfor B．broughtinC．searchedfor D．gaveout解析：選C根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)earnaboutcoral________”和空后的“informationonline”可知，他不僅向商人了解珊瑚養(yǎng)殖的知識(shí)，還去網(wǎng)上搜索信息。25．A.requirements B．reputationsC．periods D．priorities解析：選A根據(jù)句中的“isquitesensitivetoitsenvironment”可知，珊瑚對(duì)環(huán)境很敏感，所以養(yǎng)殖珊瑚對(duì)水質(zhì)的要求很高。26．A.pure B．goodC．confusing D．strict解析：選B下句的But表明前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，根據(jù)下句“ButasXugainedmore________aboutcoral,includinghowtocontrolfactorslikewatertemperatureandpHlevels,hiscoralgraduallystartedtoflourish.”可知，他的珊瑚后來慢慢開始茁壯成長(zhǎng)，由此可知，一開始的時(shí)候珊瑚的狀態(tài)并不好。27．A.evidence B．careC．equipment D．knowledge解析：選D根據(jù)句中的“includinghowtocontrolfactorslikewatertemperatureandpHlevels”可知，這里指的是關(guān)于珊瑚的知識(shí)。28．A.map B．homeC．platform D．container解析：選B根據(jù)句中的“coralreefsareknownas‘tropicalrainforests’and‘underwatergardens’oftheocean”和空后的“foraquarterofallseacreatures”以及常識(shí)可知，珊瑚礁被稱為“熱帶雨林”和海洋的“水下花園”，它是海洋生物的棲息地，給海洋生物提供了家園。Ⅳ.語法填空China'sWukong,a__1__(full)autonomoussubmersible(潛水器)thatwasdevelopedbyHarbinEngineeringUniversity,hasreachedamaximumunderwaterdepthof7,709metres,__2__(set)anewdivingrecordfordomesticautonomousunderwatervehicles.WukongreturnedtoitshomeportofQingdao,ShandongProvinceonThursdayaftercompleting__3__thirdphaseofitsdeep-seatrial.Duringthisyear'sdeep-seascientificexpedition(探險(xiǎn))intheWesternPacificOcean__4__(organise)bytheNationalDeepSeaCentreofChinafromFebruary24toApril1,Wukonghadsuccessfullyreachedamaximumdeep-seadivingdepthrecordof7,709metres,__5__brokeitspreviousrecordof5,213metres.Capable__6__full-oceandepth,itdived5,000metresand7,000metresrespectivelyduringtheseatrialsandretrieved(回收)watersamples,layingasolid__7__(found)for11,000-metresubmersibletests.Thisisthesecond__8__(deep)recordintheworldaftertheonesetbytheRussianVityaz-DAUV.Wukong,2metreslong,1metrewideand1.3tonsinweight,completedtwoseatrialsata1,500-metredepthin2019.Autonomousunderwatervehicles__9__(see)asoneofthekeyemergingtechnologiesinfuturenavalwarfare.Butsofarthecomplexityofthissolution__10__(mean)thatnocountryintheworldhasfieldedthemoperationally.語篇解讀：本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要講述中國(guó)哈爾濱工程大學(xué)研制“悟空”號(hào)全自動(dòng)潛水器創(chuàng)下了國(guó)內(nèi)自主潛水器的潛水新紀(jì)錄。1．fully考查副詞。修飾形容詞autonomous要用副詞fully。2．setting考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子謂語為hasreached，和空處動(dòng)詞無連詞連接，所以空處為非謂語動(dòng)詞，且set和其邏輯主語China'sWukong之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。3．the考查冠詞。修飾序數(shù)詞third要用定冠詞the。4．organised考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。分析