1102Group4轉(zhuǎn)喻法(Metonymy)提喻法(Synecdoche)1/27

ContentsDefinition2Metonymy3Synecdoche4Comparison5Introduction

12/27IntroductionLiteralLanguageFigurativeLanguage(Trope修辭，比喻)SimileMetaphorMetonymySynecdoche3/27DefinitionofMetonymyMetonymyisafigureofspeechhastodowiththesubstitutionofthenameofonethingforthatofanother.轉(zhuǎn)喻是在提及事物時不用其本身名字稱呼而是用與它親密相連概念來替換它一個英語修辭格。它著重是事物本身特點(diǎn)或它與其它事物之間特殊關(guān)系4/27(1)以事物特征代替事物、人本身。(2)以工具代替動作或行為者(3)以人或物代特征(4)以事物活動場所代替事物或活動者(5)以某物產(chǎn)地代替該物(6)以作者或生產(chǎn)者代替作品或產(chǎn)品

(7)以容器代替其中內(nèi)容

.。。。。。。。。。使用方法Metonymy轉(zhuǎn)喻5/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(1)以事物特征代替事物、人本身。

Grayhair

shouldberespected.Nocross,nocrown.(Aproverb)6/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(2)以工具代替動作或行為者He

wasraisedtothe

bench.His

pensways

over

half

ofthecivilizedworld.7/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(3)以人或物代特征Thereismuchoftheschoolboy

inhim.Thewolfandthepigmingledtogetherinhisface.8/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(4)以事物活動場所代替事物或活動者TheWhiteHouse(白宮)→thePresidentorExecutivebranchoftheUSgovernmentCapitolHill(國會山)→thelegislativebranchoftheU.S.governmentWallStreet(華爾街)→U.S.Financialcircles9/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(5)以某物產(chǎn)地代替該物WouldyoucareforacupofLongjing?Maotai

Scotch

（whisky威士忌）

10/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(6)以作者或生產(chǎn)者代替作品或產(chǎn)品OurSonyworkedwell.

WedroveaFordtoHydePark.

11/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(7)以容器代替其中內(nèi)容Heisfondofthebottle.他喜歡喝酒。Whatdisheswouldyoulike?您要什么萊?Thekettleisboiling.壺(水)開了。Heisinhiscupsagain.他又喝醉了。12/27

ExerciseHesettheroom

roaringwithlaughter.他使全屋子暴發(fā)出笑聲。Thecoatwouldbebeyondhismiserablepocket.他錢少得可憐，買不起那件大衣。Whenevermyhusbandhasabaddayattheoffice,hehitsthebottle.每當(dāng)我丈夫在辦公室不順心，他就喝得酩酊大醉。13/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(8)以詳細(xì)事物代替抽象事物Helivesbythepen.HeistoofondofthebottleIfoundthepatriotinhim.Don’tact／playthefool.Playtheman!14/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(9)以抽象事物代替詳細(xì)事物Inthepresentinstance,itwassicknessandpovertytogetherthatshecametovisit.(JaneAusten)Itisapitythatthereismoreignorancethanknowledgeinthecountry.15/27Metonymy(轉(zhuǎn)喻）(10)以“顏色詞+名詞”組成名詞來替換意義上與之相關(guān)名詞Heistheblacksheepinthefamily.Hehasayellowstreak.Hemightbethedarkhorseintheswimmingcontest.16/27Synecdoche大致上可分為6類：以部分代全體以全體代部分以一個事物代替一類事物用一類事物代替一個事物用原材料代替其制品以個體代替一類17/27Synecdoche（提喻）1、以部分代全體Theywereshortofhands

atharvesttime.Noeye

sawhim,butasecondlatereveryearheardagunshot.Thepoormanhadsix

mouths

tofeed18/27Synecdoche（提喻）2、以全體代部分England

wonthefootballgame.Thebirdssangtowelcomethe

smiling

year.Hehasgainedafootinginthemusicalworld.19/27Synecdoche（提喻）（3）

以屬代替種Springvanisheswiththerose.It

willcostyouaprettypenny20/27Synecdoche（提喻）4）

以種代替屬What

a

lovely

creature!21/27Synecdoche（提喻）（5）

以詳細(xì)代抽象Heearnedhis

bread

asateacher.Thewolf

andthe

pig

mingledtogetherinhisface.22/27Synecdoche（提喻）（6）

以抽象代詳細(xì)Allthe

wit

and

learning

oftheworldwere

assembled

there.Itwas

sickness

and

poverty

togetherthatshecametovisit.23/27轉(zhuǎn)喻（metonymy）與提喻(synecdoche)比較metonymy是利用人體部位指代其功效或特點(diǎn)例1：Herheartruledherhead.她感情控制了理智synecdoche則是利用人體部位指代整體例2：Noeyesawhim,butasecondlatereveryearheardagunshot沒有些人看見他，可是，一秒鐘以后每個人都聽到一聲槍響。人體部位指代人24/27轉(zhuǎn)喻（metonymy）與提喻(synecdoche)比較

metonymy

Weareallears.

我們洗耳恭聽synecdocheTwoheadsarebetterthanone.兩個腦袋總比一個腦袋強(qiáng)。25/27例5：Heh