FoodBiochemistry知到智慧樹期末考試答案題庫2025年華南理工大學(xué)Whodeterminedtheaminoacidsequenceofinsulin?（）

答案:FrederickSangerWhichthefollowingbelongstomyeloidcells?（）

答案:Neutrophilscell；Eosinophils；Basophils；MonocytesWhichofthenarrativesaboutproteinextractionisincorrect.（）

答案:ThecrudeproteinextractcanbecentrifugedtoremovesomesmallmolecularimpuritiesWhichofthefollowingnoncovalentinteractionsworktogethertodrivetheassociationoftwostrandsofDNAtoformadoublehelix?（）

答案:Ionicinteractions；VanderWaalsinteractions；Hydrogenbonds；HydrophobiceffectWhichofthefollowingexperimentalanimalshasthemostsimilardigestivetracttohuman?（）

答案:PigWhichofthefollowingcofactorsisinvolvedin-oxidation?（）

答案:NAD+Whichoffollowingistheprecursorsforbiosynthesis?（）

答案:AcetylCoAWhichmethodscandetectandquantifyprotein?（）

答案:ELISA；WesternblotWhichmembranecanthegel-electrophoresispatterns?（）

答案:AlloftheaboveWhichkindofnutrientswilllosethemostafterrefining?（）

答案:VitaminWhichdescriptionoftheproteinα-helixiswrong?（）

答案:ThehydrophobicactioninthechainstabilizesitsstructureWhichbranchoffoodsciencefocusesonthefunctionalpropertiesofproteins.（）

答案:FoodBiochemistry；FoodProcessing；FoodEngineeringWhicharethedifferencesofmembranesbetweenarchaeonandeukaryotesorbacteria?（）

答案:AlloftheaboveWhenthecellhasalowlevelofATP,therateoftheTCAcycleisreduced.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Whenpurifyingspecificantibodies,whichofthefollowingmethodsshouldbeusedtoremoveimpurities?（）

答案:ImmunoaffinitychromatographyWhat’stherequirementforthebiosynthesisofpeptidebonds?（）

答案:InputoffreeenergyWhat’sthedifferencebetweenαhelixandβsheet?（）

答案:βstrandsWhat’stheaminogroupinthedipolarform?（）

答案:–NH3++；–COO-What’sfunctionsofproteinsinbiologicalprocesses?（）

答案:Catalysts；Tansport；Transmitnerveimpulses；StoreoxygenmoleculesWhatisthefateofglucose6-phosphate?（）

答案:Itcanbeusedasafuelforanaerobicoraerobicmetabolisminmuscle；Itisderivedfromglycogen；Itcanalsobeconvertedintofreeglucoseintheliver；ItcanbeprocessedbythepentosephosphatepathwaytogenerateNADPHWhatforcescausethetwostrandsofDNAtobindtoeachother?wemustconsiderseveralfactors:（）

答案:Thetypesofinteractions；Bondsinbiochemicalsystems；Theenergeticfavorabilityofthereaction；TheinfluenceofthesolutionconditionsWhateffectdoeseatinggeneticallymodifiedfoodshaveonyourgenes（）

答案:Ithasnoeffectonyourgenes.Whatchangeshavetakenplaceinfoodcomparedwith20yearsago?（）

答案:Volumeincrease；CaloriesincreaseWhatarethemaindirectfunctionalsubstancesinhumanactivity?（）

答案:ATPWhatarethelevelsofproteinstructure?（）

答案:Primarystructure；Secondarystructure；Tertiarystructure；QuaternarystructureUnsaturatedfattyacidshavehighermeltingpointsthandosaturatedfattyacidsofthesamelength.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Underaerobicconditions,thepyruvateiscompletelyoxidizedviathecitricacidcycletocarbondioxideandwater.（）

答案:對Thetransitionstateistoounstabletoexistforlong,anditisdeterminedbytheΔGofthereaction.（）

答案:對Thetransitionstateisatransitorymolecularstructurethatisnolongerthesubstratebutisnotyettheproduct.（）

答案:對ThesynthesisoffattyacidsUSEScarnitinetotransportacetyl-coAfromthemitochondriatothecytoplasm.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Thesugarindeoxyribonucleicacid(DNA)isdeoxyribose.RNAhasoxygenatomatposition（）carbon.

答案:2Thesolubilityofproteininwaterisaffectedbythedistributionofhydrophobicandhydrophilicchargedgroupsonthesurfaceofproteinmolecules.（）

答案:對Therespiratorychaininlivingorganismsishighlyconserved,sotherespiratorychainUSESoxygenasthefinalacceptorofelectrons.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Thereactionsofglycolysiscanbedividedinto（）steps.

答案:10Theproteomerepresentsthefunctionalexpressionofinformation,itvarieswithcelltype,developmentalstage,andenvironmentalconditions.（）

答案:對Thepredominantformsofribose,glucose,fructose,andmanyothersugarsinsolution,asisthecaseinsidethecell,arenotopenchains.（）

答案:對Theoxidationofanaldehydetoanacidpowerstheformationofacompoundwithhighphosphoryl-transferpotential.（）

答案:對Theonlyformofoxidationoffattyacidsisbetaoxidation.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Themoststrikingcharacteristicsofenzymesareand（）.

答案:Catalyticpower；SpecificityThemessageistranslatedwhentransferRNA(tRNA)moleculesalignwiththerRNAbycomplementarybasepairingbetweenthree-nucleotidesegmentsknownascodons.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Themainfunctionofthecitricacidcycleistheharvestingofhigh-energyelectronsfromcarbonfuels.（）

答案:對Theknowledgeoffoodbiochemistrymostlyfocusedonthechemistryrelatedtoprocessing,whileforfoodbiochemistry,itismainlyaboutthechemicalbasisoffoodbiotechnology.（）（難度1級）

答案:對Thefourcomplexesofrespiratorychaincontainferrithioprotein.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Thefollowingstatementsaboutoxidativephosphorylationarefalse.（）

答案:ElectronsaretransferredthroughtherespiratorychaintooxygentoproducethreemoleculesofATP.Thefollowingcompoundsareallcomponentsoftherespiratorychainexcept（）

答案:CoAThefirststepofconversionofpyruvateintoacetylCoAisoxidation.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Theenzyme-linkedimmunosorbentassay(ELISA)makesuseofanenzymethatreactswithacolorlesssubstratetoproduceacoloredproduct.（）

答案:對Theenzyme-catalyzedreactionisspecificandanenzymeonlycatalyzesasinglechemicalreaction.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Theenergyofanionicinteraction(sometimescalledanelectrostaticinteraction)isgivenbytheCoulombenergy.（）

答案:對Theelectronacceptorforrespirationinalllivingorganismsmustbehydrogen.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Thedouble-stranded,orduplex,natureofDNAfacilitatesitsreplication.Whenacelldivides,eachDNAstrandactsasatemplatefortheassemblyofitscomplementarystrand.（）

答案:對TheDEnovosynthesisoffattyacids,whichstatementiscorrect?（）

答案:Theintermediatemalonyl-CoAisrequiredThecontentofwhichelementintheproteinismorestable?（）

答案:NTheconcentrationofN-acetylglucosamine(GlcNAc)reflectstheactivemetabolismofcarbohydrates,aminoacidsandfats,indicatingthatnutrientsareabundant.（）

答案:對Theclusterofdifferentiationisaprotocolusedfortheidentificationandinvestigationofcellsurfacemoleculesprovidingtargetsforimmunophenotypingofcells.（）

答案:對Thecitricacidcycleoxidizestwocarbonunits,producingtwomoleculesofCO2,onemoleculeofATP,andhigh-energyelectronsintheformofNADHandFADH2.（）

答案:對ThecitricacidcycleisprimarilyregulatedbytheconcentrationofATPandNADH.（）

答案:對Thecentraldogmaofmolecularbiologydescribesthetwo-stepprocess,transcriptionandtranslation,bywhichtheinformationingenesflowsintoproteins:DNA→RNA→protein.（）

答案:對Thebasisofa（）isthatthedistributionofelectronicchargearoundanatomfluctuateswithtime.

答案:VanderWaalsinteractionsTheATPneedsriseslowerthantheabilityofthebodytoprovideoxygentothemuscle.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Theamino-terminalimmunoglobulindomainsofeachchainisreferredtoastheconstantregions.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Theadaptiveimmunesystem,alsoreferredastheacquiredimmunesystem,isasubsystemoftheimmunesystemthatiscomposedofspecialized,systemiccellsandprocessesthateliminatespathogensbypreventingtheirgrowth.（）

答案:對Supposethatyouprecipitateaproteinwith1M(NH4)2SO4andthatyouwishtoreducetheconcentrationofthe(NH4)2SO4.Youtake1mlofyoursampleanddialyzeitin1000mlofbuffer.Attheendofdialysis,whatistheconcentrationof(NH4)2SO4inyoursample（）

答案:1.0mMSimplecarbohydratesarecalledmonosaccharides.Thesesimplesugarsservenotonlyasfuelmoleculesbutalsoasfundamentalconstituentsoflivingsystems.（）

答案:對Secondarystructureistheaminoacidsequence.（）

答案:錯(cuò)RNApolymeraseIIisamultiproteincomplex.ItisoneofthethreeRNAPenzymesfoundinthenucleusofeukaryoticcells.ItcatalyzesthetranscriptionofDNAtosynthesizeprecursorsofmRNAandmostsnRNAandmicroRNA.（）

答案:RNApolymeraseIIRibosomesareminuteparticlesconsistingofRNAandassociatedproteinsthatfunctiontosynthesizeproteins.（）

答案:對Pyridoxalphosphateparticipatesinthephosphorolyticcleavageofglycogen.（）

答案:對Proteinscanbeseparatedfromoneanotheronthebasisofsolubility,size,charge,andbindingability.（）

答案:對Prokaryoteshaverelativelysimplestructuresandarealmostallunicellular.（）（難度1級）

答案:對Peoplefindthatnearlyallknownenzymesareproteins.ThereareonlyafewRNAamongthem.（）

答案:對PCRprimersfortheqPCRstepofRT-qPCRshouldideallybedesignedtospananexon-exonjunction,withoneoftheamplificationprimerspotentiallyspanningtheactualexon-intronboundary.（）

答案:對OkazakifragmentsareshortsequencesofDNAnucleotideswhicharesynthesizeddiscontinuouslyOkazakifragmentswerelaterlinkedtogetherbytheenzymeDNAligasetocreatetheleadingstrandduringDNAreplication.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Ofthefollowingstatementsaboutglucose,thewrongoneis（）

答案:Glucoseisacarbohydratebecauseitsmolecule(C6H12O6)consistsofsixcarbonatomsandsixwatermolecules.Nuclearorganizationreferstothespatialdistributionofchromatinwithinacellnucleus.（）

答案:對NHgroupisagoodhydrogen-bonddonor.（）

答案:對Muchofthecatalyticpowerofenzymescomesfromtheirbindingtoandthenalteringthestructureofthesubstratetopromotetheformationofthetransitionstate.（）

答案:對Mostintegralmembraneproteinsspanthelipidbilayer.（）（難度1級）

答案:對MostcurrentGMcropshavebeenengineeredforresistancetoinsects,tolerancetoherbicidesorboth.（）

答案:對Monosaccharidesarealdehydesorketonesthathave（）ormorehydroxylgroups.

答案:TwoMitochondriaaresemiautonomousorganellesthatliveinanendosymbioticrelationwiththehostcell.TheseorganellescontaintheirownDNA,whichencodesavarietyofdifferentproteinsandRNAs.（）

答案:對Massspectrometryismainlyusedtodeterminethe（）inthecompound

答案:MolecularmassMassspectrometrycomprisesthreeessentialcomponents,including:（）

答案:ionsource；massanalyzer；DetectorMainlyproteinproductionincludesthreemainsteps,including（）

答案:Genecloning；Geneexpression；ProteinpurificationLysineandargininehavelongsidechainsthatterminatewithgroupsthatarepositivelychargedatneutralpH.（）

答案:對Lipidbilayermembraneshaveaveryhighpermeabilityforionsandmostpolarmolecules.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Intwo-stepRT-qPCRassays,thereversetranscriptionandPCRstepsareperformedinseparatetubes,withdifferentoptimizedbuffers,reactionconditions,andprimingstrategies.（）

答案:對Inthemetabolismofhexosesotherthanglucose，mannoseisconvertedtofructose-6-phosphate.（）

答案:對Inthedisaccharidemaltose,forexample,twoD-glucoseresiduesarejoinedbyaglycosidiclinkagebetweentheα-anomericformofC-1ononesugarandthehydroxyloxygenatomonC-4oftheadjacentsugar.（）（難度2級）

答案:對Ingel-filtrationchromatography,（）flowmorerapidlythroughthiscolumnandemergefirst.

答案:LargemoleculesIngelelectrophoresis,（）proteinsmoverapidlythroughthegel.

答案:SmallmoleculesInadditiontothenutritionalcomponentsoffood,thebioavailabilityoffoodisalsoanimportantfactoroffood.（）

答案:對Hydrogenbondswithinastrandinthecollagenhelixareabsent.（）

答案:對HersheyandChaseusephageVirusesasworkingmodel.wasusedtolabeltheDNAcontainedintheT2phage,usedtolabeltheproteinsectionsoftheT2phage.（）

答案:phosphorus-32,sulfur-35Hematopoieticstemcellsgiverisetodifferenttypesofbloodcells,inlinescalledmyeloidandlymphoid.（）

答案:對Goldenriceisavarietyofriceproducedthroughgeneticengineeringtobiosynthesizebeta-carotene,aprecursorofvitaminA,intheediblepartsofrice.ItisintendedtoproduceafoodtobegrownandconsumedinareaswithashortageofdietaryvitaminA.（）

答案:對GlyoxylatecycleismetabolicpathwaythatallowstheconversionofacetylCoAgeneratedfromfatsstoresintoGlucoseinplantsandsomemicroorganism.（）

答案:對Glycolyticpathwayiscommontovirtuallyallcells,bothprokaryoticandeukaryotic.（）

答案:對Glycogensynthasecanaddglucosylresiduesonlytoapolysaccharidechainalreadycontainingatleastfourresidues.（）

答案:對GlucoseisphosphorylatedbyATPtoformfructose6-phosphate.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Glucoseandfructoseareanessentialenergysourceforvirtuallyallformsoflife.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Glucagonstimulatesliverglycogenbreakdownwhenbloodglucoseishigh.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Glucagonandepinephrinetriggerthebreakdownofglycogen.（）

答案:對Foodgelscontributetowaterholdingandtexture.（）

答案:對Fattyacidsvaryinchainlengthanddegreeofunsaturation.（）

答案:對Fattyacidnamesarebasedontheirparenthydrocarbons.（）

答案:對Enzymescouldacceleratethereactionrateandcouldaltertheequilibriumofachemicalreaction.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Eachaminoacidunitinapolypeptidechainiscalledaresidue.（）

答案:對DNAisalinearpolymermadeupoffourdifferenttypesofmonomers.Thebackboneisbuiltofrepeatingsugar–phosphateunits.Whatbasemightbeattachedtoeachdeoxyribose.（）

答案:Adenine；Cytosine；Guanine；ThymineDNAisalinearpolymermadeupof（）differenttypesofmonomers.

答案:FourDifferentproteinsaremadebycombiningthese20aminoacidsindifferentcombinations.（）

答案:對Commontechniquesforseparatingandpurifyingproteinsare（）

答案:Saltingout；Chromatography；Electrophoresis；GelfiltrationChoosetheaminoacidwiththeappropriateside-chaintypehydroxyl-containing.（）

答案:SerByapplyingtheknowledgefromfoodbiochemistryabouttheinteractionsbetweenourgenes,nutrition,andlifestyle,wecoulddevelopnewfoodproductsdirectedtooptimizeourhealth.（）

答案:對Bioactivefoodcomponentsarenonessentialbiomoleculesthatarepresentinfoodsandexhibitthecapacitytomodulateoneormoremetabolicprocess.（）

答案:對BesidesacetylCoA,theoddcarbonatomfattyacidafterβ-oxidationproducesacetylCoA.（）

答案:錯(cuò)Atthecoreoftheglycogenmoleculeistheproteinglycogenin.（）

答案:對Antibodiesarecentralmolecularplayersintheimmuneresponse.（）

答案:對Anothergroupofnon‐flavonoidsphenoliccompoundsisxanthones.XanthonescompriseafamilyofO‐heterocyclesymmetricalcompoundswithadibenzo‐γ‐pyronescaffold.（）

答案:對Animalshaveaverylargerepertoireofantibody-producingcells,eachproducinganantibodythatcontainsseveralsurfacesforantigenrecognition.（）

答案:錯(cuò)andarethemostcommonhydroxybenzoicacids.（）

答案:Vanillicacid；GallicacidAnα-aminoacidconsistsofacentralcarbonatom,calledtheαcarbon.（）

答案:對AnIgGmoleculeconsistsofatotalof12immunoglobulindomains.（）

答案:對Aminoacidsarethebuildngblocksofproteins.（）

答案:對Aminoacidsaregroupedtogethertoforma