2014年6月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試真題答案及解析（卷三）寫(xiě)作題目：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayonthefollowingquestion.Shouldparentsdecidechildren'scareerforthem?Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.參考范文Inmodernsociety,theissueofwhetherparentsshoulddecidechildren'scareerforthemhassparkedaheateddebate.Someparentsfirmlybelievethattheyhavetherightandexperiencetomakecareerdecisionsfortheirchildren.Theythinktheycanoffervaluableinsightsbasedontheirlifeexperiencesandknowledgeofthejobmarket.However,Iholdtheviewthatchildrenshouldhavetherighttochoosetheirowncareers.Firstly,childrenareindividualswithuniqueinterestsandtalents.Forcingthemintoacareerthattheyarenotinterestedinmayleadtoalackofmotivationandenthusiasm.Secondly,intoday'srapidlychangingworld,newcareeropportunitiesareemergingconstantly.Children,beingmoreintunewiththecurrenttrends,mayhaveabetterunderstandingoffuturecareerprospects.Inconclusion,whileparents'advicecanbehelpful,childrenshouldbegiventhefreedomtopursuethecareersthattheytrulydesire.Thisway,theyaremorelikelytoachievesuccessandsatisfactionintheirprofessionallives.答案分析：文章先引出話題，提及部分家長(zhǎng)認(rèn)為自己能為孩子做職業(yè)決定。接著表明自己觀點(diǎn)，闡述孩子應(yīng)自主選擇職業(yè)的兩個(gè)理由，一是孩子有獨(dú)特興趣和天賦，二是孩子更了解當(dāng)下趨勢(shì)和未來(lái)職業(yè)前景。最后總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)孩子應(yīng)有追求心儀職業(yè)的自由。聽(tīng)力短對(duì)話1.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Ileftmyraincoatinmyoffice.WaitwhileIgobacktogetit.W:Don'tbother.Theweatherreportsaiditwouldclearupbynoon.題目：Whatdoesthewomanmean?答案：Thereisnoneedforthemantogobackforhisraincoat.答案分析：男士要回去拿雨衣，女士說(shuō)不用麻煩，天氣預(yù)報(bào)說(shuō)中午會(huì)放晴，意味著男士沒(méi)必要回去拿雨衣。2.聽(tīng)力原文：M:Iwonderifyoufindmyexperiencerelevanttothejob.W:Yes,certainly.Butifonlyyouhadsentinyourapplicationletteraweekearlier.題目：Whatdoesthewomanimply?答案：Themanmissedthechance.答案分析：女士肯定男士經(jīng)驗(yàn)與工作相關(guān)，但說(shuō)要是男士早一周寄申請(qǐng)信就好了，暗示男士錯(cuò)過(guò)了機(jī)會(huì)。長(zhǎng)對(duì)話聽(tīng)力原文W:Bob,doyouknowwhoIsawtheotherday?OldJake,lookingterriblydepressed.Didhegetpensionedoffatlast?M:Yes.Theymadehimretireafter50yearsatsea.Heisprettyupsetaboutit.W:Heisallalone,isn'the?M:Yes,hiswife'sbeendeadforyears.Theyhadonedaughter,Dories.Butshewentofftotownassoonassheleftschool.Andhehasn'theardfromhersince.Ihearsheismakinggoodmoneyasamodel.W:Maybesomeonecouldgetintouchwithher.Gethertocomebackforawhiletohelp?M:Idon'tsupposeshe'dcome.Shenevergotonwithherfather.Heisbitofatoughcharacterandsheisratherselfish.Oh,IexpectoldJakewillgetby.Heishealthyatleast,plentyoffreshairandexercise,youknow.W:Yes,couldbe.Hemighttakeupgardening.That'sbeengoodforpeopleofhisage.M:Yes,maybe.Thetroubleishe'sbeenontheoceanformostofhislife.He'llhardlyknowwhattodowithhimself.W:Hecouldgofishingbythelake.M:He'dlikethat.Buthecan'tgetaboutinawheelchair.He'dneedsomebodytohelphimgetoutofthehouse.1.題目：WhydoesoldJakelookterriblydepressed?答案：Hehasbeenforcedtoretire.答案分析：女士說(shuō)老杰克看起來(lái)很沮喪，男士回答說(shuō)他在海上工作50年后被強(qiáng)制退休了，所以他很沮喪。2.題目：WhatdowelearnaboutJake'sdaughter?答案：Shehasnotgotonwithherfather.答案分析：男士提到杰克的女兒和父親關(guān)系不好，她很自私，所以不太可能回來(lái)幫忙。短文聽(tīng)力聽(tīng)力原文Arecentstudyshowsthatmeatconsumptionisoneofthemainwaysthathumancandamagetheenvironment,secondonlytotheuseofmotorvehicles.Sohowcaneatingmeathaveanegativeeffectontheenvironment?Forastart,allanimalsmustbefedandthatrequiresalotofcrops.Buttheprocessofgrowingcropsforanimalfeedemitsmuchgreenhousegas.It'struethatraisinglivestockcanproduceorganicfertilizer.Yetmanyfarmerstodaystruggletofindplacestostorethefertilizer.Moreover,tofeedsomanyanimals,farmersneedtoproducemoreandmoregrains.Farmersusuallyusemanychemicalstocontrolweedsandpests.Thesechemicalspollutewaterresourcesandharmtheenvironment.Also,cattleandsheepproducealotofmethane,whichisanotherdangerousgreenhousegas.Andthenthere'stransport:bringingtheanimalstomarketrequiresfuel.Whentheanimalsarekilled,thetransportandstorageofthemeatalsousealotofenergy.1.題目：Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?答案：Theenvironmentalimpactofmeatconsumption.答案分析：文章開(kāi)頭指出肉類消費(fèi)是人類破壞環(huán)境的主要方式之一，接著闡述了吃肉對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生負(fù)面影響的多方面原因，所以主要談?wù)摰氖侨忸愊M(fèi)對(duì)環(huán)境的影響。2.題目：Whatdoesthespeakersayaboutgrowingcropsforanimalfeed?答案：Itemitsmuchgreenhousegas.答案分析：文中明確提到為動(dòng)物飼料種植作物的過(guò)程會(huì)排放大量溫室氣體。閱讀理解選詞填空原文Youprobablyknowthatsleepisimportantforgoodhealth.Butwhatyoumaynotknowisthatgettingenoughsleepcanalsohelpyoulookyourbest.Lackofsleepcanleadtodarkcirclesunderyoureyes,andevenprematurewrinkles.Sleephelpsyourskintorepairitself.Duringsleep,yourbodyproducesmoreofahormonecalledhumangrowthhormone(HGH),whichisimportantforcellrepairandregeneration.Thismeansthatwhileyou'resleeping,yourskincellsarebusyrepairingandrenewingthemselves.Buthowmuchsleepdoyouneedtolookyourbest?Formostadults,7to9hoursofsleeppernightisrecommended.However,somepeoplemayneedmoreorlesssleepdependingontheirindividualneeds.It'salsoimportanttoestablisharegularsleepschedule.Goingtobedandwakingupatthesametimeeverydaycanhelpregulateyourbody'sinternalclock,makingiteasierforyoutofallasleepandwakeupfeelingrefreshed.Inadditiontogettingenoughsleep,thereareotherthingsyoucandotoimproveyourskin'sappearance.Eatingahealthydiet,drinkingplentyofwater,andavoidingsmokingandexcessivealcoholconsumptioncanallcontributetohealthy,glowingskin.題目及答案1.Theword“premature”inParagraph1isclosestinmeaningto_.答案：early答案分析：“prematurewrinkles”指過(guò)早出現(xiàn)的皺紋，“early”意思最接近。2.Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesHGHdo?答案：Itisimportantforcellrepairandregeneration.答案分析：文中提到“humangrowthhormone(HGH),whichisimportantforcellrepairandregeneration”。3.Howmanyhoursofsleepisrecommendedformostadults?答案：7to9hours.答案分析：原文明確提到“Formostadults,7to9hoursofsleeppernightisrecommended”。長(zhǎng)篇閱讀原文PassageATheImportanceofRecyclingRecyclingisanessentialpracticethathelpstoconservenaturalresources,reducepollution,andsaveenergy.Whenwerecyclematerialssuchaspaper,plastic,glass,andmetal,weareabletoreusetheminsteadofextractingnewrawmaterialsfromtheearth.Thisnotonlyreducesthedemandforvirginresourcesbutalsominimizestheenvironmentalimpactassociatedwiththeirextractionandprocessing.Forexample,recyclingpapersavestrees,whichareavitalpartofourecosystem.Treesabsorbcarbondioxide,agreenhousegasthatcontributestoglobalwarming,andreleaseoxygenintotheatmosphere.Byrecyclingpaper,wecanhelptopreserveforestsandreducetheamountofcarbondioxideintheair.Recyclingalsoplaysacrucialroleinreducingpollution.Whenwasteissenttolandfills,itcanreleaseharmfulchemicalsandgasesintotheenvironment.Thesepollutantscancontaminatesoil,water,andair,posingathreattohumanhealthandtheenvironment.Byrecycling,wecandivertwastefromlandfillsandpreventthesepollutantsfrombeingreleased.Inadditiontoconservingresourcesandreducingpollution,recyclingcanalsosaveenergy.Theprocessofmanufacturingproductsfromrecycledmaterialsgenerallyrequireslessenergythanproducingthemfromvirginmaterials.Forinstance,makingaluminumcansfromrecycledaluminumuses95%lessenergythanproducingthemfrombauxiteore.PassageBTheChallengesofRecyclingWhilerecyclingisanimportantpractice,italsofacesseveralchallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesisthelackofawarenessamongthepublic.Manypeoplearenotfullyinformedaboutthebenefitsofrecyclingorhowtorecycleproperly.Thiscanleadtoconfusionandlowparticipationratesinrecyclingprograms.Anotherchallengeisthecomplexityoftherecyclingprocess.Differentmaterialsrequiredifferentrecyclingmethods,anditcanbedifficultforpeopletounderstandwhichmaterialscanberecycledandhowtopreparethemforrecycling.Forexample,someplasticscanonlyberecycledincertainfacilities,andotherscannotberecycledatall.Thecostofrecyclingisalsoasignificantchallenge.Recyclingrequiresspecializedequipmentandfacilities,andthecostofoperatingthesefacilitiescanbehigh.Insomecases,thecostofrecyclingmaybehigherthanthecostofdisposingofwasteinlandfills.Thiscanmakeitdifficultformunicipalitiesandrecyclingcompaniestojustifytheinvestmentinrecyclinginfrastructure.題目及答案1.WhatisthemainideaofPassageA?答案：Theimportanceofrecyclinginconservingresources,reducingpollutionandsavingenergy.答案分析：文章開(kāi)頭點(diǎn)明主旨，接著分別從節(jié)約資源、減少污染和節(jié)省能源三個(gè)方面闡述了回收利用的重要性。2.AccordingtoPassageA,howdoesrecyclingpaperhelptheenvironment?答案：Itsavestreesandreducestheamountofcarbondioxideintheair.答案分析：文中提到回收紙張可以拯救樹(shù)木，樹(shù)木能吸收二氧化碳釋放氧氣，從而減少空氣中二氧化碳含量。3.WhatarethemainchallengesofrecyclingmentionedinPassageB?答案：Lackofpublicawareness,complexityoftherecyclingprocessandhighcost.答案分析：文章明確指出回收利用面臨公眾缺乏意識(shí)、回收過(guò)程復(fù)雜和成本高這三個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)。仔細(xì)閱讀原文Inthepastdecade,manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—habits—amongconsumers.Thesehabitshavehelpedcompaniesearnbillionsofdollarswhencustomerseatsnacks,applylotionsandwipecountersalmostwithoutthinking,ofteninresponsetoacarefullydesignedsetofdailycues.“Therearefundamentalpublichealthproblems,likedirtyhandsinsteadofasoaphabit,thatremainkillersonlybecausewecan'tfigureouthowtochangepeople'shabits,”saidDr.Curtis,thedirectoroftheHygieneCenterattheLondonSchoolofHygiene&TropicalMedicine.“Wewantedtolearnfromprivateindustryhowtocreatenewbehaviorsthathappenautomatically.”ThecompaniesthatDr.Curtisturnedto—Procter&Gamble,Colgate-PalmoliveandUnilever—hadinvestedhundredsofmillionsofdollarsfindingthesubtlecuesinconsumers'livesthatcorporationscouldusetointroducenewroutines.Ifyoulookhardenough,you'llfindthatmanyoftheproductsweuseeveryday—chewinggums,skinmoisturizers,disinfectingwipes,airfresheners,waterpurifiers,healthsnacks,teethwhiteners,fabricsofteners,vitamins—areresultsofmanufacturedhabits.Acenturyago,fewpeopleregularlybrushedtheirteethmultipletimesaday.Today,becauseofcannyadvertisingandpublichealthcampaigns,manyAmericanshabituallygivetheirpearlywhitesacavity-preventingscrubtwiceaday,oftenwithColgate,Crestoroneoftheotherbrands.Afewdecadesago,manypeopledidn'tdrinkwateroutsideofameal.Thenbeveragecompaniesstartedbottlingtheproductionoffar-offsprings,andnowofficeworkersunthinkinglysipbottledwateralldaylong.Chewinggum,onceboughtprimarilybyadolescentboys,isnowfeaturedincommercialsasabreathfreshenerandteethcleanserforuseafterameal.Skinmoisturizersareadvertisedaspartofmorningbeautyrituals,slippedinbetweenhairbrushingandputtingonmakeup.1.Accordingtothepassage,whathavecompaniesperfectedinthepastdecade?答案：Theartofcreatingautomaticbehaviorsamongconsumers.答案分析：文章首句提到“manycompanieshadperfectedtheartofcreatingautomaticbehaviors—hab