高三閱讀理解專題主旨大意Learningaims：熟悉題目設(shè)問方式尋找主題句的方法干擾項(xiàng)的設(shè)置FREDOENGLISHbasicknowledge

structureFREDOENGLISHTheleadThebodyExplanationof…Moredetailsof…Backgroundandrelevantevents??Payattentiontothetimeandtheplacebeforethepassage1.新聞報(bào)道newsreportFREDOENGLISH

SanFrancisco--ThenewiPhones,calledthe6sand6sPlusincludeanewrosegoldoptionandanewscreentechnologycalled3DTouch.

TheiPhone6Sand6SPluscomeinfourfinishes-silver,gold,spacegreyandrosegold-andcomeintwosizesthatmatchlastyear'shandsetsmeasurements.Thephonealsohasanew,muchfasterchipApple'sPhilSchillersaysisthe'fastesteverinaphone'.

ItwillcostthesameastheiPhone6and6Plus,from$199,andgoonsaleonSeptember25th.

….exampleleadbodyFREDOENGLISHDefinition(Introduction)Description(Explanation)ConclusionExamplesComparisonClassification2.說明文descriptivewritingFREDOENGLISHCooltemperatures,goldencolorsofautumnanddramaticeventsarejustthreereasonstovisitOregon’sWashingtonCountythisfall.Theseasonbringsalargenumberofplacestoseeandthingstodo.We’vecollectedsomeofthebestreasonswhyyoushouldplanatriphereinthecomingmonths.It’s

a

Harvest

SeasonAutumn

marks

the

height

of

the

agricultural

season,….

The

Colors

Are

ChangingOn

a

cool,

autumn

day,

the

rural,

agricultural

and

forested

scenery

of

Oregon’s

Washington

County

comes

alive

with

bright

red,

orange

and

yellow

leaves…

Bird

Migration

Season

Is

in

High

SeasonSeptember

and

October

are

busy

months

for

bird

watchers…Experience

Tree-to-Tree

Adventures

at

SunsetEnjoy

the

crisp

temperatures

and

rich

colors

of

the

season

at

Tree

to

Tree

Adventure

Park…

example5.Whichisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Somereasons

to

visit

Oregon’s

Washington

CountyB．Washington

County

Welcomes

its

Best

SeasonC．Charm

of

the

Colorful

SeasonD．Take

Adventures

in

the

Coming

AutumnFREDOENGLISHTopicArgumentsconclusionOpinionfactsexamplestheory3.議論文argumentationSupportingsentences論點(diǎn)論據(jù)結(jié)論FREDOENGLISH4.記敘文narrativeStorypresentationendingTimecluesInvertedtimecluessurprisinghumorousFREDOENGLISHpracticeWhatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Smokingisbadforhealth.B.Smokingwillincreasepollution.C.Smokingshouldbebanned.D.Smokingcancausefire.Smokinginindoorpublicplacesincludingpublicworkingplaces,publictransportvehiclesandsomeotherspecialoutdoorworkingplaceshasbeenbanned(禁止)inChinasinceJanuary2011.Shouldsmokingbebannedinpublicplaces?Ofcourse,itshouldbe.First,banningsmokingwillnotonlyhelpinsavingsmokersfromhealthproblemsanddiseases,butwill

alsobegoodforpassivesmokers.Next,banningsmokingwillputstressonsmokerstogiveup.Sinceasmokerispreventedfromsmoking.Atlast,smokingcigarettesaddstothepollutionoftheair,soifitisbanned,itwillhelpinsavingtheenvironmentfromfurtherdeterioration(惡化).題目設(shè)問方式段落大意大意：What’sthemainideaofparagraph1?What’sthemainideaofthetext?Whatisthetextmainlyabout?標(biāo)題:1.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

2.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?短文大意

短文標(biāo)題paragraphparagraphWholepassageFREDOENGLISH尋找主題句的方法結(jié)構(gòu)（位置）：句首／

句中／句尾詞匯（提示詞）：轉(zhuǎn)折／總結(jié)／重復(fù)詞／疑問句...FREDOENGLISH尋找主題句的方法Skill1FREDOENGLISH

Peoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.Somefeelthattheyhaven'teatenamealunlesstheyhavehadsteakorotherredmeat.Somepreferchickenorfishandeatoneortheotherateverymeal.Othersprefervegetablesandfruitsorgrains.Otherscouldliveonwhatwerecalledfastfood:ahamburgerorhotdog,Frenchfriesandasoftdrink.Whatisthemainidea?_____A.Somepeoplelikesteakorotherredmeat.B.Somepeoplelikefastfood.C.Peoplehavedifferenttastesinfood.D.Peopleshouldeathealthyfood.EX1Todaytheproblemofenvironmenthasbecomemoreandmoreserious.Theworldpopulationisrising,soquicklythattheworldhasbecometoocrowded.Weareusingupournaturalresourcestooquicklyandatthesametimewearepollutingourenvironmentwithdangerouschemicals.總結(jié)：該段為________結(jié)構(gòu)，主題句往往在______,有時在_______會重申主題，構(gòu)成_________結(jié)構(gòu)。段尾段首總-分總-分-總Themainideaoftheparagraphis________.尋找主題句的方法-skill(1-1)EX2Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?Tips:要特別注意上例中提到的besides,also,forexample

等連接語,這些連接語能幫助我們把握文章內(nèi)容的編排方式,領(lǐng)會文章的要點(diǎn),準(zhǔn)確全面地理解文章。

EX3

Somestudentspreferastrictteacherwhotellsthemexactlywhattodo.Othersprefertobelefttoworkontheirown.Stillotherslikeademocraticdiscussiontypeofclass.Nooneteachingmethodcansatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.

Whatisthemainidea?A.Somestudentspreferastrictteacher.B.Nooneteachingmethodcansatisfyallstudentsatthesametime.C.Somestudentsprefertodoworkontheirown.D.Studentsshouldrespectteachers.EX4FREDOENGLISH

Whenyouarepoor,youcanalsosayyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavesomethingelsethatcan'tbeboughtwithmoney.Whenyoumeetwithdifficulties,youcansayloudlyyouareveryhappy,becauseyouhavemorechancestochallengeyourself.Soyoushouldalwayssayyouarehappy.總結(jié)：該段為________結(jié)構(gòu)，主題句在______,往往出現(xiàn)在總結(jié)性的詞so,therefore,asaresult等之____。段尾分-總Thetopicsentenceis_________后尋找主題句的方法-

skill

(1-2)EX5

Somepeoplelikereading,andsomepeoplelikeswimming.Ihavemanyhobbies,suchasreading,skating,andtraveling.Infact,differentpeoplehavedifferenthobbies.MyfriendAnnstudiesveryhard.Soherhobbyisreadingallkindsofbooks.Tonylovesworkingwithherhands,andhishobbyisgardening.

總結(jié)：該段為___________結(jié)構(gòu)，主題句往往在______,如果段落中出現(xiàn)however,but,infact,actually等時，所在的句子往往就是________。中間主題句分-總-分Whatdoesthisparagraphmainlytalkabout?尋找主題句的方法-

skill

(1-3)EX6Skill

1可通過尋找________的方式歸納主旨大意,主題句可能在文章或段落_______,中間或______,所以我們可以掃讀文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和______,弄清文章或段落的________搜索主題信息。主題句開頭結(jié)尾結(jié)構(gòu)尾句尋找主題句的方法FREDOENGLISH尋找主題句的方法Skill2FREDOENGLISHEveryone

can

experience

anger

sometimes.

But

not

everyone

cancontrolitproperly.Tosomepeople,controllingangerseemslikethehardestthingintheworldtodo.Control

these

bytalking

to

yourself

in

your

own

mind,when

you

experience

unwanted

feelings.

By

talking

it

over

in

your

ownhead

you

can

work

out

how

you

will

best

deal

with

thesituation.Anger

control

can

also

be

achieved

bycommunicatingwithotherswith

honesty.You

can

effectively

train

yourself

to

respond

to

situations

without

getting

annoyed

about

things.

It

is

important

to

rememberitispossibleforeveryonetogetangry

and

therefore,controlling

it

is

the

real

challenge.

Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?A.Noteveryonecancontrolanger.B.Howtocontrolanger.C.Communicatingwithothersishelpful.D.Controllingangerischallenging.文中重復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞為關(guān)鍵詞，一般與主旨相關(guān)EX7FREDOENGLISHSkill

1可通過尋找________的方式歸納主旨大意,主題句可能在文章或段落_______,中間或______,所以我們可以掃讀文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和______,弄清文章或段落的________搜索主題信息。主題句開頭結(jié)尾結(jié)構(gòu)尾句Skill

2當(dāng)找不到全文的________時,抓住每段的________,和全文________詞，概括出全文中心思想。主題句主題句高頻尋找主題句的方法FREDOENGLISH尋找主題句的方法Skill3FREDOENGLISH

Moderninventionshavespeededuppeople’slivesamazingly.Motor-carscoverahundredmilesinlittlemorethananhour,aircraftcrosstheworldaday,whilecomputersoperateatlightningspeed.Indeed,thisloveofspeedseemsnever-ending.Everyyearmotor-carsareproducedwhichgoevenfasterandeachnewcomputerboasts（吹噓）ofsavingprecioussecondsinhandlingtasks.Allthissavestime,butataprice.Whenweloseorgainhalfadayinspeedingacrosstheworldinanairplane,ourbodiestellusso.Wegettheuncomfortablefeelingknownasjet-lag;ourbodiesfeelthattheyhavebeenleftbehindinanothertimezone.Again,spendingtoolongatcomputersresultsinpainfulwristsandfingers.Mobilephonesalsohavetheirdangers,accordingtosomescientists;toomuchusemaytransmitharmfulradiationintoourbrains,aconsequencewedonotliketothinkabout.

Ex.8However,whatdowedowiththetimewehavesaved?Certainlynotrelax,orsoitseems.Wearesoaccustomedtoconstantactivitythatwefinditdifficulttositanddonothing,orevenjustonethingatatime.Perhapsthedaysarelonggonewhenwemightlistenquietlytoastoryontheradio,lettingimaginationstakeusintoanotherworld.Therewasatimewhensomepeople’slivesweredevotedsimplytothecultivationofthelandorthecareofcattle.Nomulti-taskingthere;theirliveswentonatamuchgentlerpace,andinafamiliarpattern.Thereismuchthatwemightenvyaboutawayoflifelikethis.Yetbeforewedoso,wemustthinkofthehardtasksourancestorsfaced:theyfarmedwithbarehands,oftenlivedclosetohunger,andhadtofashiontoolsfromwoodandstone.Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence.71.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?Thepresentandpasttimes.Machineryandhumanbeings.C.Imaginationsandinventions.D.Moderntechnologyanditsinfluence.P1:Moderninventionshavespeededuppeople’slivesamazingly.P3:However,whatdowedowiththetimewehavesaved?P4:Modernmachineryhasfreedpeoplefromthatprimitiveexistence.P2:Allthissavestime,butataprice.

Mother’sDaywascoming,amanstoppedataflowershoptoordersomeflowerstobewiredtohismotherwholivedtwohundredmilesaway.

Ashegotoutofhiscar,henoticedayounggirlsobbing.Heaskedherwhatwaswrongwithherandshereplied,“Iwantedtobuyaredroseformymother.ButIonlyhaveseventy-fivecents,andarosecoststwodollars.”Themansmiledandsaid,“Comeoninwithme.I’llbuyyouarose.”Aftertheywentin,heboughtaroseforthelittlegirlandorderedflowersforhisownmother.

Asthey

wereleaving,heofferedtoridethegirlhome.Shesaid,“Yes,please!Butcanyoutakemetomymother?”

“Toyourmother?”themanwasalittlepuzzledbutdidn’tsayanything.Shedirectedhimtoacemetery,wheresheplacedtheroseonafreshlyduggrave.

Themanwasshockedandreturnedtotheflowershop,canceledthewireorder,pickedupabunchofflowersanddrovethetwohundredmilestohismother’shouse.Hehelpedagirlbuyaflowerforhermother.Hefoundherflowerwasforherdeadmother.Hesenttheflowersforhismotherhimself.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?Movedbythegirl,themansenthismotherthe

flowershimselfonMother’sDay.Amanhelpedagirltobuyaflowerforhermother.Weshouldoftenhelpothers.Weshouldloveourmothers.

Ex.9Heplannedtowiresomerosesforhismother.Skill

1可通過尋找________的方式歸納主旨大意,主題句可能在文章或段落_______,中間或______,所以我們可以掃讀文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和______,弄清文章或段落的________搜索主題信息。主題句開頭結(jié)尾結(jié)構(gòu)尾句Skill

2當(dāng)找不到全文的________時,抓住每段的________,和全文________詞，概括出全文中心思想。Skill

3當(dāng)找不到全文的________,而且段落的也沒有________時,就要概括出______主題，從而推導(dǎo)出文章的_______。主題句主題句高頻主題句主題句段落主旨尋找主題句的方法FREDOENGLISHdetailsParagraphideasPassageideaFREDOENGLISH干擾項(xiàng)的設(shè)置1.以偏概全2.斷章取義3.主題擴(kuò)大4.張冠李戴5.無中生有FREDOENGLISH

Smokingcigarettesisharmfultoyourhealth.Experimentsshowthatcigarettesmokingcancausecancer.Besidesthemostseriousandterribledisease(illness),cancer,cigarettesmokingalsocancauseotherhealthproblems.Forexample,itcangiveonea“smoker’scough”.Finally,studieshaveshownitiseasyforcigarettesmokerstocatchcolds.Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblekiller,cancer,smokingisharmful.Isitworthit?Whatisthemainidea?Smokingcancausecancer.SmokingisaterriblekillerSmokingisharmfultoourhealth.Anexperimentonsmoking某個具體事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)片面推出的錯誤結(jié)論某個具體事實(shí)或細(xì)節(jié)

Ex.10

TomstudiedfouryearsattheUniversityofParisanddecidedtoleavebeforehisgraduation.HetransferredtotheUniversityofBerlinandgraduatedwithhonors.HarvardLawSchooland,later,BostonCollegeprovidedhimwithanexcellentlegalbackground.HeispresentlyacorporationlawyerinMiami,Florida.

Themainideaofthisparagraphisthat______.

A.Tom,whohadstudiedatParisUniversitiesforfouryears,movedtoanotheruniversity.

B.TombecamealawyersincehisgraduationfromHarvardLawSchoolandlaterfromBostonCollege.

C.TomwasanexcellentstudentwhenhestudiedatBerlinuniversity.

D.Tomreceivedanexcellenteducation.細(xì)節(jié)細(xì)節(jié)細(xì)節(jié)

Ex.11practice

Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent.Onthe