Unit11RulesMatter!基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)Weshouldrespecttheoldandcarefortheyoung.the+形容詞表示一類人theold老年人；theyoung年輕人Taketurnstoplay,OK?turn:輪流；轉(zhuǎn)彎；改變短語：taketurntodosth輪流做……turnleft向左轉(zhuǎn)；turnleft向右轉(zhuǎn)turn…into=change…into把……轉(zhuǎn)變成……Pleasekeepthebooksinorder.keepsthinorder使……井然有序That’soneofourclassrules....of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)...中的一個(gè)；作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)OneofmybestfriendsisLucy.蘋果中有一個(gè)綠色的。Oneofthe_________green.這些男孩當(dāng)中有一個(gè)很擅長數(shù)學(xué)。Oneof______________goodatmath.長江是世界最長的河流之一。Changjiang_________oneofthelongest________intheworld.Youarenewtoourschool.Iforgottotellyouaboutthat.forgettodosth忘記去做某事（沒做）forgetdoingsth忘記做過某事（已經(jīng)做了）He________________________again.他又忘記做作業(yè)了。I____________thedooralready.我忘記我已經(jīng)關(guān)了門的。Letmesee.etoschoolontime.Letmesee=Letmehavealook.ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)Weshouldhandinthehomework__________.intime及時(shí)Wetookhimtothehospital_________,orhewoulddie.So,Imustsaysorrytoyou.say......sb對某人說...sayhellotosb......問好saygoodbyetosb向...告別saysorrytosb向...道歉Thankyoufortellingmeabouttherules.thanksfor(doing)sth為(做了)某事而感謝某人thanks=thanksb感謝某人感謝你的幫助。______________________________=______________________________Somelibrariesofferbookclubsforchildren.offersthfor/tosb=offersbsth為...主動(dòng)提供=providesb.withsth.=providesth.forsb.為……提供……Childrencansharetheirstoriestogetherandenjoythemselves.enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得開心后跟動(dòng)詞，要加ingGohomeatonceafterschool.atonce=rightnow/away立刻，馬上AloneatHomealone:adj.獨(dú)自一人，強(qiáng)調(diào)客觀上一個(gè)人lonely:adj.孤獨(dú)的，強(qiáng)調(diào)內(nèi)心的感覺；也可譯為荒涼的，偏僻的Helives_______inasmallvillage,buthedoesn’tfeel_______.Idecidednottoanswerthedoorandwentbacktodomyhomework.decide(not)todosth決定(不)去做...decide的名詞為decision短語做一個(gè)決定：makeadecision我決定好好學(xué)習(xí)。________________________gobacktodosth回去做...Weshouldfollowtherulesbecausetheycanbringusadvantages.followtherules=obeytherules遵守規(guī)則breaktherules打破規(guī)則bringsb.sth.=bringsth.tosb.給某人帶來某物I’mhappytohearfromyou.behappytodosth.做某事很開心behappyaboutsth.對某事滿意hearfrom==getaletterfrom收到...的來信soweshouldkeeptheminmindandfollowthem.keepsth.inmind把……記在心里putthewasteintothewastecans.put...into...把...放進(jìn)...Takecareofyourchildrenunder10yearsold.takecareof=lookafter=carefor照顧takegoodcareof=lookafter...well好好照顧Thehousewasinabigmessaftertheparty.mess混亂;雜亂inabigmess一片狼藉makeamess弄得一團(tuán)糟Ourparentsgotreallyangryanddecidedtomakesomenewfamilyrules.get/beangry生氣beangrywithsb.生某人的氣be/getangryaboutsth對某事生氣makesb.angry使某人生氣Thenewrulessaywecan’tmaketoomuchnoise.toomuch+不可數(shù)太多...toomany+可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)太多...muchtoo太后跟adj或advWepromisetofollowthenewrulesandtryourbestnottobreakthem.①promise：v承諾；n諾言promisetodosth.承諾去做某事promisenottodosth承諾(不)做...makea/one'spromise許下諾言keepa/one’spromise信守諾言breaka/one’spromise違背諾言②tryone'sbest(not)todosth.盡某人最大的努力(不)去做某事=doone'sbest（not）todosth.TodayI'mgoingtotalkaboutdifferenttrafficrulesintheworld.?talkto/withsb和某人談?wù)?talkaboutsth談?wù)撃呈耊henyoudoso,youwillgetafineupto500Singaporedollars.when+完整的句子=when+ving拓展：while+完整的句子=while+vingbefore+完整的句子=before+vingafter+完整的句子=after+vingRemembernottorideabikeafterdrinkinginJapan.remembertodosth記得去做...(未做)否定：remembernottodosth.?rememberdoingsth記得做過...(已做)eChinesethinkoffoodasanimprotantpartofourlives.thinkof…as…把……當(dāng)作……Alwayswaitfortheeldersorotherstotrythedishesfirst.wait等待waitforsb等待……can'twaittodosth迫不及待做……Neverpointatpeoplewithchopsticks.pointat指著某人一般指對象pointto指向……一般指方向XiaoFengteachesherselfFrench,andJimteacheshimselfChinese.?teachoneselfsth自學(xué)...=learnsthbyoneselfPeopleshouldalwayskeeptrafficrulesinmindbecausetheyaregoodforothersandthemselves.begoodfor對...有益begoodto=befriendlyto=bekindto對……友好begoodwith善于應(yīng)付……begoodat擅長做……語法知識(shí)反身代詞定義：反身代詞譯為“某人自己”，表示動(dòng)作行為反射到行為執(zhí)行者本身，為加強(qiáng)語氣，也常譯為“親自”、“自己”。反身代詞的用法：①作賓語：當(dāng)賓語與主語是同一主體時(shí)，賓語用反身代詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)“某人自己”。①Takecareofyourself.照顧好你自己。②Takecare,oryou'llhurtyourself.小心，否則你就會(huì)傷著自己。③Lindaboughtherselfadress.琳達(dá)給自己買了一條裙子。注意:反身代詞與它所指代的名詞或代詞形成互指關(guān)系，在人稱、性質(zhì)、數(shù)上保持一致。②作賓語或主語的同位語：即為賓語或主語本人/本身。①Thestoryitselfisinteresting.這故事本身很有趣。②Myparentsthemselvesareteacher.我父母自己就是老師。③作表語：當(dāng)表語與主語是同一主體時(shí)，表語用反身代詞。①M(fèi)aryisnotherselftoday.瑪麗今天不舒服。②Iamfeelingmyselfagain.我感覺健康如初。③Justbeyourself,Tom.做你自己，湯姆。（祈使句省略主語you）反身代詞固定搭配byoneself=alone=onone'sown單獨(dú)，獨(dú)自enjoyoneself=havefun=haveagoodtime玩得高興helponeself(tosth)請隨便(吃/喝…)dressoneself=putonsth=wear=bein穿衣teachoneself=learnbyoneself自學(xué)makeoneselfathome不拘束talk/saytooneself自言自語keep...tooneself保密loseoneselfin...沉溺于...注意：反身代詞不能單獨(dú)做主語，但可以做主語的同位語，起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。我自己能完成作業(yè)。Imyselfcanfinishmyhomework.反身代詞表示“某人自己”，不能表示“某人的東西”，因?yàn)樗鼪]有所有格的形式。表達(dá)“某人自己的（東西）”時(shí)，須要用one’sown我用我自己的筆畫畫。數(shù)人稱代詞物主代詞反身代詞人稱主格賓格形物代名物代單數(shù)第一人稱我Imemyminemyself第二人稱你youyouyouryoursyourself第三人稱他hehimhishishimself她sheherherhersherself它itititsitsitself復(fù)數(shù)第一人稱我們weusouroursourselves第二人稱你們youyouyouryoursyourself第三人稱他們theythemtheirtheirsThemselves情態(tài)動(dòng)詞1.定義：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞是表示說話人的情緒，態(tài)度或語氣的動(dòng)詞。2.常見的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有：should,must,can/could,may/might應(yīng)該必須能夠也許3.觀察使用原則：①Ican,hecan,Tomcan,Lucycan...沒有人稱的變化②hemust,theymust,Tommust,TomandLucymust...沒有數(shù)的變化③caneat/jump/run/sleep....后跟動(dòng)詞原形情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞原形。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化。變否定:情后加notshould:應(yīng)該,常用來表示勸告和建議情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，后加v原型，無人稱和數(shù)的變化shoulddo應(yīng)該做...shouldnotdo=shouldn'tdosth不應(yīng)該做...一般疑問句:將should提到句首Youshouldseeadentist.(變否定)Youshouldnotseeadentist.=Youshouldn’tseeadentist.must1.表示必須、應(yīng)該 Youmustgohomenow.2.表示推測，意為“一定” Shemustbeathome.3.mustn't一定不要,禁止 Youmustn'tplayonthestreet.注意：Mustsbdosth的回答為Yes,sbmust.No,sbneedn’t/don’thaveto.否定回答不用mustn’t(禁止；不準(zhǔn))must?：表示必須、強(qiáng)制性的動(dòng)作或責(zé)任，帶有強(qiáng)烈的語氣。should?：表示建議或推薦，語氣較為溫和，不帶有強(qiáng)制性。should,must,can/could,may/might表示：表示說話人的情緒，態(tài)度或語氣的動(dòng)詞。常見的有定義情態(tài)should,must,can/could,may/might表示：表示說話人的情緒，態(tài)度或語氣的動(dòng)詞。常見的有定義情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟：動(dòng)詞原形情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無：人稱和數(shù)的變化變否定：情后加not情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟：動(dòng)詞原形情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無：人稱和數(shù)的變化變否定：情后加not使用原則使用原則must?：表示must?：表示必須、強(qiáng)制性的動(dòng)作，帶有強(qiáng)烈的語氣should?：表示建議或推薦，語氣較為溫和，沒有強(qiáng)制性must和should的區(qū)別完成句子Weshouldfollowsomerulesinourschool.（改為否定句）We_________follow________rulesinourschool.Youshouldkeepquietinthelibrary.（改為祈使句）________________inthelibrary.Wehavetrafficrulestokeepsafeontheroad.（對劃線部分提問）________________wehavetrafficrules?我們的老師總是讓我們按時(shí)到校。（完成譯句）Ourteacheralwaysasksustogettoschool_______________.should，rules，follow，the，class，we（連詞成句）______________________________________________________.TherearesomerulesatDavid'shome.（改為否定句）There_____________rulesatDavid’shome.Youshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney.（改為否定句）You________drink________hotteawithhoney.Remembertobringmethenotebook.（改為同義句）_________________tobringmethenotebook.IhearAnnieisanoldfriendofhers.（改為同義句）IhearAnnieisoneof_____old_____.telling，us，for，therules，about，thankyou（連詞成句）__________________________________________________________.Milliedecidetogohiking.（改為否定句）Milliedecide_______________gohiking.Mybrotherhurthisrightfootwhenplayingfootballlastweekend.（改為否定句）Mybrother_________________hisrightfootwhenplayingfootballlastweekend.Hewouldliketoprovideuswithsomehelp.（改為同義句）Hewouldliketo________somehelp________us.我瀏覽網(wǎng)頁找到了這些信息。（改為同義句）I____________________theInternetandfoundtheinformation.back，tidyup，went，to，I，thebedroom（連詞成句）__________________________________________________________.Ithinkthisisfair.（改為否定句）I______________thisisunfair.TheaccidenthappenedonApril26th，2023.（改為否定句）Theaccident_____________onApril26th,2023.Weshouldneverfightwithourclassmates.（改為同義句）__________________withourclassmates.Beforewecrosstheroad，wemuststopandlookatbothsides.（改為同義句）____________________theroad,wemuststopandlookatbothsides.這里的天氣很好。而且，食物也很好吃。（完成譯句）Theweatherhereisfine._____________,thefoodisalsoverydelicious.Elizabroketherulestosaveanoldman.（改為否定句）Eliza______________therulestosaveanoldman.Ishouldtakeexerciseeveryday.（對劃線部分提問）_____________________youdoeveryday?Don'ttalkinthelibrary.（改為同義句）You_______________inthelibrary.學(xué)生不應(yīng)該違反校規(guī)。（完成譯句）Students________________theschoolrules.隨著美食節(jié)的到來，學(xué)生們正在自己準(zhǔn)備一切。（完成譯句）Asthefoodfestivalising,thestudentsarepreparingeverything_________________.Theycancarryalotofbookstoschool.（改為否定句）They_________________alotofbookstoschool.Wehavetocleanthehouseafterbreakfast.（對劃線部分提問）_________doyouhaveto________afterbreakfast?你能幫我把這些衣服放進(jìn)洗衣機(jī)嗎？（完成譯句）Canyouhelpme_________theseclothes__________thewashingmachine?她答應(yīng)在朋友們度假時(shí)照顧他們的寵物。（完成譯句）She_____________takecareofherf