此卷只裝訂不密封班級姓名此卷只裝訂不密封班級姓名準(zhǔn)考證號考場號座位號此卷只裝訂不密封班級姓名準(zhǔn)考證號考場號座位號選擇性必修二Unit6Survival英語（A）注意事項(xiàng)：1.答題前，先將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上，并將準(zhǔn)考證號條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.選擇題的作答：每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑，寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。3.非選擇題的作答：用簽字筆直接答在答題卡上對應(yīng)的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)。寫在試題卷、草稿紙和答題卡上的非答題區(qū)域均無效。4.考試結(jié)束后，請將本試題卷和答題卡一并上交。第Ⅰ卷第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）略第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)（共10小題；每小題2.5分，滿分25分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AScientistsestimatethatover500millionspecieshavediedoutthroughoutevolution.Hereisalistof4incredibleextinctanimals.PintaIslandTortoiseThegianttortoiseofPintalivedontheislandPintaoftheGalapagosIslands,Ecuador.Bytheendofthenineteenthcentury,mostofthePintaIslandtortoiseshadbeenwipedoutduetohunting.ThelastknownindividualwasamalenamedLonesomeGeorgewhodiedon24June2012.Inhislateryears,hewasconsideredtherarestanimalintheworld.FalklandIslandsWolfTheFalklandIslandswolfwastheonlynativelandmammaloftheFalklandIslands.Theanimalwashuntedforhisbeautifulfur,andtheshepherds(牧羊人），consideringitathreattothesheep,poisonedhim.Ontheislands,therewerenoforestsinwhichthespeciescouldtakeshelter,anditslackoffeartowardsmanmadeiteasypreytokill.Thelastknownindividualdiedinthelate19thcenturyonthewesternisland.CaucasianWisentTheCaucasianwisentwhichwentextinctin1926inhabited(棲息）theCaucasusmountains.In1910theirnumberswereestimatedinthehundreds.WhenstateauthoritycollapsedaftertheFirstWorldWar,theremainingpopulationfellvictimtohunters.Thedeclinecanalsobecontributedtoanoutbreakoffoot-and-mouthdiseasethatwasintroducedwithcattle.TheJavantigerisanextinctsubspeciesofthetigerthatwasnativetotheIndonesianislandofJava.Verylittledatawasgatheredabouttheirbehaviorbeforetheyweredriventoextinction.Thereductionofitstwomainpreyspecies,andthemodificationofitshabitatledtotheextinctionofthesubspeciesinthe1980s.21．Accordingtothepassage,whichshowsthecorrectorderoftheanimals'extinction?①PintaIslandtortoise②FalklandIslandswolf③Caucasianwisent④JavantigerA．②③①④ B．②③④①C．③②④① D．③④②①22．WhichofthefollowingisNOTthereasonforextinctionoftheanimals?A．Pollution. B．Disease.C．Hunting. D．Habitatloss.23．Wheredoesthisarticleprobablycomefrom?A．Atravelbrochure. B．Anewsreport.C．Anaturemagazine. D．Abiologytextbook.【答案】21-23BAC【解析】本文是一篇說明文?？茖W(xué)家估計(jì)，在整個進(jìn)化過程中，超過5億種物種已經(jīng)滅絕。文章介紹了4種難以置信的滅絕動物。21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ThelastknownindividualwasamalenamedLonesomeGeorgewhodiedon24June2012.(最后一個已知的個體是一位名叫龍瑟姆·喬治的雄性，于2012年6月24日去世)；Thelastknownindividualdiedinthelate19thcenturyonthewesternisland.(已知的最后一只狼死于19世紀(jì)末的西島。)；WhenstateauthoritycollapsedaftertheFirstWorldWar,theremainingpopulationfellvictimtohunters.(當(dāng)?shù)谝淮问澜绱髴?zhàn)后國家權(quán)力崩潰時，剩余的成為獵人的受害者)；以及Thereductionofitstwomainpreyspecies,andthemodificationofitshabitatledtotheextinctionofthesubspeciesinthe1980s.(它的兩個主要獵物物種的減少及其棲息地的改變導(dǎo)致了亞種在20世紀(jì)80年代的滅絕)可知，B項(xiàng)順序正確。故選B。22.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PintaIslandTortoise部分的“duetohunting”；FalklandIslandsWolf部分的“Theanimalwashuntedforhisbeautifulfur”（這動物因其漂亮的皮毛而被獵殺）；CaucasianWisent部分的“Thedeclinecanalsobecontributedtoanoutbreakoffoot-and-mouthdiseasethatwasintroducedwithcattle.(這種下降也可能是由牛引起的口蹄疫爆發(fā)所致)”以及最后一段的themodificationofitshabitatledtotheextinctionofthesubspeciesinthe1980s.(其棲息地的改變導(dǎo)致亞種在20世紀(jì)80年代滅絕。)可知，污染不是這些動物滅絕的原因。故選A。23.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的Hereisalistof4incredibleextinctanimals.可知，文章主要介紹了4中難以相信的滅絕的動物，因此推斷文章出自自然雜志。故選C。BNursesplayavitalroleonthefrontlinesofthenovelcoronavirus(冠狀病毒）pandemic.ButashortageoftheseessentialhealthcareworkerscouldposechallengesincountriesdealingwithagrowingnumberofCOVID-19cases."OneofthelessonsIhopetheworldlearnsfromCOVID-19isthatwemustinvestinnurses,"saidWorldHealthOrganizationDirector-GeneralTedrosAdhanomGhebreyesusduringaspeechTuesdayincelebrationofWorldHealthDay.WHO'snew"StateoftheWorld'sNursing2020"reporthasidentifiedaglobalshortageof5.9millionnurses.ManyofthosegapsarefoundinAfrica,SoutheastAsia,theEasternMediterranean,andpartsofLatinAmerica.Amongregionsoftheworld,theAmericashavethehighestdensityofnursesat83.4per10,000people,followedbyEuropewith79.3nursesper10,000people.Incontrast,thereare8.7nursesper10,000peopleinAfrica,15.6nursesper10,000peopleintheEasternMediterraneanregion,16.5nursesper10,000peopleinSoutheastAsia,and36nursesper10,000peopleintheWesternPacific.Buttherearealsodifferenceswithinregions.IntheAmericas,forexample,countriessuchasBrazil,Canada,Chile,andtheUShaveahigherdensityofnursesatclosetoorover100per10,000people,distortingtheregionalaverage.Manyoftheneighboringcountriesintheregionhavelessthan50nursesper10,000people.InHaiti,thereareonly3.8nursesper10,000people.Whenbasedoncountryincome,datainthereportshowsanunsurprisingtrend:Thehighertheincome,thehigherthenursingdensity.Inlow-incomecountries,theaveragedensityofnursesis9.1per10,000people,whilethefigureforhigh-incomecountriesis107.7per10,000people.Buttrainingmorenurseswon'tsolvetheproblem,saidDr.GiorgioCometto,WHOcoordinatoronhumanresourcesforhealthpoliciesandstandards."Ifthecountrylackstheeconomiccapacitytoemploythemortocreateeconomicopportunitiesforthemtoworkasnurses...trainingmorenursescanjustgointothedirectionofmakinglabormarketimbalances,resultinginunemploymentamongnurses.Andthat'sahugewastageofhumancapitalaswellasfinancialresources,"Comettosaid.Thekeyisbalancingtrainingwiththecreationofemploymentopportunitiesinruralareaswherethereareknownhealthworkershortages.Thatmaybeeasiersaidthandone,especiallyamongcountriesthataresufferingfromchronicorcomplexemergencies,inactiveconflict,orstrugglinginthewakeofconflict.Butinthesesettings,theinternationalaidcommunitycanarrangeitsassistancewithnationalprioritiesandcoveringrecurrentcosts,suchassalaries,withinaspecifiedperiodoftime,Comettosaid.24．HowmanynursesareneededaccordingtoWHO'snew"StateoftheWorld'sNursing2020"report?A．6million. B．8.7Million.C．3.8Million. D．5.9Million.25．Fromthefiguresinthepassage,wherearenursesmostneeded?A．Africa. B．Haiti.C．EasternMediterraneanregion. D．SoutheastAsia.26．Basedonthecountryincomewhatdoesthedatainthereportshow?A．Thehighertheincome,themorenursesare.B．Thehighertheincome,themoredoctorsare.C．Thelowertheincome,themoredoctorsare.D．Thelowertheincome,themorenursesare.27．FromwhatComettosaid,weknowthat___.A．Itiseasytosolvetheproblemofshortageofnurses.B．Itisnoteasytosolvetheproblemofshortageofnurses.C．Trainingmorenursesisawaytosolvetheproblem.D．Theinternationalaidcommunitycanarrangeitsassistanceallthetime.【答案】24-27DBAB【解析】這是一篇說明文。護(hù)士在新型冠狀病毒的前線中發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。但是，這些基本衛(wèi)生保健工作者的短缺可能給應(yīng)對COVID-19病例不斷增加的國家?guī)硖魬?zhàn)。世衛(wèi)組織的新《2020年世界護(hù)理狀況》報告指出，全球護(hù)士短缺590萬。世界衛(wèi)生組織總干事譚德塞周二在慶祝世界衛(wèi)生日的演講中說:“我希望世界從COVID-19中學(xué)到的教訓(xùn)之一是，我們必須投資于護(hù)士。”24.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中WHO'snew"StateoftheWorld'sNursing2020"reporthasidentifiedaglobalshortageof5.9millionnurses.世界衛(wèi)生組織的新《2020年世界護(hù)理狀況》報告指出，全球護(hù)士短缺590萬。由此可知，全球大概需要590萬名護(hù)士。故選D。25.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Incontrast,thereare8.7nursesper10,000peopleinAfrica,15.6nursesper10,000peopleintheEasternMediterraneanregion,16.5nursesper10,000peopleinSoutheastAsia,and36nursesper10,000peopleintheWesternPacific.相比之下，非洲每10000人有8.7名護(hù)士，東地中海區(qū)域每10000人有15.6名護(hù)士，東南亞每10000人有16.5名護(hù)士，西太平洋每10000人有36名護(hù)士。以及第五段中InHaiti,thereareonly3.8nursesper10,000people.在海地，每10000人只有3.8名護(hù)士。從這些數(shù)字可以看出，海地是最需要護(hù)士的地方。故選B。26.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段中Whenbasedoncountryincome,datainthereportshowsanunsurprisingtrend:Thehighertheincome,thehigherthenursingdensity.Inlow-incomecountries,theaveragedensityofnursesis9.1per10,000people,whilethefigureforhigh-incomecountriesis107.7per10,000people.以國家收入為基礎(chǔ)，報告中的數(shù)據(jù)顯示了一個不足為奇的趨勢:收入越高，護(hù)理密度越高。在低收入國家，護(hù)士的平均密度為每萬人9.1人，而高收入國家的這一數(shù)字為每萬人107.7人。由此可知，數(shù)據(jù)顯示，收入越高，護(hù)士越多。故選A。27.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第三段中"Ifthecountrylackstheeconomiccapacitytoemploythemortocreateeconomicopportunitiesforthemtoworkasnurses...trainingmorenursescanjustgointothedirectionofmakinglabormarketimbalances,resultinginunemploymentamongnurses.Andthat'sahugewastageofhumancapitalaswellasfinancialresources,"Comettosaid.“如果國家沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)能力雇傭她們或者為她們創(chuàng)造經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會去當(dāng)護(hù)士……培訓(xùn)更多的護(hù)士只會導(dǎo)致勞動力市場失衡，導(dǎo)致護(hù)士失業(yè)。這是對人力資本和財(cái)政資源的巨大浪費(fèi)?！睆腃ometto的話中可以推斷出，護(hù)士短缺的問題并不容易解決。故選B。CTherearemorespeciesofbeetlesthananyotherformoflife.About380000speciesofbeetlesareknowntoexist,andmorearediscoveredallthetime.Thereareseveraltheoriesaboutwhytherearesomanybeetles,butfossilsevidenceshowsthatbeetlespeciesdieoutlessthanotheranimals,Beetlespeciesexistinsuchhugenumberbecausebeetlesaretruesurvivors.Theyrefusetodieout.Oneofthereasonsbeetlessurvivesowellistheirbodydesign.Mostbeetlespecieshavetwopairsofwings.Thefrontpairofabeetle’swingsarehardandthick.Theyarenotusedforflying.Theseprotectthebacksetofwingsandthebeetle’sstomach.Instead,somespeciesofbeetleshavelosttheabilitytofly,buttheyarestillequippedwithfrontwings.Thewingsprotectthebeetle’ssoftpartsfromharm.Thesefeatureshelpprotectbeetles,whichmakesthemlesslikelytodieoutiftheyarefacedwithnewpredators(捕食性動物).Beetlescanalsoeatawiderangeoffoods.Beetlespeciesliveallovertheworld,andtheyhavemanydifferenttypesoffoodavailabletothem.Mostbeetlesareomnivores.Thatmeanstheyeatbothplantsandanimals.Theirmixeddietshelpbeetlesadapttomanydifferenthabitats.Overthecourseoftime,foodsources,likecertainplantsandanimals,donotexistanymore.Othersspringup.Thebeetlesurvivesbecauseitcanfindsomethingtoeat,nomatterwhat.Finally,beetlesaregoodatmovingquicklyoverlongdistance.Anychangeinananimal’senvironmentcanbedangeroustoit.Forexample,manyspeciesdiedoutduringtheIceAge,whenEarth’stemperaturedroppedforalongtime.However,somespeciescanavoiddangerousenvironmentchangesbymovingtoanewplace.Researchshowsthatbeetlesrespondquicklytoshiftsintemperature.Theycanmovetosaferenvironments.Beetles’bodiesandhabitshelpgivethemanedgeoverothercreatures.Theyareunlikelytodieout.Asaresult,beetlesmakeupnearlyonequarterofallanimalspecies.TherearemoretypesofbeetlesonEarththantherearetypesofplants.SometypesofbeetlesthatexisttodaywerearoundduringthePermianperiodofhistory,284millionyearsago.Beetles,clearly,areheretostay.28．Whatisimportantaboutabeetle’sfrontwings?A．Theyareusedtocatchtheprey.B．Theyenablethebeetletofly.C．Theyhelpthebeetlemovequickly.D．Theyprotectthesoftbodyparts.29．Howdobeetlesrespondtochangesofhabitats?A．Theyareadaptabletothefoodchange.B．Theycanchangetheirbodytemperature.C．Theyareadaptabletothefreezingcoldweather.D．Theycanusetheirwingstofightagainstthecold.30．Whatisthemostprobabletitleofthepassage?A．TheIceAgeaffectedthebeetlesB．DifferenthabitatsaffectedthebeetlesC．Beetles:thesix-leggedsurvivorsD．Beetles:theuniquepredators【答案】28-30DAC【解析】這是一篇科普類閱讀。文章主要講了在物種的優(yōu)勝劣汰中，六條腿的甲蟲得以幸存的原因。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段Thewingsprotectthebeetle’ssoftpartsfromharm.（翅膀保護(hù)甲蟲的柔軟部分不受傷害。）可知，甲蟲前翅的重要之處在于它們保護(hù)身體柔軟的部分。故選D。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段Overthecourseoftime,foodsources,likecertainplantsandanimals,donotexistanymore.Othersspringup.Thebeetlesurvivesbecauseitcanfindsomethingtoeat,nomatterwhat.（隨著時間的推移，食物來源，如某些植物和動物，不再存在。其它的動植物不斷的涌現(xiàn)。甲蟲能生存下來是因?yàn)樗苷业匠缘臇|西，無論什么。）由此推斷出，對于棲息地的變化，甲蟲能適應(yīng)食物的變化。故選A。30．主旨大意題。第一段Thereareseveraltheoriesaboutwhytherearesomanybeetles,butfossilsevidenceshowsthatbeetlespeciesdieoutlessthanotheranimals,Beetlespeciesexistinsuchhugenumberbecausebeetlesaretruesurvivors.（關(guān)于甲蟲數(shù)量如此之多的原因有多種理論，但化石證據(jù)表明，甲蟲物種的滅絕比其他動物要少，甲蟲物種的大量存在是因?yàn)榧紫x是真正的幸存者。）是全文的主題句，結(jié)合全文內(nèi)容，可知這篇文章主要講了在物種的優(yōu)勝劣汰中，六條腿的甲蟲得以幸存的原因。所以這篇文章最好的題目是“甲蟲：六條腿的幸存者”，故選C。第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）I'masurvivorofatomicbombing(原子彈轟炸)ofNagasaki,Japan.IwasbornonDecember25,1944,sowhenthebombsfellonNagasakiandHiroshima,Iwasonlyninemonthsold.MyfamilywerenoteveninthecityofNagasaki.Wewereoutside.31．Therearethreewaysthatatomicbombscankillyou.Oneistheblast(沖擊波).Thatknocksdownallthebuildingsnearby.Thesecondisthefireball.32．Andthosewhoweretouchedbythefireballdisappearedimmediately.Andthethirdwayistheradiation(輻射).33．Irememberbothmymotherandmysisterweresickinbed.AndwhenIwassix,theydied.Whenmysisterdied,IheardherdoctortellmyfatherthatIwouldn'tlivetoseemytenthbirthday.SoIknewthatIwasnotgoingtolivelong.34．WheneverIgetasimplecold,Ithoughtthismightbetheendofmylife.Ialsofeltthatitwaswrongformetostayalive.Whydidmysisterandmymother,whowerewonderfulpeople,hadtodie?AndyetL,whoamnotworthy,amstillalive?35．Itkillseverythingonitsway.Itkillsslowlyandpainfully.IftheUnitedStatesisattackedwithradioactiveweapons,millionsofpeoplewilldie.IfNorthKoreaisattacked,Korea,Japan,partofChinaandevenRussiawillbeaffectedIwantallnationstocometogetherandstartfindingawayofgettingridofnuclearweaponsaltogether.A．ButIalwaystookgoodcareofmyself.B．Therewasahugefireballinbothcities.C．Therefore,Iwasalwaysworriedaboutmyhealth.D．Theradioactivedustwaswhatstartedkillingourfamily.E.Italwaysdoesmuchmoreharmthangoodtohumanbeing.F.Thisfeelingisthekindofweaponthatshouldn’tbeallowedontheearthG.However,radiationfromthebombingwentfarbeyondthecitylimitsandharmedus.【答案】31-35GBDCF【解析】這是一篇說明文。作者是長崎原子彈轟炸的幸存者，他用自己和家人的故事描述了原子爆炸所帶來的危險和痛苦。作者認(rèn)為原子彈這種武器不應(yīng)該存在于地球上。31．根據(jù)前文MyfamilywerenoteveninthecityofNagasaki.Wewereoutside.可知我的家人甚至不在長崎，我們在長崎之外。G.However,radiationfromthebombingwentfarbeyondthecitylimitsandharmedus.然而，爆炸產(chǎn)生的輻射超出了城市的范圍，傷害到了我們。符合文意，雖然不在長崎但是也受到了傷害，選項(xiàng)與前文構(gòu)成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)。故選G項(xiàng)。32．根據(jù)前文Thesecondisthefireball.可知其次是火球。B.Therewasahugefireballinbothcities.一個巨大的火球在兩個城市。符合文意，選項(xiàng)和前文話題一致，fireball是關(guān)鍵詞。故選B項(xiàng)。33．根據(jù)前文Andthethirdwayistheradiation(輻射).可知第三種方式是輻射。D.Theradioactivedustwaswhatstartedkillingourfamily.輻射產(chǎn)生的塵埃正是殺死我家人的東西。符合文意，選項(xiàng)和前文話題一致，radiation和radioactive是關(guān)鍵詞。故選D項(xiàng)。34．根據(jù)上文SoIknewthatIwasnotgoingtolivelong.可知我知道我活不久了。C.Therefore,Iwasalwaysworriedaboutmyhealth.因此我總是擔(dān)心我的健康。符合文意，前后句構(gòu)成明顯的因果關(guān)系，因?yàn)橹阑畈痪盟院軗?dān)心健康。故選C項(xiàng)。35．根據(jù)下文Itkillseverythingonitsway.Itkillsslowlyandpainfully.可知在這個過程中它殺死了一切，慢慢地，痛苦地。F.Thisfeelingisthekindofweaponthatshouldn’tbeallowedontheearth.這種感覺是這種武器不應(yīng)該被允許存在在地球上。符合文意，關(guān)系密切，選項(xiàng)中的thekindofweapon就是下文中的it。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。SurvivalintheAndesOnOctober13,1972,asmallplaneflyingtoChileaccidentallycrashedintoamountainintheAndes.Howsomeofthepassengers36toliveisoneofthegreatestsurvivalstoriesevertold.Thesurvivors37insidetheremains(殘骸)oftheplane,usingseatcoversforblankets,andwaitedfora38thatnevercame.Daysturnedintoweeks.Itwasurgenttofindawayto39.Threeofthepassengers—Canessa,Parrado,andVizintin—volunteeredto40throughthemountainstosearchforhelp.Whentheyleft,eachmanworesimilarclothes:threepairsofsocks,aplasticbagaroundeachfootto41thewaterout,boots,fourpairsoftrousers,andfoursweaters.Thethreemen42thattheywouldsurviveandbringbackhelp.Forpartofthefirstday,theyweregladtomakesome43.Butasthelandandweatherchanged,climbingbecame44.Afterseveraldays,theyreachedwhattheythoughtwasthetop.Theyhad45thismomentfordays.Ontheothersideofthetop,theyhoped,wouldbea46leadingdownandoutofthemountains.However,theysawthesamesnow–coveredtops.Allhopewasn’t47.Althoughtheywerestillinthemiddleofthemountains,Parrado48twolowtopsfarawaythatdidn’thavesnow.Iftheycouldgetthere,theywouldbeoutoftheAndes.Withinthefollowingdaystheywalkedtowardthetwolowtops.Snow49completely,andflowerswereeverywhere.“Thisisthevalley,”Canessasaid.“Thisistheway50.”Thenthingsofhumanitystartedtoappear—afewcansontheground,andsomefarmanimalsinafield.ByDecember21,theextremely51menmadeittothetownofLosMaitenes,andarescueteamwassentimmediatelyto52forthesurvivorswhowerestillhighintheAndes.Finallyalloftheremainingsurvivorswere53.Theirterrible54wasover.Theyhadmadeitout—55.36．A．learned B．managed C．decided D．expected37．A．stayed B．looked C．turned D．reached38．A．present B．danger C．message D．rescue39．A．prepare B．continue C．escape D．develop40．A．journey B．compare C．measure D．expand41．A．give B．bring C．take D．keep42．A．a(chǎn)dmitted B．promised C．informed D．reminded43．A．policy B．help C．progress D．a(chǎn)dvice44．A．narrower B．heavier C．sharper D．tougher45．A．imagined B．a(chǎn)rranged C．witnessed D．a(chǎn)ppreciated46．A．court B．valley C．border D．channel47．A．sent B．left C．lost D．woken48．A．spotted B．counted C．rejected D．mentioned49．A．declined B．froze C．spread D．disappeared50．A．behind B．out C．a(chǎn)part D．off51．A．tired B．disappointed C．frightened D．puzzled52．A．fight B．call C．search D．a(chǎn)sk53．A．listed B．treated C．picked D．saved54．A．performanceB．experience C．challenge D．exploration55．A．free B．cool C．a(chǎn)live D．crazy【答案】36-40BADCA41-45DBCDA46-50BCADB51-55ACDBC【解析】這是一篇記敘文。敘述了1972年10月13日，一架飛機(jī)在安第斯山脈墜機(jī)，飛機(jī)上一些乘客幸存下來，其中三名乘客自愿走出安第斯山脈尋求外界救援，并最終成功幫助其他人獲救的故事。36．考查動詞辨析。句意：一些乘客是如何成功活了下來，這是有史以來最偉大的幸存故事之一。A.learned學(xué)習(xí)；B.managed管理；C.decided決定；D.expected期望?！癝urvivalintheAndes”可知，短文主要敘述了1972年10月13日，一架飛機(jī)在安第斯山脈墜機(jī)，飛機(jī)上一些乘客幸存下來，其中三名乘客自愿走出安第斯山脈尋求外界幫助，并最終成功幫助其他人獲救的故事。managetodosth“設(shè)法做某事”側(cè)重于成功做某事，這里指成功的活了下來。故選B。37．考查動詞辨析。句意：生還者留在飛機(jī)殘骸里，用椅套做毯子，等待救援，但始終沒有成功。A.stayed待；B.looked看；C.turned轉(zhuǎn)向；D.reached到達(dá)。飛機(jī)失事，幸存者只有待在飛機(jī)殘骸里，才能保證自己幸存下來，符合常識。故選A。38．考查名詞辨析。句意：生還者留在飛機(jī)殘骸里，用椅套做毯子，等待救援，但始終沒有成功。A.present禮物；B.danger危險；C.message信息；D.rescue營救。由下文可知，三名幸存者自愿走出安第斯山去尋求救援，所以判斷出，這些幸存者，等待了一段時間，但是救援沒有來。故選D。39．考查動詞辨析。句意：最緊急的是要逃出去。A.prepare準(zhǔn)備；B.continue繼續(xù)；C.escape逃脫；D.develop發(fā)展。飛機(jī)失事，幸存者被困在安第斯山，所以當(dāng)務(wù)之急就是要找到出去的路。故選C。40．考查動詞辨析。句意：其中的三名乘客——Canessa、Parrado和Vizintin——自愿穿越山脈尋求幫助。A.journey旅行；B.compare對比；C.measure測量；D.expand膨脹。這里的journey指的是三名自愿者長途旅行去尋找救援。故選A。41．考查動詞辨析。句意：當(dāng)他們離開時，每個人都穿了相似的衣服：三雙襪子，每只腳上套上一只塑料袋以防止水進(jìn)入，靴子，四條褲子和四件毛衣。A.give給予；B.bring帶來；C.take拿走；D.keep保持。防止水進(jìn)入，所以用keep與out連用。故選D。42．考查動詞辨析。句意：這三個人保證他們會活下去，并找人來救援。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.promised承諾；C.informed告知；D.reminded提醒。promise“承諾”即表明三位志愿者對于完成任務(wù)的信心，也表示給予其他幸存者以希望。故選B。43．考查名詞辨析。句意：第一天的時間里，他們很高興取得了一些進(jìn)展。A.policy政策；B.help幫助；C.progress進(jìn)步；D.advice建議。由“glad”可知，他們?nèi)〉昧艘恍┻M(jìn)展。makeprogress“取得進(jìn)步”符合句意。故選C。44．考查形容詞比較級辨析。句意：但隨著陸地和天氣的變化，攀登變得更加艱難。A.narrower狹窄的；B.heavier重的；C.sharper尖銳的；D.tougher艱難的。由but可知，陸地和天氣的變化導(dǎo)致了攀登變得不順路，變得更加艱難了。故選D。45．考查動詞辨析。句意：他們幾天來一直在想象這一刻。A.imagined想象；B.arranged安排；C.witnessed見證；D.appreciated感激。由上文“

Afterseveraldays,theyreachedwhattheythoughtwasthetop”可知，幾天后，他們到達(dá)了他們認(rèn)為是頂峰的地方。所以這是他們一直在想象的時刻。故選A。46．考查名詞辨析。句意：在山頂?shù)牧硪贿?，他們希望有一個向下延伸且通往山外的山谷。A.court法庭；

B.valley山谷；C.border邊界；D.channel通道。山與山之間的區(qū)域是峽谷，也可能是通往外界的路。所以他們很希望能看到這樣的山谷。故選B。47．考查動詞辨析。句意：并非所有的希望都破滅了。A.sent發(fā)送；B.left離開；C.lost丟失；D.woken醒來。由下文可知，他們看到了低矮的山頂，所以并非所有的希望都破滅了。belost“迷失，丟失”符合句意。故選C。48．考查動詞辨析。句意：盡管他們還在山的中央，但帕拉多發(fā)現(xiàn)了遠(yuǎn)處兩個沒有雪的低山頂。A.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.counted數(shù)；

C.rejected拒絕；

D.mentioned提及。Spot“發(fā)現(xiàn)”有驚訝和出人意料之意。他們走了很多天，發(fā)現(xiàn)了低山頂，看到了希望。故選A。49．考查動詞辨析。句意：雪完全消失了，到處都是花。A.declined衰退；B.froze

使

結(jié)

冰；C.spread蔓延；

D.disappeared消失。由“

flowerswereeverywhere”可知，到處都是花，所以判斷出此地是沒有雪的，雪完全消失了。故選D。50．考查副詞辨析。句意：這就是出去的路。A.behind在……后面；B.out在外面；C.apart分散地；D.off走開。由前文“

Iftheycouldgetthere,theywouldbeoutoftheAndes.”可知，如果他們到達(dá)那里，他們就有可能走出安第斯上，所以走出用out。故選B。51．考查形容詞辨析。句意：到12月21日，那些極度疲憊的人來到了洛斯梅滕鎮(zhèn)，一支救援隊(duì)被馬上派出去搜尋那些仍然在安第斯山脈高處的幸存者。A.tired疲憊的；B.disappointed失望的；C.frightened害怕的；D.puzzled困惑的。由12

月21日可知，三個志愿者走了68天，所以他們一定很疲憊。故選A。52．考查動詞辨析。句意：到12月21日，那些極度疲憊的人來到了洛斯梅滕鎮(zhèn)，一支救援隊(duì)被馬上派出去搜尋那些仍然在安第斯山脈高處的幸存者。A.fight打仗；B.call打電話；C.search搜查；D.ask問。searchfor

“搜尋”。因?yàn)椴恢榔渌掖嬲呔唧w在什么位置，所以要去搜尋他們的位置。故選C。53．考查動詞辨析。句意：最后剩下的幸存者都得救了。A.listed列舉；B.treated對待；C.picked挑；D.saved救。最后，救援隊(duì)找到幸存者，所以幸存者被救了。故選D。54．考查名詞辨析。句意：安第斯山脈飛機(jī)失事的記憶將永遠(yuǎn)銘記在朋友們的心中，但就目前而言，他們可怕的經(jīng)歷已經(jīng)結(jié)束了。A.performance表現(xiàn)；B.experience經(jīng)歷；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；

D.exploration

探

測。幸存者被救了，所以可怕的經(jīng)歷結(jié)束了。故選B。55．考查形容詞辨析。句意：他們活著走了出來。A.free自由的；B.cool涼爽的；C.alive活著的；D.crazy瘋狂的。幸存者被救了，所以是活著走出了安第斯山脈。故選C。第Ⅱ卷第三部分英語知識運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（不多于3個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Theearthistheonlyplanetthatscientistsarecertainhaslife.Whatdoestheearthhavethattheotherplanetsdon’t?Foron