第10講Unit4Friendsforever（詞匯與閱讀）

Tirf【學習目標】

1.提前預習新外研版必修一Unit4的重點詞匯和閱讀

2,掌握中高考閱讀理解區(qū)別和題型解題技巧

3,掌握常見三種構(gòu)詞法

【基礎(chǔ)知識】

一.重點詞匯學習

1.familiaradj--------------------21.strikev.______________

2.prefervt.____________22.scarn.______________

3.deliverv.______________23.scenen.______________

24.unfoldv.______________

4.clickv._____________

25..ordinaryadj.______________

5.enablev.____________

26.hustlev.____________

6.tendv._____________

27.ashamedadj..____________

7.significantadj.

28.surroundings____________

8.advance._____________

29.personality____________

9.acquirev._____________

30.appointedadj.

lO.provev._____________

11.patiencen.31.thanksto_____________

12.unfortunatelyadv.32.atmosphere____________

13.inspiringadj.____________33.oughtto_____________

14.passionn.____________34.turnup____________

35.location_____________

15.generosityn._____________

16humorn._____________36.bitterly______________

17.qualityn._____________

18.distancen._____________

19.anxious____________

20.postponev.____________

重點詞匯答案：見教材詞匯表

二.重點詞匯解析

考點一：Mean(vt)meantmeant:意味著，意思是有…的目的，打算

(adj):吝嗇的；刻薄的，不善良的

Meantodosth:打算做某事

Hadmeanttodosth:本打算做某事

Bemeantfor...:注定適合...

Bemeanttodosth:應該做某事；意在做某事

Bemeanwith...:在…方面吝嗇

Bemeantosb:對某人吝嗇

1.Ididn'tmean(eat)anything,buttheicecreamlookedsogoodthatIcouldn'thelp

(try)it.

2.Don'tbemeanfabric(布料),otherwisecurtainswillenduplookingugly.

3.Whilesendingflowersasgifts,wecan'tchooseflowersarbitrarily(任意地),becausedifferentflowersmaycarry

different(mean).

4.Theearthisourhome.Wemusttakecareofit.Thismeans(keep)theland,waterandairclean.

Addpicturestoyourjournal.Eventhoughyourjournalismeantwriting,picturesarestillwortha

thousandwords.

考點二：Advance(n):進步，進展；前進，行進

(v):前進，行進；發(fā)展，進步；促進，推動

Advanced(adj):先進的，高級的；預先的，事先的

advancement(n):發(fā)展，前進；提升

Makeanadvance/advancesin...:在...方面取得進展=111@]^progressin...

Inadvance:預先，事先二aheadoftime

Inadvanceof:在…前面；(發(fā)展上)超前

Advanceon/towards:朝向...前進+across/through:前進穿過...

Nottoadvanceistogoback:不進則退

例2.【單句填空】

1.1haveworkedhereasatypistforaboutayear,andI'dliketohaveachanceof

2.Therewillbeadiscountonthecostofthe6weekEnglishcourseifyoupayadvance.

3.Chinaisbuildingtheworld'slargestearthquakealertsystemandifspossiblythemost.

4.當學生們在課前得知這一令人興奮的消息時，他們高興得跳了起來。

Whenstudentsweretoldtheexcitingnewstheclass,theyjumpedwithjoy.

5.看！一群孩子正向動物園前進。

Look!Agroupofchildrenthezoo.

考點三：Enable(vt):使可能；使發(fā)生；使有機會；使成為可能

Disable(vt):使傷殘；使殘廢

Enable...todosth:使…能夠/有機會做某事；使…做某事成為可能

Enen(v):

Enrich:使豐富

Endanger:使遭危險

Enjoyencourageshortenbroadensharpenstrengthen:力口強，增強

例3.【單句填空】

1.However,yourwillingnesstodealwiththeseproblemswillfinally(able)youtoworkthemout.

2.Inthepastfewweeks,to(courage)studentsfortheOlympics,alargenumberofuniversitieshave

beguntoofferacademiccredits(學分).

3.Technologicaldevelopmentsallthroughtheyearshaveenabledus(do)morewithlesseffort.

考點四：Remain(系v):仍然是，保持；(vi):逗留，不離去；剩余，遺留(不用進行和被動)；

仍需做(或說，處理)

Remains(n):剩余物，剩飯菜；遺跡；遺骸

1.Thepalacecaughtfirethreetimesinthelastcentury,andlittleoftheoriginalbuilding

(remain)now.

2.remainstobeseenwhetherJimwillbefitenoughtotakepartinthepetition.

3.Thispaintingwaspletedin1988andisoneoftheonlyfour(remain)piecesintheworld.

4.Whetherwecanraiseenoughmoneytocarryouttheprojectremains(discuss).

5.這聽起來是個好主意，可是它能否成功尚待觀察。

Itsoundslikeagoodidea,butwhetheritwillsucceed.

考點五：Tend(v):往往會，常常就；趨向，傾向，易于做某事；照料，照管，護理

Tendency(n):傾向，趨勢

Tendtodosth:常常會做某事

Tendto/towardssth:趨向，趨于....

Tend(to)sb/sth:照料…二attendtosb/sth

Haveatendencytodosth:有做某事的傾向

由例，

【單句填空】

1.Thereisawidespread(tend)thatmoreandmoreyoungpeoplechooseonlineshoppingratherthango

tostorestobuywhattheylike.

2.Wetend(have)abettermemoryforthingsthatexciteoursensesorappealto(吸弓I)ouremotions

thanforstraightfacts.

3.Somepeoplehaveanaturaltendency(pare)themselveswithotherswiththehopeofgetting

satisfaction.

4.他的工作是照看羊。______________________________________________________________

考點六：Present(v):展現(xiàn)，顯示；把…交給，頒發(fā)，授予；到場，出現(xiàn)；(n)：禮物，贈品；目前；(adj):當前

的，現(xiàn)存的；出席，在場(后置定語)

Presence(n)absence(n):

Presentoneself:展示自己

Presentsthtosb/presentsbwithsth:將某物授予/贈與某人

Atthepresenttime=atpresent：目前

Forthepresent=forthetimebeing:暫且，暫時

Bepresentat:出席....beabsentfrom...:缺席

In/duringone'spresence=inthepresenceofsb:在某人面前；有某人在場

In/duringone'sabsence:某人不在時

注2］例6.【單句填空】

1.TheOlympicSportsCenterisbeingbuiltpresentinthecityandissaidtobeopentothepublicin

2019.

2.Iwastheonlyoneinourclasspresentthemeetingyesterday.

3.Nomatterwhatcountryhevisited,hecalledontheruleroftheland,presentingvaluablegiftshim

toexpressChina'ssinceredesiretodevelopfriendlyrelations.

他把寶劍(sword)捐贈給了博物館o________________________________________________

考點七：Patience(un):耐心，忍耐力；(adj):patient(adv):patiently

Impatience:不耐煩，無耐心

Be/outofpatiencewith...:對…失去耐心/無法忍受

Havenopatiencewith...:對…沒有耐心，無法忍受...

Loseone'spatience:失去耐心

Withpatience:耐心地

Tryone'spatience:考驗某人的耐心極限

Patienceisavirtue.

例7.【單句填空】

1.Withenoughtimeand,gainingtrustandchangingwrongbeliefsispossible.

2.Inthefollowingweeks,Sallyworkedout10classrulesandpostedthemonthewallsoftheclassroom.She

explainedalltherulestothestudentsandrequiredeveryonetofollowthem.

3.Icalledhimseveraltimes,buteachtimehissecretarytoldmethathewasinameetingandthathewouldcallme

later.SoIwaitedandwaited,andwasgrowingwithnocall.

考點八：Anxious(adj):焦慮的，擔心的；渴望的(adv):anxiously:焦慮地，不安地

Anxiety(n):擔心，憂慮；渴望

Withanxiety:焦慮地

Anxietyabout/over….:對...的焦慮

Anxietyfor…:對…的渴望

Beanxiousfors/aboutsb/sth:為…擔心/擔憂

Beanxiousfbr=beeagerfor=bekeenon...:渴望..

Beanxioustodosth渴望做某事

Beanxiousthat...(should)dosth:渴望..做某事

8.【單句填空】

1.AccordingtoLifeinLikes,aschildrengrew,theybecamemoreanxious(get)morepublicapproval

(認可)。

2.Ithasbeenpointedoutthatwhatplaysavitalroleindrivingawayone's(anxious)isone'ssweet

childhoodmemories.

3.Jackstillcan'thelpbeinganxioushisjobinterview.

4.我進入房間時，她正在電話旁焦急地等待著。

WhenIenteredtheroom,shewaswaitingbythephone.(anxiety)

考點九：Strikestmckstnickstriking(vt):劃火柴；敲，報時；撞擊,碰撞；打擊；(災難,疾病)侵襲，爆

發(fā)；給…印象；打動，把…迷住；使(寒氣，恐懼等)侵入，進入；突然想到

(n)：罷工

Strikesb+介詞+the+身體部位：擊打某人某處

Bestruckby…:被…打動

Strikesbassth:給某人以…印象

Soone'sheart:使…進入某人心中,使某人感到…

Sthstrikessb:某人突然想到...

Itstrikessbthat/how/what...:某人突然想到..

Be(out)onstrike:在罷工

eouton/goonstrike:舉行罷工

9.【單句填空】

1.MrWills,whowashelpedupontotheplatformtotaketheprize,lookedasifhehad

(strike)bylighting.

1.ItstruckmewecouldadvertiseourproductsontheInternet.

2.Thenewsthatourteamhadwonthepetitionstruckexcitementourhearts.

3.Whenhesaidsomethingrudeaboutmymother,Iwantedtostrikehimonfacewiththepeanutbutter

andsandwiches.

考點十：Distance(vt):使與…保持距離；撇清與…的關(guān)系

(n):距離，間距，間隔；冷淡，疏遠

Distant(adj):遙遠的，久遠的；遠處的；遠親的(adv):distantly:遠地；冷淡地；遠親關(guān)系地

Distanceyourself(fromsth):撇清你自己(與..)

Inthedistance:在遠處，在遠方

From/atadistance:從遠處，離一段距離+of:+具體距離

Keep...atadistance:與…保持一定距離，疏遠，冷淡

Keepone'sdistance6*0111...:與...保持距離；疏遠，避免與...親近

Keep...atanarm飛distance:與...保持——臂的星巨離

Bedistant離...遠

例10.【單句填空】

1.Canyouseethemanthedistance?

Yes,Ican.heismyneighborMrSmith,whoisdifficulttogetalongwithbecausehealwayskeepseveryone

adistance.

2.Wecouldseenothinginthethickfogadistanceoffivemetres,sowegotlost.

3.Hishousestandsonahillandcanbeseenfromaoftwomileswhilemyhouseistenmiles

fromhis,andourtwofamiliesarerelated.(distant)

考點11Alive（adj）:活著，有活力；激動興奮（人/物可表可后定）living,live,lively

Living（adj）:活著的；在使用的（人/物前置定語）

Live(adj):活著的;（前置定語）

：現(xiàn)場直播的，現(xiàn)場演出的

Lively（adj）:生氣勃勃的，充滿趣味的（人/物可表，定，補語）

11.【單句填空】

1.Attheendofthetwoweeksofthesummercamp,thekidswillperformashow.

2.Airpollutionisstillthemostserious.Ifsbadforallthingsintheworld;butitisnottheonlyonekindof

pollution.

3.Earlyhumansgotthesalttheyneededtostayfromtheanimalstheykilled.

4.Thiscityonceasmallfishingvillageistodayaninternationalbusinesscenter.

5.Theriverwasoncewithfishes,butnowwefindnoneasaresultofpollution.

考點12：Worth(adj):(指行動)值得，有價值；(用well修飾)(表，后定)

：有…價值，值…錢；（n）:價值=value;價值...的東西

1：Sthisworth+n/pron:某事值得…

Sthis(well)worthdoing:某事(彳艮)值得

Ifswellworthdoingsth:做某事是很值得的

Sthisworthit.:…是值得的

2：sth/sbisworthyof+n:某事/某人值得..

Sthisworthyofbeingdone:某事值得做

Sthisworthytobedone:某事值得做

3：itisworthwhiledoingsth:做某事是值得的

Itisworthwhiletodosth:做某事是值得的

12.【單句填空】

1.Sometimeswedecidethatalittleunnecessarydangerisworthbecausewhenweweightheriskandthe

reward(回報),theriskseemsworth(take).

2.Thecarwasbeautiful,andIthoughtitwasworthwhileit.ButmyfriendJacksaiditwasnotworthy

of,becauseitwastooexpensive.(buy)

3.Theyoungdesigner,whosedesignforthebuildingwonaninternationalaward,isworthy

___________(respect).

4.參加這樣的活動是值得的。_______________________________________________________

拓展1:

Turnup:調(diào)大聲；偶然出現(xiàn)；到達，來到，露面；(尤指失去后偶然)被發(fā)現(xiàn)，被找到

1.Tomhadtoturntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.

2.Iturnedandsawapleasantwomanwithabigsmileonherfacewavingtowishmeasafetrip.

3.SuddenlywheatpenniesbeganturningonthesidewalksofNewYorkeverywhere.

拓展2：

Losetrackof...:與…失去聯(lián)系=losetouchwith..；.忘記；

Keeptrackof...:記錄；與…保持聯(lián)系二getintouchwith

Beoutoftouchwithsb(反義)keepintouchwith/beintouchwithsb

【真題演練】

I.Fillintheblankswiththewordsorphrasesfromtheboxbelow.Changetheformwherenecessary.

A.volunteerB.routineC.particularD.inspireE.challengeF.scene

G.reflectH.acquireI.typicalJ.uniqueK.domestic

1.Thecarvingsrepresentahunting.這些雕刻作品描繪了一幅狩獵的場面。

2.Thenewgovernmentsfirstistheeconomy.新政府面臨的第一項挑戰(zhàn)是經(jīng)濟。

3.Theoceanwouldmoreheatandlight.海洋會反射更多的光和熱。

4.Tedwasveryaboutthecoloursheused.特德對于他使用的顏色是非常挑剔的。

5.AuntMarytocleanupthekitchen.瑪麗姨媽主動要求打掃廚房。

6.Administrativepersonnelshouldalsosometechnicalskills.管理人員也應該學幾門手藝。

7.Thewindowhadbeenreplacedlastweekduringmaintenance.那窗在上星期的例行檢修中已被換掉

了。

8.Thissuccesswillmetogreaterefforts.這次成功大大地鼓勵了我下次更加努力。

9.ThispaintingisaworkofRembrandt（倫勃朗）.這幅畫是一幅典型的倫勃朗作品。

10.Maryisaveryinterestingpersonwhohasherinterpretationoflife.瑪麗是一個非常有趣的人，她

對生活有著獨特的理解。

【過關(guān)檢測】

A

Willitmatterifyoudon*ttakeyourbreakfast?RecentlyatestwasgivenintheUnitedStates.Thosetested

includedpeopleofdifferentages,from12to83.Duringtheexperiment,thesepeopleweregivenallkindsof

breakfast,andsometimestheygotnobreakfastatall.Specialtestsweresetuptoseehowwelltheirbodiesworked

whentheyhadeatenacertainkindofbreakfast.Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast,heorshe

willworkwithbettereffortthanifheorshehasnobreakfast.Thisfactappearstobeespeciallytrueifaperson

workswithhisbrains.Ifastudenteatsfruit,eggs,breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool,hewilllearnmorequickly

andlistenwithmoreattentioninclass.Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,peoplebeesohungryatnoonthat

theyeattoomuchforlunch,andendupgainingweightinsteadoflosing.Ybuwillprobablylosemoreweightifyou

reduceothermeals.

30.Thetitleofthepassageshouldbe.

A.theimportanceofbreakfast

B.theresultofatest

C.breakfastwillmakeyouclever

D.breakfastismoreimportantthanothermeals

31.Duringthetest,thosewhoweretestedweregiven.

A.nobreakfastatallB.veryrichbreakfast

C.littlefoodforbreakfastD.differentfoodsornone.

32.Thepassagementionsthatmanypeoplebelievethatifyoudon'teatbreakfast,youwill_______.

A.loseweightB.notloseweight

C.behealthierD.gainalotofweight

B

Everyoneneedsfriends.Weallliketofeelclosetosomeone.Itisnicetohaveafriendtotalk,laughanddoso

manythingstogetherwith.Surely,therearetimeswhenweneedtobealone.Wedon'talwayswantpeoplearound.

Butwewouldfeellonelyifweneverhadafriend.

Notwopeoplearethesame.Sometimesfriendsdon'tgetalongwell.Thatdoesn*tmeanthattheynolongerlike

eachother.Mostofthetimetheywillgoonbeingfriends.Sometimesfriendsmoveaway.Thentheyfeelverysad.

Wemissthemverymuch.Butwecancallthemandwritetothem.Maybewewouldneverseethemagain.Andwe

canmakenewfriends.Itissurprisingtofindouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem.

Familiessometimesnametheirchildrenafteraclosefriend.Manyplacesarenamedaftermenandwomen,ifthey

arefriendlytopeopleintown.Somelibrariesarenamedthisway.Soaresomeschools.Wethinkofthesepeople

whenwegototheseplaces.

There*smoregoodnewsforpeople,iftheyhavefriends.Thesepeoplelivelongerthanthosewhodon'thave

friends.Why?Itcouldbethattheyarehappier.Beinghappyhelpsyoustaywell.Oritcouldbejustknowingthat

someonecaresaboutyou.Ifsomeonecaresaboutyou,youtakebettercareofyourself.

33.Whichofthefollowingiswhatthewriterdoesn*tsayinthepassage?

A.Peoplearehappywhentheirfriendsleavethem.

BMaybepeoplewillneverseetheirfriendsaftertheirfriendsmoveaway.

C.Peoplecanknowtheirfriendsindifferentways.

D.Peopleliketheirfriendsverymuchiftheygettoknowthem.

34.Whichofthefollowingisthemostprobableplacepeoplenameafterfriendlypeople?

A.AhouseB.Aroom.

C.AvillageD.Alibrary

35.Thispassagetellsus.

A.thatpeopleareallfriendsB.thatpeopleneedfriends

C.howtogettoknowfriendsD.howtonameaplace

C

IcametostudyintheUnitedStatesayearago.YetIdidnotknowtherealAmericansocietyuntilIwasinjured

inacaraccidentbecauseaftertheaccidentIhadtoseeadoctorandgotocourt.

Aftertheaccident.myroommatecalledadoctorforme.Iwasverygratefulanddeterminedtorepayhimone

day.Butthenextday,heaskedmetopayhim$200forwhathehaddone.Iwasastonished.Hehadgoodreasonto

chargeme,hesaid.AndifIwantedtocollectmoneyfromthepersonwhowasresponsibleformyinjury,I'dhaveto

haveagoodlawyer.Andonlyagooddoctorcanhelpmegetagoodlawyer.Nowthathehadhelpedmefindagood

doctor,itwasonlyfairthatIshouldpayhim.

ButeverydayIwenttoseethedoctor,Ihadtowaitabout50minutes.Hewouldseetwoorthreepatientsatthe

sametime,andoftenstoptreatingonesoastoseeanother.Yethechargedme$115eachtime.Thefinal

examinationreportconsistedoftenlines,anditcostme$215.

Mylawyerwasallsmilesthefirsttimewemet.Butafterthatheavoidedseeingmeatall.Heknewverywell

theotherpartywasresponsiblefortheaccident,yethehardlydidanything.Hesimplywaitedtocollecthismoney.

HewassoirresponsiblethatIdecidedtodismisshim.Andhemademepayhim$770.

NowIhadtoactasmyownlawyer.Duetomyinexperience,ItoldtheinsurancepanythedateIwasleaving

America.Knowingthat,theyplayedfortime...andIleftwithoutgettingacent.

36.Theauthor'sroommateofferedtohelphimbecause.

A.hefeltsorryfortheauthor

B.hethoughtitwasachancetomakesomemoney

C.heknewthedoctorwasaverygoodone

D.hewantedtheauthortohaveagoodlawyer

37.Theword"charge“inthethirdparagraphmeans.

A.beresponsibleB.accuse

C.askasapriceD.claim

38.Boththedoctorandthelawyerinthispassagearevery.

A.friendlyB.selfish

C.professionalD.busy

D

JohnBlanchardwasstudyingthecrowdmakingtheirwaythroughthestation.Hewaslookingforthegirl

whoseheartheknew,butwhosefacehedidn't,thegirlwiththerose.

WhenreadingabookinaFloridalibraryayearbefore,Johnbecameinterestednotinthecontentsofthebook,

butinthenotespenciledinthemargin.Thehandwritingreflectedathoughtfulsoulandbeautifulmind.He

discoveredtheformerowner9snameinthefrontofthebook:MissHollisMaynell.

Helocatedheraddressandwrotealetterintroducinghimself.Thenextdayhewasshippedoverseastoservein

thearmy.Duringthenextyear,theygrewtoknoweachotherthroughthemailandtheirfriendshipdeveloped.John

requestedaphotograph,butsherefused,sayingifhereallycared,itwouldn'tmatterwhatshelookedlike.Whenthe

dayfinallycameforhimtoreturnhome,theirfirstmeetingwassuggested一7:00p.m.attheGrandCentralStation

inNewYork.

Shewrote,"You'llrecognizemebytheredroseIwearonmycoat."SonowJohnwasinthestationtomeet

thegirlwitharose.

Asaprettyandslimgirlingreencameover,Johnnoticedherblueeyeslikeflowersinspring.Hewalked

directlytowardsher,entirelyforgettingshewasnotwearingarose.AsJohncameclosertoher,hesawanother

womanwitharedrosestoodnearby.Wellpast40,thiswomanhadgrayinghairdoneunderawornhat.Seeingthe

girlingreenwalkquicklyaway,Johnfeltasifheweresplitintwo.

Hedesiredtofollowthatgirl,butlongedforthewomanwhosespirithadtrulypanionedandsupportedhim.

Thewomanlookedgentleandsensible.Johnwenttoher,sayingJTmCaptainJohnBlanchard.Youmustbe

MissMaynelLIamgladtomeetyouhere.MayItakeyoutodinner?^^

Sherepliedwithasmile,"Idon'tknowwhatthisisabout.Buttheladyingreenwhojustwentby,beggedmeto

wearthisroseonmycoat.Shesaidifyouaskedmeouttodinner,Fdtellyousheiswaitingforyouinthebig

restaurantacrossthestreet.Shesaiditwassomekindoftest!”

39.Johnwaseagertoknowtheformerownerofthebookbecausehe.

A.wasveryinterestedinthecontentsofthebook

B.wasimpressedbythenoteswrittenbyitsowner

C.wantedtoimprovehishandwriting

D.wantedtodiscussthebookwithher

40.WhathappenedtoJohnaftergettingintouchwithMissHollisMaynell?

A.Heservedinthearmyabroad.

B.Hewentoverseasforvacation.

C.HewentonabusinesstripinNewYork.

D.HevisitedMissMaynell.

41.Whatd