反意疑問(wèn)句反意疑問(wèn)句又可叫做附加疑問(wèn)句，由“陳說(shuō)句＋反意問(wèn)句”構(gòu)成。反意問(wèn)句的動(dòng)詞總是助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或be動(dòng)詞的某種形式，反意問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)用代詞充當(dāng)。基本原則是“前否后肯，前肯后否”。知識(shí)梳理1.陳說(shuō)部分具有must的反意疑問(wèn)句陳說(shuō)句部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞具有must時(shí)，must如表達(dá)“必須”，反意問(wèn)句用needn’t;如mustn’t表達(dá)“嚴(yán)禁”，其反意問(wèn)句部分用must。e.g.Youmustgettoschoolat8a.m.,needn’tyou?Youmustn'tsmokehere,mustyou?(2)“must+be”表達(dá)“推測(cè)”時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句部分用be的合適形式。如：Shemustbeastudent,isn’tshe?

(3)陳說(shuō)句的謂語(yǔ)部分是“musthave+過(guò)去分詞”時(shí)，假如這個(gè)構(gòu)造帶有一種表達(dá)過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，則反意疑問(wèn)句部分用did作助動(dòng)詞；假如沒(méi)有表達(dá)過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，則反意疑問(wèn)句部分用have作助動(dòng)詞。如：Theymusthavefinishedtheirworkyesterday,didn’tthey?Theymusthavefinishedtheirwork,haven’tthey?2.陳說(shuō)部分具有usedto和oughtto的反意疑問(wèn)句(1)陳說(shuō)部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是usedto時(shí)，用didn’t或usedn’t兩種方式反問(wèn)。e.g.Heusedtogoswimminginsummer,didn't/usedn'the?(2)陳說(shuō)部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是oughtto時(shí)，用oughtn’t反問(wèn)。e.g.Heoughttobepraisedforwhathehasdone,oughtn'the?3.當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分有neither,none,nobody,nothing,few,little,never,hardly,seldom等否認(rèn)意義或半否認(rèn)意義的副詞時(shí)，反意問(wèn)句應(yīng)用肯定形式。e.g.Nobodyunderstoodhisspeech,didthey?Hissisterseldomargueswithpeople,doesshe?注意:陳說(shuō)部分出現(xiàn)具有否認(rèn)意義的前綴或后綴的詞時(shí)，反意問(wèn)句仍用否認(rèn)構(gòu)造。e.g.Heisunfitforhisjob,isn’the?4.假如陳說(shuō)句的主語(yǔ)是表達(dá)人的不定代詞，如anyone,someone,noone,everybody,nobody,somebody等時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句的主語(yǔ)可用he，也可用they。e.g.Everybodyknowsthat,don’tthey/doesn’the?5.陳說(shuō)部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是dare,need時(shí)，假如作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,用dare,need自身反問(wèn)；假如作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞,則用do的合適形式反問(wèn)。e.g.Youdaren’tclimbtherock,dareyou?Thelittlegirldoesn’tdaretogoaloneatnight,doesshe?Weneedtohelpthem,don’twe?6.陳說(shuō)部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞have作“有”解時(shí)，可用don’t或haven’t反問(wèn)；作其他意義解釋時(shí)用do的某種形式反問(wèn)。e.g.Hehasn'tanysisters,does/hashe?Theyhavetoreceivestricttrainingbeforehand,don'tthey?7.具有賓語(yǔ)從句的反意疑問(wèn)句當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分帶有賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)與助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)和主句保持一致。e.g.Heneversaidshewouldcome,didhe?注意:當(dāng)陳說(shuō)部分謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是think,believe，suppose,expect,imagine且主語(yǔ)為第一人稱時(shí)，疑問(wèn)部分的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞均應(yīng)和賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)保持一致，且應(yīng)注意否認(rèn)轉(zhuǎn)移；但假如主語(yǔ)不是第一人稱，反意問(wèn)句則與主句保持一致。e.g.Idon’tbelievehewillsucceed,willhe?Marythinksyouwillcometotheparty,doesn’tshe?8.并列句的反意疑問(wèn)句則根據(jù)最靠近的分句來(lái)完畢。e.g.Weforgottobringourtickets,butpleaseletusenter,willyou?9.感慨句的反意疑問(wèn)句陳說(shuō)部分是感慨句時(shí)，一律用be或助動(dòng)詞的否認(rèn)形式反問(wèn)。e.g.Whatanaughtyboyheis,isn’the?Howhardsheworks,doesn’tshe?10.祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句祈使句的反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成，必須按其句子構(gòu)造及發(fā)言人的語(yǔ)氣來(lái)決定其反意部分，有四種形式。(1)祈使句的肯定形式，其反意問(wèn)句表達(dá)“請(qǐng)求”時(shí)，一般用willyou；表達(dá)“邀請(qǐng)，勸說(shuō)”時(shí)，用won’tyou。e.g.Besuretowritetous,willyou?Cometohavedinnerwithusthisevening,won’tyou?(表達(dá)“邀請(qǐng)”)Trytobebackbytwo,won'tyou?(表達(dá)“勸說(shuō)”)(2)祈使句的否認(rèn)形式，其反意問(wèn)句一般只用willyou構(gòu)成。e.g.Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom,willyou?(3)以let開頭的祈使句，構(gòu)成反意問(wèn)句時(shí)，除let’s用shallwe構(gòu)成外，其他均用willyou。e.g.Lettheboygofirst,willyou?Let’stakeawalkaftersupper,shallwe?11.反意疑問(wèn)句的回答反意疑問(wèn)句的回答，不是根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)習(xí)慣來(lái)確定用yes還是no，而是根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的內(nèi)容來(lái)確定，不管主句為否認(rèn)，還是反意問(wèn)句為否認(rèn)，回答時(shí)只看所提到的事情與否已/會(huì)發(fā)生。假如發(fā)生了，用肯定回答，否則用否認(rèn)回答。要尤其注意陳說(shuō)部分與否認(rèn)構(gòu)造，反意問(wèn)句部分用肯定形式時(shí)，回答的yes要譯成“不”，no要譯成“是的”。e.g.—Helikesplayingfootball,doesn'the?—Yes,hedoes.是的。

—No,hedoesn’t.不是。

—Youhaven’tseenthefilm,haveyou?—Yes,Ihave.不，我看過(guò)。

—No,Ihaven’t.是的，我沒(méi)有看過(guò)。從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.—IspenttwoweeksinLondonlastsummer.—ThenyoumusthavevisitedtheBritishMuseumduringyourstay,_____you?A.mustn’t

B.haven’t

C.didn’t

D.hadn’t2.Thereislittledoubtinyourmindthatheisinnocent,_____?

A.isthere

B.isn’tthereC.ishe

D.isn’the

3.Itdoesn’tmatteriftheywanttocometoyourparty,_____?

A.doesn’tit

B.doesit

C.don’tt