西城區(qū)高三模擬測試試卷英語本試卷共14頁，共100分?？荚嚂r長90分鐘?？忌鷦?wù)必在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答，在試卷上作答無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)（共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。TheelderlyresidentsatBrookdaleSeniorLivinghaveawealthofwisdom,buttheyfacechallengeswhenitcomesto

____1____.Tasksliketurningondevices,checkingemails,andfindingappswereoften

____2____,especiallyregardingcellphones.ThatwasuntilagroupofstudentsfromCanterburySchoolinFortMyers,Florida,decidedto

____3____.Afewyearsago,afterjokingabouthowdifficultdigitaldeviceswerefortheirgrandparents,AaronSmolyarandhistwofriendscameupwitha(n)

____4____.TheycreatedCLEO,whichstandsfor“ComputerLiteracyEducationOutreach”.Theirgoalwastoteachseniorshowtousemoderndevices,andthey

____5____

triedemailingBrookdaletopartnerwiththem.However,whentheydidn’treceivearesponse,theteensdecidedtotakeactionandsimplywenttothecenter,whichislocatednexttotheirschool.Theyofferedtovolunteertheir

____6____

toshowtheresidentshowtousetheirsmartphonesandconnectwithdigitalplatforms.Now,theCLEOvolunteersvisitBrookdaleonceaweek,patientlyhelpingtheresidents.Theyhavedevelopedclosebondswiththeseniors,makingalastingimpactontheir

____7____.JonathanSmith,aresidentatBrookdale,expressedhisgratitude:“Icouldn’t

____8____

howtotextapictureuntiloneoftheCLEOkidsexplainedittome.”TheCLEOprogramhasexpanded,withsixchaptersnationwide.Itsmissionisto

____9____

thedigitaldividebygivingseniorcitizenstheskillstoexplorethedigitalworld.Thevolunteersnotonlyteachtechnicalskillsbutalsoformmeaningful

_____10_____

withtheseniors.AsAaronSmolyarputit,“Idon’tthinkwerealizedhowmuchweweregoingtolearnfromtheseniorsthemselves.”1.A.

healthB.

fashionC.

technologyD.

creativity2.A.

engagingB.

confusingC.

stimulatingD.

rewarding3.A.

workB.

studyC.

waitD.

help4.A.

ideaB.

theoryC.

productD.

answer5.A.

proudlyB.

initiallyC.

deliberatelyD.

definitely6.A.

moneyB.

influenceC.

timeD.

attention7.A.

communitiesB.

careersC.

businessesD.

lives8.A.

relyonB.

checkoutC.

figureoutD.

lookinto9.A.

bridgeB.

assessC.

witnessD.

accept10.A.

impressionsB.

relationshipsC.

agreementsD.

expressions【答案】1.C

2.B

3.D

4.A

5.B

6.C

7.D

8.C

9.A

10.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了佛羅里達(dá)州邁爾斯堡坎特伯雷學(xué)校的一群學(xué)生幫助老年人使用技術(shù)，通過為老年人提供探索數(shù)字世界的技能來彌合數(shù)字鴻溝?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：BrookdaleSeniorLiving的老年居民擁有豐富的智慧，但在技術(shù)方面，他們面臨著挑戰(zhàn)。A.health健康；B.fashion時尚；C.technology技術(shù)；D.creativity創(chuàng)造性。根據(jù)后文“Tasksliketurningondevices,checkingemails,andfindingapps”可知，主要是技術(shù)方面的困難。故選C。【2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：像打開設(shè)備、檢查電子郵件和尋找應(yīng)用程序這樣的任務(wù)常常令人困惑，尤其是在手機方面。A.engaging迷人的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.stimulating使人興奮的；D.rewarding有益的。根據(jù)上文“theyfacechallenges”可知，面臨技術(shù)的挑戰(zhàn)說明對這些感到困惑。故選B?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：直到佛羅里達(dá)州邁爾斯堡坎特伯雷學(xué)校的一群學(xué)生決定提供幫助。A.work工作；B.study學(xué)習(xí)；C.wait等待；D.help幫助。根據(jù)后文“Theirgoalwastoteachseniorshowtousemoderndevices”可知，這些學(xué)生決定幫助老人使用技術(shù)。故選D?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幾年前，亞倫·斯莫亞爾和他

兩個朋友開玩笑說，他們的祖父母很難使用數(shù)碼設(shè)備，于是他們想出了一個主意。A.idea想法；B.theory理論；C.product產(chǎn)品；D.answer回答。根據(jù)后文“TheycreatedCLEO,whichstandsfor“ComputerLiteracyEducationOutreach”.(他們創(chuàng)建了CLEO，即“計算機素養(yǎng)教育推廣”)”可知，他們想出了一個主意來幫助老人使用技術(shù)。故選A?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他們的目標(biāo)是教老年人如何使用現(xiàn)代設(shè)備，他們最初試圖給布魯克代爾發(fā)電子郵件，希望與他們合作。A.proudly驕傲地；B.initially首先；C.deliberately故意地；D.definitely肯定。根據(jù)后文“triedemailingBrookdaletopartnerwiththem”以及后文“However,whentheydidn’treceivearesponse,theteensdecidedtotakeactionandsimplywenttothecenter,whichislocatednexttotheirschool.(然而，當(dāng)他們沒有收到回復(fù)時，這些青少年決定采取行動，直接去了位于他們學(xué)校旁邊的中心)”可知，最初的嘗試是給布魯克代爾發(fā)電子郵件，希望與他們合作。故選B?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們自愿花時間向居民展示如何使用智能手機并與數(shù)字平臺連接。A.money金錢；B.influence影響；C.time時間；D.attention注意力。根據(jù)后文“toshowtheresidentshowtousetheirsmartphonesandconnectwithdigitalplatforms”可知，展示如何使用智能手機并與數(shù)字平臺連接需要花費時間。故選C?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們與老年人建立了密切的聯(lián)系，對他們的生活產(chǎn)生了持久的影響。A.communities社區(qū)；B.careers事業(yè)；C.businesses生意；D.lives生活。根據(jù)后文“Idon’tthinkwerealizedhowmuchweweregoingtolearnfromtheseniorsthemselves.(我認(rèn)為我們沒有意識到我們可以從前輩身上學(xué)到多少東西)”可知，與老年人建立了密切的聯(lián)系對他們的生活產(chǎn)生了持久的影響。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：布魯克代爾的居民喬納森·史密斯表達(dá)了他的感激之情：“我不知道怎么用短信發(fā)圖片，直到CLEO的一個孩子向我解釋了這一點。”A.relyon依靠；B.checkout借出；C.figureout弄清楚；D.lookinto調(diào)查。根據(jù)后文“howtotextapictureuntiloneoftheCLEOkidsexplainedittome”可知，孩子解釋了如何用短信發(fā)圖片，說明之前弄不清楚。故選C?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它的使命是通過為老年人提供探索數(shù)字世界的技能來彌合數(shù)字鴻溝。A.bridge縮?。籅.assess評估；C.witness目擊；D.accept接受。根據(jù)后文“thedigitaldividebygivingseniorcitizenstheskillstoexplorethedigitalworld”以及上文“Theirgoalwastoteachseniorshowtousemoderndevices”可知其使命是通過為老年人提供探索數(shù)字世界的技能來彌合數(shù)字鴻溝。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：志愿者不僅傳授技術(shù)技能，還與老年人建立了有意義的關(guān)系。A.impressions印象；B.relationships關(guān)系；C.agreements協(xié)議；D.expressions表達(dá)。根據(jù)上文“Theyhavedevelopedclosebondswiththeseniors”可知，此處指志愿者與老年人建立了有意義的關(guān)系。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。A閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。Chinahasbigplansforspaceexploration.ThecountryismakingsteadyprogressinitsmannedlunarprogramandaimstolandChineseastronauts

____11____

themoonby2030,theChinaMannedSpaceAgencysaidonMarch3.Thedesignworkforkeyproject

____12____

(component),includingtheMengzhoumannedspacecraftandtheWangyulunarsuit,isprogressingonschedule.Thespaceagencyalso

____13____

(announce)plansfortwomannedspaceflightsthisyear—ShenzhouXXandXXI—aswellastheTianzhou9cargomissiontotheTiangongspacestation.Crewmembersforthetwoflights

____14____

(select)andareundergoingtraining.【答案】11.

on

12.

components

13.

announced

14.

havebeenselected【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了中國的太空探索計劃。【11題詳解】考查介詞。句意：3月3日，中國載人航天機構(gòu)表示，我國載人探月工程正在穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，目標(biāo)是到2030年實現(xiàn)載人登月。短語landon表示“降落”。故填on?！?2題詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：包括

“夢舟”

載人航天器和

“望宇”

月球服在內(nèi)的關(guān)鍵項目部件的設(shè)計工作正按計劃推進(jìn)。根據(jù)includingtheMengzhoumannedspacecraftandtheWangyulunarsuit可知數(shù)量大于一用復(fù)數(shù)形式作賓語。故填components?！?3題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：中國航天局還宣布了今年兩次載人航天飛行計劃——神舟20號和21號，以及前往天宮空間站的天舟9號貨運任務(wù)。動作發(fā)生在過去用一般過去時。故填announced?！?4題詳解】考查時態(tài)語態(tài)。句意：這兩次飛行的機組人員已經(jīng)選定，正在接受訓(xùn)練。主語Crewmembersforthetwoflights與謂語構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，且表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在的影響，用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)，助動詞用have。故填havebeenselected。B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。Staplefoods(主食)inChinatypicallyincludericeandnoodles.butsoonanewtypemayjointhelist:potato-turnedrice.Thisrice-shapedstarch(淀粉)product

____15____

(make)frompotatoes,isundergoinginitialproductioninZhaotong.YunnanUsinganewtechnology,this

____16____

(innovation)producthasthepotential

____17____

(turn)potatoesintoawidelyacceptedstaplefoodinChinahelpingimprovethecountry’sfoodsecurity.【答案】15.

made

16.

innovative

17.

toturn【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了昭通生產(chǎn)的一種土豆轉(zhuǎn)化大米。【15題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這種由土豆制成的米狀淀粉產(chǎn)品正在昭通進(jìn)行初步生產(chǎn)。此處make與product構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作定語。故填made?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：使用一種新技術(shù)，這種創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品有可能使土豆成為中國廣泛接受的主食，有助于改善中國的糧食安全。作定語，修飾名詞product用形容詞innovative。故填innovative?！?7題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：使用一種新技術(shù)，這種創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品有可能使土豆成為中國廣泛接受的主食，有助于改善中國的糧食安全。短語havethepotentialtodosth.表示“有可能……”。故填toturn。C閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容或括號內(nèi)所給詞的恰當(dāng)形式填空。Lastyearwas

____18____

(hot)onrecord,highlightingthesignificanceofgreentechnologyin2025.Onekeygreentechnologyiscarboncapture(收集)andstorage(CCS),

____19____

involvesseparatingCO?fromothergasesatemission(排放)sourcesbeforetheyarereleasedintotheatmosphere,and

____20____

(transport)theCO?toanundergroundlocationtobestored.CCSprojectsarenowstoringabout45milliontonsofCO?yearly,roughlyequaltotheemissionsof10millioncars.Thegrowthofcleanenergycontinues,withwindandsolarpowerexpectedtoovertakecoalinelectricitygeneration.【答案】18.

thehottest

19.

which

20.

transporting【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這

一篇說明文。主要說明了綠色技術(shù)碳捕獲和儲存（CCS）可以將二氧化碳釋放到大氣之前將其與其他氣體分離，并將二氧化碳運送到地下儲存?！?8題詳解】考查最高級。句意：去年是有記錄以來最熱的一年，凸顯了綠色科技在2025年的重要性。根據(jù)后文onrecord可知為最高級，前面加the。故填thehottest?！?9題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：一項關(guān)鍵的綠色技術(shù)是碳捕獲和儲存（CCS），它涉及在排放源將二氧化碳釋放到大氣之前將其與其他氣體分離，并將二氧化碳運送到地下儲存。非限制性定語從句修飾先行詞carboncaptureandstorage(CCS)，在從句作主語，指物，故填which?！?0題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：一項關(guān)鍵的綠色技術(shù)是碳捕獲和儲存（CCS），它涉及在排放源將二氧化碳釋放到大氣之前將其與其他氣體分離，并將二氧化碳運送到地下儲存。短語involvedoingsth.表示“涉及做某事”，故填transporting。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ATravelStyle:GroupBackpackingAdventurePerfectforfirsttimetravelerssuchasGapYearorUniversitystudentslookingtoexploreNepal&Indiawithagroupoflike-mindedpeople!AgeRange:18—22Accommodation:hotels,bunkhouses,guesthousesTransport:publicandprivatebuses,internalflights,trains,boats,taxisFees:7weeks:￡4,250Foravailablestartdates,checkoutthe“Dates&Availability”section—youmayneedtoscroll(滾動)righttoviewthepricesandbookon.Youcansecureyourplaceonyourchosenadventurewithadeposit(保證金)ofeither￡300or10%ofthetripprice,whicheverishigher.Theremainderispaidleadinguptotheprogramdeparting.WHAT’SINCLUDED:·Pre-departuresupport·Airportpick-upandreturntransfer·Threemealsadayforthedurationofthetrip·Programtransfers·Allactivitiesandtoursasdescribedinthebrochure·24/7EmergencyBackup·FinancialFailureProtectionWHATISNOTINCLUDED:·Flightsto/fromdestination·TravelInsurance·Visa&Vaccinations·SpendingMoney(souvenirs,optionalactivities,etc.)·TipsforlocaltourguidesanddriversWhoisthisprogramdesignedfor?ThisprogramisforanyonelookingtovolunteerandtravelthroughNepalandIndia’smostsought-afterdestinations.Thereisnopriorexperiencerequiredalthoughtheminimumageis18andyoumustalsohaveyourdoctorsignourmedicalformconfirmingyouaremedicallyfittoparticipate.Onmostdays,youmayfindyourselfonyourfeetfor6hoursormore,soareasonableleveloffitnessisrequiredtoparticipate.Whatisthefoodlike?Threemealsadayareincluded,andthesewillbeamixtureoflocalandwesterncuisine.Mealswhileatthevolunteeringprojectsarecookedforyou,thenwhilewearetravellingwewilleitherbuyfoodtocookatouraccommodationorvisitlocalrestaurantsandcafes.Expectlotsofrice,driedbeans,spicesandflavour!Veganandvegetariandietscanbeaccommodated.Pleasecheckwithusregardingfurtherdietaryrequirementsand/orhealthconditions.Whowillbesupervisingme?ThroughoutyourexpeditionyouwillbeaccompaniedbyanExpeditionLeader.Atvariousstagesofyourexpedition,wealsomakeuseoftheservicesoflocalsupportstaffincludingprojectcoordinators,driversandguides.HowmuchspendingmoneydoIneed?Youwillneedmoneyforextrameals,drinks&snacks,aswellasforanyactivitiesnotonourlist.Weadviseyoutobudgetfor￡70/€80/$100perweek(thisisaguidelineonly).21.

Whoismostsuitableforthisprogram?A.

A15-year-oldteenagerwhoiskeenonadventure.B.

A30-year-oldmanwithpriortravellingexperience.C.

A19-year-olduniversitystudentwhoismedicallyfit.D.

A21-year-oldexplorerwhopreferstravellingonhisown.22.

Whatisincludedintheprogramfee?A.

Flights.B.

Meals.C.

TravelInsurance.D.

Visa&Vaccinations.23.

Whatdoweknowabouttheprogram?A.

Differentdietaryrequirementswillbetakenintoaccount.B.

ParticipantswillbeaccompaniedbyanExpeditionLeaderonly.C.

Themoneyforthreemeals,extradrinksandsnacksisincludedinthefees.D.

Oneneedstopaythetotalfeestosecurehisplaceonthechosenadventure.【答案】21.C

22.B

23.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個旅行項目的情況，包括費用和提供的服務(wù)等情況?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中“PerfectforfirsttimetravelerssuchasGapYearorUniversitystudentslookingtoexploreNepal&Indiawithagroupoflike-mindedpeople!AgeRange:18—22(非常適合第一次旅行者，如間隔年或大學(xué)生，希望與一群志同道合的人一起探索尼泊爾和印度！年齡范圍：18到22歲)”可知，一個身體健康的19歲大學(xué)生最適合這個項目。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WHAT’SINCLUDED部分“·Threemealsadayforthedurationofthetrip(·旅行期間一日三餐)”可知，項目費用包括餐食。故選B。【23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Veganandvegetariandietscanbeaccommodated.Pleasecheckwithusregardingfurtherdietaryrequirementsand/orhealthconditions.(純素食主義者和素食飲食是可以適應(yīng)的。請向我們查詢進(jìn)一步的飲食要求和/或健康狀況。)”可知，將考慮不同的飲食要求。故選A。BInthequiettownofGreenfield,situatedinthehillsofupstateNewYork,DavidLeehadbuiltalifearoundhisart.HissmallstudioinanoldVictorianhousewasasanctuary(庇護(hù)所)wherehepaintedlandscapesthatcaptured(展現(xiàn))theheartofthetownheloved.Thewallswerecoveredwithpiecesofart,eachonereflectinghisdedicationandpassion.Onecrispautumnevening,asthesunset,castingagoldenglowoverthetown,Davidworkedonwhathebelievedwashisbestpieceyet.Lostinhiswork,hebarelynoticedaflashoflightinthecornerofhiseye.Itwasaneighborwhofirstsawthesmoke.BythetimeDavidrealizedwhatwashappening,thefirehadspreadthroughhalfofhisstudio.Herushedoutside,horrifiedtoseetheflames(火焰)consumingeverythinghehadworkedsohardfor.Withinminutes,hisstudiowasreducedtoashes.Thefollowingdayswerecloudedwithsorrow.DavidwanderedthestreetsofGreenfield,confusedandwithnopurpose.Friendsandneighborsofferedtheirsupport,butnothingcouldreplacetheyearsofworkdestroyed.Oneevening,ashesatonabenchinthetownsquare,henoticedchildrendrawingwithchalkonthepavement.Theirlaughterandcreativitycutthroughhisdespair.Davidrealizedhispassionforartwasn’ttiedtothephysicalspaceofhisstudio.Itwassomethingdeeperwithinhim.Hedecidedtostartover,torebuildhislifeandartanew.Withthehelpofhisfriends,Davidsetupasmallworkspaceinthecommunitycenter.Hebeganpaintingagain,thistimewithrenewedpurpose.HisfirstpiecewasanacknowledgmentofGreenfield,capturingthetown’sresilience(堅韌).Ashepainted,hefeltasenseofpeacehehadn’tfeltinweeks.Oneday,whilefinishingachallengingpiece,ayounggirlapproachedhim.“Whatareyoupainting?”sheasked.Davidsmiled.“It’sastory,”hesaid.“Astoryofresilienceandhope.”Thegirlnodded,hereyesreflectingthecolorsonthepainting.“It’sbeautiful,”shesaid.Davidfeltwarmthinhischest.Herealizedhisartwasaboutmorethanjustpaintings—itwasaboutconnectingwithothersandsharinghisjourney.Fromthenon,Davidpaintednotonlyforhimselfbutforeveryonewhoneededareminderofthebeautyintheworld.Thoughhisstudiohadchanged,hispassionforarthadbeenrenewed,andinthat,hefoundanewkindofresilience.24.

HowdidDavidfeelafterthefiredestroyedhisstudio?A.

Angryandbitter.B.

Gratefulandcontent.C.

Lostandempty.D.

Anxiousandregretful.25.

Whatisthesignificanceofthechildrendrawingonthepavement?A.

TheircreativityhelpsDavidfindjoyagain.B.

Theyareareminderofthefire’sdestruction.C.

TheyrepresentthefutureofartinGreenfield.D.

TheyshowhowthetownhasforgottenaboutDavid’sart.26.

WhatisthethemeofDavid’sfirstnewpaintingafterthefire?A.

Renewal.B.

Resilience.C.

Peace.D.

Passion.27.

Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.

Theflashtodayisthesilencetomorrow.B.

Thelessyouexpect,themoreyouappreciate.C.

Theflamethatburnsyoumayalsolightyourway.D.

Thegreatestroadblocksaretheonesyoucannotsee.【答案】24.C

25.A

26.B

27.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了大衛(wèi)·李的繪畫工作室被燒毀，里面的作品也都燒毀了，在沮喪和迷茫的時候他看到孩子們在人行道上用粉筆畫畫。因此重新點燃了他內(nèi)心對繪畫的熱愛。【24題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thefollowingdayswerecloudedwithsorrow.DavidwanderedthestreetsofGreenfield,confusedandwithnopurpose.(接下來的幾天充滿了悲傷。大衛(wèi)在格林菲爾德的街道上徘徊，茫然無措)”可知，大火燒毀了大衛(wèi)的工作室后，他感到迷失和空虛。故選C?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Oneevening,ashesatonabenchinthetownsquare,henoticedchildrendrawingwithchalkonthepavement.Theirlaughterandcreativitycutthroughhisdespair.(一天晚上，當(dāng)他坐在鎮(zhèn)廣場的長凳上時，他注意到孩子們在人行道上用粉筆畫畫。他們的笑聲和創(chuàng)造力打破了他的絕望)”可知，孩子們在人行道上畫畫的意義是他們的創(chuàng)造力幫助大衛(wèi)重新找到了快樂。故選A?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Hebeganpaintingagain,thistimewithrenewedpurpose.HisfirstpiecewasanacknowledgmentofGreenfield,capturingthetown’sresilience(堅韌).(他又開始畫畫了，這次帶著新的目標(biāo)。他的第一部作品是對格林菲爾德的認(rèn)可，捕捉了這個小鎮(zhèn)的韌性)”可知，火災(zāi)后大衛(wèi)的第一幅新畫的主題是韌性。故選B?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thoughhisstudiohadchanged,hispassionforarthadbeenrenewed,andinthat,hefoundanewkindofresilience.(雖然他的工作室換了，但他對藝術(shù)的熱情又重燃了，在那里，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的韌性)”結(jié)合文章主要講述了大衛(wèi)·李的繪畫工作室被燒毀，里面的作品也都燒毀了，在沮喪和迷茫的時候他看到孩子們在人行道上用粉筆畫畫重新點燃了他內(nèi)心對繪畫的熱愛。由此可知，從本文可以得出“灼傷你的火焰，也能照亮你的道路”。故選C。CThehumanbeingisa“socialanimal,”asAristotlesuggested.Wehaveafundamentalneedtobelong.Yetwefindourselvesinthemiddleofanepidemicoflonelinessandisolation.How,then,mightweencouragethefeelingsofconnectednessthataresocrucialtoourwell-being?Overthepastseveralyears,mycolleaguesandIhaveconductedscientificstudiessuggestingthatexperientialpurchasestendtobringpeoplemorehappinessthanmaterialones.Inrecentresearch,weinvestigatedanotherdownstreamconsequenceofspendingonexperiencesratherthanthings:itcanpromoteagreatersenseofsocialconnection.Weconductedaseriesof13experimentsinvolving1,980participants.Weaskedpeopletothinkabouteitherexperientialormaterialpurchasestheyhadmadeandthenratetheirthoughtsandfeelingsaboutthosepurchasesonnine-pointscales.Insomeofourstudies,peoplereportedfeelingmoreconnectionwithsomeonewhohadmadethesameexperientialpurchasethansomeonewhohadmadethesamematerialpurchase.Thisreflectsthefactthatexperientialpurchasesaremorecentraltoanindividual’sidentity:ourdatashowthatpeoplefeelmoresimilartoandmoreconnectionwithsomeonewhopurchasesthesameexperienceasthembecausetheybelievethiskindofconsumptiontendstorepresentmoreofone’strue,essentialsenseofself.Thesefindingsapplyevenwhenpeoplethinkabouthowtheirexperiencesdiffer.Knowingthatanotherpersonhasabetterversionofwhatyouhavecancreateasenseofsocialdistance.Whatweobserve,however,isthatthisdistancefeelslesswidewhenitcomestoexperientialpurchasescomparedwithmaterialones.Wealsodiscoveredthatexperientialconsumptionfosters(促進(jìn))asenseofsocialconnectednessmorebroadly,notjusttothosewhohavemadeasimilarpurchase.Peoplewhoreflectedonexperiencestheyhadacquired—ratherthanmaterialgoods—reportedabroadersenseofconnectiontohumanity.Finally,wefoundthatafterpeoplethinkaboutafulfillingexperience,theyexpressagreaterdesiretoengageinsocialactivitiesthantheydoaftertheyreflectonanimportantpossession.Experiencesconnectuswithothers,andtheyprovidememoriesofsuchconnectionthatpeoplecanrevisit.Thesememories,inturn,canencourageengagementinevenmoresociality.Onecleartakeawayfromthisresearch—likethemanystudiesonexperientialspendingandhappinessdonetodate—isthatpeoplewouldlikelybewisetoincreasetheirspendingon“doing”ratherthan“having.”Butourworkpointstoanotherimplicationaswell.Communitiescouldbenefitinmanywaysfromencouragingexperientialpursuits.Policymakerscansupportaccesstopublicparks,beachesandmuseums,forexample.Improvedfundingfortheartsandperformancespacescanbeawayforcommunitiestoensurethatsharedexperiencescontinuetobringpeopletogether.Directingresourcestowardmorecommunityengagementmightpromoteimprovementsinsocietalwell-being.28.

Whatcanbelearnedaboutexperientialpurchases?A.

Theyeffectivelypreventsocialdistancing.B.

Theypromoteinvolvementinsocialevents.C.

Theyallowpeopletodiscovertheirtrueselves.D.

Theyreducethelikelihoodofsocialcomparison.29.

Accordingtothepassage,policymakershadbetter_______.A.

addressthefundingchallengesofcommunitiesB.

advocatetheimportanceofsocialwell-beingC.

prioritizetheconstructionofpublicspacesD.

financelocalculturaleventsandfestivals30.

Whatisthepurposeofthispassage?A.

Toargueagainstmaterialisminmodernsociety.B.

Tosuggestwaystoreducelonelinessandisolation.C.

Tocomparetheeconomicvalueofgoodsandexperiences.D.

Toshowhowexperiencesboostconnectionandwell-being.【答案】28

B

29.D

30.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了體驗式購物可以促進(jìn)參與社會活動，解釋了研究開展的過程以及帶來的啟發(fā)?！?8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inrecentresearch,weinvestigatedanotherdownstreamconsequenceofspendingonexperiencesratherthanthings:itcanpromoteagreatersenseofsocialconnection.(在最近的研究中，我們調(diào)查了把錢花在體驗上而不是實物上的另一個下游后果：它可以促進(jìn)更強的社會聯(lián)系感)”可知，體驗式購買可以促進(jìn)參與社會活動。故選B?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Policymakerscansupportaccesstopublicparks,beachesandmuseumsforexample.Improvedfundingfortheartsandperformancespacescanbeawayforcommunitiestoensurethatsharedexperiencescontinuetobringpeopletogether.Directingresourcestowardmorecommunityengagementmightpromoteimprovementsinsocietalwell-being.(例如，政策制定者可以支持進(jìn)入公園、海灘和博物館。改善對藝術(shù)和表演空間的資助可以成為社區(qū)確保共享體驗繼續(xù)將人們聚集在一起的一種方式。將資源用于更多的社區(qū)參與可能會促進(jìn)社會福祉的改善)”可知，政策制定者最好資助當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕顒雍凸?jié)日。故選D?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二段“Overthepastseveralyears,mycolleaguesandIhaveconductedscientificstudiessuggestingthatexperientialpurchasestendtobringpeoplemorehappinessthanmaterialones.Inrecentresearch,weinvestigatedanotherdownstreamconsequenceofspendingonexperiencesratherthanthings:itcanpromoteagreatersenseofsocialconnection.(在過去的幾年里，我和同事進(jìn)行的科學(xué)研究表明，體驗式購買往往比物質(zhì)購買給人們帶來更多的幸福感。在最近的研究中，我們調(diào)查了把錢花在體驗上而不是實物上的另一個下游后果：它可以促進(jìn)更強的社會聯(lián)系感)”可知，文章主要說明了體驗式購物可以促進(jìn)參與社會活動，解釋了研究開展的過程以及帶來的啟發(fā)。由此推知，這篇文章的目的是展示體驗如何促進(jìn)聯(lián)系和幸福感。故選D。DAthemeatthisyear’sWorldEconomicForum(WEF)meetingwastheperceivedneedto“acceleratebreakthroughsinresearchandtechnology.”Someofthisdiscussionwasmotivatedbytheclimateemergency,somebytheopportunitiesandchallengespresentedbygenerativeartificialintelligence.Yetinvariousconversations,itseemedtobetakenforgrantedthattoaddresstheworld’sproblems,scientificresearchneedstomovefaster.TheWEFmeetingtookplacejusttwoweeksafterHarvardUniversityPresidentClaudineGaysteppeddownaftercomplaintsweremadeaboutherpoliticalsciencescholarship.Gay’stroublescameafterStanfordUniversityPresidentMarcTessierLavignesteppeddown,afteraninternalinvestigationconcludedthathisneuroscienceresearchhad“multipleproblems”and“fellbelowcustomarystandardsofscientific

rigor.”Althoughitmaybeimpossibletodeterminejusthowwidespreadsuchproblemsreallyare,it’shardtoimaginethatthephenomenonofhigh-profilescholarscorrectingandwithdrawingpapershasnothadanegativeimpactonpublictrustinscienceandperhapsinexpertsbroadly.Inrecentyearswe’veseenimportantpaperswithdrawnbecauseofquestionabledataormethods.Inoneinterestingcase,FrancesH.Arnold,whosharedthe2018NobelPrizeinChemistry,voluntarilywithdrewapaperwhenherlabwasunabletoreproduceherresults—butafterthepaperhadbeenpublished.Inanopenapology,shestatedthatshewas“abitbusy”whenthepaperwassubmittedand“didnotdomyjobwell.”Arnold’shonestyisadmirable,butitraisesaquestion:ArescholarsathighlycompetitiveplacessuchasHarvardandStandfordrushingtopublishingratherthantakingthetimetodotheirworkright?It’simpossibletoanswerthisquestionscientificallybecausethere’snoscientificdefinitionofwhatconstitutes“rushing”.Butthere’slittledoubtthatweliveinaculturewhereacademicsatleadinguniversitiesareunderenormouspressuretoproduceresults—andalotofthem—quickly.However,nearlyacenturypassedbetweenbiochemistFriedrichMiescher’sidentificationoftheDNAmoleculeandsuggestionthatitmightbeinvolvedininheritance(遺傳)andtheclarificationofitsdouble-helix(雙螺旋)structureinthe1950s.AndittookjustabouthalfacenturyforgeologistsandgeophysiciststoacceptAlfredWegener’sideaofcontinentaldrift(漂移).There’splentyofcircumstantialevidencethatscientistsandotherscholarsarepushingresultsoutfarfasterthantheyusedto.Onerecentstudyputthenumberatmorethansevenmillionayear,comparedwithfewerthanamillionasrecentlyas1980.Anotherstudyfound265academicauthors—twothirdsofwhomwereinthemedicalandlifesciences—publishedapapereveryfivedaysonaverage.Thenumberssuggestthattheresearchworldhasprioritizedquantityoverquality.Researchersmayneedtoslowdown—notspeedup—ifwearetoproduceknowledgeworthyoftrust.31.

Whatdoestheword“rigor”underlinedinParagraph2mostprobablymean?A.

Quicknessandconvenience.B.

Flexibilityandopenness.C.

Strictnessandprecision.D.

Fameandpopularity.32.

DNAandcontinentaldriftareexamplestodemonstratethat_______.A.

goodsciencetakestimeB.

scienceadvanceswithtimeC.

researchacrossdisciplinesisneededD.

breakthroughsseldomhappenbychance33.

Whichofthefollowingsituationscanbestreflecttheauthor’sconcern?A.

Aresearcherfailstoproduceevidenceforhispaper.B.

Auniversitylosesyoungtalentduetoalackoffunding.C.

Aneditoroverlookstheerrorsinawriter’sresearchmethods.D.

Ascholarpublishesapaperwithlimiteddatatogainrecognition.34.

Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.

TheDangerofFastScienceB.

TheNeedforTrustinScienceC.

AnAlarmingWarningtoScienceEditorsD.

APopularTrendtowardsRushingScience【答案】31.C

32.A

33.D

34.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了如今科學(xué)研究存在急于發(fā)表論文，過于注重數(shù)量導(dǎo)致了很多問題?！?1題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“hisneuroscienceresearchhad“multipleproblems”and“fellbelowcustomarystandardsofscientific(他的神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究存在“多重問題”，并且“低于科學(xué)……的標(biāo)準(zhǔn))”可知，斯坦福大學(xué)的校長因他的神經(jīng)科學(xué)研究存在“多個問題”且“低于科學(xué)嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)性的慣常標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”而辭職。由于研究存在問題且未達(dá)到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這里的“rigor”意味著在科學(xué)研究中高水平的嚴(yán)格性和精確性。故劃線詞意思是“嚴(yán)格、精確”。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“However,nearlyacenturypassedbetweenbiochemistFriedrichMiescher’sidentificationoftheDNAmoleculeandsuggestionthatitmightbeinvolvedininheritance(遺傳)andtheclarificationofitsdouble-helix(雙螺旋)structureinthe1950s.AndittookjustabouthalfacenturyforgeologistsandgeophysiciststoacceptAlfredWegener’sideaofcontinentaldrift(漂移).(然而，從生物化學(xué)家弗里德里希·米歇爾鑒定出DNA分子并提出它可能與遺傳有關(guān)，到20世紀(jì)50年代對其雙螺旋結(jié)構(gòu)的澄清，已經(jīng)過去了近一個世紀(jì)。地質(zhì)學(xué)家和地球物理學(xué)家僅僅用了半個世紀(jì)的時間就接受了阿爾弗雷德·韋格納的大陸漂移學(xué)說。)”可知，DNA和大陸漂移就是證明好的科學(xué)需要時間的例子。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“There’splentyofcircumstantialevidencethatscientistsandotherscholarsarepushingresultsoutfarfasterthantheyusedto.(有大量的間接證據(jù)表明，科學(xué)家和其他學(xué)者推出結(jié)果的速度比過去快得多。)”以及“Anotherstudyfound265academicauthors—twothirdsofwhomwereinthemedicalandlifesciences—publishedapapereveryfivedaysonaverage.Thenumberssuggestthattheresearchworldhasprioritizedquantityoverquality.Researchersmayneedtoslowdown—notspeedup—ifwearetoproduceknowledgeworthyoftrust.(另一項研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，265位學(xué)術(shù)作者——其中三分之二在醫(yī)學(xué)和生命科學(xué)領(lǐng)域——平均每五天發(fā)表一篇論文。這些數(shù)字表明，研究界更看重數(shù)量而不是質(zhì)量。如果我們要產(chǎn)生值得信任的知識，研究人員可能需要放慢速度，而不是加快速