單元考點(diǎn)鞏固卷Unit4

NaturalDisasters（總分50分；時(shí)間30分鐘）一、根據(jù)漢語提示拼寫單詞（每題1分，共10分）1.Theelectricity（供應(yīng)）hadbeencutoff.2.Grace（輕敲）onthebedroomdoorandwentin.3.Thesoldiersaretrainedtojumpfromtheplaneswithfull（成套裝備）on.4.Thelocalswereencouragedto_______（使陷入圈套）andkillmicetostopthespreadofthevirus.5.Yourlettergot__________（掩埋）underapileofpapers.6.Theairwassocoldthatwecouldhardly_________（呼吸）.7.ManyexcellentChinesearchitectsaremakinggreat__________（努力）totakethecenterstage.8.Localpeoplearequestioningthe__________（智慧）ofspendingsomuchmoneyonanewroad.9.Itisusuallyeasiertopickoutthemeaningofaphraseinagiven_________（上下文）.10.Someemployerswere__________（遭受）fromadesperateshortageofschool-leavers.1.supply2.tapped3.kit4.trap5.buried6.breathe7.efforts8.wisdom9.context10.suffering二、單句語法填空（每題1分，共10分）1.Climatechangecouldhave__________（disaster）effectsontheEarth.2.Theplacewasrecentlyvisitedbyaserious__________（volcano）eruption.3.Thesailorswererescued__________theseabyahelicopter.4.Achild’sbehaviorcan__________（affect）byhishomeenvironment.5.Sheisabletoslide__________aroomwithoutanyonenoticing.6.Waterpollutiondidgreatdamage__________thecrops.7.Thesquarelooksmorebeautifulallthelightson.8.Rescueworkersarerescuingthe(injure)intheearthquake.9.Theonly__________（survive）ofthecarcrashwasrushedtohospital.10.Withthegovernment’said,those(affect)bytheearthquakehavemovedtothenewsettlements.1.disastrous2.volcanic3.from4.beaffected5.into6.to7.with8.injured9.survivor10..affected三、短語填空（每題1分，共10分）sweepaway,crashinto,thenumberof,beaffectedby,beexpectedto,base...on,keepcalm,carryout,outofgratitude,outofnowhere1.__________________peoplegoingtothecinemaseemstodecreasesteadily.2.MyFairLadyisasuccessfulfilmwhich____________GeorgeBernardShaw’sclassicPygmalion.3.ThefirstThanksgivingwascelebrated____________________forsurvival.4.Thoughsurprisedtomeethermanagerattheparty,she____________________.5.Atthelastmoment,ashortmanappeared____________________towintherace.6.Theplanegotoutofcontroland____________________thesea.7.Heaskedustoassisthimto____________________hisplan.8.Thevillage____________________whenthedamburst.9.Orderedoveraweekago,thebooks____________________arriveanytimenow.10.We____________________hisdevotiontowork.1.Thenumberof2.isbasedon3.outofgratitude4.keptcalm5.outofnowhere6.crashedinto7.carryout8.wassweptaway9.areexpectedto10.aredeeplyaffectedby四、語篇語法填空（每題1分，共10分）Asanoldsayinggoes,“Friendsarelikewine;theolder,thebetter.”Becauseofthat,nowadaysmanypeoplethinkoldfriendstobe1(important)thannewones.Forexample,iftwopiecesofadvice2(give)tosolveaproblem,onefromanewfriendandtheotherfromanoldfriend,peoplealwaystendtochoosethelatterone,althoughthenewfriend’sadvicemaybebetter.I,however,3(agree)withtheoldsaying,believingthatnewfriendsarenot4(necessary)worsethanoldfriends.Why?Becausethe5(long)oftimecannottellwhetheryourfriendshipisbetterornot.Onceyoucallsomeoneyourfriend,hemustbeaperson6isreliableandwhoseinterestsareincommonwith7(you).Maybeafriend’soutsidelook8(change)allthetime,buttheinsidecharactersofhimandhisinterestswon’tchangeatall.Itisjusttheseunchangeablecharactersandinterests9makehimafriendofyou.10,onthispoint,thereisnodifferencebetweenoldfriendsandnewones.1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.1.moreimportant2.aregiven3.disagree4.necessarily5.length6.who/that7.yours8.changes/ischanging/hasbeenchanging9.that10.Therefore五、完成句子（每題2分，共10分）1.他說只要他們不違反規(guī)則，他仍然會(huì)支持他們。Hesaidhewouldstillsupportthem,theydidn’tbreaktherules.2.從前的夏天，我們經(jīng)常泛舟湖上。Weonthelakeinsummer.3.爺爺坐在沙發(fā)上，高興地給孩子們講著故事。Grandfathersatinthesofa,happily.4.這是我曾看過的第一部美國電影。ThisisthefirstAmericanfilm.5.你認(rèn)識(shí)我們?cè)趯W(xué)校里遇見的那個(gè)老師嗎?（定語從句）___________________________________________________________1.aslongas2.usedtogosailing3.tellingthechildrenstories4.thatIhaveeverseen5.Doyouknowtheteacher(whom/who/that)wemetintheschool?單元素養(yǎng)檢測卷Unit4

NaturalDisasters（總分100分；時(shí)間90分鐘）一、閱讀理解（2023年新高考I卷）AWhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?Withtherightcombinationofanimalsandplants,hefigured,maybehecouldcleanupwastethewaynaturedid.Hedecidedtobuildwhathewouldlatercallaneco-machine.ThetaskJohnsetforhimselfwastoremoveharmfulsubstancesfromsomesludge(污泥).First,heconstructedaseriesofclearfiberglasstanksconnectedtoeachother.Thenhewentaroundtolocalpondsandstreamsandbroughtbacksomeplantsandanimals.Heplacedtheminthetanksandwaited.Littlebylittle,thesedifferentkindsoflifegotusedtooneanotherandformedtheirownecosystem.Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.“Ecologicaldesign”isthenameJohngivestowhathedoes.“LifeonEarthiskindofaboxofsparepartsfortheinventor,”hesays.“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutJohnfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hewasfondoftraveling. B.Heenjoyedbeingalone.C.Hehadaninquiringmind. D.Helongedtobeadoctor.5.WhydidJohnputthesludgeintothetanks?A.Tofeedtheanimals. B.Tobuildanecosystem.C.Toprotecttheplants. D.Totesttheeco-machine.6.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinmentioningFuzhou?A.ToreviewJohn’sresearchplans. B.ToshowanapplicationofJohn’sidea.C.TocompareJohn’sdifferentjobs. D.ToerasedoubtsaboutJohn’sinvention.7.WhatisthebasisforJohn’swork?A.Naturecanrepairitself. B.Organismsneedwatertosurvive.C.LifeonEarthisdiverse. D.Mosttinycreaturesliveingroups.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了JohnTodd從小就很愛思考且好學(xué)，他建造了一個(gè)生態(tài)機(jī)器，利用自然可以自我修復(fù)的原理來凈化污水?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“WhenJohnToddwasachild,helovedtoexplorethewoodsaroundhishouse,observinghownaturesolvedproblems.Aditrystream,forexample,oftenbecameclearafterflowingthroughplantsandalongrockswheretinycreatureslived.Whenhegotolder,Johnstartedtowonderifthisprocesscouldbeusedtocleanupthemessespeopleweremaking.(當(dāng)約翰·托德還是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，他喜歡探索房子周圍的樹林，觀察大自然是如何解決問題的。例如，一條骯臟的小溪流經(jīng)植物和微小生物居住的巖石后，往往變得清澈。長大后，約翰開始思考這個(gè)過程是否可以用來清理人們制造的混亂)”以及第二段“Afterstudyingagriculture,medicine,andfisheriesincollege,Johnwentbacktoobservingnatureandaskingquestions.Whycancertainplantstrapharmfulbacteria(細(xì)菌)?Whichkindsoffishcaneatcancer-causingchemicals?(在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)了農(nóng)業(yè)、醫(yī)學(xué)和漁業(yè)之后，約翰又回到了觀察自然和提出問題的生活中。為什么某些植物能捕獲有害細(xì)菌？哪些魚類會(huì)食用致癌化學(xué)物質(zhì)？)”可知，約翰聰穎好學(xué)、好奇心很強(qiáng)。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Afterafewweeks,Johnaddedthesludge.(幾個(gè)星期后，約翰把污泥加了進(jìn)去)”以及倒數(shù)第三段“Hewasamazedattheresults.Theplantsandanimalsintheeco-machinetookthesludgeasfoodandbegantoeatit!Withinweeks,ithadallbeendigested,andallthatwasleftwaspurewater.(他對(duì)結(jié)果感到驚訝。生態(tài)機(jī)器里的動(dòng)植物把污泥當(dāng)成了食物，開始吃起來！幾周之內(nèi)，它就被消化了，只剩下純凈水)”可知，約翰把污泥放進(jìn)罐子里為了測試生態(tài)機(jī)器。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Overtheyears,Johnhastakenonmanybigjobs.Hedevelopedagreenhouse-likefacilitythattreatedsewage(污水)from1,600homesinSouthBurlington.Healsodesignedaneco-machinetocleancanalwaterinFuzhou,acityinsoutheastChina.(這些年來，約翰承擔(dān)了許多重大工作。他開發(fā)了一個(gè)類似溫室的設(shè)施，可以處理來自南伯靈頓1600戶家庭的污水。他還設(shè)計(jì)了一種生態(tài)機(jī)器來清潔中國東南部城市福州的運(yùn)河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示約翰想法的應(yīng)用。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Youputorganismsinnewrelationshipsandobservewhat’shappening.Thenyouletthesenewsystemsdeveloptheirownwaystoself-repair.(你把生物體放在新的關(guān)系中，觀察會(huì)發(fā)生什么。然后讓這些新系統(tǒng)自行發(fā)展自我修復(fù)的方式)”可知，約翰工作的基礎(chǔ)是自然可以自我修復(fù)。故選A。B【江蘇省新高考基地學(xué)校2022-2023學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期大聯(lián)考3月月考英語試題】Afterdecadesofargument,psychologistshaveapparentlyagreedthatarrangingone’sfeaturesintotheshapeofasmilehelpsbrightenthemood.Inotherwords,ifyouwanttofeelalittlehappier,trylookingalittlehappierfirst.Theideahasarockyhistory,though.Tosettlethematteronceandforall,NicholasColes,aresearchscientistatStanfordUniversity,organisedtheManySmilesCollaborationtoconductanexperimentthatadvocates,criticsandthoseonthefencecouldallagree.Thepsychologistsrecruited(招募)nearly4,000peoplefrom19countriesanddividedthemintothreegroups.Thefirstadoptedthepen-in-mouthmethodtoactivatefacialmusclesforsmiling.Thesecondimitatedthefacialexpressionsofsmilingactors.Thethirdwastoldtomovethecornersoftheirlipstowardstheirearsandraisetheircheeks,usingonlythemusclesintheirface.Thevolunteersthenratedtheirhappinessastheypulledthefaces,woreneutralexpressions,andlookedatablankscreensorimagesofpuppies,kittens,flowersandfireworks.AccordingtoareportinNatureHumanBehaviour,thepen-in-mouthmethoddidlittleforemotions—perhapsbecausepeoplehadtobitetheirteethtogether.Buttheothertwoapproachesboostedhappiness,thoughtheeffectwassmall.“Somepeoplebelievethatemotionalexperienceisverycognitive—that’sit’sdrivenbyourevaluationsofwhat’sgoingonintheworld.Thiswork,however,suggeststhatit’salsophysiological,”saidColes.“Emotionalexperienceappearstobebuilt,inpart,offoffeedbackorsensationsfromthenervoussystem.Theacceleratedheartcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandthestretchofasmilecanmakethemfeelhappy,”headded.DrMagdalenaRychlowska,whoworksonfacialexpressions,emotionsandcultureatQueen’sUniversity,Belfast,saidsuchstudieswere“tremendouslybeneficial”forpsychology.“Asaresearcherworkingonhowfacialmovementsinfluenceourfeelings,Iamdelightedtoseethatanindependentstudyfoundsupportforthefacialfeedbackassumption,”shesaid.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?A.Peoplearedividedontheidea. B.Peoplerefusetoaccepttheidea.C.Theideagainspopularityquickly. D.Theideahasstoodthetestoftime.9.Onwhatbasisdidthepsychologistsgettheirfinding?A.Howthevolunteersfelt. B.Howthevolunteersacted.C.Howthevolunteerslooked. D.Howthevolunteersthought.10.WhydoesColesmaketheseremarksinparagraph5?A.Topraisehisresearchwork. B.Tostatehisresearchfinding.C.Toputforwardanewproject. D.Tocriticizethemistakenbelief.11.WhatdoesRychlowskatalkaboutconcerningtheresearchfinding?A.Itsindependence. B.Itspracticalapplication.C.Itssignificance. D.Itsappealtothepublic.【答案】8.A9.A10.B11.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了心理學(xué)家認(rèn)為如果你想更快樂一點(diǎn)，先試著讓自己看起來更快樂一點(diǎn)。文章介紹了研究開展的過程以及發(fā)現(xiàn)。【8題詳解】句意猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Tosettlethematteronceandforall,NicholasColes,aresearchscientistatStanfordUniversity,organisedtheManySmilesCollaborationtoconductanexperimentthatadvocates,criticsandthoseonthefencecouldallagree.(為了一勞永逸地解決這個(gè)問題，斯坦福大學(xué)的研究科學(xué)家尼古拉斯?科爾斯組織了“多微笑合作”組織，進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)支持者、批評(píng)者和持中立態(tài)度的人都同意的實(shí)驗(yàn))”可知，后文提到了進(jìn)行了一項(xiàng)支持者、批評(píng)者和持中立態(tài)度的人都同意的實(shí)驗(yàn)，說明人們對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)有分歧，有人支持、有人批評(píng)，還有人中立。故畫線句意思是“人們對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)有分歧”。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Emotionalexperienceappearstobebuilt,inpart,offoffeedbackorsensationsfromthenervoussystem.Theacceleratedheartcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandthestretchofasmilecanmakethemfeelhappy(情感體驗(yàn)似乎在某種程度上是建立在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的反饋或感覺之上的。心跳加速會(huì)讓人感到焦慮，而微笑則會(huì)讓人感到快樂)”可知，心理學(xué)家是根據(jù)志愿者的感受得出他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故選A?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段““Somepeoplebelievethatemotionalexperienceisverycognitive—that’sit’sdrivenbyourevaluationsofwhat’sgoingonintheworld.Thiswork,however,suggeststhatit’salsophysiological,”saidColes.“Emotionalexperienceappearstobebuilt,inpart,offoffeedbackorsensationsfromthenervoussystem.Theacceleratedheartcanmakepeoplefeelanxiousandthestretchofasmilecanmakethemfeelhappy,”headded.(“有些人認(rèn)為情感體驗(yàn)是非常認(rèn)知的——它是由我們對(duì)世界上正在發(fā)生的事情的評(píng)估所驅(qū)動(dòng)的。然而，這項(xiàng)研究表明，這也是生理上的，”Coles說?！扒楦畜w驗(yàn)似乎在某種程度上是建立在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的反饋或感覺之上的。心跳加速會(huì)讓人感到焦慮，而微笑則會(huì)讓人感到快樂?！?”可知，Coles在第5段說的話是為了陳述他的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選B?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“DrMagdalenaRychlowska,whoworksonfacialexpressions,emotionsandcultureatQueen’sUniversity,Belfast,saidsuchstudieswere“tremendouslybeneficial”forpsychology.“Asaresearcherworkingonhowfacialmovementsinfluenceourfeelings,Iamdelightedtoseethatanindependentstudyfoundsupportforthefacialfeedbackassumption,”shesaid.(在貝爾法斯特女王大學(xué)研究面部表情、情緒和文化的MagdalenaRychlowska博士說，這些研究對(duì)心理學(xué)“非常有益”。她說：“作為一名研究面部運(yùn)動(dòng)如何影響我們感覺的研究人員，我很高興看到一項(xiàng)獨(dú)立研究發(fā)現(xiàn)了對(duì)面部反饋假設(shè)的支持?！?”可知，Rychlowska在研究發(fā)現(xiàn)中談到了其意義。故選C。二、七選五【廣東省華附、省實(shí)、廣雅、深中四校2022-2023學(xué)年高三大聯(lián)考英語試題】Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.____16____Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.Previousresearchhasshownthatthechangesactuallypersistinthemusclesthemselves.Inonestudyofmice,theresultssuggestthatafternucleiinmusclecellsmultiplyinresponsetoanoverloadoftraining,thoseextranucleiaren’tlostduringsubsequentperiodsofinactivity.Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.____17____Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachthepost-traininglevel.Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas,howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.____18____Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitcomestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.Andtheprincipleappliestobothresistancetrainingandendurancetraining.Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.____19____Ultimately,musclememoryisapayoffforallthepastworkyouputintolearningasport.____20____Youwillneverknowhowmuchmusclememoryyoumayhaveuntilyoustarttrainingagain.A.Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.B.Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.C.Thisconvincestheresearchersthatmusclememorymaynotbelonglasting.D.Thatistosay,wecandothesportsautomaticallywithoutconsciousthought.E.Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.F.Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.G.Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.【答案】16.B17.A18.G19.E20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了肌肉記憶是一種你先前訓(xùn)練的肌肉在一段時(shí)間不用后，會(huì)獲得力量的現(xiàn)象，它是你過去為學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)付出的所有努力的回報(bào)，之前你鍛煉得越多，你的肌肉記憶力就會(huì)儲(chǔ)存得越多?！?6題詳解】上文“Peoplerefertoneverforgettinghowtorideabikeorthrowabaseballasexamplesof“musclememory”,theresultofamotorlearning.(人們把永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記如何騎自行車或投擲棒球作為“肌肉記憶”的例子，這是運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)能學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果)”指出人們用舉例子的方法給“肌肉記憶”下定義，下文“Itisaphenomenonthatpreviouslytrainedmusclesacquirestrengthafteraperiodofdisuse.(這是一種現(xiàn)象，先前訓(xùn)練的肌肉在一段時(shí)間不用后，會(huì)獲得力量。)”是“肌肉記憶”的定義，由此可知，空處引起下文，指出其他人對(duì)肌肉記憶的定義，B項(xiàng)“Physiologists,ontheotherhand,defineitinadifferentway.(另一方面，生理學(xué)家則用不同的方式來定義它。)”指出生物學(xué)家給“肌肉記憶”下了定義，其中“it”代指上文“musclememory”，故選B?！?7題詳解】上文“Onceyouhavegotadditionalnuclei,youarebankingthecapacity.(一旦你有了額外的原子核，你就是在儲(chǔ)蓄能量。)”指出有了額外的原子核，你就是在儲(chǔ)蓄能量，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，指出我們應(yīng)該如何做才能挖掘出自己的能量，A項(xiàng)“Thebestwaytotapintoitisto“getbackonthehorse”.(最好的方法就是“重新振作起來”。)”符合，同時(shí)順承下文，下文“Infact,arecentstudyrevealedthatlessthaneightweeksofretrainingwereneededtoreachthepost-traininglevel.(事實(shí)上，最近的一項(xiàng)研究顯示，要達(dá)到培訓(xùn)后的水平，只需要不到8周的再培訓(xùn)。)”描述了要通過在培訓(xùn)來挖掘自己的能量，故選A。【18題詳解】上文“Buthowquicklyyouregainyourformerfitnessdependsonhowfityouwereinitially,howlongthelayoffwas.howoldyouareandhowlongyou’dbeenexercising.(但是你恢復(fù)健康的速度取決于你最初的健康狀況，以及停止活動(dòng)的時(shí)間。你多大了，鍛煉了多長時(shí)間。)”提到一項(xiàng)研究指出要恢復(fù)到之前的水平，需要考慮最初的健康狀況，以及停止活動(dòng)的時(shí)間，你多大了，鍛煉了多長時(shí)間幾個(gè)方面，下文“Itmeansyoustillhaveadistinctadvantagewhenitcomestoregainingyourformerleveloffitness.(這意味當(dāng)談到恢復(fù)您以前的健康水平時(shí)，你仍然有一個(gè)明顯的優(yōu)勢。)”指出你仍然有優(yōu)勢恢復(fù)到之前的水平，空出應(yīng)該承上啟下，G項(xiàng)“Allthisnewsaboutmusclememoryisencouragingforthosewhofelloffthefitnessscheme.(所有這些關(guān)于肌肉記憶的新聞對(duì)于那些脫離健身計(jì)劃的人來說都是鼓舞人心的。)”符合，“Allthisnews”指上文提到的“你恢復(fù)健康的速度取決于你最初的健康狀況，以及停止活動(dòng)的時(shí)間。你多大了，鍛煉了多長時(shí)間”，“felloffthefitnessscheme”和下文“yourformerleveloffitness”相呼應(yīng)，故選G。【19題詳解】上文“Thebestwaytoregainyourmusclememoryistostartatalevelbelowwhatyouwereaccustomedtodoing,andthengraduallyincreaseintermsofduration,frequency,thenintensity.(恢復(fù)肌肉記憶的最好方法是從一個(gè)低于你習(xí)慣做的水平開始，然后逐漸增加持續(xù)時(shí)間、頻率和強(qiáng)度。)”指出恢復(fù)肌肉記憶的最好方法是從低于你習(xí)慣做的水平開始，然后逐漸增加持續(xù)時(shí)間、頻率和強(qiáng)度這些要素，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，繼續(xù)談?wù)撊绾位謴?fù)肌肉記憶，E項(xiàng)“Itisgenerallysafetoincreasetheseelementsby5percenteveryweekortwo.(通常情況下，每周或每兩周將這些要素增加5%是安全的。)”符合，其中“theseelements”代指上文“duration,frequency,thenintensity”，故選E?！?0題詳解】上文“Ultimately,musclememoryisapayoffforallthepastworkyouputintolearningasport.(歸根結(jié)底，肌肉記憶是你過去為學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)付出的所有努力的回報(bào)。)”指出肌肉記憶和你之前的付出的關(guān)系，肌肉記憶是你過去學(xué)習(xí)的回報(bào)，空處應(yīng)該承接上文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“Itisevidentthatthemoreyouexercise,themoremusclememorysavingsyouwillhave.(很明顯，你鍛煉得越多，你的肌肉記憶力就會(huì)儲(chǔ)存得越多。)”符合，繼續(xù)解釋肌肉記憶與你之前的鍛煉的關(guān)系，故選F。三、完形填空【2023年4月湘豫名校聯(lián)考高三下學(xué)期第二次模擬考試試題】OnChristmasof2017,Iwasbornagain.WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad,andthatyearwe____21____Uganda.Nature,wildlife,andsunnydayswerea____22____whenitwasso____23____anddarkinEurope.Lifewasbeautiful,andwehadarentalcarandabusyscheduleaheadtoexplorethecountry.Thisiswherethisshorttravelstoryturnsintooneofmymost____24____travelexperiences.AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark,wehadacaraccident.Ilost____25____ofthecar,anditrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis(底盤),andtheengine.Butwewerealive!Myrightarmwas____26____injured,butwe____27____towalktoourlodge(旅館),notfarinsidethe____28____.Inthelodge,Iwas____29____tolearnthattherewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindithatwasjustaone-hourdriveaway.Moreover,oneofthelodge’sguestswasanursewho_____30_____thewoundwhilewewerewaitingforthetaxi.Thehospitaltookcareofusandafteracoupleofinjectionsandstitches(縫合),Iwas_____31_____toheadtoournewhotelinMasindi;however,mywoundrequireddaily_____32_____andmoreinjections,sowewere_____33_____tostayintownforafewdays.Thetown’shighlightswerethemarketandour_____34_____visittothehospital,sowe_____35_____lookingforthesmallthings,_____36_____withthemedicalstaffandthepeopleinthemarket,andlearningmoreabouttheircustoms.Welearnedtoslowdown.Whenwewereallowedto_____37_____,wetookaroadtripthroughthecountrytoseesomethingelse.Wedidnotcareaboutourtravelbucket_____38_____anymore-wewere_____39_____,andwewantedtoenjoyUganda’suniquenatureanditspeople.Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet.Itwastravelfor_____40_____VSsightseeing.21.A.recommended B.chose C.predicted D.informed22.A.blessing B.barrier C.limitation D.balance23.A.complicated B.mysterious C.crowded D.cold24.A.doubtful B.wonderful C.scary D.imaginary25.A.sense B.sight C.control D.direction26.A.severely B.permanently C.partly D.deliberately27.A.discovered B.failed C.continued D.managed28.A.spot B.accident C.country D.park29.A.curious B.happy C.shocked D.creative30.A.cleaned B.cured C.swept D.repaired31.A.fortunate B.grateful C.ready D.relieved32.A.operation B.dressing C.pressure D.recovery33.A.asked B.forbidden C.permitted D.taught34.A.occasional B.daily C.risky D.awful35.A.putoff B.carriedon C.insistedon D.endedup36.A.chatting B.arguing C.bargaining D.meeting37.A.exercise B.wander C.leave D.escape38.A.guide B.list C.approach D.memory39.A.awake B.sensitive C.allergic D.alive40.A.experiment B.explanation C.experience D.reflection【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.C26.A27.D28.D29.B30.A31.C32.B33.A34.B35.D36.A37.C38.B39.D40.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者一家人2017年圣誕節(jié)去烏干達(dá)旅游時(shí)遭遇車禍意外受傷住院的經(jīng)歷和感受?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我們喜歡去國外暖和的地方過圣誕節(jié)，那一年我們選擇去烏干達(dá)。A.recommended推薦；B.chose選擇；C.predicted預(yù)測；D.informed通知。根據(jù)前文“WeliketospendourChristmasholidayssomewherewarmabroad”可知，烏干達(dá)是我們選擇過圣誕節(jié)的地方。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：相對(duì)于歐洲天氣的寒冷和光線昏暗，這里的大自然、野生動(dòng)物和明媚陽光都是美好的事。A.blessing祝福，幸事；B.barrier障礙；C.limitation限制；D.balance平衡。根據(jù)上文“Nature,wildlife,andsunnydays”可知，大自然、野生動(dòng)物和明媚陽光都是美好的事。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：相對(duì)于歐洲天氣的寒冷和光線昏暗，這里的大自然、野生動(dòng)物和明媚陽光都是美好的事。A.complicated復(fù)雜的；B.mysterious神秘的；C.crowded擁擠的；D.cold寒冷的。根據(jù)后文“anddarkinEurope”可知，圣誕節(jié)期間歐洲天氣寒冷，光線昏暗。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：就是在這個(gè)地方，這次短暫的旅行成為了我旅行經(jīng)歷中最可怕的遭遇之一。A.doubtful懷疑的；B.wonderful絕妙的；C.scary令人害怕的；D.imaginary想象的。根據(jù)后文“Myrightarmwas______injured”可知，我在烏干達(dá)旅游期間遇到車禍，右胳膊嚴(yán)重受傷，這是一段令人害怕的旅行經(jīng)歷。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：車輛失去控制，翻倒在地，毀掉了車窗、底盤和發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)。A.sense感覺；B.sight視野；C.control控制；D.direction方向。根據(jù)下文“itrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassisandtheengine”可知，車輛失去控制，翻車了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我的右胳膊受傷嚴(yán)重，但我們?cè)O(shè)法走回了旅館，它在不遠(yuǎn)處的國家公園里面。A.severely嚴(yán)重地；B.permanently永久地；C.partly部分地；D.deliberately故意地。根據(jù)上文“itrolledover,destroyingwindows,chassis(底盤),andtheengine.”可知，我的右胳膊受傷嚴(yán)重。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的右胳膊受傷嚴(yán)重，但我們?cè)O(shè)法走回了旅館，它在不遠(yuǎn)處的國家公園里面。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.failed失?。籆.continued繼續(xù)；D.managed設(shè)法做到。根據(jù)后文“towalktoourlodge”可知，我們?cè)O(shè)法回到了旅館。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我的右胳膊受傷嚴(yán)重，但我們?cè)O(shè)法走回了旅館，它在不遠(yuǎn)處的國家公園里面。A.spot地點(diǎn)；B.accident事故；C.country國家；D.park公園。根據(jù)前文“AtMurchinsonFallsNationalPark,wehadacaraccident”可知，事故發(fā)生在該國家公園里，我們可以走回去可以推測我們住的地方離公園不遠(yuǎn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在旅館，我得知大約一小時(shí)車程遠(yuǎn)的Masindi有一家很不錯(cuò)的醫(yī)院后很開心。A.curious好奇的；B.happy快樂的；C.shocked震驚的；D.creative有創(chuàng)造性的。根據(jù)后文“therewasaprettydecentAmericanhospitalinMasindithatwasjustaone-hourdriveaway”可知，得知在不遠(yuǎn)的地方有一家不錯(cuò)的醫(yī)院，我很開心。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：而且，旅館的賓客中有一位護(hù)士，在我們等出租車的時(shí)候，幫我清潔了傷口。A.cleaned清潔；B.cured治愈；C.swept打掃；D.repaired修理。根據(jù)前文“wasanurse”可知，旅館的客人中有一位護(hù)士，幫我清潔了傷口。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在醫(yī)院注射了幾針并縫合傷口后，我準(zhǔn)備前往Masindi的一家新旅館。A.fortunate幸運(yùn)的；B.grateful感激的；C.ready準(zhǔn)備好的；D.relieved寬慰的。根據(jù)后文“headtoournewhotelinMasindi”可知，在醫(yī)院經(jīng)過治療后，我準(zhǔn)備前往新旅館。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我的傷口需要每天換包扎布和輸液，我們被要求在小鎮(zhèn)多住幾天。A.operation操作；B.dressing保護(hù)傷口的敷料；C.pressure壓力；D.recovery恢復(fù)。根據(jù)后文“moreinjections”可知，我的傷口需要每天換包扎布和輸液。故選B項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的傷口需要每天換包扎布和輸液，我們被要求在小鎮(zhèn)多住幾天。A.asked要求；B.forbidden禁止；C.permitted允許；D.taught教授。根據(jù)前文“mywoundrequireddaily____12____andmoreinjections”可知，由于我的傷口需要每天換包扎和輸水，所以我們被要求在小鎮(zhèn)多住幾天。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在小鎮(zhèn)上最主要的事情就是就是逛小鎮(zhèn)，每天去醫(yī)院換藥，所以我們最后會(huì)找一些微不足道的事情做，和醫(yī)護(hù)人員及市場上遇見的人們聊聊天，了解更多他們的風(fēng)俗。A.occasional偶然的；B.daily日常的，每日的；C.risky冒險(xiǎn)的；D.awful糟糕的。根據(jù)前文“mywoundrequireddaily___12____”可知，我的傷口需要每天去醫(yī)院換藥。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：在小鎮(zhèn)上最主要的事情就是就是逛小鎮(zhèn)，每天去醫(yī)院換藥，所以我們最后會(huì)找一些微不足道的事情做，和醫(yī)護(hù)人員及市場上遇見的人們聊聊天，了解更多他們的風(fēng)俗。A.putoff推遲；B.carriedon繼續(xù)；C.insistedon堅(jiān)持；D.endedup最終。根據(jù)前文“Thetown’shighlightswerethemarketandour_______visittothehospital,so”可知，在小鎮(zhèn)上除了逛市場和去醫(yī)院外，沒別的事情可做，所以我們最終會(huì)花費(fèi)時(shí)間在小事上。故選D項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在小鎮(zhèn)上最主要的事情就是就是逛小鎮(zhèn)，每天去醫(yī)院換藥，所以我們最后會(huì)找一些微不足道的事情做，和醫(yī)護(hù)人員及市場上遇見的人們聊聊天，了解更多他們的風(fēng)俗。A.chatting聊天；B.arguing爭論；C.bargaining討價(jià)還價(jià)；D.meeting遇見。根據(jù)后文“withthemedicalstaffandthepeopleinthemarket”可知，我們會(huì)和每天見面的人閑聊。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在我們被允許離開的時(shí)候，我們開車穿越了這個(gè)國家去看別的風(fēng)景。A.exercise鍛煉；B.wander漫游；C.leave離開；D.escape逃跑。根據(jù)后文“wetookaroadtrip”可知，我們最終被允許離開了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不再關(guān)心我們的旅游愿望清單，我們還活著，我們想去體驗(yàn)烏干達(dá)獨(dú)特的自然風(fēng)景和當(dāng)?shù)氐拿耧L(fēng)。A.guide指導(dǎo)；B.list清單；C.approach方法；D.memory記憶。根據(jù)前文“ourtravelbucket”可知，經(jīng)歷了這次事故后，我們不再關(guān)心旅游愿望清單還有多少?zèng)]有實(shí)現(xiàn)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們不再關(guān)心我們的旅游愿望清單，我們還活著，我們想去體驗(yàn)烏干達(dá)獨(dú)特的自然風(fēng)景和當(dāng)?shù)氐拿耧L(fēng)。A.awake醒著的；B.sensitive敏感的；C.allergic過敏的；D.alive活著的。根據(jù)前文“Butwewerealive!”可知，這里與上文照應(yīng)，雖然旅游出車禍住院多天，很多愿望沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)，但我們還活著。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是為了體驗(yàn)而旅行而不是觀光。A.experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)；B.explanation解釋；C.experience經(jīng)歷；D.reflection反思。根據(jù)前文“Intheend,ourUgandatripwasnotabouttheplacesthatwesaw,butthepeoplethatwemet”可知，我們?yōu)醺蛇_(dá)之行不在于看了多少地方，而是見了多少人。最初是想看景點(diǎn)，但最終出車禍住院接觸到形形色色的人們，收獲了不一樣的旅游體驗(yàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。四、語法填空（2023年新高考I卷）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Xiaolongbao(soupdumplings),thoseamazingconstructionsofdelicatedumplingwrappers,encasinghot,____36____(taste)soupandsweet,freshmeat,arefarandawaymyfavoriteChinesestreetfood.Thedumplingsarrivesteaminganddangerouslyhot.Toeatone,youhavetodecidewhether____37____(bite)asmallholeinitfirst,releasingthestreamandriskingaspill(溢出),____38____toputthewholedumplinginyourmouth,lettingthehotsoupexplodeonyourtongue.Shanghaimaybethe____39____(recognize)homeofthesoupdumplingsbutfoodhistorianswillactuallypointyoutotheneighboringcanaltownofNanxiangasXiaolonghao’sbirthplace.Thereyouwillfindthemprepareddifferently-moredumplingandlesssoup,andthewrappersarepressed____40____handratherthanrolled.Nanxiangaside,thebestXiaolongbaohaveafineskin,allowingthem____41____(lift)outofthesteamerbasketwithoutallowingthemtearingorspillinganyof____42____(they)contents.Themeatshouldbefreshwith____43____touchofsweetnessandthesouphot,clearanddelicious.NomatterwhereIbuythem,onesteameris____44____(rare)enough,