【01-暑假?gòu)?fù)習(xí)】專題10常見(jiàn)三大從句(狀語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句)(含答案)-2025年新高一英語(yǔ)暑假銜接講練(譯林版)專題10常見(jiàn)的三大從句(狀語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句)(初高中銜接)內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點(diǎn)聚焦：核心考點(diǎn)+高考考點(diǎn)，有的放矢重點(diǎn)速記：知識(shí)點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)梳理，查漏補(bǔ)缺難點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化：難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升復(fù)習(xí)提升：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破核心考點(diǎn)聚焦考點(diǎn)一狀語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)一狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：when，whenever,while，as，assoonas，since，until，after，before例句：Wheneverhecomes，hebringsafriend.他每次來(lái)都帶個(gè)朋友。條件狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：if，unless，aslongas例句：AslongasIamalive，Iwillgoonstudying.只要我活著，我就要學(xué)習(xí)。原因狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：as，because，since例句：Sincewelivenearthesea，weenjoyniceweather.由于我們住在海邊，所以能享受好的天氣。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：where例句：Putitwhereweallcanseeit.把它放在我們都能看到的位置。目的狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：sothat，inorderthat例句：Finishthissothatyoucanstartanother.把這個(gè)做完，你可以開始另一個(gè)。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：sothat，so...that，such...that例句：Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.他氣得說(shuō)不出話了。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：though，although，evenif，however例句：Thoughheisinpoorhealth，heworkshard.雖然他身體不好，但是他工作很努力。方式狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：as例句：Studentsdoastheteacherssay.學(xué)生們按照老師說(shuō)的去做。比較狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：than，(not)as/so...as例句：Theworkisn'taseasyasIthought.這項(xiàng)工作比我想象得難?！疽谆毂嫖觥?.while，when，aswhen既可以指“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”，與瞬間動(dòng)詞連用，也可以指“時(shí)間段”，與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用(＝while)。如：Whenhecamein，hismotherwascooking.When/Whilewewereatschool，wewenttothelibraryeveryday.while表示時(shí)間段，因此，while從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.as與when用法相似，但著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作與從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，有“隨著……”或“一邊……一邊……”之意。如：Asyougetolder，yougetmoreknowledge.2.because，as，sincebecause用于表示直接原因，回答why提出的問(wèn)題，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)；as用于說(shuō)明原因，著重點(diǎn)在主句，常譯成“由于”；since表示顯然的或已知的理由或事實(shí)，常譯成“既然”。如：Waterisveryimportantbecausewecan'tlivewithoutit.Hedidn'tcomeyesterdayashismotherwasill.I'lldoitforyousinceyouarebusy.3.such...that，so...that，sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別(1)sothat表示結(jié)果和目的時(shí)的區(qū)別：sothat表示目的時(shí)，從句中往往有can,could,may,might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，而表示結(jié)果時(shí)沒(méi)有；sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句可用逗號(hào)與主句分開，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句則不可。Theysetoutearlysothattheyarrivedintime.(結(jié)果)Theysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveintime.(目的)(2)so...that...與such...that...的區(qū)別：so為副詞，修飾形容詞、副詞，不能修飾名詞；such是形容詞，用來(lái)修飾名詞。兩者常用的結(jié)構(gòu)如下：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句,so＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that從句,so＋many/few/much/little(少的)＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可,數(shù)名詞＋that從句))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(such＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句,such＋形容詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋that從句,such＋形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句))Mikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelievehim.＝Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.1.(24-25高一下·吉林長(zhǎng)春·開學(xué)考試)Exhaustedandcold________soldierswere,theypersistedinfinishingtheirlongmarch.2.(24-25高一上·四川達(dá)州·開學(xué)考試)Ididnotunderstandallofthetraditionalcustoms,________afewmadeadeepimpression________me.3.________(assume)thatIamchosentobeavolunteer,Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul.考點(diǎn)二賓語(yǔ)從句4考點(diǎn)二賓語(yǔ)從句在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫作賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，即主語(yǔ)在謂語(yǔ)的前面。1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。that只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.2.在由連接代詞who，whom，whose，what，which和連接副詞when，where，why，how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。Who/Whomdoyouknowtheyarewaitingfor?你知道他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)嗎？Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.他問(wèn)誰(shuí)的書法是最好的。Idon'tknowwhythetrainislate.我不知道為什么火車晚點(diǎn)了。3.以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑問(wèn)句意思的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序。Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.他問(wèn)我是否可以幫助他。注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。(1)當(dāng)從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只用whether不用if。Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切取決于我們是否有足夠的錢。(2)引導(dǎo)詞后直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式或ornot時(shí)，只用whether。Wewerewonderingwhethertogotodayortomorrow.我們想知道今天走還是明天走?！緶剀疤崾尽抠e語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序(1)當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句不受主句的限制，根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。Doyouknowwhetherhehasseenthefilm?你知道他看過(guò)這部電影嗎？Hewantstoknowwhattimeitis.他想知道幾點(diǎn)了。(2)當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去時(shí)的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。Ididn'tknowwhetherhehadseenthefilm.我不知道他是否看過(guò)這部電影。注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，若從句表示的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)原理、格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Hesaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.他說(shuō)地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。1.(24-25高一下·甘肅蘭州·開學(xué)考試)Amodernhospitalhasbeensetupin________wasawastelandtenyearsago.2.Youcanimagine________itwouldbelikedrivingacarintoabrickwallat30milesanhour.3.(24-25高一上·黑龍江牡丹江·開學(xué)考試)Iamwondering________lifeisgoingtobelikehere.考點(diǎn)三定語(yǔ)從句4考點(diǎn)三定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，有時(shí)也可以修飾部分或整個(gè)句子。被修飾的名詞、詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。關(guān)系代詞：who，whom，whose，that，which，as。關(guān)系副詞：when，where，why。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間，起連接作用，同時(shí)又可作定語(yǔ)從句的一個(gè)成分。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須在人稱和數(shù)上和先行詞保持一致。定語(yǔ)從句分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who，whom，that這些詞代替的先行詞是指人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou？(who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ))Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.(who/whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))2.whose用來(lái)指人或物(只用作定語(yǔ)，若指物，它還可以同ofwhich互換)。如：Pleasepassmethebookwhose/ofwhichthecoverisgreen.3.which，that它們所代替的先行詞是表示事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。如：Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.(which/that在從句中作主語(yǔ))Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.(which/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式或原因的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞when，where，why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。如：Thereareoccasionswhen/onwhichonemustyield.Beijingistheplacewhere/inwhichIwasborn.Isthisthereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedouroffer?注意：含有介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不能拆開，介詞仍放在動(dòng)詞后面。Isthisthebookwhich/thatshewaslookingfor?三、“名詞/數(shù)詞/代詞/形容詞最高級(jí)＋介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句Shehaswrittenabook，thenameofwhichIhaveforgotten.Therearefifty-fivestudentsinourclass，allofwhomareworkinghard.Therearesevencontinentsintheworld，thelargestofwhichisAsia.【溫馨提示】關(guān)系代詞that和which都可以指物，that和who都可以指人，其用法區(qū)別：(1)不用that的情況①在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)(錯(cuò))Thetree，thatisfourhundredyearsold，isveryfamoushere.②介詞后不能用Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.③多用who的情況a.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)Afriendwhohelpsyouintimeofneedisarealfriend.b.先行詞為those，people時(shí)Thosewhowereeitherfoolsorunfitfortheirofficescouldnotseethecloth.c.先行詞為all，anyone，ones，one(指人時(shí))Onewhodoesn'tworkhardwillneversucceedinhiswork.d.在Therebe句型中Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeyou.e.在被分隔的定語(yǔ)從句中AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.(2)只能用that作為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況①在不定代詞，如anything，nothing，everything，all，much，few，any，little等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.②先行詞被theonly，thevery，thejust等修飾時(shí)，只用that。Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.③先行詞被序數(shù)詞(含thelast)或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，只用that。ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas“ThePrinceandthePauper”byMarkTwain.④先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathevisited.⑤當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用that以避免重復(fù)。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?⑥關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.1.(24-25高一下·甘肅張掖·開學(xué)考試)Theintelligentyoungteacher,________advocates(倡導(dǎo))integratingnewknowledgewithwhatthestudentsalreadyknow,givesanimpressivelesson.2.(24-25高一下·黑龍江大慶·開學(xué)考試)I’mverygratefultomyhighschoolteachers,without________helpIwouldn’tbesoexcellent.3.(24-25高一下·安徽·開學(xué)考試)Thepath________wearewalkingnowleadstothemountain.4.(24-25高一下·安徽·開學(xué)考試)Thefirefrom________thefamilywassavedwasputoutwithinanhourbythefirefighters.1.________youloseinlife,don’tlosefaithandhope,withwhichyoucanliveahappylifeandachieveyourgoals.2.Putthemedicine________childrencan’treachit.3.Itismorethantenyears________Ibecameateacher.4.Iamalwaysattentiveinallclassesandthinkactivelyso________IcanhavemoretimetodootherthingsIlikesomuch.5.Breakfastisavailabletothefishermen________getupearlyandgofishingintheseafrom6am.6.Itwasontheplatform________youstoodjustnowthatIfoundawallet.7.Thisistheplace________Igrewup.8.Thebook________whichwehadadiscussionyesterdayisveryinteresting.9.Theliterature’sattractionliesmorein________itawakensinusthanwhatitsays10.Janeaskedherfather________hewaslateforthepartythatday.11.Thiswillremindyouof________youareworkingforandkeepyoufocused.12.Aman’sworthliesnotsomuchin________hehasasinwhatheis.提升專練I.單句寫作1.他如此專心讀書以至于根本沒(méi)注意到外面在下雨。(so……that)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________2.昨天當(dāng)我路過(guò)體育室的時(shí)候，我看見(jiàn)Maria在跳舞。(when...)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________3.他沒(méi)有來(lái)學(xué)校是因?yàn)樗兄匾氖虑橐觥?漢譯英)________________________________________________________________4.如果你方便的話，明天下午能幫我籌備一下生日聚會(huì)嗎?(convenient;arrange)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________5.你能告訴我從你家走到學(xué)校要花多少時(shí)間？(take)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________6.我希望能盡快收到你的照片。(hope)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________7.他乞求饒恕他的所作所為。(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________8.我英語(yǔ)很好，這對(duì)與外國(guó)人交流有很大的幫助。(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________9.他們買了一套帶有泳池的大房子。(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________10.獲得一等獎(jiǎng)的人是一個(gè)15歲的男孩。(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________II.閱讀理解(24-25高一下·云南文山·開學(xué)考試)TheSpringFestivalGala,alsoknownasChunwan,isahighly-anticipated(期待)annual(每年的)televisionshowinChina.Itisbroadcastlive(現(xiàn)場(chǎng)直播)onChinaCentralTelevision(CCTV)ontheeveoftheChineseNewYear,attractingbillionsofviewersbothathomeandabroad.Thisgrandshowisablend(融合)ofvariousartforms,includingsinging,dancing,comedysketches(喜劇小品),acrobatics(雜技),andtraditionalChineseopera.Eachperformanceiscarefullycraftedtoshowcasethecharm(魅力)ofChinesecultureandthejoyoftheNewYear.Forexample,thedanceperformancesoftenfeaturetraditionalChinesecostumes(服裝)andchoreography(舞蹈編排),vividlypresentingthelong-standingculturalheritage.Thecomedysketches,withtheirhumorouslanguageandvividportrayals(描述)ofdailylife,bringlaughterandwarmthtotheaudience.TheSpringFestivalGalanotonlyservesasaformofentertainment(娛樂(lè))butalsoasaculturalsymbol.ItplaysacrucialroleinunitingfamiliesduringtheNewYear.AspeoplegatheraroundtheTVtowatchtheshow,itcreatesafestiveandharmoniousatmosphere.Moreover,thegalaalsoreflectsthedevelopmentandchangesofsociety.Throughtheperformances,wecancatchaglimpseofthecountry’sprogressindifferentfields,fromtechnologytoculture.Inconclusion,theSpringFestivalGalaismorethanjustaTVshow;itisaculturalfeastthatenrichesourspirituallifeandstrengthensoursenseofnationalidentity.1.WhenistheSpringFestivalGalabroadcast?A.OnNewYear’sDay. B.OntheeveoftheChineseNewYear.C.InthemiddleoftheChineseNewYearholiday. D.OnthelastdayoftheChineseNewYear.2.WhatcanweinferfromthefactthattheSpringFestivalGalareflectsthedevelopmentandchangesofsociety?A.Theshowsinthegalaarealwaysthesame.B.Theperformancesinthegalaarerelatedtothecurrentsituationofthecountry.C.Thegalahasnothingtodowithmoderntechnology.D.Thecomedysketchesinthegalaonlyfocusonold-fashionedstories.3.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.TointroducethehistoryoftheSpringFestivalGala.B.TodescribetheperformersintheSpringFestivalGala.C.ToexplaintheimportanceoftraditionalChineseoperaintheSpringFestivalGala.D.TointroducetheSpringFestivalGalaasaculturalandentertainingevent.4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasanartformintheSpringFestivalGala?A.Magicshows. B.Singing. C.Comedysketches. D.Acrobatics.III.完形填空(24-25高一上·全國(guó)·課后作業(yè))Jennahadgraduatedfrommiddleschoolandwasreadyfornew1inhighschool.2,highschoolwasdifferent.Inthefirstweek,Jennatriedoutforacheerleadingteam.She3veryexcellentgirls,andsheknewitwouldbedifficultforhertobechosen.Twohourslater,thejudge(裁判)4alistofthegirlsforthesecondtry-out.Hernamewasn’tonthelist.Feeling5,shewalkedhomecarryingherschoolbagfullofhomework.6home,shestartedwithmath.Shehadalwaysbeenagoodmathstudent,butnowshewas7.ShemovedontoEnglishandhistory,andwas8tofindthatshedidn’thaveanytroublewiththosesubjects.Feelingbetter,shedecidednotto9mathforthetimebeing.Thenextdayin

10class,Jennaspentmostofhertimeworkingouttheproblemsthathadgivenhersomuch11.Bytheendofclass,shefinallygottheanswers.Asshegathered(收攏)herbooks,Jenna12she’dcontinuetotrytofitinathernewschool.Shewasn’tsureifshe’dsucceed,butsheknewshehadto13.Highschoolwasjustashermomhadsaid,"Youwillfeellikeasmallfishinabigpond14abigfishinasmallpond.Thechallengeistobecomethe15fishyoucanbe."1.A.courses B.decisions C.challenges D.exercises2.A.So B.However C.Therefore D.Besides3.A.fought B.connected C.beat D.encouraged4.A.pronounced B.forgot C.saw D.heard5.A.strange B.happy C.sad D.lonely6.A.Arriving B.Going C.Staying D.Leaving7.A.struggling B.improving C.working D.continuing8.A.anxious B.disappointed C.scared D.relaxed9.A.workwith B.preparefor C.worryabout D.giveup10.A.physics B.history C.English D.math11.A.pleasure B.hope C.trouble D.courage12.A.decided B.accepted C.refused D.felt13.A.swim B.try C.ask D.travel14.A.inexchangefor B.incaseof C.intermsof D.insteadof15.A.thinnest B.smallest C.best D.gentlestIV.語(yǔ)法填空閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。(24-25高一下·云南昭通·開學(xué)考試)Videosof78-year-oldXuXiuzhen,1speaksdifferentlanguageswhileworkingonascenicspotsellingwaterandpostcards,havewonherinstantfame.2(locate)atthebaseofMoonHill,Xu’svillageisapopulartouristdestinationfamousforamoon-shapedhole.ShehasbeenworkingasatourguideinYangshuo,3county(縣)inGuangxiZhuangAutonomousRegion.4(support)herfamily,Xudroppedoutofjuniorschoolandmanyyearslaterbegantolearndifferentlanguagesinordertoattractmoreforeignvisitors.Xusaidshewouldchangewordsinanylanguage5Chinesecharactersbasedontheirpronunciationandthenmemorizethem.Repeatingthewordsinherheadbeforegoingtobedandimmediatelyafter6(wake)uphasgivenherfluencyinbasicconversationswithforeigners.Overthepasttwodecades,Xu7(teach)herselfelevenforeignlanguages,includingEnglish,SpanishandKorean.Inadditiontomakingherincrediblypopular,herlinguisticskillshavemade8easierforhertocommunicatewithforeigntourists.Xuhasalsobecomeoneofthe9(busy)tourguidesinYangshuo.Herreputationdrawsalargecrowdoftouristseveryday,especiallyforeignvisitors,whocometomeetthemultilingual(說(shuō)多種語(yǔ)言的)guideoutof10(admire).V.應(yīng)用文寫作(24-25高一下·云南·開學(xué)考試)假定你是李華，你在校英文報(bào)“LearningEnglish”專欄看到一位署名Fish的同學(xué)求教如何提升口語(yǔ)。請(qǐng)你給他回復(fù)、進(jìn)行交流。內(nèi)容包括：(1)分享經(jīng)驗(yàn)和方法；(2)提出你個(gè)人的問(wèn)題并尋求幫助。注意：(1)寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；(2)請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearFish,I’mrathergladtosharewithyouhowtoimprovespokenEnglish.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua專題10常見(jiàn)的三大從句(狀語(yǔ)從句，賓語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句)(初高中銜接)內(nèi)容導(dǎo)航考點(diǎn)聚焦：核心考點(diǎn)+高考考點(diǎn)，有的放矢重點(diǎn)速記：知識(shí)點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)梳理，查漏補(bǔ)缺難點(diǎn)強(qiáng)化：難點(diǎn)內(nèi)容標(biāo)注與講解，能力提升復(fù)習(xí)提升：真題感知+提升專練，全面突破核心考點(diǎn)聚焦考點(diǎn)一狀語(yǔ)從句考點(diǎn)一狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：when，whenever,while，as，assoonas，since，until，after，before例句：Wheneverhecomes，hebringsafriend.他每次來(lái)都帶個(gè)朋友。條件狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：if，unless，aslongas例句：AslongasIamalive，Iwillgoonstudying.只要我活著，我就要學(xué)習(xí)。原因狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：as，because，since例句：Sincewelivenearthesea，weenjoyniceweather.由于我們住在海邊，所以能享受好的天氣。地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：where例句：Putitwhereweallcanseeit.把它放在我們都能看到的位置。目的狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：sothat，inorderthat例句：Finishthissothatyoucanstartanother.把這個(gè)做完，你可以開始另一個(gè)。結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：sothat，so...that，such...that例句：Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.他氣得說(shuō)不出話了。讓步狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：though，although，evenif，however例句：Thoughheisinpoorhealth，heworkshard.雖然他身體不好，但是他工作很努力。方式狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：as例句：Studentsdoastheteacherssay.學(xué)生們按照老師說(shuō)的去做。比較狀語(yǔ)從句連接詞：than，(not)as/so...as例句：Theworkisn'taseasyasIthought.這項(xiàng)工作比我想象得難?！疽谆毂嫖觥?.while，when，aswhen既可以指“時(shí)間點(diǎn)”，與瞬間動(dòng)詞連用，也可以指“時(shí)間段”，與延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用(＝while)。如：Whenhecamein，hismotherwascooking.When/Whilewewereatschool，wewenttothelibraryeveryday.while表示時(shí)間段，因此，while從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.as與when用法相似，但著重強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作與從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，有“隨著……”或“一邊……一邊……”之意。如：Asyougetolder，yougetmoreknowledge.2.because，as，sincebecause用于表示直接原因，回答why提出的問(wèn)題，語(yǔ)氣最強(qiáng)；as用于說(shuō)明原因，著重點(diǎn)在主句，常譯成“由于”；since表示顯然的或已知的理由或事實(shí)，常譯成“既然”。如：Waterisveryimportantbecausewecan'tlivewithoutit.Hedidn'tcomeyesterdayashismotherwasill.I'lldoitforyousinceyouarebusy.3.such...that，so...that，sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的區(qū)別(1)sothat表示結(jié)果和目的時(shí)的區(qū)別：sothat表示目的時(shí)，從句中往往有can,could,may,might等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，而表示結(jié)果時(shí)沒(méi)有；sothat引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句可用逗號(hào)與主句分開，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句則不可。Theysetoutearlysothattheyarrivedintime.(結(jié)果)Theysetoutearlysothattheymightarriveintime.(目的)(2)so...that...與such...that...的區(qū)別：so為副詞，修飾形容詞、副詞，不能修飾名詞；such是形容詞，用來(lái)修飾名詞。兩者常用的結(jié)構(gòu)如下：eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(so＋形容詞/副詞＋that從句,so＋形容詞＋a/an＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞＋that從句,so＋many/few/much/little(少的)＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞/不可,數(shù)名詞＋that從句))eq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(such＋a/an＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that從句,such＋形容詞＋復(fù)數(shù)名詞＋that從句,such＋形容詞＋不可數(shù)名詞＋that從句))Mikeissohonestaworkerthatweallbelievehim.＝Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.Heearnedsolittlemoneythathecouldn'tsupporthisfamily.Itissuchfineweatherthatweallwanttogotothepark.1.(24-25高一下·吉林長(zhǎng)春·開學(xué)考試)Exhaustedandcold________soldierswere,theypersistedinfinishingtheirlongmarch.【答案】as/though【詳解】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：盡管士兵們又累又冷，他們還是堅(jiān)持走完長(zhǎng)征?！笆勘鴤冇掷塾掷洹焙汀八麄儓?jiān)持走完長(zhǎng)征”之間是讓步的關(guān)系，且形容詞Exhausted和cold置于句首，從句使用了部分倒裝，因此用連詞as或though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故填as/though。2.(24-25高一上·四川達(dá)州·開學(xué)考試)Ididnotunderstandallofthetraditionalcustoms,________afewmadeadeepimpression________me.【答案】although/though;on【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句和固定短語(yǔ)。句意：我并不了解所有的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗，盡管有一些習(xí)俗確實(shí)給我留下了深刻的印象。第一空引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句用從屬連詞although/though，固定短語(yǔ)makeadeepimpressionon(給……留下深刻的印象)。故填①although/though②on。3.________(assume)thatIamchosentobeavolunteer,Iwillservethepeopleheartandsoul.【答案】Assuming【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：假如我被選為志愿者，我將全心全意為人民服務(wù)。此處缺少連接詞，assuming“假如”引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句，符合句意，位于句首注意首字母大寫。故填A(yù)ssuming。4.Wearewillingtoofferhelp,nomatter________isintrouble.【答案】who考點(diǎn)二賓語(yǔ)從句【詳解】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：無(wú)論誰(shuí)有麻煩，我們都愿意提供幫助。結(jié)合句意，用nomatterwho(無(wú)論誰(shuí))引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。故填考點(diǎn)二賓語(yǔ)從句在句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句叫作賓語(yǔ)從句。賓語(yǔ)從句可作謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，也可作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。賓語(yǔ)從句用陳述語(yǔ)序，即主語(yǔ)在謂語(yǔ)的前面。1.由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。that只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和非正式文體中可以省略。Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.2.在由連接代詞who，whom，whose，what，which和連接副詞when，where，why，how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句中，這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。Who/Whomdoyouknowtheyarewaitingfor?你知道他們?cè)诘日l(shuí)嗎？Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.他問(wèn)誰(shuí)的書法是最好的。Idon'tknowwhythetrainislate.我不知道為什么火車晚點(diǎn)了。3.以whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，主要用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一般疑問(wèn)句意思或選擇疑問(wèn)句意思的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句同樣是陳述語(yǔ)序。Heaskedmeif/whetherIcouldhelphim.他問(wèn)我是否可以幫助他。注意：一般情況下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情況例外。(1)當(dāng)從句作介詞的賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只用whether不用if。Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney.一切取決于我們是否有足夠的錢。(2)引導(dǎo)詞后直接跟動(dòng)詞不定式或ornot時(shí)，只用whether。Wewerewonderingwhethertogotodayortomorrow.我們想知道今天走還是明天走。【溫馨提示】賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)序(1)當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，一般將來(lái)時(shí)或祈使句時(shí)，從句不受主句的限制，根據(jù)自身的需要選用相應(yīng)的時(shí)態(tài)。Doyouknowwhetherhehasseenthefilm?你知道他看過(guò)這部電影嗎？Hewantstoknowwhattimeitis.他想知道幾點(diǎn)了。(2)當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去時(shí)的相應(yīng)時(shí)態(tài)。Ididn'tknowwhetherhehadseenthefilm.我不知道他是否看過(guò)這部電影。注意：當(dāng)主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，若從句表示的是客觀真理、自然現(xiàn)象、科學(xué)原理、格言等，從句仍然要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。Hesaidthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.他說(shuō)地球圍著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。1.(24-25高一下·甘肅蘭州·開學(xué)考試)Amodernhospitalhasbeensetupin________wasawastelandtenyearsago.【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：在十年前還是荒地的地方建了一所現(xiàn)代化的醫(yī)院。空處引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)，指物，使用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)，故填what。2.Youcanimagine________itwouldbelikedrivingacarintoabrickwallat30milesanhour.【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。句意：你可以想象一輛汽車以每小時(shí)30英里的速度撞在一堵磚墻上的情景。分析句子可知此處要用what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，what在句中充當(dāng)like的賓語(yǔ)，表示“什么”。故填what。3.(24-25高一上·黑龍江牡丹江·開學(xué)考試)Iamwondering________lifeisgoingtobelikehere.【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：我想知道這的生活將會(huì)是什么樣子。劃線詞引導(dǎo)的句子作動(dòng)詞wonder的賓語(yǔ)，根據(jù)句意“生活會(huì)是什么樣子”可知，從句引導(dǎo)詞作賓語(yǔ)，用連接詞what。故填what。4.Youcanimagine________itwouldbelikelivingonthemoon.【答案】what考點(diǎn)三定語(yǔ)從句【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：你可以想象在月球上生活會(huì)是什么樣子。根據(jù)空前的動(dòng)詞inagine可知該空引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少賓語(yǔ)，表示“什么”應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填考點(diǎn)三定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句在句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾一個(gè)名詞或代詞，有時(shí)也可以修飾部分或整個(gè)句子。被修飾的名詞、詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語(yǔ)從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關(guān)系詞(關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞)引出。關(guān)系代詞：who，whom，whose，that，which，as。關(guān)系副詞：when，where，why。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞放在先行詞和定語(yǔ)從句之間，起連接作用，同時(shí)又可作定語(yǔ)從句的一個(gè)成分。當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略。定語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須在人稱和數(shù)上和先行詞保持一致。定語(yǔ)從句分為限制性定語(yǔ)從句和非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。一、關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1.who，whom，that這些詞代替的先行詞是指人的名詞或代詞，在從句中所起作用如下：Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou？(who/that在從句中作主語(yǔ))Heistheman(who/whom/that)Isawyesterday.(who/whom/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))2.whose用來(lái)指人或物(只用作定語(yǔ)，若指物，它還可以同ofwhich互換)。如：Pleasepassmethebookwhose/ofwhichthecoverisgreen.3.which，that它們所代替的先行詞是表示事物的名詞或代詞，在從句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)等。如：Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.(which/that在從句中作主語(yǔ))Thepackage(which/that)youarecarryingisabouttocomeunwrapped.(which/that在從句中作賓語(yǔ))二、關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、方式或原因的名詞，在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。關(guān)系副詞when，where，why的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞＋which”結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。如：Thereareoccasionswhen/onwhichonemustyield.Beijingistheplacewhere/inwhichIwasborn.Isthisthereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedouroffer?注意：含有介詞的短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般不能拆開，介詞仍放在動(dòng)詞后面。Isthisthebookwhich/thatshewaslookingfor?三、“名詞/數(shù)詞/代詞/形容詞最高級(jí)＋介詞＋關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句Shehaswrittenabook，thenameofwhichIhaveforgotten.Therearefifty-fivestudentsinourclass，allofwhomareworkinghard.Therearesevencontinentsintheworld，thelargestofwhichisAsia.【溫馨提示】關(guān)系代詞that和which都可以指物，that和who都可以指人，其用法區(qū)別：(1)不用that的情況①在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)(錯(cuò))Thetree，thatisfourhundredyearsold，isveryfamoushere.②介詞后不能用Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.③多用who的情況a.關(guān)系代詞在從句中作主語(yǔ)Afriendwhohelpsyouintimeofneedisarealfriend.b.先行詞為those，people時(shí)Thosewhowereeitherfoolsorunfitfortheirofficescouldnotseethecloth.c.先行詞為all，anyone，ones，one(指人時(shí))Onewhodoesn'tworkhardwillneversucceedinhiswork.d.在Therebe句型中Thereisastrangerwhowantstoseeyou.e.在被分隔的定語(yǔ)從句中AnewteacherwillcometomorrowwhowillteachyouGerman.(2)只能用that作為定語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況①在不定代詞，如anything，nothing，everything，all，much，few，any，little等作先行詞時(shí)，只用that，不用which。Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.②先行詞被theonly，thevery，thejust等修飾時(shí)，只用that。Heistheverymanthathelpedthegirloutofthewater.③先行詞被序數(shù)詞(含thelast)或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)，只用that。ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas“ThePrinceandthePauper”byMarkTwain.④先行詞既有人，又有物時(shí)。Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolsthathevisited.⑤當(dāng)主句是以who或which開頭的特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用that以避免重復(fù)。Whoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?⑥關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語(yǔ)時(shí)。Heisnotthemanthatheusedtobe.1.(24-25高一下·甘肅張掖·開學(xué)考試)Theintelligentyoungteacher,________advocates(倡導(dǎo))integratingnewknowledgewithwhatthestudentsalreadyknow,givesanimpressivelesson.【答案】who【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這位聰明的年輕老師提倡把新知識(shí)和學(xué)生們所學(xué)的知識(shí)結(jié)合起來(lái)，他的課給人留下了深刻的印象。非限制性定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞teacher，在從句作主語(yǔ)，指人。故填who。2.(24-25高一下·黑龍江大慶·開學(xué)考試)I’mverygratefultomyhighschoolteachers,without________helpIwouldn’tbesoexcellent.【答案】whose【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我非常感謝我的高中老師，沒(méi)有他們的幫助，我就不會(huì)這么優(yōu)秀。逗號(hào)后的部分是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，關(guān)系詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，修飾空格后的名詞help，且意義為“其，……的”，所以關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)從句。故填whose。3.(24-25高一下·安徽·開學(xué)考試)Thepath________wearewalkingnowleadstothemountain.【答案】where【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們現(xiàn)在走的那條小路通向那座山。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞thepath，在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，需用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。故填where。4.(24-25高一下·安徽·開學(xué)考試)Thefirefrom________thefamilywassavedwasputoutwithinanhourbythefirefighters.【答案】which【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：消防隊(duì)員在一小時(shí)內(nèi)撲滅了那場(chǎng)大火，使這家人得救?？仗幣cfrom構(gòu)成“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”引導(dǎo)的限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為thefire，作從句中from的賓語(yǔ)，表示物，用which。故填which。1.________youloseinlife,don’tlosefaithandhope,withwhichyoucanliveahappylifeandachieveyourgoals.【答案】Whatever【詳解】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：無(wú)論你在生活中失去了什么，都不要失去信心和希望，有了信心和希望你就能過(guò)上幸福的生活并實(shí)現(xiàn)你的目標(biāo)。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，表示“無(wú)論什么”需要whatever，位于句首首字母大寫，故填Whatever。2.Putthemedicine________childrencan’treachit.【答案】where【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：把藥放在孩子們夠不到的地方。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，這是一個(gè)包含地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，使用where引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句，故填where。3.Itismorethantenyears________Ibecameateacher.【答案】since【詳解】考查固定句型和連詞。句意：我當(dāng)老師已經(jīng)十多年了。此處為固定句型：itis+一段時(shí)間+since+句子，意為“(自)……已經(jīng)多久”，since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。故填since。4.Iamalwaysattentiveinallclassesandthinkactivelyso________IcanhavemoretimetodootherthingsIlikesomuch.【答案】that【詳解】考查目的狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：我在所有的課上都很專心，積極思考，這樣我就有更多的時(shí)間做我喜歡的其他事情。分析句子可知，此處是“sothat”引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“以至于”，故填that。5.Breakfastisavailabletothefishermen________getupearlyandgofishingintheseafrom6am.【答案】who/that【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：早餐提供給那些早上6點(diǎn)就起床去海里捕魚的漁民。空處引導(dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為thefishermen，作從句中的主語(yǔ)，表示人，可以用who/that引導(dǎo)從句。故填who/that。6.Itwasontheplatform________youstoodjustnowthatIfoundawallet.【答案】where【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我就是在你剛才站的那個(gè)站臺(tái)上撿到一個(gè)錢包的。此處需要使用關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞platform，先行詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此需使用關(guān)系副詞where。故填where。7.Thisistheplace________Igrewup.【答案】where【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：這是我長(zhǎng)大的地方?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是place，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)，故填where。8.Thebook________whichwehadadiscussionyesterdayisveryinteresting.【答案】about【詳解】考查介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我們昨天討論過(guò)的那本書很有趣。分析句子可知，“haveadiscussionaboutsth.”是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“關(guān)于某事進(jìn)行討論”。在這個(gè)句子中，“Thebook”是先行詞，which和about構(gòu)成“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。故填about。9.Theliterature’sattractionliesmorein________itawakensinusthanwhatitsays【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：文學(xué)的吸引力更多的是它在我們身上喚醒的東西，而不是它說(shuō)的東西。介詞in后接賓語(yǔ)從句，從句缺少賓語(yǔ)，且指物，所以用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)。故填what。10.Janeaskedherfather________hewaslateforthepartythatday.【答案】why【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：Jane問(wèn)她父親那天聚會(huì)為什么遲到。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)為連接詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺少主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，句意不完整，結(jié)合句意可知，此處表示“為什么”符合語(yǔ)境，所以此處應(yīng)使用連接副詞why。故填why。11.Thiswillremindyouof________youareworkingforandkeepyoufocused.【答案】what【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句。句意：這會(huì)提醒你工作的目的，讓你集中精力。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，作從句介詞for的賓語(yǔ)，指事物，用連接代詞what。故填what。12.Aman’sworthliesnotsomuchin________hehasasinwhatheis.【答案】what【詳解】考查名詞性從句。句意：一個(gè)人的價(jià)值不在于他擁有什么，而在于他是什么。連接代詞what引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)，在從句中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)，表示“……的人/事/物”。分析句子可知，空格后是賓語(yǔ)從句，從句引導(dǎo)詞在從句中作has的賓語(yǔ)，表示“他所擁有的東西”。綜上，應(yīng)用連接代詞what引導(dǎo)詞該賓語(yǔ)從句。故填what。提升專練I.單句寫作1.他如此專心讀書以至于根本沒(méi)注意到外面在下雨。(so……that)(漢譯英)________________________________________________________________【答案】Hewassoabsorbedinhisbookthathedidn’tnoticeitwasrainingoutside.【詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句和短語(yǔ)。主句主語(yǔ)為He；表示“專心讀書”用短語(yǔ)beabsorbedinhisbook；表示“如此……以至于……”用句式so...that...，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句；表示“注意”用動(dòng)詞notice；分析可知，本句為陳述過(guò)去事情，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。動(dòng)詞notice后接賓語(yǔ)從句，可省略連接詞that；從句表示“外面在下雨”，為過(guò)去正在發(fā)生的事情，用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，翻譯為itwasrainingoutside。故翻譯為Hewassoabsorbedinhisbookthathedidn’tnoticeitwasrainingoutside。2.昨天當(dāng)我路過(guò)體育室的時(shí)候，我看見(jiàn)Maria在跳舞。(when...)(漢譯英)_____________________