[單元基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)練]Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空asleep.Insnowbeginstofall，bearsgointocavesandfallasleep.Inotherwords，theybegintohibernate(冬眠)．2．Itis/hasbeenfiveyearssinceIvisitedthepalace.3．Itwasnotuntilhefinishedhishomeworkthathewenthome.4．Thepathgoesundertheriverbywayofthetunnel.5．WearegoodfriendsandIcangotoherforhelpatanytime.6．Sickness，bined(bine)withterribleweather，ruinedthetrip.7．Muchtohismother'sdisappointment，hersondidn'tpasstheentranceexamination.8．Don'tstandinthe/myway；I'mbusypackingupmybaggage.9．Thegovernmentshouldtakeeffective(effect)measurestolivethroughthiseconomicalcrisis.10．Helefttheclassroomwithoutpermission(permit)．Ⅱ.單句改錯(cuò)(按高考試卷要求在原句中修改)1．HistriptoIndiamadestrongimpressiononhim.答案：HistriptoIndiamadeeq\o(∧,\s\do14(a))strongimpressiononhim.2．Everyonelooksforwardtosuccess，ifinone'spersonallifeorinthegeneralsociety.答案：Everyonelooksforwardtosuccess，eq\o(if,\s\do14(whether))inone'spersonallifeorinthegeneralsociety.3．TheclimateinKunmingisusuallyverywarmwithalittlesnowfallingincoldwinteratalltimes.答案：TheclimateinKunmingisusuallyverywarmwithalittlesnowfallingincoldwinterattimes.4．Hecarriedonthebusinessunderbinationwithhisfriends.答案：Hecarriedonthebusinesseq\o(under,\s\do14(in))binationwithhisfriends.5．Basingonmyownview，thisideaisacceptable.答案：eq\o(Basing,\s\do14(Based))onmyownview，thisideaisacceptable.6．Ifyouwanttodoso，youmustaskpermissionfirst.答案：Ifyouwanttodoso，youmustaskeq\o(∧,\s\do14(for))permissionfirst.7．Theoldmanisusedtogototheparktodosomeexercisebutnowheisillinbed.答案：Theoldmanusedtogototheparktodosomeexercisebutnowheisillinbed.8．Wordscamethatthemayorwouldsoonvisitourschool，whichexcitedus.答案：eq\o(Words,\s\do14(Word))camethatthemayorwouldsoonvisitourschool，whichexcitedus.9．Allvicemanagersareresponsibleforthegeneralmanager.答案：Allvicemanagersareresponsibleeq\o(for,\s\do14(to))thegeneralmanager.10．Hehasgotusedtoliveinthebigcitynow.答案：Hehasgotusedtoeq\o(live,\s\do14(living))inthebigcitynow.Ⅲ.完成句子1．Insomewaysthisjobisdifficult.在某些方面，這項(xiàng)工作是很難的。2．HehasbrokenhiswordsomanytimesthatIcannottrusthimanymore.他經(jīng)常食言，我再也不相信他了。3．Joanwascleverandatthesametimeshelikedtofinishherhomeworkaheadoftime.瓊很聰明，同時(shí)她喜歡提前做完作業(yè)。4．BlackpeopleweredeniedthevoteintheUSuntil1950s.美國(guó)黑人直到20世紀(jì)50年代才獲得選舉權(quán)。5．It'sbeenyearssinceIenjoyedmyselfsomuch.我已有很多年沒(méi)有那樣痛快過(guò)了。6．EastAfrica'sfirstmodernelectrifiedstandardrailwaywasopentopublic，whichwouldcertainlyhaveagreateffecton.東非第一條現(xiàn)代電氣化標(biāo)準(zhǔn)鐵路向公眾開(kāi)放，這將對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣竦纳町a(chǎn)生重大影響。[教材素養(yǎng)提升練]Ⅳ.教材與語(yǔ)法填空Alanis—ATruePerformerCanadiansingerandsongwriter，Alanis，isusedto1.being(be)inthepubliceye.HermostfamousalbumisJaggedLittlePill.LastThursdaynight，hundredsoffanswenttoseeher2.performing(perform)inconcertattheCornExchangeinCambridge.ShehasastrongfanbaseinEngland.Therewasnot3.anemptyseatanywhereintheconcerthall，thoughitwasan4.extremely(extreme)coldnight.Shegaveacreativeand5.powerful(power)performanceinthesong“Utopia”，thefirstpartofwhichwasfilledwithanger，6.whilethelastpartexpressedloveandjoy.Althoughtheconcerthallwascoldandthesoundsystemcausedafew7.problems(problem)，theaudiencecouldstillenjoytheconcert.Manypeoplewerelongtimefansandsangalong8.tonearlyeverysong.Throughouttheconcert，theatmosphereinsidetheconcerthallwasextremely9.exciting(excite)．Everyoneagreedthattheyweregreatly10.impressed(impress)byherbrilliantmusicandsinging.Shewasatrueperformer.Ⅴ.教材與短文改錯(cuò)Konggoesforfolk!KongXiangdongisaworldfamouspianist.Butitisnoteasyforhimtosuccess.Ashismotherwasagreatmusiclover，musichasalwaysbeenpartofhislife.Buthismothercouldn'tbuyhimapianobeforehewasseven.Shehadtodrawpianokeysonapieceofpapersothathecouldpractiseasmoreearlyaspossible.Hewasmadepractisesomuchashewantedtogiveupattimes.However，heneverquitted/quit.Andattheageof18，hebecametheyoungerprizewinnerinaimportantinternationalpetition.Butafteryearsofperforming，hefeltthatinsomewayhehadlosthisownstyle.LastweekhesurprisedhisfansbygivingaconcertbiningclassicalmusictoChinesefolkmusic.Heexplainedthathewantedtocreatesomethingnew，andthatitcouldbringChinesefolkmusictotherestoftheworld.TheconcertwassoasuccessthatKong'sDreamTourConcertisexpectedtorunforthenexttwoyearsinmanybigcities.答案：Konggoesforfolk!KongXiangdongisaworldfamouspianist.Butitisnoteasyforhimtoeq\o(success,\s\do14(succeed)).Ashismotherwasagreatmusiclover，musichasalwaysbeenpartofhislife.Buthismothercouldn'tbuyhimapianoeq\o(before,\s\do14(until))hewasseven.Shehadtodrawpianokeysonapieceofpapersothathecouldpractiseasearlyaspossible.Hewasmadeeq\o(∧,\s\do14(to))practisesomucheq\o(as,\s\do14(that))hewantedtogiveupattimes.However，heneverquitted/quit.Andattheageof18，hebecametheeq\o(younger,\s\do14(youngest))prizewinnerineq\o(a,\s\do14(an))importantinternationalpetition.Butafteryearsofperforming，hefeltthatinsomeeq\o(way,\s\do14(ways))hehadlosthisownstyle.Lastweekhesurprisedhisfansbygivingaconcertbiningclassicalmusiceq\o(to,\s\do14(with))Chinesefolkmusic.Heexplainedthathewantedtocreatesomethingnew，andthatitcouldbringChinesefolkmusictotherestoftheworld.Theconcertwaseq\o(so,\s\do14(such))asuccessthatKong'sDreamTourConcertisexpectedtorunforthenexttwoyearsinmanybigcities.[高考題型組合練]Ⅵ.閱讀理解AIfyouareahighschoolstudentwhowillgraduatein2018，or2019，weinviteyoutoexploreallthatHarvard'sSecondarySchoolProgramhastooffer.ChallengeyourselfacademicallywhileattendingcollegecoursesNeuroscience，philosophy，creativewriting，andputerscience—thesearejustafewofthe200-pluscoursesyoucanchoosefrom.Branchoutfromtypicalhighschoolofferings，andexploremoreadvancedtopicsthatyouhavenochancetolearnbackhome.You'llstudywithHarvardteacherswhoteachthesamecoursestoHarvardCollegestudentsduringtheacademicyear.ExpandyourworldviewLearnandconnectwithstudentsfromallovertheglobe.You'llbroadenyourhorizons，buildalastingnetworkofdiverseindividuals，andgainabetterunderstandingofothercultures.OncampusyoucanenjoyallthatHarvardhastooffer.ConductexperimentsinHarvardlabs，performresearchintheworld'slargestuniversitylibrary，orworkoutinourfullyequippedfitnessfacilities(設(shè)施)．BeeastrongcollegeapplicantYoucanparticipateinavarietyofactivitiesthatexposeyoutocollegeacademics，campuslife，andtheadmissionprocess，including：●Acollegefairwithmorethan60colleges，includingDuke，Stanford，Columbia，theUniversityofNorthCarolina，andmanymore●OrganizedvisitstoNewEnglandcollegessuchasBrownandYale●Collegecounselingsessionswithassistantdeanswhocanhelpyouselecttheuniversitythat'srightforyou●WorkshopstoprepareyoutowriteacollegeapplicationessayortakecollegeexamsThetransformationbeginshereFromthemomentyousteponcampus，you'llbelostintheHarvardexperience.Alongwithfellowstudentsfromaroundtheworld，you'lllearn，grow，andhavefunintheprocess.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]這是一則廣告，主要介紹了哈佛大學(xué)中學(xué)項(xiàng)目為即將在2018或2019年畢業(yè)的高中生舉辦的活動(dòng)。1.Whatdoweknowaboutthecoursesoffered?A．Theywilllastforabout2years.B．They'reunavailableinhighschool.C．There'rejustafewchoices.D．They'respeciallydesignedforhighschoolstudents.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第二段提到了該項(xiàng)目提供200多種課程，緊接著說(shuō)“Branchoutfromtypicalhighschoolofferings...youhavenochancetolearnbackhome”，由此可知，這些課程是高中沒(méi)有的，故答案為B項(xiàng)。答案：B2．WhatbenefitcanstudentsgetfromtheProgram?A．Enlargetheircircleoffriends.B．Improvetheirattitudetowardlife.C．Findwheretheirinterestlies.D．BemorelikelytobeadmittedtoHarvard.解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Learnandconnectwithstudentsfromallovertheglobe.”和最后一段中的“Alongwithfellowstudentsfromaroundtheworld，you'lllearn，grow，andhavefunintheprocess.”可推知，在活動(dòng)期間，你會(huì)結(jié)識(shí)來(lái)自世界各地的學(xué)生，這樣就可以擴(kuò)大自己的朋友圈。故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A3．WhatcanstudentsdointheProgram?A．HaveatourofYaleUniversity.B．Takecollegeentranceexams.C．Decideontheirfutureuniversity.D．Joininvariousculturalactivities.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文中的“OrganizedvisitstoNewEnglandcollegessuchasBrownandYale”可知，學(xué)生可以參觀耶魯大學(xué)。故選A項(xiàng)。答案：A4．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．Tolistwaysofpreparingforcollege.B．Toadvertiseaprogramfrom60colleges.C．Tointroduceastudent-centeredprogram.D．ToshowreadershowexcellentHarvardis.解析：作者意圖題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了哈佛大學(xué)中學(xué)項(xiàng)目為即將在2018或2019年畢業(yè)的高中生舉辦的活動(dòng)。故作者寫(xiě)作本文的目的是介紹一個(gè)以學(xué)生為中心的項(xiàng)目，C項(xiàng)符合題意。答案：CBIt'scoldanddarkoutside，andyourbedissowarmandfortable.Goingforarunseemslikesuchabadidea.Butbeforeyouhideyourrunningshoes，itmightbeworthgivingthatcrazyideaago.AccordingtoTheHuffingtonPost，anoutdoorruninwinter，asopposedtooneonatreadmill(跑步機(jī))，burnsmorecaloriesbecausethebodyisworkinghardtoregulate(調(diào)節(jié))itscoretemperature.Furthermore，researchshowsthatracetimesarefasterincoldweatherthaninwarmertemperatures—andquickerrunsburnmorecalories.Similarly，coldweatheralsomakestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebody，makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.Outdoorexercisealsoturnsupyourenergyandridsyouofthestressanddepressionthatbuildupeveryday.Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster，butcoldweatherisrefreshing.Itadjustsyoutoyoursurroundings，makingyoufeelalive.Ofcourse，thethreatofsmoginsomebuilt-upareasisafurtherhurdletowinterexercise.Heartattacks，strokes，lungcancerandasthmaarealldangersofrunninginsmog.Thebinationofairpollutionandexerciseincreasesthepotentialproblems.Ifyoudochoosetorunoutsideonsmoggydays，takeapathinaparkorresidentialareatoavoidcarexhaust(廢氣)，andgoearlyinthemorning，beforerushhour.Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了冬季戶(hù)外跑步的意義和方法。冬季戶(hù)外跑步能燃燒更多的熱量，讓肌肉更強(qiáng)健，心臟更健康，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)避免在霧霾時(shí)進(jìn)行戶(hù)外活動(dòng)。5．Howdoescoldweatherbenefitrunners，paredwithwarmweather?A．Theycanrunmoreslowly.B．Theycantakeinmorecalories.C．Theirheartscanfunctionharder.D．Theirbodytemperaturecangetlower.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干關(guān)鍵詞“benefit”和“paredwithwarmweather”可將答案定位至第二段的最后一句“Similarly...makestheheartworkhardertodistributebloodthroughthebody，makingthatvitalmuscleevenstronger.”可知，與溫暖的天氣相比，在寒冷的天氣里戶(hù)外跑步能使心臟更健康，故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C6．Howdoessummeraffectrunners?A．Itbuildsuptheirenergyquickly.B．Itmakesrunnerstiredeasily.C．Itlessensrunners'stress.D．Itcausesheartattacks.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“Theheatandhumidityinsummercandragyoudownandtireyoufaster”可知，夏季的炎熱和濕氣容易讓跑步的人很快就感到疲勞，故B項(xiàng)正確。答案：B7．Whataretherunnerssupposedtodoonsmoggydays?A．Stopdrivingcars.B．Domoreexercise.C．Avoidoutdoorexercise.D．Runlateinthemorning.解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Butstayinginsideonsmoggydaysandwaitingforthenextcleardaytorunisbest.”可知，如果有霧霾，最好待在室內(nèi)，等到天氣晴朗時(shí)再跑步，故C項(xiàng)正確。答案：C8．Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?A．RefreshwithaWinterRunB．TakeOutdoorExerciseinSummerC．GotoRuninaParkD．FollowtheTipstoReduceStress解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了冬季早晨戶(hù)外跑步的意義和方法。冬季跑步能燃燒更多的熱量，讓肌肉更強(qiáng)健，心臟更健康，但是應(yīng)當(dāng)避免在霧霾天氣進(jìn)行戶(hù)外活動(dòng)。據(jù)此可以判斷，A項(xiàng)最能概括文意，故A項(xiàng)正確。答案：AⅦ.完形填空J(rèn)akeOlsonlosthislefteyewhenhewaseightmonthsoldbecauseofaborncancer.1itwascontrolledthroughtreatments，itreappearedand2thelossofhisrighteye.Butafteryearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam，Jakehas3theimpossibledream.He'snowapartoftheteam，despitehistotal4，playingthegamenotbasedonsightbuton5.Beinga6fanoftheUSCTrojans，oneofJake'slast7beforehelosthiseyewastowatchtheteamplayatNotreDame.Hisstronglikingforthesportdidn'tgo8—formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy，invitinghimtomeetthe9.Inspiredbythoseplayers，Jakehopedtobe10inhisschool'sfootballteam.Atfirsthedidn'tthinkhewouldbeofanyreal11butwhenheheardpeople'scheersforfootballplayers，hisloveforfootballstrengthened.SoJake12thecoach，askingtojointheteam.Thecoachtoldhimto13thenextseason.SoJakespenthistimepracticinghard.14，hebecameastarterontheteaminthenextseason.Havingmadehishighschoolfootballteam，itdidn'tseemtoo15todothesameincollege.CoachSteveagreedthatJake1617football，Jakeisalsoamotivationalspeaker.“IwentintofootballwiththethoughtthatIhadnothingto18，”Jakesaid.“Ireallyhadnofear.Goingthrough19inlifedoesmakeyoustronger.Life'sunfair，butit's20menottogiveupandkeepfighting.[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文。JakeOlson雙目失明，但這并沒(méi)有阻止他對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛(ài)。他是高中和大學(xué)橄欖球隊(duì)的隊(duì)員，并且他還是一位勵(lì)志演講人。1．A.Unless B．ThoughC．Onlyif D．Nowthat解析：根據(jù)下文的“itwascontrolledthroughtreatments，itreappeared...”可知，此處指盡管(Though)經(jīng)過(guò)治療，癌癥被控制住了，但是它還是復(fù)發(fā)了，并導(dǎo)致(ledto)JakeOlson失去了他的右眼。主從句之間存在讓步關(guān)系，故選Though。答案：B2．A.backedoff B．heldbackC．brokedown D．ledto解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。backoff“退縮，退卻”；holdback“抑制，阻止”；breakdown“出故障，崩潰”。答案：D3．A.forgotten B．quittedC．realized D．ignored解析：但是，在為他最喜歡的橄欖球隊(duì)加油多年之后，Jake實(shí)現(xiàn)了(realized)那個(gè)不可能的夢(mèng)。下文中的“Jake'sdreamcametrue”亦是提示。forget“忘記”；quit“放棄”；ignore“忽視”。答案：C4．A.blindness B．a(chǎn)bsenceC．deafness D．innocence解析：根據(jù)上文中的“l(fā)osthislefteye”“thelossofhisrighteye”可知，此處指盡管Jake雙目失明(blindness)，但他現(xiàn)在成了球隊(duì)的一員。absence“缺席”；deafness“聾”；innocence“無(wú)辜”。答案：A5．A.ability B．guessC．feel D．imagination解析：根據(jù)上文提到的Jake雙目失明的內(nèi)容可知，此處指的應(yīng)是他打球靠的不是視力而是感覺(jué)(feel)。ability“能力”；guess“猜測(cè)”；imagination“想象”。答案：C6．A.responsible B．faithfulC．careful D．temporary解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上文的“yearsofcheeringforhisfavoritefootballteam”可知，此處指作為USCTrojans球隊(duì)的忠實(shí)粉絲，Jake在失去視力之前最后的愿望(wishes)之一是觀看球隊(duì)在NotreDame的比賽。responsible“負(fù)責(zé)任的”；faithful“忠實(shí)的”；careful“細(xì)心的”；temporary“臨時(shí)的”。答案：B7．A.chances B．promisesC．courses D．wishes解析：參見(jiàn)上題解析。答案：D8．A.unnoticed B．unsolvedC．unreported D．unlimited解析：根據(jù)下文的“formerUSCcoachPetereachedtheboy，invitinghimto...”可知，此處指Jake對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)的熱愛(ài)并不是不被注意的。unnoticed“未被注意的，被忽視的”；unsolved“未解決的”；unreported“未報(bào)道的”；unlimited“無(wú)限制的，無(wú)條件的”。答案：A9．A.leaders B．playersC．fans D．coaches解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上文提到的Jake是球隊(duì)的忠實(shí)粉絲以及想觀看球隊(duì)的比賽的內(nèi)容可知，此處應(yīng)是指教練Pete邀請(qǐng)Jake跟球員們(players)見(jiàn)面。下文中的“Inspiredbythoseplayers”是關(guān)鍵的提示信息。答案：B10．A.occupied B．involvedC．trapped D．a(chǎn)bsorbed解析：受到那些球員們的鼓舞，Jake希望自己能加入學(xué)校的橄欖球隊(duì)。beinvolvedin是固定搭配，意為“參與，參加”。beoccupiedin“忙于”；betrappedin“被困在”；beabsor