PAGE1專題06閱讀理解（說明文）（解析版）目錄TOC\o"1-1"\h\u五年真題 21.（2025·江西·中考真題）介紹了椰子的多種用途和價值，包括作為能源、土壤改良劑、塑料替代品以及天然包裝等。 22.（2024·江西·中考真題）講述了毛利人從古到今的發(fā)展歷程以及他們是如何保持和傳承自己的文化。 33.（2023·江西·中考真題）介紹了關(guān)于打哈欠的事實。 54.（2022·江西·中考真題）介紹了人們過去常用的舊工具。 75.（2021·江西·中考真題）向我們介紹一個神奇的時鐘。 8一年模擬 111.（2025·江西九江·三模）介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日龍?zhí)ь^的由來、習俗及其文化意義。文章提到人們在該節(jié)日剪頭發(fā)、吃特定食物等習俗的寓意，并指出部分古老習俗已逐漸消失。 112.（2025·江西宜春·二模）主要介紹大腦在睡眠時進行的自我清潔功能。 123.（2025·江西宜春·三模）講述了中國成年人超重和肥胖問題的嚴重性、原因及其對健康和經(jīng)濟的影響，并呼吁社會關(guān)注這一問題。 144.（2025·江西新余·三模）介紹了鄉(xiāng)村旅游受歡迎的原因。 165.（2025·江西·二模）主要講述了在智能城市生活中如何保護個人信息安全的方法。 186.（2025·江西宜春·二模）介紹了畢達哥拉斯定理的應(yīng)用、證明歷程，強調(diào)探索數(shù)學的意義。 197.（2025·四川廣元·一模）介紹了生活中常見的四種機器人：房間清潔機器人、工業(yè)機械臂、運輸機器人和教育機器人。這些機器人各具特色，為人們的日常生活和工作帶來了便利。 218.（2025·江西九江·二模）介紹了如何利用不同大小的紙板箱進行創(chuàng)意改造，如制作首飾盒、籃球筐和寵物屋，并強調(diào)了其環(huán)保和低成本的特點。 239.（2025·江西撫州·模擬預(yù)測）介紹了北京一些餐廳為低收入工作者提供免費食物的情況。 2410.（2025·江西萍鄉(xiāng)·二模）作者從出租車司機對乘客的信任，餐廳服務(wù)員對顧客的信任以及公司老板對工人的信任這幾方面，表揚了芬蘭人民的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)。 2611.（2025·江西南昌·二模）介紹了中國人工智能應(yīng)用DeepSeek在蘋果商店成為最受歡迎的免費應(yīng)用，闡述其在學習和工作中的作用，也指出過度依賴AI的問題，強調(diào)要重視創(chuàng)造力培養(yǎng)，把AI當作工具。 2812.（2025·江西九江·二模）主要討論了近視手術(shù)能否解決近視問題。 3013.（2025·江西九江·二模）介紹了跳舞作為對抗不良情緒的運動的益處。 3214.（2025·江西景德鎮(zhèn)·二模）本文解釋了電影院座位通常是紅色的原因。 3315.（2025·江西景德鎮(zhèn)·二模）主要講述了2025年央視春節(jié)聯(lián)歡晚會上，中國網(wǎng)紅李子柒首次亮相，她的表演結(jié)合了現(xiàn)代高科技和傳統(tǒng)藝術(shù)，展示了多種非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)技藝，引發(fā)了觀眾對傳統(tǒng)文化的關(guān)注和興趣。 351.（2025·江西·中考真題）Youcanputastamponit,youcanwriteanaddressonit,andyoucansenditthroughthemail.No,it’snotapackage(包裹).It’stheamazingcoconut(椰子)!Thecoconutisdifferentfrommostotherfruitsbecauseeverypartofitisuseful.Peoplehavebeenusingcoconutsinmanydifferentways.Herearesomeofthem.Oneexcitinguseofthecoconutisasakindofenergy.Scientistsareworkingonusingcoconutsforenergybecausetheyarecheapandclean.Coconutoilhasalreadybeenmadeintofuel(燃料).Itcanpowercars,trucks,shipsandmanymore.StudentsatBaylorUniversityfindthatcoconuthusks(外殼)cantakeinwaterverywell.Somixingcoconuthuskswithdrysoil(土壤)helpsthesoiltoholdontomoreofthewater.Thestudentsalsofindthatcoconuthuskscantaketheplaceofplasticinsomecases.Ifthisispossible,itwillhelppeopleuselessplastic.Thehuskofthecoconutisaperfectpackage.Itprotectsthecoconutfromharm.That’swhysomecountriesallowpeopletosendthecoconutwithoutanypackaging.Eachyear,touristspostabout3,000ofthese“coconutpostcards”.Coconutsgrownaturallyinover80countriesoftheworld.Theyrequireonlysunandproperrain.Nospecialcareisneeded.Everyyear,morethan61milliontonsofcoconutsareproduced.Itisnotsurprising,then,thatpeoplewanttofindsomanyusesforthecoconut.1．Whyisthecoconutdifferentfrommostotherfruits?A．Stampscanbeputonit. B．Everypartofitisuseful. C．Peoplesenditinapackage. D．Addressescanbewrittenonit.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“power”inParagraph2mean?A．Makeroomfor. B．Addvalueto. C．Provideenergyfor. D．Putweighton.3．Inwhichpartofthemagazinecouldwereadthepassage?A．StoryTime. B．HistoryWorld. C．SportsNews. D．AmazingNature.4．What’sthemainpurposeofthepassage?A．Toadvisepeopletoprotectcoconuts. B．Toaskpeopletogrowmorecoconuts.C．Toshowthevalueandusesofcoconuts. D．Tointroduceafuelmadefromcoconuts.5．Whatwouldbethebeststructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．【答案】1．B2．C3．D4．C5．B【導語】本文主要介紹了椰子的多種用途和價值，包括作為能源、土壤改良劑、塑料替代品以及天然包裝等。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thecoconutisdifferentfrommostotherfruitsbecauseeverypartofitisuseful.”可知，椰子與其他水果不同之處在于它的每個部分都有用。故選B。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“Coconutoilhasalreadybeenmadeintofuel(燃料).Itcanpowercars,trucks,shipsandmanymore.”可知，椰子油被制成燃料后能為車輛、船只等提供動力，因此“power”意為“提供能源”。故選C。3．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，全文圍繞椰子的自然屬性和多種用途展開，與自然相關(guān)。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可推斷，最可能出現(xiàn)在雜志的“AmazingNature”（奇妙自然）板塊。故選D。4．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章從多個角度（能源、環(huán)保、郵寄等）展示了椰子的實用價值，故其主要目的是展示椰子的價值和用途。故選C。5．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段總述椰子特點，第二、三、四段分述其用途（能源、環(huán)保、郵寄等），第五段總結(jié)產(chǎn)量和實用性，故文章結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分—總”。故選B。2.（2024·江西·中考真題）TheMaoriarrivedinNewZealandfromPolynesian(波利尼西亞)islandsaboutathousandyearsago.TheywerethefirstpeopletoliveinNewZealand.

Inthelate18thcentury,EuropeanscametoliveinNewZealand.Atthattime,thepopulationoftheMaoriwasmaybe250,000inNewZealand.Overthenextonehundredyears,warsanddiseasekilledmanyMaoripeople.Bytheendofthe19thcentury,therewereonlyabout40,000Maoripeopleleft.Duringthistime,theMaorialsolostmuchoftheirlandtotheEuropeans.Manyofthemwereafraidthattheymightlosetheirtraditionsandlanguagetoo,butthisdidnothappen.TodaytheMaoripopulationisincreasing.Thereareabout500,000MaoripeopleinNewZealand.MostlivelikeotherNewZealanders,buttheyarekeepingtheMaorilanguageandtraditionsalive.TherearenowMaoriradioandtelevisionstations.ManyschoolsteachintheMaorilanguage.NearlyonehalfofMaorilanguagespeakersare25yearsoldoryounger.Maoricultureisalsoaliveandwell.AtthecenterofMaoricultureisthe“marae”.Thisisaspecialplaceforceremoniesandmeetings.TodaythenumberofmaraeinNewZealandisincreasing.Manyofthenewmaraeareinthecities.NowpeopleinthecitiescanmeetandlearnabouttheirMaoritraditions.TodaymostNewZealandcitieshaveMaorifestivalseachyear.Amongfestivalactivitiesarecompetitionsinspeaking,dancingandsinging.Childrenpracticeformonths.ThenalltheMaoriintheareaarrivetowatchthecompetitionsandseewhowins.TheMaorihavegonethroughhardtimes.Todaytheyliveacomfortable,modernlife.Theykeeptheirculturaltraditionsalive,becausetheyhavepassedandarepassingthemontotheirchildren.1．WhendidtheMaorifirstarriveinNewZealand?A．Around11thcentury. B．Around14thcentury.C．Around16thcentury. D．Around18thcentury.2．WhathappenedtotheMaoriduringthe19thcentury?A．Theyownedmoreland. B．Theylosttheirlanguage.C．TheyleftNewZealand. D．Theyhadasmallerpopulation.3．HowdotheMaorikeeptheirtraditionsalive?Checkandchoosetherightanswer.a．Increasethenumberofmarae.b．MovetothecenterofNewZealand.c．SetupMaoriradioandTVstations.d．TeachintheMaorilanguageinmanyschools.e．Holdcompetitionsinspeaking,dancingandsinging.A．bcde B．a(chǎn)bcd C．a(chǎn)bde D．a(chǎn)cde4．What’sthethemeofthepassage?A．Art. B．Culture. C．Travel. D．Technology.5．Whatwouldbethebeststructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．【答案】1．A2．D3．D4．B5．C【導語】本文主要講述了毛利人從古到今的發(fā)展歷程以及他們是如何保持和傳承自己的文化。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheMaoriarrivedinNewZealandfromPolynesian(波利尼西亞)islandsaboutathousandyearsago.”可知，毛利人大約一千年前從波利尼西亞，今年是2024年，所以大約是1024年，即11世紀。故選A。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Bytheendofthe19thcentury,therewereonlyabout40,000Maoripeopleleft.”可知，到19世紀末，只剩下大約4萬毛利人，人口很少了。故選D。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TodaytheMaoripopulationisincreasing.Thereareabout500,000MaoripeopleinNewZealand.MostlivelikeotherNewZealanders,buttheyarekeepingtheMaorilanguageandtraditionsalive.TherearenowMaoriradioandtelevisionstations.ManyschoolsteachintheMaorilanguage.”可知，現(xiàn)金毛利人的人口正在增加，大多數(shù)人像其他新西蘭人一樣生活，但他們保留了毛利語言和傳統(tǒng)，現(xiàn)在有毛利人的廣播電臺和電視臺。許多學校用毛利語教學。結(jié)合“TodaymostNewZealandcitieshaveMaorifestivalseachyear.Amongfestivalactivitiesarecompetitionsinspeaking,dancingandsinging.”可知，如今，新西蘭的大多數(shù)城市每年都有毛利人的節(jié)日。節(jié)日活動中有演講、舞蹈和歌唱比賽。所以acde是毛利人保持傳統(tǒng)的行為，故選D。4．主旨大意題。本文主要講述了毛利人從古到今的發(fā)展歷程以及他們是如何保持和傳承自己的文化，與文化相關(guān)，故選B。5．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。分析文章內(nèi)容可知，第一、二兩段介紹毛利人古時的情況，第三、四、五段介紹毛利人現(xiàn)在的情況，第六段進行總結(jié)。故選C。3.（2023·江西·中考真題）WhydoWeYawn?Doyouyawn?Thereareabout20reasonsthatscientiststhinkarepossibleforyawningafterresearch.Theydonotknowexactlywhyyawninghappens,buttheydoknowmanyfactsaboutyawning.Weknowthateveryoneyawnsinthesameway.Firstyouopenyourmouthslowly.Yourmouthstaysopenforaboutfiveseconds.Youtakeinalotofairandthenpushitout.Thenyouquicklycloseyourmouth.Wealsoknowthatyawningiscontagious.Whenyouseesomeoneyawn,youyawn,too.Manypeoplesaytheyyawnbecausetheyareboredortired.Thatmightbetrue.Peopledooftenyawnbeforetheysleepandaftertheywakeup.However,weknowthatpeoplealsoyawnwhentheyareexcitedornervous.Olympicrunners,forexample,oftenyawnbeforearace.Whyisthat?In2007,scientistsfoundthatayawncanhelpawarmbraincooldown.Somescientistsbelievethatyawningmakesyounoticethingsmorequickly.Whenyouyawn,youbreathedeeply.Youalsostretch(強化)themuscles(肌肉)inyourface,mouth,andneck.Youreardrumsstretch,too.Maybethishelpsyoutobequickertonoticethings.Insomecountries,peoplethinkyawningisnotnice.Peopleputtheirhandsovertheirmouthstocoverayawn.Inothercountries,peoplethinkyawningishealthy.Theythinkthatopeningthemouthverybigcanletgoodthingsin.Whentheybreatheout,theythinkthatbadthingsgooutofthebodywiththeair.Scientistsdonotspendmuchtimestudyingyawning.Thatisprobablybecauseyawningdoesnothurt.Itisjustsomethingwedo.1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“contagious”inParagraph2mean?A．Abletospreadquickly. B．Abletobreatheeasily.C．Abletochangeeasily. D．Abletosleepquickly.2．WhydoOlympicrunnersoftenyawnbeforearace?A．Theyaretootiredortoobored.B．Ayawncanletgoodthingsin.C．Ayawncanhelpawarmbraincooldown.D．Ayawncanstretchthemusclesintheirfaces.3．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph5?A．Reasonsforyawning. B．Advantagesofyawning.C．Disadvantagesofyawning. D．Differentideasaboutyawning.4．Whatcanweprobablyinferfromthepassage?A．Peopleusedifferentwaystoyawn.B．Scientistswilldofurtherresearchonyawning.C．It’shardtonoticethingsquicklywhileyawning.D．Somescientiststhinkyawningisgoodforpeople.5．Whatwouldbethebeststructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．【答案】1．A2．C3．D4．D5．B【導語】本文主要介紹了關(guān)于打哈欠的事實。1．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Whenyouseesomeoneyawn,youyawn,too.”可知當別人打哈欠時，你也會打哈欠，所以哈欠是會傳染的，劃線部分單詞意為“能夠快速傳播”。故選A。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“In2007,scientistsfoundthatayawncanhelpawarmbraincooldown.”可知科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)打哈欠可以幫助溫暖的大腦冷靜下來。故選C。3．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Insomecountries,peoplethinkyawningisnotnice...Inothercountries...”以及本段內(nèi)容可知本文主要介紹了不同國家對于打哈欠的看法。故選D。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“scientistsfoundthatayawncanhelpawarmbraincooldown”以及“Somescientistsbelievethatyawningmakesyounoticethingsmorequickly”可知科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)打哈欠會幫助大腦冷靜下來，能讓你更快地注意到事情，由此可推知一些科學家認為打哈欠對人有好處。故選D。5．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，第一段引出了話題；第二至第五段介紹了關(guān)于打哈欠的事實；第六段進行總結(jié)。故選B。4.（2022·江西·中考真題）Improvementsintechnologyoftenhappenovernight.Somegadgetsgetsmallerandfaster.Othersarereplaced(代替)bynewerthingslikesmartphones.Theycandohundredsofthings.Herearesomeoldgadgetsthatpeopleusedtouse.①________Doyouhavealandlineathome?Thesearephonesthatpeopleplug(插入)intotheirlivingroomwalls.Mobilephonesdidn’tusetobesocommonatthattime,somostfamilieshadalandline.Butlandlinesonlyworkedathome.Whatdidpeopledowhentheywereoutsideandneededtocallsomeone?Theylookedforapayphone!Then,mostpeoplehadtheirownmobilephonesandmanyhomesnolongerhadlandlines.②________

Peopletodaystoreplentyofinformationonline,oronSDcards.Butinthe1980sand1990s,peopleusedtousefloppydisks.Thefirstfloppydiskswerelarge,expensive,andnotveryuseful—eachdiskcouldstorejust175KBofinformation!Later,floppydisksgotsmallerandbetter.Buteventhebestonescouldonlyhold1.44MB．Youwouldneedthreeorfourdisksjustforonesong,andabout22,000diskstomatchthestorage(儲存空間)availableona32GBphone!③________

It’seasytotakephotostoday.Peopleoftenhavethousandsjustontheirphones!Butphotosusedtobeexpensive,andpeopletookfewerofthem.Totakeaphoto,youhadtobuyarolloffilm.Thisallowedyoutotakeabout30photos.Afterfinishingtheroll,youleftitatashop.Theshopdevelopedthephotostomakethembeseen,whichyoucouldcollectafterafewdays.Technologychangesallthetime,andthegadgetsweusetodaywillonedaybeold.Whatdoyouthinkwillbenexttodisappear?1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“gadgets”meaninParagraph1?A．Toys. B．Tools. C．Games. D．Phones.2．Matchthetitlewitheachparagraph.a.GoodbyeDisks

b.MusictoMyEars

c.PictureThis

d.CallMe

e.FilmDevelopmentA．①-d,②-b,③-e B．①-d,②-a,③-c C．①-c,②-a,③-b D．①-c,②-b,③-e3．Whatwerethefirstfloppydiskslike?A．Theycouldstoremuch. B．Theywereveryuseful.C．Theycostalotofmoney. D．Theywereeasytocarry.4．Whatcanwegetfromthepassage?A．Itwasconvenienttotakephotoswithfilm.B．Peopleoutsideusedlandlinestocallsomeone.C．Improvementsintechnologychangepeople’slife.D．Foratime,manypeoplehadpayphonesathome.5．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．TheChangingPhones. B．TheProductsofTomorrow.C．OldThingsWeUseToday. D．TheThingsWeUsedtoUse.【答案】1．B2．B3．C4．C5．D【導語】本文主要介紹了人們過去常用的舊工具。1．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“Somegadgetsgetsmallerandfaster.Othersarereplacedbynewerthingslikesmartphones.”可知此處指變得更小更快的東西，舉例中有智能手機，由此推出gadgets意為“工具，設(shè)備”。故選B。2．標題歸納題。根據(jù)“Then,mostpeoplehadtheirownmobilephonesandmanyhomesnolongerhadlandlines.”可知①段講電話機手機，用“CallMe”做標題；根據(jù)“Butinthe1980sand1990s,peopleusedtousefloppydisks.”可知②段以前用過的磁盤，用“GoodbyeDisks”做標題；再由“It’seasytotakephotostoday.Peopleoftenhavethousandsjustontheirphones!Butphotosusedtobeexpensive,andpeopletookfewerofthem.”可知③段介紹拍照工具，用“PictureThis”做標題。故選B。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thefirstfloppydiskswerelarge,expensive,andnotveryuseful—eachdiskcouldstorejust175KBofinformation!”可知第一批軟盤很貴，要花費很多錢。故選C。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Improvementsintechnologyoftenhappenovernight.”及下文內(nèi)容可知文中介紹科技在進步，這在不斷改變?nèi)藗兊纳睢９蔬xC。4．標題歸納題。根據(jù)“Herearesomeoldgadgetsthatpeopleusedtouse.”及全文內(nèi)容可知本文主要介紹了人們過去常用的舊工具，用“TheThingsWeUsedtoUse.”做標題最合適。故選D。5.（2021·江西·中考真題）Eighthundredyearsago,amaninsouthernTurkeyinventedanamazingclock.Itwasmorethan7metershigh.Atitsbase（基座）wasalife-sizemodelelephant.Everyhalfhour,somethingamazinghappened.Thewholeclockcamealive:Modelbirds,dragons,andpeoplestartedtomove.Theclock’sinventorwasanengineernamedal-Jazari.HelivedinTurkey.Al-Jazariwasprobablyoneofthegreatestengineersinhistory.Somehistorianscallhim“thefatherofmodern-dayengineering.”Weknowaboutal-Jazarimostlyfromabookthathewrote.________Theyincludeclocksandhand-washingmachines.Thebookalsohasdrawingsthatshowhoweachmachineworks.Manyeverydaythingstoday-fromtoystocarengines（發(fā)動機）-stilluseal-Jazari’sideas.Withouthismachineswithmovingparts,wemightnothavemodern-dayrobots.Today,itisstillpossibletoseewhatal-Jazari’selephantcocklookedlike.Afull-sizeworkingmodelisinDubai’sIbnBattutaMall.There,everyhalfhour,al-Jazari’smostamazinginventioncomestolifeonceagain.HowDoestheElephantClockWork?Abowlwithasmallholefloats（?。﹊nawatertank（水箱）insidetheelephant’sbody.Asthebowlslowlysinks（下沉）,itpullsaropethatmovesahumanfigure.Hismovingpenshowsthenumberofminutespastthehour.Everyhalfhour,thewaterbowlbecomesfullandsinkscompletely.Thiscausesaballtofallfromthetopoftheclock.Themovementoftheballcausesaphoenixtomoveandmakeasound.Theballthendropsoutofafalcon’smouthintothemouthofaChinesedragon.Theweightoftheballcausesthedragon’sheadtomovedownandthedragon’stailpullsthewaterbowlbackup.Finally,theballdropsoutofthedragon’smouthandintoavase.Astheballlandsinthevase,theelephantdrivermovesandmakesasound.Thecyclebeginsagainuntiltherearenomoreballinthetopoftheclock.1．Whyisal-Jazaricalled“thefatherofmodern-dayengineering”?A．Hisideasarestillwidelyusedinmachines.B．Theelephantclockisanamazinginvention.C．Hisinventionsincludesomepartsofmodernrobots.D．Hisbookaboutmachinesisstillpopularwithreaders.2．Choosethebestsentencetofillintheblank“________”inParagraph3.A．Hebecamefamouswhenhewasayoungman.B．Heinventedalotofeverydaymachinesinhistory.C．Itdescribesanumberofmachinesofallshapesandsizes.D．PeopleinTurkeyenjoyreadinghisbooksintheirfreetime.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph7referto?A．Thepenmoves. B．Thealldrops.C．Thebowlsinkscompletely. D．Thebowlpullstherope.4．Howdoestheelephantclockwork?Putthestepsinthecorrectorder.a.Theballdropsintothevase.b.Theballdropsintothedragon’smouth.c.Theelephantdrivermovesandmakesasound.d.After30minutes,aballstartstofallfromthetop.e.Thebowlmovesdowninthewaterandpullsonropes.A．b-d-a-c-e B．e-d-b-a-c C．a(chǎn)-e-b-d-c D．c-a-d-e-b【答案】1．A2．C3．C4．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文，向我們介紹一個神奇的時鐘。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Al-Jazariwasprobablyoneofthegreatestengineersinhistory.Somehistorianscallhim‘thefatherofmodern-dayengineering.’”可知，Al-Jazari可能是歷史上最偉大的工程師之一，一些歷史學家稱他為“現(xiàn)代工程學之父”。選項A“他的思想仍被廣泛應(yīng)用于機器”符合，故選A。2．推理判斷題。分析“Theyincludeclocksandhand-washingmachines.Thebookalsohasdrawingsthatshowhoweachmachineworks.”可知，這本書包括鐘表和手洗衣機，也有展示每臺機器如何工作的圖紙。選項C“它描述了許多各種形狀和大小的機器”符合語境，故選C。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Everyhalfhour,thewaterbowlbecomesfullandsinkscompletely.Thiscausesaballtofallfromthetopoftheclock.”可知，每半個小時，水碗就會裝滿，并完全下沉，這導致一個球從時鐘的頂部掉下來。此處this指的是“碗完全下沉”，故選C。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Abowlwithasmallholefloats（?。﹊nawatertank（水箱）insidetheelephant’sbody.Asthebowlslowlysinks（下沉）,itpullsaropethatmovesahumanfigure.”，“Everyhalfhour,thewaterbowlbecomesfullandsinkscompletely.”，“Theballthendropsoutofafalcon’smouthintothemouthofaChinesedragon.”，“Finally,theballdropsoutofthedragon’smouthandintoavase.”和“Astheballlandsinthevase,theelephantdrivermovesandmakesasound.”可知，正確的順序是e-d-b-a-c，故選B。1.（2025·江西九江·三模）TheLongtaitouFestival,alsoknownastheEryue’erFestival,isatraditionalChinesefestival.Italwaysfallsontheseconddayofthesecondlunarmonth.Thenamemeans“dragonraisingitshead”,carryingasenseofhope.InChineseancientfarmingculture,thisfestivalholdsgreatimportance.PeoplebelievethataftertheLongtaitouFestival,therainwillgraduallyincrease.Itissaidthatonthisdaythedragonkingwhoisincontrolofrainwillwakeupfromhibernation(冬眠)andlifthishead.Itmarksthestartofthebusyfarmingseason.ThecelebrationoftheLongtaitouFestivalisrichintraditions.Oneofthemostwell-knowncustomsisgettingahaircut.Manypeoplebelievethatcuttingtheirhairinthefirstlunarmonthwillbringbadfortune.AndhavingahaircutontheLongtaitouFestivalcanbringgoodluckandsuccessalltheyear.Insomeareas,dumplings,springrolls,wontonsandpopcornareallgivendragonnamesonthisday.Noodlesarecalleddragon’sbeardorlongxu.Dumplingsaredragon’searsorlong’er.Springrollsaredragon’sscalesorlonglin.Wontonsaredragon’seyesorlongyan.Andpopcorniscalleddragon’sseedsorlongzi.It’ssaidthateatingthesefoodscanbringgoodluck.Inancienttimes,therewereevenmorecustoms.Peopleusedtospreadashes(灰)inthekitchen,withthebeliefthatitcouldleadthedragonintothehouse.Thiswasdonetoaskforaharvest(豐收)withthehelpofthedragon.However,astimegoesby,someoftheseancientcustomshavegraduallydiedout.TheLongtaitouFestivalstillholdsaspecialplaceintheheartsofChinesepeople.Itservesnotonlyasafestivalbutalsoasasymbolofourtraditionalculture.Itactsasabridge,connectinguswithourhistory.1．WhatdopeoplebelievewillhappenaftertheLongtaitouFestival?A．Theweatherwillgraduallybefine.B．Thetemperaturewillgraduallyrise.C．Thewindwillgraduallybecomestrong.D．Therainwillgraduallyincrease.2．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“fortune”meaninParagraph3?A．Luck. B．Health. C．Start. D．Look.3．WhydopeoplegetahaircutattheLongtaitouFestival?A．Becausetheywanttolookgood.B．Becauseitisatraditionpasseddown.C．BecausetheybelieveitcanbringgoodluckD．Becauseitisthefirsthaircutinthenewyear.4．WhathashappenedtosomeancientcustomsoftheLongtaitouFestival?A．Theyhavebecomemorepopular. B．Theyhavegraduallydiedout.C．Theyhavechangedalittle. D．Theyhavestartedagain.5．Whatisthestructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．【答案】1．D2．A3．C4．B5．B【導語】本文介紹了中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日龍?zhí)ь^的由來、習俗及其文化意義。文章提到人們在該節(jié)日剪頭發(fā)、吃特定食物等習俗的寓意，并指出部分古老習俗已逐漸消失。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第2段“PeoplebelievethataftertheLongtaitouFestival,therainwillgraduallyincrease”可知，人們認為龍?zhí)ь^節(jié)后雨水會逐漸增多。故選D。2．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第3段“havingahaircut…canbringgoodluck”的上下文對比（badfortune與goodluck對立），可推斷fortune意為“運氣”。故選A。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第3段“havingahaircutontheLongtaitouFestivalcanbringgoodluckandsuccess”可知，人們剪發(fā)是為了祈求好運。故選C。4．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第4段“someoftheseancientcustomshavegraduallydiedout”可知，部分古老習俗已逐漸消失。故選B。5．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章結(jié)構(gòu)為“總—分—總”：首段引入節(jié)日，中間分述習俗與文化意義，末段總結(jié)節(jié)日價值。圖片B的“總—分—總”結(jié)構(gòu)與之匹配。故選B。2.（2025·江西宜春·二模）HowtheBrainCleansItselfAccordingtosomeresearchers,thebrainisveryactiveduringsleep.Onereasonisprobablythatthebrainappearstocleanitselfduringsleepinghours.Thisideahasgottentheattentionofresearchers.Thisisbecauselosingagoodnight’ssleepcancausepeople’sthinkingtobeunclear,whilealastinglackofsleepisbelievedtoincreasetheriskofaseriousbrainillness.Thenhowdoesthebraincleanitself?Over12yearsago,scientistsattheUniversityofRochesterfirstreportedfindingasysteminthebrain.Awater-likesubstance(物質(zhì))fromthebraintravelsthroughchannels(管道)nearbloodvessels(血管)tocarrywasteoutofthebrain.Accordingtothestudy,theaccumulation(堆積)ofbeta-amyloids(β淀粉樣蛋白)hassomethingtodowithproblemsinthebrain.Whenscientistsinjected(注射)micewithbeta-amyloids,theyleftthebrainfasterwhentheanimalsweresleeping.Itisnotclearexactlyhowthesystemworks.However,someresearchhasshownthatthemovementofbloodvesselsmighthelpmovethewaste-clearingsubstancewhereitneedstogo.However,studyingthissysteminhumanshasbeenchallenging.RegularMRIscans(掃描檢查)canshowsomeofthechannels,buttheycan’tshowhowthesystemworks.Toovercomethisproblem,theresearchteamatOregonHealth&ScienceUniversityinjectedasubstanceintofivepatients.It“l(fā)itup”duringMRIscans24to48hourslater.Itwasseenmovingthroughthebrainusingthechannelsasintheearlierresearchonmice.Thisdiscoveryismeaningfulandwilllikelyleadtofurtherresearchonhowbrainwasteclearanceislinkedtohumanhealth.“Researchersarenowplanningtomeasure(測量)glymphaticfunction(類淋巴功能)inpeople,”saidDr.JeffIliffwhohashelpedleadtheresearch.Butheisn’tsureoftheresult.Besidestheinfluenceofsleep,animalstudiesshowthatabloodpressuredrugmightimproveglymphatic(淋巴)clearing.Jeffandhisworkmatesplantostudythisdruginagroupofpatients.Itseemsthatlargerstudiesinhealthypeoplearealsoneeded.1．Whatmayhappenifpeopleloseagoodnight’ssleep?A．Theywillonlybetired. B．Theywillfindithardtothinkclearly.C．Theywillfeelmuchmoreexcited. D．Theywillfaceaseriousbrainillness.2．Howdidthescientistsstudythesysteminhumans?A．Theyaskedfivepatientstosleep.B．Theytooksomepicturesofbloodvessels.C．Theyinjectedaspecialsubstanceintothemselves.D．TheyusedMRIscansandaspecialsubstancetohelp.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)inked”inParagraph6mean?A．Connected. B．Compared. C．Similar. D．Used.4．WhatwillDr.JeffIliffprobablydointhefuture?A．HewillworkintheUniversityofWashington.B．Hewillleadthewaste-clearanceresearcharoundtheworld.C．Hewillstarttoresearchhowsleepinfluencestheclearing.D．Hewillstudyhowthedrughelpstoimproveglymphaticclearing.5．Whatwouldbethebeststructureofthepassage?A． B． C． D．【答案】1．B2．D3．A4．D5．C【導語】本文主要介紹大腦在睡眠時進行的自我清潔功能。1．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Thisisbecauselosingagoodnight’ssleepcancausepeople’sthinkingtobeunclear,whilealastinglackofsleepisbelievedtoincreasetheriskofaseriousbrainillness.”可知，失去良好睡眠會導致思維不清。故選B。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Toovercomethisproblem,theresearchteamatOregonHealth&ScienceUniversityinjectedasubstanceintofivepatients.”可知，研究團隊給患者注射能在MRI掃描里“顯現(xiàn)”的特殊物質(zhì)，再通過掃描來研究其在大腦內(nèi)的流動，從而了解該系統(tǒng)。故選D。3．詞句猜測題。畫線詞“l(fā)inked”在文中表示“與……有關(guān)/有聯(lián)系”，上下文是在講大腦廢物清除與人類健康之間的關(guān)系，因此其含義是“connected”。故選A。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)“‘Researchersarenowplanningtomeasure(測量)glymphaticfunction(類淋巴功能)inpeople,’saidDr.JeffIliffwhohashelpedleadtheresearch.Butheisn’tsureoftheresult.”可知，Jeff和同事計劃研究血壓藥物如何改善類淋巴清除功能，說明他將致力于研究該藥物對大腦清除的影響。故選D。5．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。通讀全文可知，文章先提出主題（第1段），再介紹意識與實驗過程（第2、3段），然后講困難與新發(fā)現(xiàn)（第4、5段），最后總結(jié)并展望（第6段），結(jié)構(gòu)呈“1→(2,3)→(4,5)→6”。與選項C的示意圖相符合。故選C。3.（2025·江西宜春·三模）InChina,moreandmoreadultsarebecomingoverweight.Infact,34.8%ofadultsareoverweightand14.1%areobese(肥胖的).Thenumberofobesepeopleisgrowingfasterthanthenumberofthosewhoarejustoverweight.Expertssaythateachyearthereare5.4%moreobeseadultsinChina.ZhangZhongtao,whoworksatBeijingFriendshipHospital,saidthatobesitywascausingbighealthandmoneyproblemsaroundtheworld.ItisnowaseriouspublichealthprobleminChina.Bytheyearof2030,itisexpectedthatChinawillspendabout22%ofallitshealthcaremoneyonproblemsrelatedtobeingoverweightorobese.Atameeting,Zhangaskedpeopletopaymoreattentiontoobesityandhowtomanageweight.Hebelievesthatthegovernmentandsocietydonotfocusenoughonthisproblem.“Wehopetoworkwithpubliccharitiestogivehelptoobesepatientswhoneedtoloseweightmedicallybutcan’tpayforit.”hesaid.Healsoexplainedwhypeoplebecomeoverweight.Itismainlybecausetheyeatmoreenergythantheyrunoutof.InthenorthofChina,peopleliketoeatnoodles,andinthesouth,theypreferrice.Bothfoodshavecarbohydrates(碳水化合物),buteatingnoodlescanmakeyougainmoreweight.Climate(氣候)alsoaffectspeopleinthenorth.Becauseit’scolder,theyliketoeatfoodswithmorecalories,likefriedchickenandchocolate,tostaywarm.Obesityisacommonproblemandcanleadtootherdiseases.Thisiswhyit’ssoimportanttopreventandcontrolobesitytohelpbuilda“HealthyChina”.1．HowdoesParagraph1telltheseriousnessoftheoverweightprobleminChina?A．Bygivingexamples. B．Bylistingsomenumbers.C．Byaskingsomequestions. D．Bycomparingwithothercountries.2．Whatreasonsforbeingoverweightaretrueaccordingtothepassage?①Eatingtoomuch.②Theclimateinthenorth.③Sufferingfromadisease.④Preferringnoodlestorice.⑤Eatingtoolate.⑥