Dr.Linda

September20th.2016

Generalintroductionto

meridiansandacupointsPURSUEYOURNATRURALHEALTH

Chapter1.GeneralintroductiontomeridiansandacupointsChapter2.TheFourteenMeridiansContents1Definitionofmeridians2

Compositionofmeridiansystem3Functionofmeridiansystem4Thenameofthetwelvemeridians5DirectionandDistribution6GeneralintroductiontoacupointsChapter1.MeridiansQiYangBloodYin

DefinitionandfunctionofmeridiansTheMeridiansDoctrineInthetheoryofTCM,themeridians,orchannelscarryanddistributeQiandbloodtoallpartsofthebody,connecttheorgans,limbsandjoints.Acupunctureisanalternativemedicinethattreatspatientsbyinsertionandmanipulationofneedlesinthebody.Itsproponentsvariouslyclaimthatitrelievespain,treatsinfertility,treatsdisease,preventsdisease,orpromotesgeneralhealth.TheearliestwrittenrecordofacupunctureisfoundintheHuangdiNeijing,datedapproximately200BCE.AcupuncturetypicallyincorporatestraditionalChinesemedicineasanintegralpartofitspracticeandtheory.DefinitionandfunctionofmeridiansMeridians,orchannels,canbeclassifiedintotwogroups:primaryandsecondary.

Primarymeridiansarethosethatpassthroughinternalorgans,whilethesecondarymeridiansdonot.Thereare12pairsofprimarymeridiansflowinginanever-endingcircle.

These12primarymeridiansaresymmetricalontherightandleftsidesofthebody,andtheyallinterconnectedwitheachother.2

CompositionofmeridiansystemThetwelvemeridiansarethetrunkpartsofthemeridiansystemand“areconnectedwiththeviscerainternallyandlimbsandskeletonexternally”totransportqiandbloodtotheviscera,limbsandskeleton.Thetwelvemeridianbranchesarethebranchesofthetwelvemeridianstoreinforcetheconnectionbetweenthezangandfuorgansexternallyandinternallyrelatedandthemeridiansdistributingovertheheadandfaceinexternalandinternalrelation.Thefifteencollateralsstemfromthetwelvemeridiansandtheconceptionandgovernorvesselsaswellasthespleenforreinforcementoftheconnectionofthemeridianswithinternalandexternalrelationshiponthefourlimbsaswellastheassociationoftheanterior,posteriorandlateralpartsofthetrunkofthebody.Theeightextraordinaryvesselsdistributeamongthetwelvemeridiansandfunctiontoconnectandregulateqiandbloodinthetwelvemeridians.Sothetwelvemeridiansformthecoreofthemeridiansystemandtheotherpartsinthemeridiansystemfunctiontoconnect,replenishandregulatethetwelvemeridians.DumeridianandRenmeridianhaveacupointsliketwelveregularmeridians.Allthesefourteenmeridiansarecalledthemainmeridianswith361acupoints.

Compositionofmeridiansystemthesystemofmeridiansthetwelveregularmeridianstwelvemeridianbranchesfifteencollateralstwelvemeridiantendonstwelveskinareaseightextraordinaryvesselsmeridianslongitudinaltrunkpartsofthemeridiansystemcollateralsthebranchesofmeridianssub-collateralsTheshallowcollateralsarecalledsuperficialcollateralswhichdistributealloverthebody.Inthiswaymeridiansandcollateralsformanetworkconnectingallpartsofthebody,includingtheviscera,fivesensoryorgans,mineorifices,fourlimbsandskeleton,intoanorganicwhole.

Compositionofmeridiansystem

Functionofmeridiansconnectallpartsofthebody,coordinatetheirfunctionsinfluencethestatesofthevisceraandregulatethephysiologicalactivitiescoordinatethefunctionalactivitiesofdifferentpartsofthebody.influencevariouscomplicatedpathologicalchangesThenameofthetwelvemeridiansHand/footZangYinYangFuHand/footHandLungTaiyinYangmingLargeintestineHandHeartShaoyinTaiyangSmallintestinePericardiumJueyinShaoyangSanjiaoFootSpleenTaiyinYangmingStomachFootKidneyShaoyinTaiyangBladderLiverJueyinShaoyangGallbladder

DirectionandDistributionofthetwelvemeridians

MeridiansDirectionZang/FuConnectHandyinFromchesttohandlungattheendofhand(finger)heartpericardiumHandyangFromhandtoheadLargeintestinesmallintestinesanjiaoFootyangFromheadtofootStomachattheendoffoot(toe)BladderGallbladderFootyinFromfoottochestandabdomenSpleenKidneyLiverTheregularity:（1）Ayinmeridianconnectstheexterior-interioryangmeridianattheendofhandorfoot.（2）Alltheyangmeridiansgotohead.（3）Ameridianofhandyangconnectsthefootyangmeridianwiththesamenameonthehead.Forexample,Largeintestinemeridianofhand-yangmingconnectsstomachmeridianoffoot-yangming.

6GeneralintroductiontoacupointsMeridianacupointsmarkedbypertainingtodefinitemeridians,fixednamesandlocation.Altogetherthereare361acupoints.Extraordinaryacupointsrefertotheacupointsnotincludedintheacupointsofthefourteenmeridians.Theseacupointshavedefinitelocationandnamesandareeffectiveintreatingcertaindiseases.AshipointsAshipointsactuallyrefertotendernessspots.Suchpointsaremarkedbynofixedlocation,nopertainingmeridiansandnonames.6GeneralintroductiontoacupointsFunctionProximalcurativeeffectSpecialcurativeeffect①Bi-directionaleffect②RelativespecificeffectDistalcurativeeffect

Chapter1.GeneralintroductiontomeridiansandacupointsChapter2.TheFourteenMeridiansContentsTheLungMeridian

(手太陰肺經(jīng)

)

TheLungMeridianbeginsinanareacalledthemiddleburner,whichisnearthenavel.

Itgoesdowntothelargeintestineandthenupthroughthelungstothecollarbonewhereitsplitsintotwobrancheswithonegoingdowneacharm.Onceitreachesthehand,itsplitsintotwomorebrancheswithonegoingtothetipofthethumbandtheothergoingtothetipoftheindexfingerwhereitconnectstoLargeIntestineMeridian.BlockageintheLungMeridianoftenmanifestsitselfascoughing,skindisorders,allergies,lungdisorders,oroverallfatigue.Importantacupoints

穴位

Theimportantenergypointsofthelungmeridianareasshown

laterally:肺俞

列缺

Largeintestinemeridianofhand-yangming(手陽明大腸經(jīng)

)Itstartsfromthetipoftheindexfinger,runningupwardalongtheradialsideoftheindexfingerandpassingthroughtheinterspaceofthe1stand2ndmetacarpalbones,itentersthedepressionbetweenthetendonsofm.extensorpollcislongusandbrevis.Then,runningonalongtheanterioraspectoftheforearm,itreachesthelateralsideoftheelbow.Thenitascendsalongthelateralanterioraspectoftheupperarmtothehighestpointoftheshoulder,thenalongtheanteriorborderoftheacromion,itgoesuptothecervicalvertebraanddescendstoQuepen(ST12)andconnectswithlung.Thenitpassesthroughthediaphragmandentersthelargeintestine,itspertainingorgan.ThebranchfromQuepen(ST12)runsupwardtotheneck,passesthroughthecheekandentersthelowergums.ThenitturnsbacktotheupperlipandcrossestheoppositemeridianatRenzhong(thephiltrum).Theleftmeridiangoestotherightandtherightmeridiantotheleft,tothecontralateralsidesofthenose.[Indications]Disordersofthemouth,teeth,noseandthroataswellasdiseasesinvolvingthelateralborderoftheupperlimbs,anteriorpartoftheshoulderandneck.Importantacupoints

穴位

TheStomachMeridian

(足陽明胃經(jīng)

)

TheStomachMeridianbeginsnearthebottomoutsideedgesofthenose.Itgoesuparoundthenose,encirclingthebridgeofthenose(thethirdeye),andatthesametimegoesdownaroundthemouthandupeachcheektotheforehead.Italsorunsfromthelowerjaw,downthenecktothesternum,whereitsplitsintotwobranches.Onebranchgoesdowneithersideofthechest,belly,andstomach.Theycontinuedownpastthegroin;asinglebranchrunsdowneachlegandendsatthetipsofthesecondtoes,whereitconnectstotheSpleenMeridian.BlockageintheStomachMeridianoftenmanifestsitselfasvomiting,mouthsores,andnausea.

Importantacupoints

穴位

Spleenmeridianoffoot-taiyin(足太陰脾經(jīng))TheSpleenMeridianbeginsateachbigtoeandgoesupeachlegtothespleen.ItthencontinuesgoingupthebodyuntilitendsatthebaseofthetonguewhereitintersectstheHeartMeridian.BlockageintheSpleenMeridianoftenmanifestsitselfaslossofappetite,hepatitis,menstrualdisorders,orfatigueSpleenmeridianoffoot-taiyin(足太陰脾經(jīng))TheSpleenMeridianstartsfromthetipofthebigtoe.Itrunsalongthemedialaspectofthebigtoebetweentheredandwhiteskinandascendstothefrontofthemedialmalleolusandfurtheruptothemedialaspectoftheleg.ItfollowstheposterioraspectofthetibiaandpassesthroughthefrontoftheLiverMeridian.Goingonalongtheanteriormedialaspectofthekneeandthenthethigh,itenterstheabdomen,reachestheapleen,itspertainingorgan,andconnectswiththestomach.Passingthroughthedisphragmandrunningalongsidetheesophagus,itreachestherootofthetongue,andspreadsoverunderthetongue.Abranchgoesupwardsthroughthestomachandthediaphragm,thenflowsintotheheart.[Indication]Disordersofthespleenandstomach,gynecologicaldiseases,genitalproblemsanddiseasesinvolvingtheareasthroughwhichthemeridianflows.Importantacupoints

穴位

SP6(sanyinjiao)[Location]Theacupointislocatedonthemedialsideoftheshank,3cundirectlyabovethetipofthemedialmalleolus,ontheposteriorborderofthemedialaspectofthetibia.[Indications]Abdominalpainanddistension,edema,seminalemission,impotence,retentionofurine,irregularmenstruation,metrorrhagiaandmetrostaxis,multicoloredleucorrhea,dystocia,amenorrhea,insomniaandhypertensionSP9(yinlingquan)[Location]Theacupointislocatedonthemedialsideoftheshank,onthelowerborderofthemedialcondyleofthetibiaandinthedepressiononthemedialborderofthetibia.[Indications]Abdominalpain,abdominaldistension,diarrhea,dysentery,constipation,edema,jaundice,dysuria,andtumescentpainofthekneejoint.TheHeartMeridian

(手少陰心經(jīng)）

TheHeartMeridianhasthreebranchesallbeginningneartheheart.

Onebranchgoestothesmallintestine,onebranchgoesuppastthetonguewhereitmeetstheSpleenMeridianandthencontinuestotheeyes,andthethirdbranchgoesdowneacharmandendsatthetipsofthelittlefingerswhereitmeetstheSmallIntestineMeridian.BlockageintheHeartMeridianoftenmanifestsitselfasheartproblemsorinsomnia.

Importantacupoints

穴位

HT7(shenmen)[Location]Whenthepalmisturnedupward,theacupointisattheulnarendofthetransversecreaseofthewrist,inthedepressionontheradialsideofthetendonofm.flexorcarpiulnaris.[Indications]Anginapectoris,dysphoria,palpitation,severepalpitations,amnesia,insomnia,mania,epilepsy,hypochondriacpain,wristpainandfingernumbness.

Smallintestinemeridianofhand-taiyang

(手太陽小腸經(jīng)）TheSmallIntestineMeridianstartsfromtheulnarsideofthetipofthelittlefinger.Followingtheulnarsideofthedorsumofthehand,itreachesthewrist.Thenitgoesoutfromthestyloidprocessoftheulna,ascendsalongtheposteriorborderofthelateralaspectoftheforearm,passesbetweentheolecranonoftheulnaandthemedialepicondyleofthehumerusandrunsalongtheposteriorborderofthelateralaspectoftheupperarmtotheshoulderjoint.Circlingaroundthescapularregion,itmeetsthesuperioraspectoftheshoulder,thenturnsdownwardtothesupraclavicularfossa.Itconnectswiththeheart.Fromthere,thenitdescendsalongtheexophagus,passesthroughthediaphragm,reachesthestomachandentersthesmallintestine,itspertainingorgan.Thebranchfromthesupraclavicularfossaascendsalongthenecktothecheek,reachestheoutercanthusandenterstheear.[Indication]Disordersoftheorgansonthefaceandthroat,febrilediseaseandpathologicalchangesofthelateralsideoftheupperlimbs,scapulaandneck.Importantacupoints

穴位

SI3(houxi)[Location]Whenthehandisslightlyclenched,theacupointislocatedontheulnarside,proximaltothefifthmetacarpophalangealjoint,attheendofthetransversecreaseandthejunctionoftheredandwhiteskin.[Indications]Redness,swellingandpainoftheeyes,sorethroat,mania,epilepsy,stiffneck,acutelumbarmusclesprain,spasmodicpainintheelbowandarm,numbnessoffingers,malariaandfebriledisease.SI11(Tianzong)[Location]Theacupointisintheinfrascapularfossa,atthejunctionoftheupper1/3andmiddle1/3ofthedistancebetweenthelowerborderofthescapularspineandtheinferiorangleofthescapula.[Indications]Paininthescapularregion,cough,asthma,andbreastabscess.Bladdermeridianoffoot-taiyang(足太陽膀胱經(jīng)）TheBladderMeridianstartsfromtheinnercanthusandthenascendstotheforehead,andjoinsthevertex.Abrancharisesfromthevertex,runstothetemple.Thestraightportionofthemeridianentersandcommunicateswiththebrainfromthevertex.Itcomesoutandbifurcatestodescendalongtheposterioraspectoftheneck.andthendownwardalongthemedialaspectofthescapularegionandparalleledtothevertebralcolumn.Itreachesthelumberregionwhereitentersthebodycavityviatheparavertebralmuscletoconnectwiththekidneyandjoinitspertainingorgan,theurinarybladder.Thebranchofthelumbarregiondescendsthroughtheglutealregionandendsinthepoplitealfossa.Thebranchfromtheposterioraspectoftheneckrunsstraightdownwardalongthemedialborderofthescapula,passesthroughtheglutealregionanddownwardalongthelateralaspectofthethigh,tomeettheprecedingbranchdescendingfromthelumbarregioninthepoplitealfossa,thendescendsthroughthegastrocnemiusmuscletotheposterioraspectoftheexternalmalleolus,thenrunsalongthetuberosityoftheexternalmetatarsalbone,andreachesthelateralsideofthetipofthelittletoe.[Indication]Diseasesofthehead,neck,eyes,back,waistandlowerlimbsaswellasmentalproblems.TheindicationsoftheBack-Shuacupointsonthefirstlaterallineofthebackandtheacupointsonthesecondlineparalleltothefirstlaterallineincludethedisordersoftherelatedviscera,tissuesandorgans.Importantacupoints

穴位

BL40(Weizhong)[Location]onthemidpointofthepoplitealtransversecreaseandbetweenthetendonsofm.bicepsfemorisandm.semitendinosus.[Indications]Lumbago,flaccidityandobstructionsyndromesoflowerlimbs,dysuria,enuresis,abdominalpain,vomiting,diarrheaanderysipelas.

TheKidneyMeridian

(足少陰腎經(jīng)

)

TheKidneyMeridianbeginsundereachbigtoeneartheballofthefootandgoesupthelegstothekidneyswhereitsplitsintotwobranches.Asthesebranchesgothroughthechest,theymeetthePericardiumMeridian.Fromtheretheygotothebaseofthetongue.BlockageintheKidneyMeridiancanmanifestitselfasbackachesorearproblems.Importantacupoints

穴位

KI1(yongquan)[Location]Thisacupointislocatedonthesoleandinthedepressionwhenthefootisinplantarflexion,intheanteriordepressionwhenthefootisflexed,approximatelyatthejunctionoftheanterioronethirdandposteriortwothirdsofthesole.[Indication]Depressivepsychosis,manicpsychosis,infantileconvulsion,windstroke,hysteria,headache,vertigo,sorethroat,aphonia,unsmoothurination,constipationandfeverishsoles.PericardiumMeridianofhand-jueyin

(手厥陰心包經(jīng))Itstartsfromthechest,andentersitspertainingorgan,thepericardium.Itdescendsthroughthediaphragmtoconnectsuccessivelywiththeupper,middleandlowerenergizer.Abrancharisingfromthechestrunsinsidethechest,comesoutfromthecostalregionbelowtheaxillaandascendstotheaxilla.Followingthemedialaspectoftheupperarm,itrunsbetweentheLungMeridianandHeartMeridiantothecublitalfossa,furtherdownwardtotheforearmbetweenthetendonsofm.palmarislongusandm.flexorcarpiradiadis,entersthepalm,thenpassesalongthemiddlefingerrightdowntoitstip.Anotherbrancharisingfromthepalmrunsalongtheringfingertoitstip.[Indication]Disordersoftheheart,chest,stomachandmindaswellasdiseasesinvolvingtheregionscoveredbythecyclicalflowingofthemeridian.

Importantacupoints

穴位

PC6(neiguan)[Location]2cunabovethetransversecreaseofthewrist,betweenthetendonsofmusclepalmarislongusandmuscleflexorcarpiradialis.[Indication]Anginapectoris,palpitation,stomachache,vomiting,hiccup,insomnia,dizziness,epilepsy,puerperalvertigoduetolossofblood,chestdistress,spasmodicpainofelbowandforearm,migraineandfebriledisease.

Tripleenergizermeridianofhand-shaoyang

（手少陽三焦經(jīng)經(jīng)）

ThePericardiumMeridianbeginsneartheheartwhereitsplitsintotwoparts.Onebranchgoesdownthroughthebodycavitywhiletheotheronegoesdowneacharmtothepalmswhereitsplitsintotwo.Fromhere,onebranchgoestothetipofthemiddlefingerwhiletheotherbranchgoestothetipoftheringfinger,whereitmeetstheTripleBurnerMeridian.BlockageinthePericardiumMeridianoftenmanifestsitselfasavarietyofchestandbreastproblems.Importantacupoints

穴位

TE5(waiguan)[Location]Onthelateralsideoftheforearm,2cunabovethetransversecreaseofthedorsumofthewrist,betweentheulnaandradius.[Indications]Migraine,facialparalysis,tinnitus,deafness,redness,swellingandpainofeyes,hypochondriacpain,spasmodicpainintheelbowandarm,commoncoldandfebriledisease.TE17(yifeng)[Location]Theacupointislocatedposteriortothelobuleoftheear,inthedepressionbetweenthemandibleandmastoidprocess.[Indications]Facialparalysis,tinnitus,deafness,swellingofcheeks,toothacheandhiccup.

Gallbladdermeridianoffoot-shaoyang

(足少陽膽經(jīng)）TheGallbladderMeridianstartsfromtheoutercanthus,ascendstothecorneroftheforehead,thencurvesdownwardtotheretroauricualregionandroundsalongthesideoftheneckinfrontoftheTripleEnergizerMeridiantotheshoulder,thenturnsback,transversesandpassesbehindtheTripleEnergizerMeridian,downtothesupraclavicularfossa.Thefirstbrancharisesfromtherectroauricularregionandentersintotheear.Itcomesoutandpassesthepreauricularregiontotheposterioraspectoftheoutercanthus.ThesecondbrancharisingfromtheoutercanthusrunsdownwardtoDaying(ST5)andmeetstheTripleEnergizerMeridianintheinfraorbitalregion,thenpassesthroughJiache(TE6),descendstotheneckandentersthesupraclavicularfossa,thenfurtherdescendsintothechest,passesthroughthediaphragmtoconnectwiththeliverandentersitspertainingorgan,thegallbladder.Thenitrunsinsidethehypochondriacregion,comesoutfromthelateralsideofthelowerabdomen,fromthere,runssuperficiallyalongtheregionofthepubichairandgoestransverselyintothehipregion.Thethirdbranchfromthesupraclavicularfossarunsdownwardtotheaxilla,alongthelateralsideofthechestandthroughthefloatingribtothehipregion.Thenitdescendsalongthelateralaspectofthethightothelateralsideofthekneeandgoesfurtherdownwardalongtheanterioraspectofthefibula,reachestheanterioraspectoftheexternalmalleolus.Itthenfollowsthedorsumofthefoottothelateralsideofthetipofthe4thtoe.Thebranchfromthedorsumofthefootrunsbetweenthefirstandsecondmetatarsalbonetothedistalportionofthegreattoeandpassesthroughthenailandterminatesatitshairyregion.[Indication]Disordersofthelateralsideofthehead,eyes,earsandthroataswellasmentalproblems,febrilediseaseandotherdiseasesinvolvingtheareasthroughwhichthemeridianpasses.

Gallbladdermeridianoffoot-shaoyang

(足少陽膽經(jīng)）Importantacupoints

穴位

GB30(huantiao)[Location]Thisacupointislocatedlateraltothethigh.Whenthethighisflexed,theacupointisatthejunctionofthelateral1/3andmedial2/3ofthedistancebetweenthemostprotrudingpointofthegreattrochanterandthehiatusofthesacrum.

GB34(yanglingquan)[Location]Inthedepressionanteriorandinferiortotheheadofthefibula.[Indications]hypochondriacpain,bittertasteinthemouth,jaundice,vomiting,painintheloinsandlegs,flaccidityandobstructionsyndromesoflowerlimbs,acuteandchronicsprainofwaistandstiffnessofneck.GB21(jianjing)[Location]ThisacupointislocatedontheshoulderandatthemidwaybetweenDazhui(GV14)andtheacromion.[Indications]Stiffnessandpainofneck,shoulderandback,paralysisofupperlimbs,breastabscess,agalactia,dystociaandscorofula.

Livermeridianoffoot-jueyin

(足厥陰肝經(jīng)）Itstartsfromthedorsalhairofthegreattoe,runsupwardalongthedorsumofthefootthroughthepoint,1cuninfrontofthemedialmalleolus,ascendstothearea8cunabovethemedialmalleoluswhenitrunsacrossandbehindtheSpleenMeridian.Thenitrunsfurtherupwardtothemedialsideoftheknee,andalongthemedialsideofthethightothepubichairregionwhereitcurvesaroundtheexternalgenitaliaandgoesuptothelowerabdomen.Itthenrunsupwardandcurvesaroundthestomachtoentertheliver,itspertainingorgan,andconnectswiththegallbladder.Itascends,passingthroughthediaphragmandbranchingoutinthecostalandhypochondriacregions.Thenitascendsalongt