考法4|“不一致”錯(cuò)誤錯(cuò)誤1——主謂不一致1．(2017·?？谑姓{(diào)研測(cè)試)MylovetotennisaremorethanIcouldexpress.are→is[句子的主語(yǔ)Mylove是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)。]2．(2017·石家莊市質(zhì)檢)Besides,punishments,suchasafine,isnecessarytotouristswithsuchbadbehaviors.is→are[句子的主語(yǔ)punishments是復(fù)數(shù)，故is改為are。]3．(2017·福州八中質(zhì)檢)Asthesayinggo,“Unitedwestand;dividedwefall.”go→goes[句子的主語(yǔ)thesaying是單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用第三人稱單數(shù)，故go改為goes。]4．(2017·江西省五市八校聯(lián)考)Newscamethatthetreesintheparktwokilometersawayfromourschoolwasblowndown.was→were[that后面是同位語(yǔ)從句，從句的主語(yǔ)是thetrees，故謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞was改為were。]5．(2017·南昌市模擬)Inmyopinion,cheatinginexamsarewrong.are→is[當(dāng)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用單數(shù)。]6．(2017·菏澤市模擬)However,toomuchexposuretophonesarebadforpeopleintermsofhealth.are→is[主語(yǔ)為toomuchexposure為單數(shù)，故are改為is。不要受phones的影響而認(rèn)為主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)。]7．(2017·六盤山市模擬)Sothenumberofthemarefallingquickly.are→is[需注意本句的主語(yǔ)是thenumber而不是them，故are改為is。]8．(2017·西安市模擬)Thenaforeignerandthebosswashavingaconversation,butthebossdidn'tknowwhattheforeignersaid.was→were[句子的主語(yǔ)aforeignerandtheboss是兩個(gè)人，故was改為were。]9．(2017·豫南九校質(zhì)量考評(píng))Anyonewhoareinterestedinsomethingwilldevotehimselftoit.are→is[who引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，代替先行詞anyone作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)為單數(shù)，故are改為is。]10．(2017·淄博市模擬)What'smore,intheprocessoffighting,wegetclosetosuccess,asthesayinggoesthatfailurearethemotherofsuccess.are→is[thesayinggoes后that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，其中主語(yǔ)failure為單數(shù)，故are改為is。]感悟與反思：主謂不一致錯(cuò)誤主要有三種情況：①由于對(duì)基本概念忽視而失分：應(yīng)注意單復(fù)數(shù)的一致，例如當(dāng)不定式、動(dòng)名詞或從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)應(yīng)為單數(shù)。②由于受其他詞的影響而失分：例如第六題toomuchexposuretophones中易受phones的影響而認(rèn)為主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)。③注意就近原則。錯(cuò)誤2——時(shí)態(tài)不一致1．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)Thoughnotverybig,therestaurantispopularinourarea.Itisalwayscrowdedwithcustomersatmealtimes.Somepeopleevenhadtowaitoutside.had→have[由前面的兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞is可知，時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，后面的句子也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。]2．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Ithoughtthatitisagoodidea.Itdoesnotcostmuch,yetwecanstilllearnalot.thought→think[由is，does和can可判斷句子的主體時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，應(yīng)把thought改為think。]3．(2015·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)WhenIwasachild,Ihopedtoliveinthecity.IthinkIwouldbehappythere.think→thought[這兩句話是回憶童年的事情，由was，hoped和would也可知時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)為過(guò)去時(shí)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，把think改為thought。]4．(2017·周口市模擬)I'mgladtoknowyouareinterestedinChinesesongsandwantedtolearnthem.wanted→want[and前的動(dòng)詞am，are說(shuō)明句子整體時(shí)態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，把wanted改為want。]【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：】5．(2017·天水市二中模擬)ButIfoundthatthereisnobodyintheclassroombecauseitwasSunday.is→was[根據(jù)found和was可判定指過(guò)去，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，把is改為was。]6．(2017·雙鴨山市模擬)Iwentintothekitchenandfindthewindowwasopen.find→found[根據(jù)句中的went和was可判定指過(guò)去，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，把find改為found。]7．(2017·九江一中模擬)IamgladtohearthatyouaregoingtoCanadatostudy.SoIwaswritingtotellyousomethingaboutthiscountry.was→am[根據(jù)第一句中的am和are可判定指現(xiàn)在，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，把was改為am。]8．(2017·佛山一中模擬)Afarmersaidthestormbeganearlyinthemorningandlastonehour.last→lasted[根據(jù)句中的said和began可判定指過(guò)去，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，把last改為lasted。]9．(2017·濰坊市質(zhì)檢)Earlyinthemorning,myparentsandIsetoffforthedepartmentstoretofindagiftforGrandpa.Wechooseverycarefullyandpurchasedawarmsweaterfinally.choose→chose[根據(jù)第一句的內(nèi)容可判定指過(guò)去，再根據(jù)第二句and后面的purchased可知，應(yīng)把choose改為chose。]10．(2017·長(zhǎng)春外國(guó)語(yǔ)學(xué)校模擬)Hegotupearlyasusualinthemorning,butwhenhewasreadytoleavehefindhisbicycle'sfronttyre(輪胎)flat.find→found[根據(jù)句中的got和was可判定指過(guò)去，根據(jù)時(shí)態(tài)的一致性，把find改為found。]感悟與反思：時(shí)態(tài)不一致錯(cuò)誤主要有三種情況：①并列句中的時(shí)態(tài)不一致。②主從句的時(shí)態(tài)不一致。③前后句中的時(shí)態(tài)不一致。錯(cuò)誤3——指代不一致1．(2017·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Thispictureoftenbringsbacktomemanyhappymemoriesofyourhighschooldays.your→my[此處是以作者的口吻寫的，這張照片經(jīng)常讓我想起“我的高中生活”。]2．(2016·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Ifwegoonatripabroad,wecanbroadenyourviewandgainknowledgewecannotgetfrombooks.your→our[由前面的wegoonatrip和wecanbroaden可知，應(yīng)把your改為our。]3．(2017·銀川九中模擬)Althoughmyflatissmall,Ilikethemverymuchbecauseitisfortable.them→it[根據(jù)myflat和it可判定我喜歡我的房子，故them改為it。]4．(2017·南充市模擬)Hewasstrict,humorous,tellinghimjokeswhenwerested.him→us[當(dāng)我們休息的時(shí)候，他給我們講笑話，故him改為us。]5．(2017·天水一中模擬)Smartphonesbenefitthem.Theyhelpusescapethepressureoflifeandgetinformation.them→us[根據(jù)第二句的“它們幫助我們擺脫生活壓力”可知，智能手機(jī)對(duì)我們有益，故them改為us。]6．(2017·深圳市模擬)Fromthenonwebecamegoodfriends.Wehadmoninterestinbasketballandoftensharedtheirexperienceaboutphotographing.their→our[根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，我們成了好朋友，我們都喜歡籃球，經(jīng)常分享我們的攝影經(jīng)驗(yàn)，故their改為our。]7．(2017·石家莊市模擬)Mistakesareunavoidableinlife.Butattitudestowardsitmaymakeadifference.it→them[此處表示，錯(cuò)誤是難免的，但是對(duì)錯(cuò)誤的態(tài)度會(huì)大有影響，故it改為them。]8．English.I模擬)It'sofgreathelpformetolearnEnglish.IwillmakefulluseofthemandlearnEnglishwell.them→it[既然英語(yǔ)(it)很有幫助，我將充分使用它，把它學(xué)好，故them改為it。]9．(2017·湖北省七市聯(lián)考)Whatanamazingworldof“why”sheleadsusto!Sheissuchalearnedpersonthatwealladmirehimverymuch.him→her[根據(jù)she可判定是一位女士，故him改為her。]10．(2017·哈爾濱三中模擬)Whatwehavegainedfromthiscampisnotonlyknowledge,butalsofriendship.Ihopetheirfriendshipwilllastforever.their→our[我們從野營(yíng)中獲得了知識(shí)和友誼，我希望我們的友誼長(zhǎng)存。故their改為our。]感悟與反思：指代不一致錯(cuò)誤主要有三種情況：①人稱不一致。②單復(fù)數(shù)不一致。③性別不一致。(對(duì)應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第62頁(yè))A(2017·陜西省西安地區(qū)八校聯(lián)考)Today,atthelocalconveniencestorethatIwork,anelderlymanwithaguidedogcoin.Hein.Hewenttotheshelfwheretherewereallkindsofgreetingcard.Hepickedupacard,helditupextremeclosetohiseyes,andstruggledreadit.JustasIwasabouttowalkovertohelphim,Ifoundthelittlegirl，whowasabouttenyearsold,askedhimthatheneededhelp.Beforeheardhisanswer,shestartedtoreadhimalmosteverysinglegreetingcardoutlouduntilwhentheelderlymansmiled.Hesaid，“That'sperfect!Hiswifewilllovethatone！”【答案】Today,atthelocalconveniencestoreeq\f(that,where)Iwork,anelderlymanwithaguidedogeq\f(e,came)in.Hewenttotheshelfwheretherewereallkindsofgreetingeq\f(card,cards).Hepickedupacard,helditupeq\f(extreme,extremely)closetohiseyes,andstruggledeq\o(\s\up8(∧),to)readit.JustasIwasabouttowalkovertohelphim,Ifoundeq\f(the,a)littlegirl,whowasabouttenyearsold,askedhimeq\f(that,whether/if)heneededhelp.Beforeeq\f(heard,hearing)hisanswer,shestartedtoreadhimalmosteverysinglegreetingcardoutlouduntileq\o(﹨,when)theelderlymansmiled.Hesaid,“That'sperfect!eq\f(His,My)wifewilllovethatone！”【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：】B(2017·山東省部分重點(diǎn)中學(xué)調(diào)研聯(lián)考)Tiredofsleepingonthefloor,ayoungmaninTeheranboughtarealbed.Itwasforthefirsttimethathehadbeetheproudownerofabedwherehadsprings(彈簧)andamattress(床墊)．Becausetheweatherisveryhot,hecarriedthebedontotheroofofhishouse.Hesleptverygoodforthefirsttwonights,butonthethirdnight,astormblewup.Agustofwindsweptthebedofftheroofbutsentitcrashingintothecourtyardbelow.Theyoungmandidwakeupuntilthebedstrucktheground.Althoughthebedwasbrokenintopiece,themanwassurprisinglyunhurt.Whenhewokeup,hewasstillonthemattress.Glancedatthebitsofwoodandmetalthatlayaroundhim,themansadlypickedupthemattressandcarriedthemintohishouse.Afterhehadputitonthefloor,he