高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖南省湖南名校協(xié)作體2024-2025學年高二下學期5月月考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AIfyou’reoverwhelmedbytheever-risingcostsofyourstudyingmaterials,thesenationwidescholarshipsforbooksareanexcellentopportunitytoreduceyourtextbookexpenses.BookScouterScholarshipBookScouterawardsa$500scholarshiptoassiststudentswithtextbookexpenses.Applicantsmustcompleteaquestionnaireandsubmitashortvideo.Asthescholarshipisquarterly,checkforthenearestdeadline.DounyaIrrgangScholarshipTheDounyaIrrgangScholarshipawards$500toonewinnertopurchasetextbooksandotherreadingmaterials.Thescholarshipisopentofemale,first-generationcollegestudentsfromalow-incomebackground.Theapplicationrequiresanessayandafamilypicture;thedeadlineisinMay.BookwormScholarshipThisscholarshipisopenforallstudentsofanyage,educationallevel,andfieldofstudyaslongasthey’rekeenreaders.Whilenotarequirement,studentswhoengagewiththeliterarycommunitybyworking,volunteering,orrunningbookclubsgetaplus.Thescholarshipisworth$1,000andrequiresanessay.ThedeadlineisinDecember.SScholarshipAwards$1,000tohelpcovertextbookcosts.Toapply,likeSonFacebook,takeabriefsurveyandsharethescholarshiponsocialmedia.TheapplicationdeadlineisinDecember.1.WhatmakesBookScouterScholarshipunique?A.IthasafixeddeadlineinMay.B.Ittargetslow-incomestudentsexclusively.C.Itrequiresvideosubmission.D.Itrequiressocialmediainvolvement.2.Whichscholarshipvaluesvoluntaryexperience?A.DounyaIrrgangScholarship. B.BookwormScholarship.C.SScholarship. D.BookScouterScholarship.3.Whatistheprimarygoalofallscholarships?A.Topromoteacademicexcellence.B.Toenhancesocialmediaengagement.C.Toeasetextbook-relatedfinancialstress.D.Tosupportfemaleeducationinitiatives.【答案】1.C2.B3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了四項全國性書籍獎學金，包括申請要求、金額和截止日期等信息，旨在幫助學生減輕教材費用負擔?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BookScouterScholarship部分中“BookScouterawardsa$500scholarshiptoassiststudentswithtextbookexpenses.Applicantsmustcompleteaquestionnaireandsubmitashortvideo.(BookScouter提供500美元獎學金以幫助學生支付教材費用。申請人必須完成一份問卷并提交一段短視頻)”和與其它獎學金信息比對可知，BookScouter獎學金要求提交視頻，這是它獨特的地方。故選C項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)BookwormScholarship部分中“Thisscholarshipisopenforallstudentsofanyage,educationallevel,andfieldofstudyaslongasthey’rekeenreaders.Whilenotarequirement,studentswhoengagewiththeliterarycommunitybyworking,volunteering,orrunningbookclubsgetaplus.(這項獎學金面向所有年齡、教育水平和研究領域的學生——只要他們是熱愛閱讀的人。雖然不是必需條件，但通過工作、志愿服務或運營讀書俱樂部參與文學社區(qū)的學生有加分)”可推知，Bookworm獎學金看重志愿者經歷。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifyou’reoverwhelmedbytheeverrisingcostsofyourstudyingmaterials,thesenationwidescholarshipsforbooksareanexcellentopportunitytoreduceyourtextbookexpenses.(如果你被不斷上漲的學習材料費用壓得喘不過氣來，這些全國性的書籍獎學金是減少你教材費用的絕佳機會)”以及后文對各項獎學金的介紹可推知，所有獎學金的主要目標是緩解與教材相關的經濟壓力。故選C項。BNothingscreamedfreedomformeasakidlikegreenrubberboots.Eachwintermeantnewbootsformylittlebrotherandme.SometimestheywereChristmaspresents,butmoreoftentheyweresimplynecessitiesfortwoboyswhotooktheirjobofgettingdirtyveryseriouslyandwhosefeetgrewliketheysteppedinfertilizer(肥料)eachnight.Dependingonthemodel,theymighthavelongyellowlaces(鞋帶)allthewayupthefrontandastripofyellowrubberaroundthetop.Sometimeswegotthecommonslip-onkind,butIlikedthelace-uptypebetter.Ilovedthreadingthoselacesinandoutandinandoutandthenfastenedthemdowntightatthetoptolockthelegsofmyoverallsorjeansinplace.Youcouldn’tmaintainthewavyeffectwiththeslip-onkind,soyoucouldn’tlooklikeaBritishsoldierforverylongwiththose.Theonlydrawbacktothelaceswasthatovertimetheplastictipwouldwearoffandthelaceswouldbewornout.Thenthreadingthemthroughtheeyesgottobeachore—especiallywhensomeweedsorinsectswouldgrabholdoftheendsandmakeastickymess.Gettingbootsatthestorewasnice,butnothingwasbetterthangettingbootsinawrapped-upbox.Thebestoneshaveaprettylidandopenlikeatreasurechest.Sometimesabigstickerwithapictureofthebootsgreetedusfromunderthewrappedpaper.Buteverytime,raisingthelidreleasedasweetsmellofrubberygoodness.Ilovedthesmoothinsideoftheboot,andmovingmytoesinit.Therewasalwaysplentyofspaceforgrowingfeet.Thencametheimportantwalkaroundtheroomandupanddownthehall,boomingalongonthehardwoodfloor.Bestofallwasthebangofthebackdoor,theclumpingdownsteps,andtheheavy,thunderousthunk,thunkacrosstheyardtothenearestholeofmudandfreedom.4.Whatdoes“steppedinfertilizer”inparagraph1implyaboutthebrothers?A.Theirfeetgrewrapidly. B.Theylikedtoplayinthefertilizer.C.Theydeliberatelydamagedtheirboots. D.Theirshoeswereoftencoveredinmud.5.Whydidtheauthorpreferlace-upboots?A.Longerdurability. B.Extraspaceforgrowth.C.Visualeffectonclothing. D.Easieroutdoormovement.6.Howdoestheauthorviewthelaces’drawback?A.Disappointing. B.Insignificant. C.Regrettable. D.Confusing.7.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Achildren’sstorybook. B.Apersonalrecollection.C.Customerfeedback. D.Ahistorytextbook.【答案】4.A5.C6.B7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，作者回憶童年時期與弟弟一起穿綠色橡膠靴的往事，詳細描述了靴子的款式、穿脫過程、玩耍場景以及對不同款式靴子的感受等，展現(xiàn)了童年時對橡膠靴的喜愛以及與之相關的純真快樂。【4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“SometimestheywereChristmaspresents,butmoreoftentheyweresimplynecessitiesfortwoboyswhotooktheirjobofgettingdirtyveryseriouslyandwhosefeetgrewlikethey

steppedinfertilizer (肥料)eachnight.(有時它們是圣誕禮物，但更常見的是，它們只是兩個男孩的必需品，他們非常認真地對待清理臟污的工作，他們的腳每天晚上都長得像踩在肥料里一樣。)”可知，這句話形象地表達出兄弟倆的腳長得很快，像踩了肥料一樣，故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Ilovedthreadingthoselacesinandoutandinandoutandthenfastenedthemdowntightatthetoptolockthelegsofmyoverallsorjeansinplace.Youcouldn’tmaintainthewavyeffectwiththeslip-onkind,soyoucouldn’tlooklikeaBritishsoldierforverylongwiththose.(我喜歡把這些鞋帶穿進去穿出來，然后在上面把它們綁緊，把我的工裝褲或牛仔褲的褲腿固定好。穿便鞋就不能保持波浪的效果，所以穿便鞋就不能長時間看起來像英國士兵)”可知，作者喜歡系帶靴是因為它能與服裝搭配出視覺效果，讓自己看起來像英國士兵，而套腳靴無法做到這一點，所以選C?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第三段“Theonlydrawbacktothelaceswasthatovertimetheplastictipwouldwearoffandthelaceswouldbewornout.Thenthreadingthemthroughtheeyesgottobeachore—especiallywhensomeweedsorinsectswouldgrabholdoftheendsandmakeastickymess.(鞋帶唯一的缺點是，隨著時間的推移，塑料尖端會磨損，鞋帶會磨損。然后把它們穿過眼睛就成了一件苦差事——尤其是當一些雜草或昆蟲會抓住它們的末端，弄得一團糟的時候)”可知，本段提到靴子鞋帶的望料頭磨損、穿孔費勁以及被雜草昆蟲弄臟等敏點，但作者只描述了這些情況，并沒有過多抱怨或表達強烈不滿，這些缺點并未影響作者對系帶靴的喜愛，說明作者認為這些缺點是微不足道的。故選B。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Nothingscreamedfreedomformeasakidlikegreenrubberboots.(在我小時候，沒有什么比綠膠靴更能代表自由了)”以及作者回憶童年時期與弟弟一起穿綠色橡膠靴的往事，詳細描述了靴子的款式、穿脫過程、玩耍場景以及對不同款式靴子的感受等，展現(xiàn)了童年時對橡膠靴的喜愛以及與之相關的純真快樂?？芍?，本文是作者對于過去事件或經歷的回憶和記憶，是個人回憶錄。故選B。CAfewyearsago,youwentonavacationwithfriends,creatinglastingmemories-walkingalongthebeach,swimminginthesea,andenjoyingbreathtakingsunsets.However,thetripwasn’tallsmoothsailing:longdrives,foodissues,andunpredictableweather.Yet,overtime,youtendtorememberthebeautifulmomentswhiletheinconveniencesfade.Thisissknownasrosyretrospection,acognitivebias(認知偏見)wherepeoplerecallpastexperiencesmorepositivelythantheyfeltduringtheactualevent.Thephenomenoncanbeunderstoodasthecomplexinteractionofcognitivemechanismsthatshapeourmemoryprocesses.Whenrecallingmemories,ourbrainstendtofocusonpositivedetailsanddownplaynegativeaspects,whichhelpsmaintainemotionalwell-being.Nostalgia(懷舊)alsoplaysasignificantrole,asitarousesfeelingsofwarmthandbelonging,leadingustoviewthepastmorepositively.Additionally,ourcurrentemotionalstateandself-enhancementbiascaninfluencehowwerememberpastevents,makingthemseemmorefavorable.Whilesomeindividualswhofocusmoreonnegativeexperiencesmaybeatahigherriskofmooddisorderssuchasdepression,rosyretrospectioncanboostourmoods,increaselifesatisfaction,andevenhelpuscopewithdifficultpresentcircumstancesbyprovidingasenseofcontinuityandpositiveself-identity.However,rosyretrospectionoccasionallycreatesanunrealisticviewofthepast,whichcanleadpeopletomakedecisionsthatarenotbasedonrealitybutratherontheiridealizedmemories.It’soneofthereasonswhywemightrepeatedlyreturntounhealthyrelationships.Thelongerthetimethathaspassedsincetheevent,themorel ikelywearetoletthegoodmemoriesoutweighthebadmemoriesandperhapsevenforgiveunforgivablebehavior.Understandingandacknowledgingthiscognitivebiascanbecrucialformakingaccurateandbeneficialdecisions.8.Whichisatypicalfeatureofrosyretrospection?A.Forgettingnegativemomentsintentionally. B.Recallingpastexperiencesrepeatedly.C.Rememberingadventuroustripsmoreclearly. D.Viewingpasteventsmorepositively.9.Whatisthemainideaofparagraph2?A.Factorsshapingmemorypositivity. B.Nostalgia’semotionalbenefits.C.Negativeexperiencesandmentalhealth. D.Currentemotionstwistingmemories.10.Whatisapossibleconsequenceofrosyretrospection?A.Weakenedself-identity. B.Overfocusoncurrentissues.C.Improveddecisionaccuracy. D.Unrealisticviewsofpastrelationships.11.Whatdoesthearticlesuggesttoreducerosyretrospection’srisks?A.Prioritizefutureplanningovermemories.B.Recognizethecognitivebiasconsciously.C.Focusmoreonnegativeexperiences.D.Confirmmemoriesbeforemakingdecisions.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是“玫瑰色回憶”這一認知偏見的成因、影響及可能帶來的現(xiàn)實風險。【8題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thisisknownasrosyretrospection,acognitivebias(認知偏見)wherepeoplerecallpastexperiencesmorepositivelythantheyfeltduringtheactualevent.(這種現(xiàn)象被稱為‘玫瑰色回憶’（rosyretrospection），這是一種認知偏見，人們回憶過去的經歷時會比實際經歷時更積極)”可知，其典型特征是比實際體驗更積極地看待過去的事件，即更積極地回顧過去的事件。故選D項?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thephenomenoncanbeunderstoodasthecomplexinteractionofcognitivemechanismsthatshapeourmemoryprocesses.Whenrecallingmemories,ourbrainstendtofocusonpositivedetailsanddownplaynegativeaspects,whichhelpsmaintainemotionalwell-being.Nostalgia(懷舊)alsoplaysasignificantrole,asitarousesfeelingsofwarmthandbelonging,leadingustoviewthepastmorepositively.Additionally,ourcurrentemotionalstateandself-enhancementbiascaninfluencehowwerememberpastevents,makingthemseemmorefavorable.(這種現(xiàn)象可以被理解為我們記憶過程中的復雜認知機制的相互作用。在回憶記憶時，我們的大腦傾向于關注積極的細節(jié)，而淡化負面方面，這有助于維持情緒健康。懷舊也起著重要作用，因為它喚起溫暖和歸屬感，使我們對過去的看法更加積極。此外，我們當前的情緒狀態(tài)和自我提升偏見也會影響我們對過去事件的記憶，使它們看起來更有利)”可知，本段主要講述了大腦在回憶時關注積極細節(jié)、懷舊情緒帶來溫暖歸屬感、當前情緒和自我提升偏見影響記憶等這些都是影響記憶積極性形成的因素。故選A項?！?0題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。由第四段中的“However,rosyretrospectionoccasionallycreatesanunrealisticviewofthepast,whichcanleadpeopletomakedecisionsthatarenotbasedonrealitybutratherontheiridealizedmemories.It’soneofthereasonswhywemightrepeatedlyreturntounhealthyrelationships.(然而，玫瑰色回憶有時會使人產生一種對過去的不切實際的看法，這可能導致人們做出并非基于現(xiàn)實而是基于理想化記憶的決定。這也是我們可能會反復回到不健康關系的原因之一)”可知，玫瑰色回憶可能導致對過去關系的不切實際的看法。故選D項。【11題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Understandingandacknowledgingthiscognitivebiascanbecrucialformakingaccurateandbeneficialdecisions.(理解和承認這種認知偏見對于做出準確且有益的決策至關重要)”可知，作者建議有意識地認識這種認知偏見來減少玫瑰色回憶引發(fā)的風險。故選B項。DScientistshaveuncoveredcommunitiesofanimalslivinginvolcaniccavesbeneaththeseafloor,revealingapreviouslyunknownbutthrivingecosystem.Previousresearchhadfoundmicrobes(微生物)livingundergroundnearhydrothermalvents(熱液噴口),butthisisthefirstreporteddiscoveryoflargeranimalssuchastubewormsandsnailsintheundergroundhabitat.HydrothermalventsarecracksintheseafloorwherehotwaterfromtheEarth’scoremixeswithseawater.Muchoftheoceanfloorisconsiderednearlyuninhabitable,butaroundhydrothermalventsthere’sanexplosionoflife.Communitiesofshrimp,crabs,tubeworms,andhundredsofuniqueanimal:specieshavebeenpreviouslyfoundaround,butnotunderneath,thesevents.They’reknownas“extremophiles”,orlifethatcansurviveunderextremelyhightemperaturesandpressure.Thesespeciessurvivenotonthesun’senergy,whichfuelsthefoodwebelsewhereonEarth,butonnutrientsproducedwhenseawatermixeswithmagma(巖漿).Recentscientificresearchhasrevealedthattubewormsandseasnailscanbefoundnotonlyontopoftheseafloorbutalsounderneathrockysections.Thisdiscoveryhasthepotentialtosignificantlyadvanceourunderstandingofthesespecies’lifecycleandbehavior.Theresearchersthinktubewormsmightdispersethroughoutthecaves,withsomesettlingandgrowingincracksontheseafloorandothersstayinginthecavesandgrowingtoadulthoodthere—whichwouldmeantheseafloorandsmallcavesunderneathareaninterconnectedecosystem,wherecoldandwarmwaterflowsmixandpromotetubewormgrowth.Thehydrothermalventecosysteminthisareaisnotrestrictedtowhatweseeabovebutincludeslifeinthesubsurface.Deep-seamining,whichinvolvesextracting(獲取)mineralsfromthedeepseabed,isamajorthreattodeep-seaecosystemsandisopposedbyscientistsaonorganizations.“Wedon’tknowhowextensivethoseconnectedlittlecavesare,andwe’reunabletoassessthebiodiversitywithinthesubsurface.Sinceseafloorecosystemsarelikelyinterconnected.Largestretchesoftheseafloorneedtobeprotected,”saysRachelLauer,ageologistattheUniversityofCalgary.12.Whatdoweknowabout“extremophiles”?A.Theyhaveasimplelifecycle.B.Theysurviveonnutrientsfromseawater-magmamixtures.C.Theyliveonlyontopoftheseafloor. D.Theyarenewlyfoundaroundhydrothermalvents.13.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“disperse”inparagraph3?A.distribute B.adapt C.hide D.reproduce14.Whatdoesthediscoveryimplyforconservation?A.Isolatedecosystemsneedindividualprotection. B.Miningistheonlythreattodeep-sealife.C.Broadseafloorprotectionisessential. D.Subsurfacebiodiversityisfullymapped.15.Whichtitlebestsummarizesthetext?A.Tubeworms’LifeCycleRevealed B.HiddenSubsurfaceEcosystemDiscoveredC.ThreatstoDeep-SeaBiodiversity D.HydrothermalVentsandExtremophiles【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，講述了科學家在海底火山洞穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)未知的欣欣向榮的動物群落，介紹了熱液噴口的特點、周邊及地下生物情況，如熱液噴口是海底裂縫，周邊有眾多生物且這些生物靠海水與巖漿混合產生的營養(yǎng)生存，還闡述了新發(fā)現(xiàn)對物種生命周期和行為研究的意義以及對保護深海生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的啟示?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“They’reknownas“extremophiles”,orlifethatcansurviveunderextremelyhightemperaturesandpressure.Thesespeciessurvivenotonthesun’senergy,whichfuelsthefoodwebelsewhereonEarth,butonnutrientsproducedwhenseawatermixeswithmagma(巖漿).(它們被稱為“極端微生物”，即能夠在極高溫度和壓力下生存的生命體。這些物種并不依賴為地球上其他地方的食物網提供能量的太陽能生存，而是依靠海水與巖漿混合時產生的養(yǎng)分存活)”可知，極端微生物依靠海水和巖漿混合物產生的養(yǎng)分生存，故選B?！?3題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞后文“withsomesettlingandgrowingincracksontheseafloorandothersstayinginthecavesandgrowingtoadulthoodthere(一些在海底的裂縫中定居和成長，另一些則留在洞穴中并生長到成年)”可知，研究人員推測管蟲可能分散到整個洞穴，有的在海底裂縫中定居生長，有的留在洞穴中并生長到成年，所以“disperse”意為“分散、分布”，與“distribute”同義，故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中““Wedon’tknowhowextensivethoseconnectedlitSare,andwe’reunabletoassessthebiodiversitywithinthesubsurface.Sinceseafloorecosystemsarelikelyinterconnected.Largestretchesoftheseafloorneedtobeprotected,”saysRachelLauer,ageologistattheUniversityofCalgary.(“我們不知道這些連接的巖石有多廣泛，我們也無法評估地下的生物多樣性。因為海底生態(tài)系統(tǒng)可能是相互關聯(lián)的。大片的海底需要得到保護，”卡爾加里大學的地質學家雷切爾·勞爾說)”可知，由于海底生態(tài)系統(tǒng)相互關聯(lián)，需要大面積保護海底，由此推斷，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)暗示著廣泛的海底保護至關重要，故選C。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Scientistshaveuncoveredcommunitiesofanimalslivinginvolcaniccavesbeneaththeseafloor,revealingapreviouslyunknownbutthrivingecosystem.(科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了生活在海底火山洞穴中的動物群落，揭示了一個以前未知但蓬勃發(fā)展的生態(tài)系統(tǒng))”以及整篇文章主要圍繞科學家在海底火山洞穴中發(fā)現(xiàn)隱藏的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的這一主題展開，介紹了相關發(fā)現(xiàn)及意義，B選項“發(fā)現(xiàn)隱藏的地下生態(tài)系統(tǒng)”最符合文章標題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題：每小2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Nowadays,thiskindofsceneiscommoninalmosteveryhousehold:Uponreturninghomefromwork,wesinkintothesofa,devotinguninterruptedhourstotheengagementwithmobiledevices.Whatbeginsasawaytomentallyrelaxorcatchuponthenewsquicklybecomeshoursspent“doomscrolling(末日刷屏)”.____16____Manyfeeldriventokeepscrollingbythefearofmissingoutonupdates.Althoughscrollingthroughsocialmediamayseemlikeawaytostayupdated,studiesindicatethatthisbehaviorcanleadtoreducedpsychologicalhealthandloweroveralllifesatisfaction.However,effectivestrategiesexisttoaddressthisissue.Onemethodpeoplehavesuccessfullyreplacedtimeontheirphonesiswithahobbythatencouragesmindfulness,meaningfocusingourattentiononthepresentmomentandexperiencingourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutjudgment.____17____Theyholdpositiveattention.Whenwe’refocusedonacraft,ourhandsarebusy____18____Creativehobbiesthatrequireattention,suchascoloring,canalsoactasa“flowactivity”,wherewefeelfullyengagedinwhatwe’redoing,thuslosinghoursdoomscrolling.Theyprovideasenseofachievement.Doomscrollingcanleavepeoplefeelingalossofcontrol,butmindfulhobbiesprovideasenseofcontrolalongwithamazingresults,likeacolorfuldrawing.____19________20____Byengaginginanewhobby,wealsojoinacommunityofpeoplewithsimilarinterests.Thisopensusuptomorepositivesocialinteractions,therebygeneratingabettersenseofwell-being.A.Theyofferasenseofcommitment.B.Theypromoteinterpersonalcommunication.C.Consequently,we’llbetooengagedtoreachforourphones.D.Thisisespeciallytrueforactivitiesrequiringpatienceandskill.E.Itisanactofspendingalotoftimebrowsingnegativecontentonsocialmedia.F.Personalaccomplishmentscontributesignificantlytopsychologicalwell-being.G.Herearesomewaysmindfulhobbiescanhelpusbreakourdoomscrollinghabit.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.F20.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，分析了“末日刷屏”現(xiàn)象的危害，并提出通過培養(yǎng)正念愛好來克服這一習慣的策略，具體闡述了正念愛好在轉移注意力、提供成就感及促進社交方面的積極作用?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whatbeginsasawaytomentallyrelaxorcatchuponthenewsquicklybecomeshoursspent“doomscrolling(末日刷屏)”(最初作為放松或瀏覽新聞的方式，很快演變?yōu)閿?shù)小時的‘末日刷屏’)”以及下文“Manyfeeldriventokeepscrollingbythefearofmissingoutonupdates(許多人因害怕錯過更新而被迫不斷滾動)”可知上文說的是“末日刷屏”的由來，下文說的是許多人因害怕錯過更新而被迫不斷滾動，進一步描述其負面特征；E項“Itisanactofspendingalotoftimebrowsingnegativecontentonsocialmedia(這是一種花大量時間瀏覽社交媒體負面內容的行為)”承接上文，對“doomscrolling”這一術語進行定義解釋，符合語境。故選E項?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“However,effectivestrategiesexisttoaddressthisissue.Onemethodpeoplehavesuccessfullyreplacedtimeontheirphonesiswithahobbythatencouragesmindfulness,meaningfocusingourattentiononthepresentmomentandexperiencingourthoughtsandfeelingswithoutjudgment(然而，有有效的策略可以解決這一問題。人們成功替代玩手機時間的一種方法是培養(yǎng)一種鼓勵正念的愛好，即專注于當下時刻，無評判地體驗自己的思緒和感受)”以及下文“Theyholdpositiveattention(它們吸引積極的注意力)”、“Theyprovideasenseofachievement(它們提供一種成就感)”可知，本段提出應對“末日刷屏”的解決方案，下文分點闡述正念愛好的具體作用。G項“Herearesomewaysmindfulhobbiescanhelpusbreakourdoomscrollinghabit(以下是正念愛好幫助我們戒除‘末日刷屏’習慣的一些方式)”承上啟下，引出后文關于正念愛好如何在戒除‘末日刷屏’方面所起到作用的詳細闡述，邏輯緊密，故選G項?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Whenwe’refocusedonacraft,ourhandsarebusy(當我們專注于一項手藝時，雙手忙碌)”及下文“Creativehobbiesthatrequireattention,suchascoloring,canalsoactasa“flowactivity”,wherewefeelfullyengagedinwhatwe’redoing,thuslosinghoursdoomscrolling(需要集中注意力的創(chuàng)造性愛好，比如涂色，也可以作為一種“心流活動”，在這種活動中我們會感到完全沉浸于正在做的事情，從而忘記花費數(shù)小時無休止地瀏覽)”可知，上文說的是我們專注做事的時候，雙手會忙碌，下文舉例說明需要集中注意力的愛好會讓人全神貫注而不再碰手機；C項“Consequently,we’llbetooengagedtoreachforourphones(因此，我們會因全身心投入而無暇碰手機)”與上文構成因果關系，指出專注于一項手藝就會無暇碰手機，引出下文的舉例闡述，符合語境，故選C項?！?9題詳析】上文“Theyprovideasenseofachievement.Doomscrollingcanleavepeoplefeelingalossofcontrol,butmindfulhobbiesprovideasenseofcontrolalongwithamazingresults,likeacolorfuldrawing.(它們提供了一種成就感?！┤账⑵痢瘯屓烁杏X失去控制，但有意識的愛好會給人一種控制感，并帶來驚人的結果，比如一幅彩色的畫。)”，指出正念愛好能帶來成就感，F(xiàn)項“Personalaccomplishmentscontributesignificantlytopsychologicalwell-being(個人成就對心理健康有顯著貢獻)”承接上文指出成就感有助于心理健康，符合語境，故選F項?！?0題詳析】設空處為本段主旨句；根據(jù)下文“Byengaginginanewhobby,wealsojoinacommunityofpeoplewithsimilarinterests.Thisopensusuptomorepositivesocialinteractions,therebygeneratingabettersenseofwell-being(通過參與一項新愛好，我們還能加入一個有著相似興趣的群體。這為我們打開了更多積極社交互動的大門，從而產生更強的幸福感)”可知，本段主要闡述新的愛好能促進社交互動，從而產生更強的幸福感，B項“Theypromoteinterpersonalcommunication(它們促進人際交流)”能夠概括本段主旨，適合作為主題句，故選B項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題：每小題，i15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。WhenthefirsteraoftheTalibanwasoverin2001,I____21____thegynecologydepartmentwithinthemedicalcollegeofKabulUniversity.Backthen,Iwastheveryfirstandsolefemaleprofessor.Itwasapainstakingjourneythatspannednearlyadecadetobuildupthedepartmentfromscratch,hireprofessors,anddeveloptextbooks.Afghanistanhadoneofthehighestratesofmaternal(孕產婦的)____22____intheworld.Inresponse,Itriedeveryounceofmyefforttodesigna____23____curriculumfordoctorsandmidwives(助產士),aimingtosavethelivesofmothers.Duringmysparetime,I____24____myselftoteachingandpracticingmedicineatmyprivateclinic.Iwouldteachduringthedayandthenattendtopatientsfrom5to11p.m.TherewereevenoccasionswhenIhadtoperformoperationsaftermidnight.Theunwaveringsupportofmyhusbandandbothofourfamilies____25____thepathformetothriveasaprofessionalfemaledoctorinahighly____26____andmale-dominatedAfghansociety.____27____,theyear2021witnessedasharpturnofeventswhentheTalibanimposeda(n)____28____onwomen’seducation.RealizingthatIhadnochoicebuttoleaveAfghanistanto____29____mydaughtersandmymedicalstudents,weresolvedtofleetoCanada.UponarrivinginOttawaduringaharshwinter,weweregreetedwithaheartwarminggestureasimmigrationofficersprovideduswithcoats,whichstoodinsharpcontrasttothe____30____coldoutside.Theprocessofsettlingintoanewcountryand____31____ourlivesfromthegrounduphasbeenatoughandtryingexperience,whichhascostusagreatdeal.Merelyfourmonthsafterourmove,myhusbandplungedintoastateofextremedepressionandhadtobe____32____.Despiteallthesehardshipsandtrials,Iamdeterminednotto____33____.Iamnowpouringmyselfinto____34____studiesforCanada’smedicallicensingexams.Whatismyultimateobjective?Itistorevivemycareerandhonortheremarkable____35____ofAfghanwomenfortheirgreatcourageandstrengthinthefaceofdiversehardships.21.A.founded B.left C.designed D.decorated22.A.birth B.production C.death D.survival23.A.well-educated B.well-structured C.well-known D.well-established24.A.applied B.devoted C.reduced D.limited25.A.smoothed B.discovered C.complicated D.blocked26.A.abundant B.isolated C.advanced D.conservative27.A.Moreover B.Thus C.However D.Otherwise28.A.innovation B.principle C.approval D.ban29.A.meet B.safeguard C.revise D.aid30.A.freezing B.refreshing C.mild D.humid31.A.adjusting B.settling C.rebuilding D.sampling32.A.hospitalized B.diagnosed C.suspected D.operated33.A.givein B.moveon C.movein D.giveaway34.A.discouraging B.intense C.intentional D.random35.A.departure B.tolerance C.elegance D.adaptability【答案】21.A22.C23.B24.B25.A26.D27.C28.D29.B30.A31.C32.A33.A34.B35.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者在阿富汗的職業(yè)生涯以及因塔利班重新掌權后對女性教育的禁令而不得不逃離阿富汗，最終在加拿大重新開始生活的經歷?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2001年塔利班的第一個時代結束后，我在喀布爾大學醫(yī)學院創(chuàng)立了婦科。A.founded創(chuàng)立；B.left離開；C.designed設計；D.decorated裝飾。根據(jù)下文“thegynecologydepartmentwithinthemedicalcollegeofKabulUniversity”可知，作者創(chuàng)立了婦科。故選A?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：阿富汗是世界上產婦死亡率最高的國家之一。A.birth出生；B.production生產；C.death死亡；D.survival生存。根據(jù)下文“tosavethelivesofmothers”可知，阿富汗是世界上產婦死亡率最高的國家之一。故選C?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：作為回應，我竭盡全力為醫(yī)生和助產士設計了一套結構良好的課程，旨在挽救母親的生命。A.well-educated受過良好教育的；B.well-structured結構良好的；C.well-known有名的；D.well-established確立已久的。根據(jù)下文“aimingtosavethelivesofmothers”可知，作者設計了一套結構良好的課程。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在我的業(yè)余時間，我致力于教學和在我的私人診所行醫(yī)。A.applied應用；B.devoted獻身，致力；C.reduced減少；D.limited限制。根據(jù)下文“myselftoteachingandpracticingmedicineatmyprivateclinic”可知，作者致力于教學和在自己的私人診所行醫(yī)，devoteoneselftodoingsth.意為“致力于”。故選B。【25題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在阿富汗這個高度保守、男性主導的社會中，丈夫和雙方家庭堅定不移的支持為我作為一位職業(yè)女醫(yī)生的發(fā)展鋪平了道路。A.smoothed撫平，弄平滑；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.complicated使復雜化；D.blocked遮擋。根據(jù)下文“thepathformetothriveasaprofessionalfemaledoctor”可知，丈夫和雙方家庭的支持為作者的職業(yè)發(fā)展鋪平了道路，空格處是“撫平，弄平滑”。故選A?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我丈夫和我們兩個家庭的堅定支持，為我在一個高度保守、男性主導的阿富汗社會成為一名職業(yè)女醫(yī)生鋪平了道路。A.abundant富足的；B.isolated孤立的；C.advanced高級的；D.conservative保守的。根據(jù)下文“male-dominatedAfghansociety”和客觀事實可知，阿富汗是保守的國家。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，2021年發(fā)生了急劇的變化，塔利班禁止婦女接受教育。A.Moreover另外；B.Thus因此；C.However然而；D.Otherwise否則。根據(jù)下文“theyear2021witnessedasharpturnofevents”可知，此處用“然而”，表轉折。故選C?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，2021年發(fā)生了急劇的變化，塔利班禁止婦女接受教育。A.innovation創(chuàng)新；B.principle原則；C.approval批準；D.ban禁令。根據(jù)下文“onwomen’seducation”和實際情況可知，塔利班禁止婦女接受教育。故選D?！?9題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：意識到為了保護我的女兒們和我的醫(yī)學生們，我別無選擇，只能離開阿富汗，于是我們決定逃往加拿大。A.meet遇見；B.safeguard保護；C.revise修改；D.aid幫助。根據(jù)下文“mydaughtersandmymedicalstudents,weresolvedtofleetoCanada”可知，作者為了保護女兒們決定逃走。故選B?！?0題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個嚴寒的冬天抵達渥太華時，移民官員為我們提供了外套，這一暖心之舉與外面的冰天雪地形成了鮮明對比。A.freezing極冷的；B.refreshing使人精神振作的；C.mild溫和的；D.humid潮濕的。根據(jù)上文“aharshwinter”可知，那時候是冬天，所以外面很冷。故選A?！?1題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在一個新的國家安頓下來，從頭開始重建我們的生活，這是一段艱難而艱難的經歷，讓我們付出了巨大的代價。A.adjusting調整；B.settling解決；C.rebuilding重建；D.sampling采樣。根據(jù)上文“settlingintoanewcountry”可知，作者在新的國家安頓下來，要重建生活。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：就在我們搬家四個月后，我丈夫陷入了極度抑郁的狀態(tài)，不得不住院治療。A.hospitalized送入醫(yī)院療養(yǎng)（或治療）；B.diagnosed診斷；C.suspected懷疑；D.operated操作。根據(jù)上文“myhusbandplungedintoastateofextremedepression”可知，作者的丈夫有抑郁的問題，得住院治療。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：盡管有這些困難和考驗，我決心不屈服。A.givein屈服；B.moveon繼續(xù)；C.movein搬進；D.giveaway贈送。根據(jù)上文“Despiteallthesehardshipsandtrials,Iamdeterminednotto”可知，盡管有困難，作者還是不屈服。故選A?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我現(xiàn)在正全身心地投入到加拿大醫(yī)療執(zhí)照考試的緊張學習中。A.discouraging使人沮喪的；B.intense嚴肅緊張的；C.intentional故意的，蓄意的；D.random隨意的。根據(jù)下文“studiesforCanada’smedicallicensingexams”可知，作者投入到緊張的學習中。故選B。【35題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那就是重振我的職業(yè)生涯，并彰顯阿富汗女性在面對各種艱難困苦時所展現(xiàn)出的非凡適應能力、勇氣和力量。A.departure離開；B.tolerance容忍；C.elegance優(yōu)雅；D.adaptability適應性。根據(jù)下文“Afghanwomenfortheirgreatcourageandstrengthinthefaceofdiversehardships”可知，作者想要彰顯阿富汗女性在面對各種艱難困苦時所展現(xiàn)出的非凡適應能力。故選D。第二節(jié)(共10小題：每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。TheMummyof