高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1黑龍江省龍西北高中名校聯(lián)盟2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Howwillthewomangohome?A.Bycar. B.Onfoot. C.Bybus.【答案】A【原文】M:Willyoutaketheundergroundtogetherwithmeafterthefilm?W:No,actuallythereisnoundergroundstationaround!I’llaskmydadtopickmeupasthebusesstopearlyonSaturdaysandit’salongwaytowalkhome!2.Whendoesthemanusuallygetup?A.By5:00. B.At6:00. C.After6:30.【答案】B【原文】W:Harry,whattimedoyougetup?M:Inormallygetupat6o’clockbutsometimesIhavetobeupbyfive.W:Doyoupracticeweightliftinginthemorning?M:Yes.IusuallypracticeithalfanhourlaterafterIgetup.3.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shemissedtheinterview.B.Shedidnotliketheinterview.C.Theinterviewwentverywell.【答案】C【原文】M:Youhadajobinterviewyesterday?Howdiditgo?W:Yeah.Icouldnothavebeenmorepleased.4.WhydidthemanbuytheT-shirt?A.Ithasacoolpictureonit. B.Itispopularthisyear. C.Itscolorislovely.【答案】A【原文】W:WhydidyoubuythisT-shirt?Idon’tthinkthecolorlovely.Isitbackinstyleagainthisyear?M:Well,it’sgotthispictureonit.It’scool.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inalibrary. B.Inabookstore. C.Inaclassroom.【答案】A【原文】W:Excuseme.HowlongcanIkeepthebooks?M:Oh,youcankeepthemfortwoweeksatmost.Afterthatifyouwanttokeepthemlongeryouhavetorenewthebooks.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher. B.Aresearcher. C.Ahost.7.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Differentwaysofcommunication.B.Influenceoftechnologyoncommunication.C.Communicationproblemsyoungpeopleface.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】M:AndwithusontheprogramtodayisProfessorEllenSkye,auniversityteacher.ProfessorSkye,youbelievethattechnologyisreducingourabilitytocommunicatefacetoface.Isthatcorrect?W:Yes.Olderpeoplearemuchmoreusedtospeakingdirectlytoeachother.Ithinkthisisparticularlyaproblemthatyoungpeopleface.Technologyissomuchapartoftheirlives.Theystayinandplaycomputergamesorlistentomusicontheirphones.They’vegrownupwithmobilephonesandtextmessagesandsocialnetworkingsites.M:Butwhataboutpeopleintheirthirties?They’reusedtoboth…聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.Whydoesthewomansuggestthemantrytheguitar?A.Itisfuntoplay. B.Itischeaptobuy. C.Itiseasytolearn.9.Whatdoesthemandecidetolearntoplay?A.Theviolin. B.Theguitar. C.Thepiano.【答案】8.B9.C【原文】W:Areyousureyouwanttolearntoplayanotherinstrument?M:Sure.Themoreinstrumentsyoucanplay,theeasieritistolearnanother.Ilovethesoundoftheviolinandenjoyplayingiteveryday,butI’dreallyliketotrythepianonow.W:They’resoexpensivetobuythough!Whataboutlearningtoplaytheguitar?Youloverock,andIknowsomeonewhohasaguitarforsale.M:Thatmightbefun.Perhapslater.ButI’vealreadymademydecision.Thanks.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Teacherandstudent. B.Schoolmates. C.Colleagues.11.Wherearethespeakers?A.InLondon. B.InCalifornia. C.InWarsaw.12.Whatdoweknowabouttheman?A.Helivesinahotel.B.He’llhelpthewomanwithherEnglish.C.HetakesacourseinEuropeanhistory.【答案】10.B11.A12.C【原文】M:Hi,areyouanewstudent?W:Yes,I’mdoingtheEnglishlanguagecourse.Andyou?Whichcourseareyoudoing?M:Europeanhistory.I’mZack.Bytheway,what’syourname?W:Monica,I’mfromPoland.Nicetomeetyou.M:Yeah,metoo.SowhichpartofPolandareyoufrom?W:I’mfromthesouth,Krakow.Andwhereareyoufrom?M:I’mfromCalifornia,butmygrandfather’sPolish,mymom’sdad.He’sfromWarsaworiginally.W:Wow!AndareyouenjoyingLondon?M:Yeah,London’scool!I’mstayingwithsomefriendsofmymom’sandthey’rereallynice,too.Howaboutyou?Whereareyoustaying?W:Oh,I’minastudenthotel—it’sreallygood.Therearestudentsfromallovertheworld,soI’mmeetinglotsofinterestingpeople.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。13.Whatdoesthemanwanttorentout?A.Abedroom. B.Thewholehouse.C.Abedroomandalivingroom.14.Howmuchrentdoesthemanaskforpermonth?A.$800. B.$1,200. C.$1,380.15.Whatcanthemanseeoutofhishouse?A.Agarden. B.Aforest. C.Alake.16.Whatwillthewomandowiththehouse?A.Visitit. B.Rentit. C.Advertiseit.【答案】13.A14.A15.C16.C【原文】W:Hi.BellinghamHouseAgents.WhatcanIdoforyou?M:Hi.IwanttofindahousemateandIhopeyoucouldadvertiseitforme.W:Sure.Noproblem.IsithereinVancouver?M:No,it’sjustoutsideinRichmond.W:OK.Andwhichroomdoyouwanttorentout?M:Justthemasterbedroomplustheuseoftherestofthehouse—thelivingroomandthekitchen.Themasterbedroomitselfhasabathroom.W:OK.Canyoujusttellmetheaddress,please?M:Yeahsure,it’s1380No.1Road,Richmond.W:Andhowmuchareyouthinkingoffortheroom?M:Doyouthink$800permonthwouldbeanacceptableprice?W:Ithinkthat’sOK.You’dgetatleast$1,200ifyouwereinVancouver.Well,isitnice?Imeanit’sgotaviewandthings?M:Sure,itlooksoutoverabiglakeandsometrees.Nogarden,butthere’salottolookatfromthesouth-facingwindows.W:OK.That’sall.I’llposttheinformationonthewebsiteofourcompany.M:Thanks.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.Whatisthethemeofthefair?A.Self-study. B.Studyingabroad. C.Jobopportunities.18.Whatcanpeopledoatthefair?A.Getfreetextbooks. B.Listentosomespeeches. C.Seethelatestcomputers.19.Howmuchwillafull-timestudentpayfortheticket?A.￡5. B.￡3. C.￡2.50.20.Whatshouldpeoplebookinadvance?A.Stands. B.Tickets. C.Parkingspace.【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.C【原文】M:IfyouarestudyingEnglish,theLanguageStudyFairthat’sbeingheldthismonthwillcertainlyinterestyou.Theshowtakesplacebetweenthe17thand19thofMarchattheNationalEducationCenter.Itaimstoanswerallyourquestionsaboutself-studywhateveryourlevel.TheLanguageStudyFairprovidesaperfectopportunityforyoutosee,compareandgetadviceoneverythingthathelpsyouimprovethewayyoustudy.Over350leadingproducersofeducationalmaterialswillbepresent.We’vegotlotsofdifferentthingsforyoutoseeandhear.Therewillbestandsshowingdifferenttypesofself-studytextbooksandtalksbyeducationalspeakersonthebestwaystostudybyyourself.You’llbeabletoseethelatestfurnitureavailableforpeoplewhostudyathome.We’resureyou’llalsoenjoywatchingpeopleusingthelatestcomputerprograms,whichcanmakestudyingEnglishmucheasier.Thisisyourchancetomakegooddecisionsaboutwhatyoubuy.Youcanattendthefairbetween9:30and5:00onThursdayandFriday,andfrom9:30to4:00onSaturday.Ticketscost￡5each,or￡3ifyouareafull-timestudent.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youcancall984-7711.ParkingcanbereallydifficultaroundtheNationalEducationCenter.However,anall-dayspacecanbebookedforonly￡2.50pervehicle.So,welookforwardtoseeingyouthere!第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHikingTrailsAroundtheWorldForadventurelovers,hikingoffersauniquewaytoexplorenature.Herearefourworld-famoustrailsfordifferentskilllevels:IncaTrail(Peru)Stretching43kmthroughtheAndesMountains,this4-daytrekleadstotheancientcityofMachuPicchu.Suitableforexperiencedhikersduetohighaltitudes(upto4,200m),itcombineshistoryandbreathtakingviews.Permitsarerequiredandlimitedto500peopledaily.Duetoitspopularity,permitsmustbebookedatleast6monthsinadvancethroughofficialchannels.AppalachianTrail(USA)Covering3,500kmacross14states,thistrailisoneofthelongestmarkedpathsglobally.Whilechallengingforthru-hikersattemptingthefull5-7monthjourney,beginnerscanenjoyshortersections.Springandautumnareidealseasonstoavoidextremeweather.Volunteer-maintainedsheltersalongtherouteprovidebasicaccommodationforlong-distancehikers.TigerLeapingGorge(China)This22kmtrailinYunnanProvincewindsthroughoneofAsia’sdeepestgorgesalongtheJinshaRiver.Completedin2days,itoffersdramaticcliffsandviewsofsnow-cappedmountains.Whilethepathhassteepsectionsrequiringenoughfitness,itremainspopularwithbothChineseandinternationalhikers.Thehighlight‘28Bends’sectionrewardshikerswithbreathtakingviewsbutrequires3hoursofcontinuousascent.LocalguesthousesalongtherouteprovideculturalimmersionintoNaximinoritytraditions.TourduMontBlanc(Europe)CirclingWesternEurope’shighestpeak,this170kmtrailcrossesFrance,Italy,andSwitzerlandin10-12days.Thoughphysicallydemandingduetoaltitudechanges,itsclearsignageandmountainhutsmakeitaccessibletointermediatehikers.Hikersshouldcarrymultiplecurrenciesasmountainhutfeesvarybetween€15-50pernightindifferentcountries.21.WhatisakeyconsiderationforhikersplanningtocompletetheAppalachianTrail?A.Applyingforinternationalpermits.B.Preparingforextremetemperaturechanges.C.Bookingmountainhutsinadvance.D.Learninglocalreligiouscustoms.22.WhatdoIncaTrailandTourduMontBlanchaveincommon?A.Theyrequirespecialpermits.B.Theyinvolvecrossingmultiplecountries.C.Theyaresuitableforfamilytrips.D.Theyhavehigh-altitudechallenges.23.Whichtrailwouldbestsuitahikerinterestedincombiningphysicalchallengewithculturalexperiences?A.IncaTrail. B.AppalachianTrail.C.TigerLeapingGorge. D.TourduMontBlanc.【答案】21.B22.D23.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了全球四條適合不同技能水平徒步者的著名步道?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AppalachianTrail(USA)部分中“Springandautumnareidealseasonstoavoidextremeweather.(春季和秋季是避開極端天氣的理想季節(jié))”可知，徒步者計(jì)劃完成阿巴拉契亞步道時(shí)要考慮準(zhǔn)備應(yīng)對(duì)極端溫度變化。故選B?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IncaTrail(Peru)部分中“Suitableforexperiencedhikersduetohighaltitudes(upto4,200m),itcombineshistoryandbreathtakingviews.(由于海拔較高（高達(dá)4200米），這條路線適合有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的徒步旅行者，它將歷史和令人驚嘆的景色結(jié)合在一起。)”以及TourduMontBlanc(Europe)部分中“CirclingWesternEurope’shighestpeak,this170kmtrailcrossesFrance,Italy,andSwitzerlandin10-12days.Thoughphysicallydemandingduetoaltitudechanges,itsclearsignageandmountainhutsmakeitaccessibletointermediatehikers.(這條170公里的路線環(huán)繞著西歐最高峰，在10到12天內(nèi)穿越法國(guó)、意大利和瑞士。雖然由于海拔變化對(duì)體力要求很高，但它清晰的路標(biāo)和山間小屋使中級(jí)徒步旅行者也可以到達(dá)。)”可知，印加古道和環(huán)勃朗峰徒步路線的共同之處在于它們都有高海拔帶來的挑戰(zhàn)。故選D?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TigerLeapingGorge(China)部分中“Whilethepathhassteepsectionsrequiringenoughfitness,itremainspopularwithbothChineseandinternationalhikers.Thehighlight‘28Bends’sectionrewardshikerswithbreathtakingviewsbutrequires3hoursofcontinuousascent.LocalguesthousesalongtherouteprovideculturalimmersionintoNaximinoritytraditions.(雖然這條路線有一些陡峭的路段，需要徒步者具備足夠的體能，但它仍然深受中國(guó)和外國(guó)徒步旅行者的喜愛。其中最精彩的“二十八道拐”路段會(huì)讓徒步者欣賞到令人嘆為觀止的美景，但需要持續(xù)攀登三個(gè)小時(shí)。沿途的當(dāng)?shù)孛袼弈茏屓藗兩钊塍w驗(yàn)納西族的傳統(tǒng)習(xí)俗。)”可知，TigerLeapingGorge這條步道最適合想要將體力挑戰(zhàn)與文化體驗(yàn)相結(jié)合的徒步者。故選C。BDr.SarahtightlyheldthestrapofhermedicalbagasthejeepbouncedalongthecrackedroadinnorthernZambia.Thedry-seasonwindcarriedreddustthatcoveredeverything—hernotes,thetemporaryclinic’swindows,eventhebandages.For18months,she’dservedherewithDoctorsWithoutBorders,yetthesightofchildrenliningupbarefootatdawnstillpiercedherheart.Lastmonth,tribalconflictsbrokeoutneartheclinic.Sarahwassewingupafarmer’sknifewoundwhenshoutingeruptedoutside.Shepushedtwonursesintothestorageroomjustasastonesmashedthroughthewindow.Glasspiecescutherforearm,butshekeptpressureonthefarmer’sbleedingarteryuntilthechaosbecamecalm.Thatevening,shetextedherparents:“Don’tworry—scratchesfade.Hopedoesn’t.”Thecruelestmomentscamequietly.Twoweeksago,ateenagemotherhadwalked12milescarryingafeverishbaby.Sarahdiagnosedcerebralmalaria,butthemedicineshadrunout.Sheheldthetinybodyasiflifeslippedaway,tearsmixingwiththemother’ssilentsorrow.Yet,whenaformerpatient—aboyshe’dtreatedforsnakebite—broughtheracarvedwoodenbird,Sarahwhispered,“ThisiswhyIstay.”Rainyseasontransformedchallenges.Floodsblockedsupplytrucks,forcingSarahtorationpainkillers.Shecaughttyphoidherself,vomitingbetweenpatientvisits.Onemidnight,villagerscarriedinagirlwithabrokenlegfromafallentree.Paleandshaking,Sarahsetthebonebyflashlight.“Mypainisn’timportant,”shetoldherassistant,watchingraindropstracepathsonthegirl’srelievedface.Now,asSarahsterilized(消毒)toolsinboilingwater,shenoticedadesertrosebloomingbytheclinic’srubblewall.Itspinkpetalsmirroredthesunrise—afragileyetpersistentbeauty,muchlikethelivesshefoughttoprotect.24.HowlonghadDr.SarahworkedinZambiawhenthetribalclasheshappened?A.1year B.1.5years C.2years D.3years25.WhatcausedSarah’sinjuryduringthetribalclashes?A.Directhitbyathrownstone B.FlyingglassfrombrokenwindowsC.Gunfirewhileseekingshelter D.Collapseofthestorageroom26.WhydidSarahcontinueworkingwhilesickwithtyphoid?A.Shewantedtoavoidcriticism. B.Medicalresourceswerelimited.C.Shegaveprioritytopatients’needs. D.Noassistantscouldreplaceher.27.WhatdoesthedesertrosesymbolizeaboutSarah’swork?A.Temporaryachievements B.DangerousenvironmentC.Consistenthopeamidhardships D.Connectionwithnature【答案】24.B25.B26.C27.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Dr.Sarah在贊比亞北部偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)行醫(yī)18個(gè)月期間經(jīng)歷的艱難與堅(jiān)守。【24題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“For18months,she’dservedherewithDoctorsWithoutBorders,yetthesightofchildrenliningupbarefootatdawnstillpiercedherheart.(18個(gè)月來，她一直在無國(guó)界醫(yī)生組織（這里）服務(wù)，然而，每天黎明時(shí)分看到孩子們赤著腳排隊(duì)的景象，仍會(huì)刺痛她的心。)”和第二段“Lastmonth,tribalconflictsbrokeoutneartheclinic.(上個(gè)月，診所附近爆發(fā)了部落沖突)”可知，部落沖突發(fā)生時(shí)Dr.Sarah在贊比亞工作了一年半。故選B?！?5題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Shepushedtwonursesintothestorageroomjustasastonesmashedthroughthewindow.Glasspiecescutherforearm,butshekeptpressureonthefarmer’sbleedingarteryuntilthechaosbecamecalm.(她趕緊把兩名護(hù)士推進(jìn)了儲(chǔ)物間，就在這時(shí)，一塊石頭砸破了窗戶。玻璃碎片劃傷了她的前臂，但她一直按壓著農(nóng)民正在流血的動(dòng)脈，直到騷亂平息下來)”可知，是窗戶破碎后飛濺的玻璃導(dǎo)致Sarah受傷。故選B。【26題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Rainyseasontransformedchallenges.Floodsblockedsupplytrucks,forcingSarahtorationpainkillers.Shecaughttyphoidherself,vomitingbetweenpatientvisits.Onemidnight,villagerscarriedinagirlwithabrokenlegfromafallentree.Paleandshaking,Sarahsetthebonebyflashlight.“Mypainisn’timportant,”shetoldherassistant,watchingraindropstracepathsonthegirl’srelievedface.(雨季帶來了新的挑戰(zhàn)。洪水阻斷了補(bǔ)給卡車的通行，迫使莎拉定量分配止痛藥。她自己感染了傷寒，在看診病人的間隙嘔吐。一天午夜，村民們抬進(jìn)來一個(gè)被倒下的樹砸斷腿的女孩。莎拉臉色蒼白，渾身顫抖，用手電筒照明為女孩接好了骨頭?？粗甑雾樦捨康哪橗嫽?，她對(duì)助手說：“我的痛苦不重要?！?”可知，莎拉在感染傷寒生病的情況下還繼續(xù)工作是因?yàn)樗巡∪说男枨蠓旁谑孜?，認(rèn)為自己的痛苦不重要，更關(guān)心病人的安危。故選C。【27題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Itspinkpetalsmirroredthesunrise—afragileyetpersistentbeauty,muchlikethelivesshefoughttoprotect.(它粉紅色的花瓣映照著日出——一種脆弱卻又持久的美，就像她拼命保護(hù)的生命一樣)”可知，沙漠玫瑰象征著Sarah在困境中始終堅(jiān)守的希望。故選C。CTheincreaseofaproteincalledalpha-syncleininthebrainhaslongbeenconsideredthefundamentalcauseofParkinson’s(帕金森病).Thisleadstothereducedproductionofdopamine(多巴胺),whichhelpscontrolmusclemovement.Whilesomeexistingtreatmentsaimtoeasethesesymptomsbyimprovingdopaminelevelsinthebrain,theirlong-termeffectsarelimited.Sofar,therearenoapprovedtreatmentsthatcanendorslowtheprogressionofParkinson’s.Inanefforttocombatthis,GennaroPaganoandhiscolleaguesatRoche,aSwisspharmaceuticalcompany,developedanewdrugcalledprasinezumabtofightagainstthebuild-upofproteinsinParkinson’sdisease.Theytestedthedrugon316peoplewithearly-stageParkinson’sdisease.Amongtheparticipants,105receivedaplacebo,while211receivedtheactualdrugateitheraloworhighdose(劑量).Atfirst,theresultssuggestedthatthedrughadnomeaningfulimpact,buttheteamlaterrealizeditmightbeeffectiveamongthosewithmoresevereParkinson’s.Additionalanalysisshowedthatlowandhighdosesofthedrughadagreatereffectamongthesevereparticipantsthanseenintheinitialwork.Comparedwithtakingaplacebo,itsignificantlyreducedtherateatwhichparticipants’physicalsymptomsworsenedovertheyear-longperiod.GennaroPagano,theleadresearcher,explainsthatthiscouldbebecausepeoplewithmorerapidlyprogressingParkinson’stendtohavehigherlevelsofalpha-synucleinintheirbrainsand,therefore,maybenefitmorefromadrugthatpotentiallyclearstheprotein.However,VinataVedam-MaiattheUniversityofFloridaHealthsaysonelimitationoftheresearchisthatitdoesn’tassesswhetheralpha-synucleinisbeingclearedfromthebrain.Shewouldalsoliketoseelonger-termdatatobetterdeterminethedrug’ssafetyandeffectiveness.However,thelatesttrialdidnotreportanyseriousnegativeevents.28.Whatisprasinezumabintendedfor?A.Improvingdopaminelevelsinthebrain.B.ControllingtheprogressionofParkinson’s.C.Increasingthebuild-upofproteinsinthebrain.D.SlowingtheagingofParkinson’ssuffers’muscles.29.Whatdidtheinitialoutcomeofthetestshowaboutthedrug?A.Ithadnosignificanteffects.B.Itwasharmfultopatients’health.C.Itrequiredhigherdosestobeeffective.D.Itsucceededintreatingearly-stageParkinson’s.30.Whomaybenefitmostfromthenewdrugaccordingtothestudy?A.PatientswhohadsevereParkinson’s.B.Patientswhotookaplacebointhetest.C.Patientswhoreceivedhigherdosesofdrugs.D.Patientswhohadloweralpha-synucleinlevelsinthebrain.31.WhatdoesVedam-Maithinkofthenewresearch?A.Itfailstoachievetheexpectedoutcome.B.Itprovesthesafetyandeffectivenessofthedrug.C.ItwasamajorbreakthroughintreatingParkinson’s.D.Itrequiresadditionalstatisticstoevaluatethedrug.【答案】28.B29.A30.A31.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種名為prasinezumab的治療帕金森病的新藥?！?8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Sofar,therearenoapprovedtreatmentsthatcanendorslowtheprogressionofParkinson’s.(到目前為止，還沒有被批準(zhǔn)的可以終止或減緩帕金森病進(jìn)展的治療方法)”以及第二段“Inanefforttocombatthis,GennaroPaganoandhiscolleaguesatRoche,aSwisspharmaceuticalcompany,developedanewdrugcalledprasinezumabtofightagainstthebuild-upofproteinsinParkinson’sdisease.(為了應(yīng)對(duì)這一情況，瑞士制藥公司羅氏的GennaroPagano和他的同事開發(fā)了一種名為prasinezumab的新藥，以對(duì)抗帕金森病中蛋白質(zhì)的積累)”可知，開發(fā)prasinezumab的目的是控制帕金森病的進(jìn)展。故選B。【29題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Atfirst,theresultssuggestedthatthedrughadnomeaningfulimpact,buttheteamlaterrealizeditmightbeeffectiveamongthosewithmoresevereParkinson’s.(起初，結(jié)果表明這種藥物沒有顯著影響，但研究小組后來意識(shí)到它可能對(duì)那些病情更嚴(yán)重的帕金森病患者有效)”可知，測(cè)試的最初結(jié)果顯示這種藥物沒有顯著效果。故選A?！?0題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Additionalanalysisshowedthatlowandhighdosesofthedrughadagreatereffectamongthesevereparticipantsthanseenintheinitialwork.(進(jìn)一步的分析表明，低劑量和高劑量的藥物對(duì)病情嚴(yán)重的參與者的效果比最初的研究結(jié)果更明顯)”可知，病情嚴(yán)重的帕金森病患者可能從這種新藥中獲益最多。故選A?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“However,VinataVedam-MaiattheUniversityofFloridaHealthsaysonelimitationoftheresearchisthatitdoesn’tassesswhetheralpha-synucleinisbeingclearedfromthebrain.Shewouldalsoliketoseelonger-termdatatobetterdeterminethedrug’ssafetyandeffectiveness.However,thelatesttrialdidnotreportanyseriousnegativeevents.(然而，佛羅里達(dá)大學(xué)健康中心的VinataVedam-Mai表示，這項(xiàng)研究的一個(gè)局限性是，它沒有評(píng)估α-突觸核蛋白是否正在從大腦中清除。她還希望看到更長(zhǎng)期的數(shù)據(jù)，以便更好地確定這種藥物的安全性和有效性。不過，最新的試驗(yàn)沒有報(bào)告任何嚴(yán)重的負(fù)面事件)”可知，Vedam-Mai認(rèn)為這項(xiàng)新研究需要更多的數(shù)據(jù)來評(píng)估這種藥物。故選D。DAlotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸鈉)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.AteamofChinesescientistsaimedtodealwiththisenvironmentalconcernbydevelopinganeco-consciousalternative.InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.Inatest,glassbeads(玻璃珠)madeoutofaminoacidswereplacedundertheskinofmice,andthebreakdownofthebeadandtheskinhealingprocesswereobservedfor30days.Adiagramfromthestudyshowshowthemice’sbodiesbrokedownthebeads.Inthatmonth,theglassimplantdegradedbeneaththeskin,thewoundsitehealed,andfurgrewback.“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss,”theresearcherswroteintheirpaper.Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.Inordertoovercomethishurdle,theresearcherschemicallymodifiedtheaminoacidsusingtheheating-coolingprocedureappliedinglassmanufacturing.Thisiswhenmaterialsfortheglassareheatedtobecomesoftandthenrapidlycooledsoastomaketheglasstougher.“It’simportanttopointoutthatthisbiodegradableglassiscurrentlyinthelabstage,andfarfromlarge-scalecommercialization,”emphasizedYanXuehai,aprofessorinvolvedinthestudy,inapressrelease.32.Whatisanadvantageofthenewglass?A.Ittakeslesstimetobreakdown.B.Itcanberecycledatalowcost.C.Itisproducedwithoutpollution.D.Ithasawiderangeofapplications.33.Whydidresearchersimplantglassbeadsinsidemice?A.Toassesswhethertheglassisbiologicallyharmless.B.Toinvestigatewhyaminoacidsaremedicallyuseful.C.Toexplorehowlongittakesfortheglasstodegrade.D.Toobserveiftheglasscanbemeltdowninmice’sstomach.34.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hurdle”inparagraph4referto?A.Thechallengeofimprovingtheheating-coolingprocedure.B.Environmentalproblemscausedbytraditionalglass.C.Thedifficultyofselectingmaterialsfortheglass.D.Theinstabilityofaminoacids.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AminoAcidsMakeGlassTougherB.AminoAcidsCastNewLightonScienceC.BiodegradableGlass:ClosertoSustainabilityD.BiodegradableGlass:ReadytoHittheMarket【答案】32.A33.A34.D35.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國(guó)科學(xué)院的專家團(tuán)隊(duì)利用氨基酸研制出一種可降解的環(huán)保玻璃。【32題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Alotofmanufacturedglasstodaymadefromsandandsodiumcarbonate(碳酸鈉)canbereusedormelteddownandrecycledintonewitems,butitdoesn’tbreakdownintheenvironmentandwillsitinlandfillsforthousandsofyears.”（今天，許多由沙子和碳酸鈉制成的人造玻璃可以重復(fù)使用或熔化，再循環(huán)制成新物品，但它不會(huì)在環(huán)境中分解，將在垃圾填埋場(chǎng)中放置數(shù)千年。）和第二段中“Thatglasswouldhaveasmallerimpactontheenvironmentandcanbreakdowninafewweeksorinseveralmonths.”（這種玻璃對(duì)環(huán)境的影響較小，可以在幾周或幾個(gè)月內(nèi)分解。）可知，新型玻璃的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它需要更少的時(shí)間來分解。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Throughouttheexperimentalperiod,nomiceexhibitedanypain-relatedbehaviorthatmayhavebeencausedbytheglassimplantation,andnoneofthemexperiencedobviousweightloss.”（在整個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)期間，沒有老鼠表現(xiàn)出可能由玻璃植入引起的任何與疼痛相關(guān)的行為，也沒有老鼠出現(xiàn)明顯的體重減輕。）可知，研究人員要在老鼠體內(nèi)植入玻璃珠是為了評(píng)估玻璃在生物學(xué)上是否無害。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段，尤其是該劃線單詞的前一句“Althoughaminoacidsdodegradeovertimeintheenvironment,thisbiodegradableglassisnotasdurableastraditionalglass,becauseaminoacidscanbreakdownquicklyinheat.”（雖然氨基酸在環(huán)境中會(huì)隨著時(shí)間的推移而降解，但這種可生物降解的玻璃不如傳統(tǒng)玻璃耐用，因?yàn)榘被嵩诩訜嵯聲?huì)迅速分解。）可知，這種氨基酸玻璃確實(shí)可以隨著時(shí)間的推移而降解，但是它卻不如傳統(tǒng)的玻璃那樣經(jīng)久耐用，因?yàn)榘被嵩诩訜嵯聲?huì)迅速分解。由此可推知，下文中的“hurdle”指的是氨基酸的不穩(wěn)定性。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章大意以及第二段中“InastudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,ateamattheChineseAcademyofSciences’InstituteofProcessEngineeringdescribehowtheyengineeredbiodegradableglassmadefromaminoacids(氨基酸).”（在最近發(fā)表在《科學(xué)進(jìn)展》雜志上的一項(xiàng)研究中，中國(guó)科學(xué)院過程工程研究所的一個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)描述了他們是如何設(shè)計(jì)出由氨基酸制成的可生物降解玻璃的。）可知，文章主要講的是中國(guó)科學(xué)院的專家團(tuán)隊(duì)利用氨基酸研制出一種可降解的環(huán)保玻璃。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“可生物降解玻璃：更接近可持續(xù)性”。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Thissummer,climatechangecontinuestopushEarth’sweathertoextremes.____36____Weinvitesomeexpertstodiscussthesciencebehindexercisingintheheat,howtokeepyourbodysafe,andwhattodoifyoususpectyouorsomeoneyou’rewithhasheatexhaustion.____37____Ifyouhadaheavymeallikeacheeseburger,you’llwanttowaittwotothreehoursbeforeyourhotoutdoorexercise,sincethatfatandprotein-richmealwilltakeevenlongertomovethroughthedigestiveprocess.Shouldyoueatafterthathotrun?No.Youcanhydraterightaway,butwaituntilyou’vecooledofftoeat.That’sbecausedigestingfoodwilldelaygettingyourbodybacktoitsusualtemperature.Protectyourskin—it’sthebody’scoolingsystem.Yourskinandrelatedtissuesareincrediblydesignedtomovewarmbloodawayfromyourcoretokeepyourvitalorganscool.Anydamagetoyourskinortheunderlyingtissuepreventsyourbodyfrombeingabletoairconditionitself.Toprotectyourskin,startwithsunscreen.____38____.Wearmaterialsthatwillhelpyourbodybreathe.____39____Wearsweat-wickingathleticclothingthatallowsyourskintocool.Avoidmaterialslikecottonthatbasicallykeeptheheatclosetoyourbody.Hydratebefore,duringandafterexercise.Dehydrationcanreallyhappentoyou.____40____Besides,keepdrinkingwhileyou’reworkingout.A.Don’teatrightbeforeyouheadout.B.Trymoreheat-friendlyformsofexercise.C.Thetypeofsuitableclothingyouwearcanalsohelpyoustaycool.D.Buthighoutsidetemperaturesinadryclimatecanalsobedangerous.E.IsadaytimerunorbikerideinhotsummerweatherOKforourbodies?F.Andconsiderwearingsun-protectiveclothingthatblocksthesun,andincludeahat.G.Makesureyouaredrinkingwateratleastanhourbeforeyouheadouttoexercise.【答案】36.E37.A38.F39.C40.G【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一些高溫天氣下在戶外鍛煉的建議。【36題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Thissummer,climatechangecontinuestopushEarth’sweathertoextremes.(今年夏天，氣候變化繼續(xù)將地球的天氣推向極端)”以及后文“Weinvitesomeexpertstodiscussthesciencebehindexercisingintheheat,howtokeepyourbodysafe,andwhattodoifyoususpectyouorsomeoneyou’rewithhasheatexhaustion.(我們邀請(qǐng)了一些專家來討論在高溫下運(yùn)動(dòng)背后的科學(xué)，如何保證你的身體安全，以及如果你懷疑你或你的伴侶患有中暑該怎么做)”可知，本句主要過渡句，引出炎熱天氣是否適合運(yùn)動(dòng)的疑問。故E選項(xiàng)“在炎熱的夏天白天跑步或騎自行車對(duì)我