高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省臨沂市河?xùn)|區(qū)、費(fèi)縣2024-2025學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheGreatBasinStarTrainAdventureTripDuration:3.5hoursBestSeason:Summer(idealforclearMilkyWayviewsandcomfortableweather)TheGreatBasinStarTraindepartsfromtheNevadaNorthernRailwayMuseum,ahistoricsitebuiltin1905forcoppermining.Startingat7:15p.m.,passengersrideinarestored1920strainpoweredbyanold-fashionedengine.ThejourneypassesthroughSteptoeValley,offeringbreathtakingsunsetscenes.Afterdark,expertsfromGreatBasinNationalParkguidestargazingactivities.ThetrainstopsatStarFlat,wherepassengerscanusetelescopestoobservespacewonderslikeSaturn’srings,stargroups,andeventheInternationalSpaceStation.Eachpassengergetsampletimetoviewthroughthetelescopes.ImportantNote:*TrainsrunFridaysfromMaytoSeptember.*Ticketsoftenselloutayearahead.*Museummembers($30fee)canbuyticketsearlier(August1).*PublicsalesbeginSeptember1andmayselloutimmediately.TravelTips:*Takeafreemuseumtourbeforeboarding.*UseyourStarTrainticketfor50%offdaytimeridesonhistoricsteamtrains(4:30p.m.daily).1.WhatisthepropertimetoviewtheMilkyWayonthistrip?A.Spring. B.Summer. C.Autumn. D.Winter.2.WhatcanpassengersdoatStarFlat?A.Takephotosofthesunset. B.Ridesteam-poweredtrains.C.Observespacethroughtelescopes. D.Learnaboutcoppermininghistory.3.WhatissuggestedtodobeforetakingtheStarTrain?A.Joinafreemuseumtour. B.Rideadaytimesteamtrain.C.Attendaphotographyclass. D.ExploreStarFlat’stelescopes.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了美國內(nèi)華達(dá)州的大盆地觀星火車之旅，包括時(shí)長、最佳季節(jié)、活動行程、重要提示、旅行建議等信息?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“BestSeason:Summer(idealforclearMilkyWayviewsandcomfortableweather)(最佳季節(jié)：夏季，適合觀賞清晰的銀河景致且氣候宜人)”可知，夏季是觀賞銀河的最佳時(shí)間。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“ThetrainstopsatStarFlat,wherepassengerscanusetelescopestoobservespacewonderslikeSaturn’srings,stargroups,andeventheInternationalSpaceStation.(火車將在星光平原地帶?？浚丝蛡兛稍诖耸褂猛h(yuǎn)鏡觀測太空奇觀，包括土星環(huán)、星團(tuán)，甚至國際空間站)”可知，乘客在這里可以通過望遠(yuǎn)鏡觀測太空。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TravelTips部分第一條“Takeafreemuseumtourbeforeboarding.(登車前免費(fèi)參觀博物館)”可知，乘客被建議在登車前免費(fèi)參觀博物館。故選A項(xiàng)。BToullaHadjigeorgioudreamedofbecominganartistsincechildhood,thoughmanydismisseditas“notaproperjob.”Herloveforpaintingbeganearly.Atfive,classmateswouldaskhertodrawduringbreaks.Shestillremembersthejoyofmixingpowderedpaintwithwaterandusingcheappaperfromfish-and-chipshopsasherfirst“canvas.”Aturningpointcameat12whenherparentsgaveheranoilpaintingset—agiftthatshapedherartisticpath.Remarkably,shestillusesthepaletteknifefromthatsettoday.Overtheyears,Toullaexperimentedwithdifferentmaterials.Shestartedwithoilpaints,valuingtheirflexibility:“Mistakescanbecoveredeasily,lettingmeaddlayersofcolor.”Later,sheexploredwatercolorsbutbroketraditionalrulesbylayeringthemboldlytocreatebright,strikingeffects.Growingupinafamilyuninterestedinart,ToullafoundinspirationinclassicartistslikeCanalettoandVermeer.Studyingtheirtechniquestaughtherprecisionandstorytellingthroughdetails.Nowlivinginthecountryside,naturefuelshercreativity.Shepaintslandscapes,farmanimals,andquietmomentsofrurallife.Travelalsoinspiresher;sheseekspeacefulplacestoobservedailyscenesothersmightoverlook.ForToulla,artisaboutrevealinguntoldstories.“Iwantviewerstowonder:Whatarethepeopleinthispaintingfeeling?Whathappenedbeforethismoment?”Sheavoidsfollowingpopularstyles,focusinginsteadoncapturingthetruespiritofhersubjects.Throughheruniqueperspective,ordinarymoments—afarmerfeedingchickens,childrenplayingbyariver—becomeextraordinarywindowsintohumanexperiences.4.WhatmarkedthebeginningofToulla’sseriousartjourney?A.Theoilpaintingsetfromherparents. B.Thefish-and-chipshoppapersheused.C.Herdiscoveryofwatercolortechniques. D.Herprimaryschoolclassmates’requests.5.HowdoesToullausewatercolorsdifferentlyfromtraditionalmethods?A.Sheavoidslayeringcolors. B.Shemixesthemwithoilpaints.C.Shefocusesoncorrectingmistakes. D.Sheappliesmultiplelayersforvivideffects.6.WhatinspiresToulla’scurrentartworks?A.Herfamily’sadviceonpaintingstyles.B.Quietruralscenesandtravelexperiences.C.Somefamousglobalmodernartexhibitions.D.Herbusycitylifeandmodalfashiontrends.7.WhatisthemainpurposeofToulla’sartworks?A.Topromotetraditionalartforms. B.Toshowcaseherfamily’sinfluence.C.Toarousereflectiononhumanstories. D.Toteachpaintingtechniquestostudents.【答案】4.A5.D6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了圖拉?哈吉喬治烏從小熱愛繪畫，在父母送的油畫套裝的影響下開啟藝術(shù)之路，她嘗試不同繪畫材料，從經(jīng)典藝術(shù)家處汲取靈感，如今以鄉(xiāng)村生活和旅行經(jīng)歷為創(chuàng)作源泉，通過畫作揭示不為人知的故事，引發(fā)人們對人類經(jīng)歷思考的故事?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Aturningpointcameat12whenherparentsgaveheranoilpaintingset—agiftthatshapedherartisticpath.(12歲時(shí)出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)，她的父母送給她一套油畫工具——這份禮物塑造了她的藝術(shù)道路)”可知，父母送的油畫套裝標(biāo)志著圖拉正式開啟藝術(shù)之旅。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Later,sheexploredwatercolorsbutbroketraditionalrulesbylayeringthemboldlytocreatebright,strikingeffects.(后來，她探索水彩畫，但打破傳統(tǒng)規(guī)則，大膽地給它們分層，以創(chuàng)造出明亮、引人注目的效果)”可知，圖拉使用水彩畫與傳統(tǒng)方法不同之處在于她通過多層涂抹來營造生動效果。故選D?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Nowlivinginthecountryside,naturefuelshercreativity.Shepaintslandscapes,farmanimals,andquietmomentsofrurallife.Travelalsoinspiresher;sheseekspeacefulplacestoobservedailyscenesothersmightoverlook.(現(xiàn)在她生活在鄉(xiāng)村，大自然激發(fā)了她的創(chuàng)造力。她畫風(fēng)景、農(nóng)場動物以及鄉(xiāng)村生活的寧靜時(shí)刻。旅行也激勵(lì)著她；她尋找寧靜的地方，去觀察別人可能忽略的日常場景)”可知，寧靜的鄉(xiāng)村場景和旅行經(jīng)歷激發(fā)了圖拉現(xiàn)在的藝術(shù)創(chuàng)作。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ForToulla,artisaboutrevealinguntoldstories.“Iwantviewerstowonder:Whatarethepeopleinthispaintingfeeling?Whathappenedbeforethismoment?”

(對圖拉來說，藝術(shù)就是揭示不為人知的故事?！拔蚁Ｍ^眾會思考：畫中的人在感受什么？在這一刻之前發(fā)生了什么？”)”可知，圖拉藝術(shù)作品的主要目的是引發(fā)對人類故事的思考。故選C。CGlobalsealevelsexperiencedanunexpectedaccelerationin2024,primarilydrivenbythermal(熱的)expansion—thephenomenonofseawaterexpandingasitabsorbsheat.NASAdatarevealedanannualriseof0.23inches,surpassingthepredicted0.17inches.“Whilenaturalfluctuationsexist,thelong-termtrendisclear:risingspeedsareincreasing,”statedNASAresearcherJoshWillis.Historically,meltingicesheetscontributedtwo-thirdsofsealevelrise,withthermalexpansionaccountingfortheremainingthird.However,2024sawarolereversal(逆轉(zhuǎn)):thermalexpansionbecameresponsiblefortwo-thirdsoftheincrease.Scientistsattributethisshifttorecord-breakingglobaltemperatures,whichpushedoceanheatcontentandseasurfaceheightsto30-yearhighs.Satelliteobservationssince1993showtheannualriseratehasmorethandoubled,resultingina4-inchglobalincreaseoverthreedecades.Continuoussatellitemonitoring,fromtheTOPEX/Poseidonmission(1992)totherecentlylaunchedSentinel-6(2020),ensuresdataaccuracy.TheupcomingSentinel-6Bsatellitewillextendthiscriticalrecordintothe2030s.Thermalexpansionoccursasabsorbedheatentersoceanlayers.Typically,seawaterformsstablelayerbasedontemperatureanddensity.Whilesurfaceheattransfersslowlytodeeperwaters,verticalmixinginhigh-windzonesliketheSouthernOceandisrupts(破壞)thispattern.ClimatephenomenasuchasElNino—characterizedbyeastwardshiftsofwarmPacificwaters—canalsoforceheatdownward,acceleratingthermalexpansion.8.Whatwasthemaincontributortosealevelrisein2024?A.Acceleratedicesheetmelting. B.Increasingrainfalloveroceans.C.Changesinoceancurrentdirections. D.Heat-inducedexpansionofseawater.9.Whatdothesatelliterecordsindicateaboutsealevelchanges?A.Recentslowingofannualrise.B.Over30yearsofobservations.C.Datacollectionbeganin2020.D.CompleterelianceonEuropeansatellitesystems.10.Theterm“verticalmixing”inParagraph4refersto______.A.heatexchangebetweenoceandepthsandsurfaceB.thelayeredtemperaturedistributionindeepoceansC.horizontal(水平)movementofwarmsurfacewatersD.rapidmeltingofpolaricecapsduetotemperatureanddensity11.Whatisthemajorpurposeofthearticle?A.Towarnaboutterribleclimatetippingpoints.B.Tocomparesatellitemeasurementtechnologies.C.Toanalyzecausesandpatternsofrisingsealevels.D.Topromoteinternationalcooperationinoceanresearch.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章基于NASA數(shù)據(jù)，揭示了2024年全球海平面加速上升的主因從冰蓋融化轉(zhuǎn)為海水熱膨脹，并通過30年衛(wèi)星觀測數(shù)據(jù)驗(yàn)證這一趨勢，同時(shí)解析海洋熱量垂直傳遞的物理機(jī)制。【8題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Globalsealevelsexperiencedanunexpectedaccelerationin2024,primarilydrivenbythermal(熱的)expansion—thephenomenonofseawaterexpandingasitabsorbsheat.(2024年全球海平面出現(xiàn)意外加速上升，主要原因是海水熱膨脹——即海水吸收熱量后體積膨脹的現(xiàn)象)”可知，其主因是海水的熱膨脹。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Satelliteobservationssince1993showtheannualriseratehasmorethandoubled,resultingina4-inchglobalincreaseoverthreedecades.(自1993年以來的衛(wèi)星觀測數(shù)據(jù)顯示，海平面年均上升速率已增長一倍以上，導(dǎo)致全球海平面在過去三十年間累計(jì)上升了約4英寸)”可知，衛(wèi)星記錄顯示了30年來海平面觀測的變化。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線部分的上文“Thermalexpansionoccursasabsorbedheatentersoceanlayers.Typically,seawaterformsstablelayerbasedontemperatureanddensity.Whilesurfaceheattransfersslowlytodeeperwaters(當(dāng)吸收的熱量進(jìn)入海洋各層時(shí)，就會發(fā)生熱膨脹現(xiàn)象。通常情況下，海水會根據(jù)溫度和密度形成穩(wěn)定的分層結(jié)構(gòu)。雖然表層熱量向深海水域傳遞的過程較為緩慢)”和下文“disrupts(破壞)thispattern(打破這一模式)”可知，此處詳細(xì)解釋熱膨脹發(fā)生的機(jī)制，能夠打破表層熱量向深層傳遞緩慢模式，從而讓熱量進(jìn)入各層的應(yīng)該是“海洋深處和海洋表面之間的熱交換”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章的首段指出海平面上升加速這一現(xiàn)象，第二段分析熱膨脹是其主導(dǎo)原因，第三段展示衛(wèi)星觀測趨勢，第四段解釋熱膨脹機(jī)制。因此，文章的主要目的是分析海平面上升的原因和模式。故選C項(xiàng)。DForoversevendecades,fluoride(氟化物)hasbeenaddedtopublicwatersuppliesinmanycountriesasadentalhealthstrategy.Thispracticebeganin1945intheU.S.cityofGrandRapids,wherescientistsfirsttestedwaterfluoridationtofightwidespreadtoothdecay(衰變).Bythe1950s,itbecamestandardpublichealthpolicyacrossAmerica,particularlyhelpingchildreninlow-incomefamiliesaccesscavityprotection.However,recentscientificfindingshavereigniteddebates.A2024studypublishedinEnvironmentalHealthsuggestedpossiblelinksbetweenhighfluorideexposureandsubtlechangesinchildren’scognitivedevelopment,thoughresearchersstressedthesefindingsrequireconfirmationthroughfurtherstudies.Fluoridestrengthensteeththroughtwodistinctmechanisms.Whenapplieddirectly—suchasthroughtoothpaste—itchemicallycombineswithtoothenamel’smineralstructure,formingaprotectivebarrieragainstacidattacksfromsugaryfoods.Thisprocess,calledremineralization,canrepairearlydamage.Systemically,swallowedfluorideentersthebloodstreamandgraduallyreleasesintosaliva,providingcontinuousenamelreinforcement.Researchrevealsstrikingdifferencesbetweenthesemethods:brushingwithfluoridetoothpastedelivers10timesmoreenamel-protectingfluoridethandrinkingeightglassesoffluoridatedwaterdaily.Naturalsourcescontributesignificantlytofluorideintake.Asinglecupofbrewedteacontainsfluorideequalto1—2litersoftreatedwater,whileprocessedfoodsmadewithfluoridatedwater(likecannedsoups)addmoreexposure.Modernchildren’sprimaryfluoridesourcehasshifteddramaticallysincethe1950s.A2022analysisshoweddailytoothbrushingexposeschildrentofluoridematching2—6cupsoffluoridatedwater,comparedtojusthalfacupfromactualwaterconsumption.Thisshiftexplainswhysomescientistsnowquestionthenecessityofwaterfluoridationinareaswithgooddentalcareaccess.Thedebatecentersonhealthequity.Whilefluoride-freealternativesexist,40%ofAmericanchildrenunder12stilldevelopcavities(齲齒),withratesthreetimeshigherinlow-incomecommunities.Dentalassociationsarguefluoridatedwaterremainsacrucialsafetynet,especiallyforfamilieswhomightforgettobrushorlackdentalinsurance.CurrentU.S.regulationsmaintainfluoridelevelsat0.7milligramsperliter—abalancebetweendentalbenefitsandpotentialrisks.Healthauthoritiesrecommendcontinuedmonitoring,advisingparentstooverseeyoungchildren’stoothpasteusetopreventaccidentaloverconsumption.Asglobalhealthorganizationsreviewnewevidence,thisdecades-oldpublichealthpracticefacesitsmostseriouschallenge.Thecorequestionremains:Howcansocietiesprotectvulnerablepopulationswhilerespectingevolvingscientificunderstanding?12.Whathistoricalfactismentionedaboutfluorideuse?A.Itwasfirsttestedincannedfoods. B.ItbecameU.S.policyinthe1920s.C.Teacompaniespromoteditsbenefits. D.GrandRapidsconductedearlyexperiments.13.Howdoesfluoriderepairearly-stagetoothdecay?A.Throughbloodcirculation. B.Byformingamineralbarrier.C.Bykillingallmouthbacteria. D.Throughsalivamineralrelease.14.Whydosomescientistsquestionwaterfluoridationtoday?A.Itcausesimmediatehealthrisks. B.Modernchildrenconsumemoretea.C.Cannedsoupscontainexcessfluoride. D.Toothpasteprovidessufficientfluoride.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.FluorideSourcesComparison:ToothpastevsDrinkingWater.B.TheHistoricalSuccessofWaterFluoridationProgramsSince1945.C.PublicHealthDilemma:ReassessingPresentFluoridationPolicies.D.HowFluoridePreventsChildhoodCavities:MechanismsExplained.【答案】12.D13.B14.D15.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了探討了水氟化的歷史背景、防蛀機(jī)制及現(xiàn)代爭議，探討了如何在保障弱勢群體口腔健康的同時(shí)，應(yīng)對新科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)提出的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。【12題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thispracticebeganin1945intheU.S.cityofGrandRapids,wherescientistsfirsttestedwaterfluoridationtofightwidespreadtoothdecay(衰變).(這種做法始于1945年的美國大急流城，那里的科學(xué)家首次測試了水氟化，以對抗普遍存在的蛀牙)”可知，大急流城進(jìn)行了氟化物使用的早期實(shí)驗(yàn)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Whenapplieddirectly—suchasthroughtoothpaste—itchemicallycombineswithtoothenamel’smineralstructure,formingaprotectivebarrieragainstacidattacksfromsugaryfoods.Thisprocess,calledremineralization,canrepairearlydamage.(當(dāng)直接使用時(shí)，如通過牙膏，它會與牙釉質(zhì)的礦物質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)，形成一層保護(hù)屏障，抵御含糖食物產(chǎn)生的酸性侵蝕。這一被稱為“再礦化”的過程，能夠修復(fù)早期的牙齒損傷)”可知，氟化物通過形成一種礦物質(zhì)屏障來修復(fù)早期的蛀牙。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“A2022analysisshoweddailytoothbrushingexposeschildrentofluoridematching2—6cupsoffluoridatedwater,comparedtojusthalfacupfromactualwaterconsumption.Thisshiftexplainswhysomescientistsnowquestionthenecessityofwaterfluoridationinareaswithgooddentalcareaccess.(2022年的一項(xiàng)分析表明，每日刷牙使兒童接觸的氟化物量相當(dāng)于2到6杯氟化水，而實(shí)際飲水量僅提供約半杯氟化水的氟含量。這一數(shù)據(jù)變化解釋了為何部分科學(xué)家開始質(zhì)疑在口腔保健普及地區(qū)繼續(xù)推行氟化水政策的必要性)”可知，部分科學(xué)家質(zhì)疑水氟化的必要性是因?yàn)檠栏嗄芴峁┳銐虻姆?。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第四段中“Thedebatecentersonhealthequity.(爭論的核心在于健康公平性)”和最后一段“Asglobalhealthorganizationsreviewnewevidence,thisdecades-oldpublichealthpracticefacesitsmostseriouschallenge.Thecorequestionremains:Howcansocietiesprotectvulnerablepopulationswhilerespectingevolvingscientificunderstanding?(隨著全球衛(wèi)生組織重新評估最新證據(jù)，這項(xiàng)延續(xù)數(shù)十年的公共衛(wèi)生實(shí)踐正面臨前所未有的嚴(yán)峻挑戰(zhàn)。核心問題始終在于：社會如何在尊重科學(xué)認(rèn)知發(fā)展的同時(shí)，切實(shí)保障弱勢群體的健康權(quán)益)”可知，文章圍繞水氟化展開，介紹了其歷史背景、防蛀機(jī)制及現(xiàn)代爭議，重點(diǎn)探討了如何在保障弱勢群體口腔健康的同時(shí)，應(yīng)對新科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)提出的潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。因此，C項(xiàng)“公共衛(wèi)生困境：重新評估目前的氟化政策”突出了文章的核心內(nèi)容，適合作為標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。HowtobuildpatienceabilitiesWhat’sthepurposeofbuildingpatienceabilities?Inaword,happiness.Betterrelationships,moresuccess.____16____Effectivewaysarerecommendedtotrainourselvestoworkwithlittlepainandannoyance.Thus,whenthebigonescome,wewillhavedevelopedthepatienceweneedforhardtimes.Understandtheaddictivenatureofangerandimpatience.We,humanbeings,arestillconstructedwithouroldreptilian(爬行動物的)brainthatprotectsourphysicalandemotionalsurvival.Theurgetoprotectourselvesandwhatweconsidervaluableisabsolutelyhabit-forming.Sothefirststepingrowingpatienceistogetintouchwiththeaddictivequalityoftheoppositeofpatience—anger,impatience,blameandshame.____17____Upgradeourattitudetowardsdiscomfortandpain.Painhasitspurposesandpushesustofindsolutions—wetrytochangetheotherperson,situationorthingthatwethinkiscausingourdiscomfort.Buttheproblemisthatitisnottheoutsidethingthat’sthesourceofourpain,buthowourmindisset.____18____Payattentionwhentheimpatienceorpainstarts.Mostofusdon’treallyrealizeitwhenwearefeelingeventhesmallest—butverypresent—painfulfeelings.____19____Buttoreallycareforourselves,getcuriousaboutwhat’sactuallyhappeninginthemomentinsideyou.Focusingonwhat’sactuallyhappening,youcannoticetheworryofnotwantingwhat’shappening,theresistance.____20____Whenyoufindyourselfimpatient,orangrywithyourself,youcanremindyourselfthatyouaregrowing.Youcansaytoyourself,“It’strue.Idon’tlikethis;thisisuncomfortable,butIcantolerateit.”A.Sothesolutiontopainisaninsidejob.B.Patienceabilitiesbenefityouinmanyways.C.Weallhavethem,andwecangrowbeyondthem.D.Talktoyourselflikeyou’dcheerupyourbestfriend.E.Butindeedittakeseffortstobuildthemsuccessfully.F.Learntoforgiveyourselfforbeingimpatientinhardtimes.G.Weignorethefactthatwe’reinpainandfocuscompletelyonfixingtheproblem.【答案】16.E17.C18.A19.G20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了培養(yǎng)耐心能力的意義及具體方法，包括認(rèn)識急躁的成癮性、調(diào)整對痛苦的態(tài)度、關(guān)注內(nèi)心感受以及積極自我對話。【16題詳析】前文“What’sthepurposeofbuildingpatienceabilities?Inaword,happiness.Betterrelationships,moresuccess.(培養(yǎng)耐心能力的目的是什么?一句話，幸福。更好的關(guān)系，更多的成功)”解釋培養(yǎng)耐心的目的，后文“Effectivewaysarerecommendedtotrainourselvestoworkwithlittlepainandannoyance.(我們推薦了一些有效的方法來訓(xùn)練自己，讓自己在工作中少一些痛苦和煩惱)”引出有效訓(xùn)練方法，因此E項(xiàng)“Butindeedittakeseffortstobuildthemsuccessfully.(但培養(yǎng)它們的確需要努力)”符合語境，表明這些能力需要努力培養(yǎng)，和前文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，引出后文，其中的them指代前文的patienceabilities。故選E。【17題詳析】前文“Sothefirststepingrowingpatienceistogetintouchwiththeaddictivequalityoftheoppositeofpatience—anger,impatience,blameandshame.(因此，培養(yǎng)耐心的第一步，是接觸到耐心的反義詞——憤怒、不耐煩、責(zé)備和羞恥——令人上癮的品質(zhì))”建議了解與耐心相反的負(fù)面情緒，因此C項(xiàng)“Weallhavethem,andwecangrowbeyondthem.(我們都有這些情緒，但可以超越它們)”符合語境，指出這些情緒是可以克服的，承接前文，其中的them指代前一句中羅列的各種負(fù)面情緒。故選C?！?8題詳析】前文“Buttheproblemisthatitisnottheoutsidethingthat’sthesourceofourpain,buthowourmindisset.(但問題是，我們痛苦的根源并不是外在的東西，而是我們的思維方式)”指出痛苦的根源在于思維方式而非外部，因此A項(xiàng)“Sothesolutiontopainisaninsidejob.(所以痛苦的解決辦法是內(nèi)在的工作)”符合語境，表明需從內(nèi)在來解決，承接前文。故選A?！?9題詳析】前文“Mostofusdon’treallyrealizeitwhenwearefeelingeventhesmallest—butverypresent—painfulfeelings.(我們大多數(shù)人在感受到哪怕是最微小但卻非常真切的痛苦時(shí)，都沒有真正意識到這一點(diǎn))”指出多數(shù)人忽略痛苦感受，后文“Buttoreallycareforourselves,getcuriousaboutwhat’sactuallyhappeninginthemomentinsideyou.Focusingonwhat’sactuallyhappening,youcannoticetheworryofnotwantingwhat’shappening,theresistance.(但若要真正關(guān)愛自己，就要對此刻內(nèi)心的真實(shí)狀況保持好奇。當(dāng)你聚焦于實(shí)際發(fā)生的事情時(shí)，就能覺察到那種不想要正在發(fā)生的事情的擔(dān)憂和抗拒)”提醒關(guān)注內(nèi)心真實(shí)狀況，覺察真實(shí)感受，因此G項(xiàng)“Weignorethefactthatwe’reinpainandfocuscompletelyonfixingtheproblem.(我們忽略痛苦的事實(shí)，完全專注于解決問題)”符合語境，描述大多人的錯(cuò)誤狀態(tài)，承接前文，和后文形成對比。故選G。【20題詳析】后文“Whenyoufindyourselfimpatient,orangrywithyourself,youcanremindyourselfthatyouaregrowing.Youcansaytoyourself,“It’strue.Idon’tlikethis;thisisuncomfortable,butIcantolerateit.”(當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒有耐心或生自己的氣時(shí)，你可以提醒自己，你正在成長。你可以對自己說：“這是真的。我不喜歡這樣；這很不舒服，但我能忍受?！?”建議用積極自我對話應(yīng)對急躁，舉例如何與自己對話，空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需建議自我對話，且需和其他段首句一樣使用祈使句的形式，因此D項(xiàng)“Talktoyourselflikeyou’dcheerupyourbestfriend.(像鼓勵(lì)最好的朋友那樣與自己對話)”符合語境，契合后文內(nèi)容。故選D。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Manywonderfulteachershavehelpedshapemylife.Oneteacherwhoespeciallystandsoutinmy____21____wasMr.PatrickGallagher.Hewasmyhistoryteacherinhighschool,andoneofthe____22____ofaserviceclubinwhichIwasanofficer.MayaAngelouoncesaid,“Peoplewillforgetwhatyousaid,peoplewillforgetwhatyoudid,butpeoplewillneverforgethowyoumadethem____23____.”IrememberMr.GallaghermademefeellikeIwas____24____.HemademeseethingsaboutmyselfthatInever____25____.Heencouragedmetobeastudent____26____,sayingIwasaninclusive(包容的)personwhoalwaystriedto____27____othersintoasituation.Hebelievedinme,andIwantedtoliveupto(不辜負(fù))hisgood____28____ofme.OndayswhenIfeelalittlelostor____29____,Istillpullouttheletterofscholarshiprecommendationhe____30____forme.Those_____31_____stillhavethepowertomakemeonceagainfeelworthyand_____32_____.FromMr.Gallagher,Ilearnedtoshinealightonstudents’_____33_____andhelpthemseetheirownspecialqualities.Ilookforwaystotellstudentsallthe_____34_____Iseeinthem,sothey,too,can_____35_____somedayandrememberthatateachersawinthemabrightstudentwithsomuchpotential(潛能).21.A.dream B.honor C.memory D.imagination22.A.workers B.narrators C.advisers D.colleagues23.A.work B.feel C.respond D.think24.A.special B.careful C.energetic D.flexible25.A.admitted B.realized C.remembered D.expressed26.A.assistant B.waiter C.member D.leader27.A.persuade B.cheat C.force D.welcome28.A.explanation B.notice C.opinion D.standard29.A.high B.excited C.low D.embarrassed30.A.wrote B.reserved C.got D.answered31.A.impressions B.words C.suggestions D.tasks32.A.capable B.generous C.fancy D.odd33.A.strengths B.action C.information D.problems34.A.love B.good C.determination D.kindness35.A.payback B.lookback C.getback D.turnback【答案】21.C22.C23.B24.A25.B26.D27.D28.C29.C30.A31.B32.A33.A34.B35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。作者高中的歷史老師幫助作者看到自己的特殊和優(yōu)點(diǎn)，對作者產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響，也讓作者成為老師后同樣對待自己的學(xué)生。【21題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：PatrickGallagher先生是我記憶中特別突出的一位老師。A.dream夢；B.honor榮譽(yù)；C.memory記憶；D.imagination想象。根據(jù)前句“Manywonderfulteachershavehelpedshapemylife.(許多優(yōu)秀的老師幫助塑造了我的生活。)”可知，這里是在回憶自己曾經(jīng)的老師，PatrickGallagher先生在作者的記憶中尤為突出。故選C。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他是我高中時(shí)的歷史老師，也是我擔(dān)任干部的一個(gè)服務(wù)俱樂部的顧問之一。A.workers員工；B.narrators敘述者；C.advisers顧問；D.colleagues同事。根據(jù)句中的“Hewasmyhistoryteacherinhighschool”和空后的“ofaserviceclub”可知，PatrickGallagher是高中老師，同時(shí)也在一個(gè)服務(wù)俱樂部當(dāng)顧問。故選C。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：人們會忘記你說了什么，人們會忘記了你做了什么，但人們永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記你給他們帶來的感受。A.work工作；B.feel感覺；C.respond回應(yīng)；D.think思考。根據(jù)下句“IrememberMr.GallaghermademefeellikeIwas________.”可知。這里是說人們永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記你給他們帶來的感受。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我記得Gallagher先生讓我覺得自己很特別。A.special特別的，特殊的；B.careful小心的；C.energetic精力充沛的；D.flexible靈活的。根據(jù)最后一段中的“helpthemseetheirownspecialqualities”可知，這里是special的原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，表示Gallagher老師讓作者覺得自己很特別。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他讓我看到了我從未意識到自己有的那些東西。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.realized意識到；C.remembered記得；D.expressed表達(dá)。根據(jù)句中的“mademeseethingsaboutmyself”可知，老師讓作者看到自己身上有的東西，而作者從來沒有意識到自己有這些東西。故選B?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他鼓勵(lì)我成為一名學(xué)生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，說我是一個(gè)包容性強(qiáng)的人，總是盡力歡迎別人加入。A.assistant助理；B.waiter服務(wù)員；C.member成員；D.leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。根據(jù)句中的“Iwasaninclusive(包容的)personwhoalwaystriedto________othersintoasituation”可知，老師鼓勵(lì)作者當(dāng)學(xué)生領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.persuade說服；B.cheat欺騙；C.force強(qiáng)迫；D.welcome歡迎，迎接。根據(jù)句中的“Iwasaninclusive(包容的)person”可知，有包容心的人才會歡迎別人加入。故選D?！?8題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他相信我，我想不辜負(fù)他對我的好評價(jià)。A.explanation解釋；B.notice注意；C.opinion觀點(diǎn)，看法；D.standard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。根據(jù)上文中的“sayingIwasaninclusive(包容的)personwhoalwaystriedto________othersintoasituation”可知，老師給予了作者好的評價(jià)。故選C。【29題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在我感到有點(diǎn)迷惘或情緒低落的日子里，我仍然會拿出他為我寫的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金推薦信。A.high高興的，興奮的；B.excited興奮的；C.low；D.embarrassed尷尬的。根據(jù)or前面的lost，這里or連接的應(yīng)是兩個(gè)感情色彩相近的詞，表達(dá)的應(yīng)是作者感到情緒低落。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.wrote寫；B.reserved預(yù)訂；C.got得到；D.answered回答。根據(jù)空前的“theletterofscholarshiprecommendationhe”和空后的“forme”可知，老師為作者寫了獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金推薦信。故選A。【31題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這些字仍然有力量讓我再次感到有價(jià)值和有能力。A.impressions印象；B.words話語，字；C.suggestions建議；D.tasks任務(wù)。根據(jù)上文中的“theletterofscholarshiprecommendation”可知，這里是說老師寫的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金推薦信里的字。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意參考上題。A.capable有能力；B.generous慷慨的；C.fancy精致的；D.odd古怪的。根據(jù)and前的worthy可知，and前后表示的內(nèi)容應(yīng)褒貶一致，所以這里應(yīng)是這些字讓作者再次感到自己有能力。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從Gallagher老師那里，我學(xué)會了發(fā)掘?qū)W生的長處，幫助他們看到自己的特殊品質(zhì)。A.strengths優(yōu)點(diǎn)，長處；B.action行動；C.information信息；D.problems問題。根據(jù)空后的“andhelpthemseetheirownspecialqualities”可知，這里是說作者學(xué)會發(fā)掘?qū)W生身上的長處。故選A。【34題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我想辦法告訴學(xué)生們我在他們身上看到的所有優(yōu)點(diǎn)，這樣他們也可以有一天回過頭來，記住一位老師在他們身上看到一個(gè)有很多潛力的聰明學(xué)生。A.love愛；B.good善，優(yōu)點(diǎn)；C.determination決心；D.kindness善良。根據(jù)上文中的“Ilearnedtoshinealightonstudents’________andhelpthemseetheirownspecialqualities”可知，作者會告訴學(xué)生自己在學(xué)生身上看到的所有優(yōu)點(diǎn)。故選B?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意參考上題。A.payback報(bào)復(fù)；B.lookback回憶，回顧；C.getback返回；D.turnback（使）原路返回。根據(jù)and后的remember可知，這里是說學(xué)生在某一天回首往事。故選B。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。“NeZha2”,aChineseanimatedfilmbased____36____ancientmythology,hasmadehistorybyearningover$1.2billiongloballywithintwoweeks.Thisachievementnotonlymakesitthe____37____(high)incomefilminChinabutalsothefirstnon-Hollywoodproduction____38____(reach)thismilestone.ThestorycentersonNezha,aboybornasademon’sreincarnation,____39____bravelychallengeshisfate.Thefilm’ssuccessreflectsChineseaudiences’increasingpreferencefordomesticstories.Inrecentyears,manyviewers____40____(express)prideinlocalculturethroughbox-officesupport.Expertsnotethat____41____(combine)cutting-edgeanimationwithtraditionalelementslikeChineseoperamusiccreatesauniquevisualstyle.Interestingly,over60%oftheaudience____42____(be)teenagers,suggestingitsappealtoyounggenerations.Onefancommented,“Seeingourmyths____43____(bring)tolifewithmoderntechnologyisinspiring.”WhileHollywoodfilmsoncedominatedChinesecinemas,theriseofworkslike“NeZha2”marks____44____culturalshift.SuchmoviesprovethatChina’sfilmindustrycan_____45_____(success)mixheritagewithinnovation.【答案】36.on/upon37.highest38.toreach39.who40.haveexpressed41.combining42.were43.brought44.a45.successfully【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了中國動畫電影《哪吒2》的票房成就、故事內(nèi)容、成功原因及其反映的中國電影行業(yè)趨勢，體現(xiàn)了傳統(tǒng)文化與創(chuàng)新技術(shù)的結(jié)合?！?6題詳析】考查介詞。句意：《哪吒2》是一部基于古代神話的中國動畫電影，兩周內(nèi)全球票房超過12億美元，創(chuàng)造了歷史。此處為固定搭配basedon/upon意為“基于”符合句意，所以此處使用介詞on或者upon。故填on/upon。【37題詳析】考查形容詞最高級。句意：這一成就不僅使其成為中國收入最高的電影，也是第一部達(dá)到這一里程碑的非好萊塢作品。根據(jù)語境及定冠詞the可知，此處用形容詞high的最高級形式highest，作定語修飾incomefilm。故填highest?！?8題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：同上。此處作名詞production的后置定語，當(dāng)名詞前有序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，用動詞不定式形式，所以此處為toreach。故填toreach?！?9題詳析】考查定語從句。句意：故事圍繞哪吒展開，他是一個(gè)作為惡魔轉(zhuǎn)世出生的男孩，勇敢地挑戰(zhàn)自己的命運(yùn)。此處為關(guān)系詞引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，先行詞為Nezha，指人，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)。故填who。【40題詳析】考查動詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：近年來，許多觀眾通過票房支持表達(dá)了對本土文化的自豪感。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“Inrecentyears”可知，此處強(qiáng)調(diào)從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，主語viewers為復(fù)數(shù)。故填haveexpressed。【41題詳析】考查非謂語動詞。句意：專家指出，將尖端動畫與中國戲曲音樂等傳統(tǒng)元素相結(jié)合，創(chuàng)造了獨(dú)特的視覺風(fēng)格。此處作賓語從句的主語，描述的是一般性動作，所以此處使用動名詞combining作主語。故填combining?！?2題