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第12章動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要表達(dá)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),在句子中由“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式”來(lái)表達(dá)(“動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式”就是敘述過(guò)去事情的動(dòng)詞形式,構(gòu)成參見(jiàn)(第9章動(dòng)詞概說(shuō)))。本章分別講解be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)和行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí),并具體講解動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一些基本用法。典型例句:1.Hewalkstoschool.(他(現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常)步行上學(xué)。)典型例句:2.Hewalkedtoschool.(他步行去上學(xué)了。)說(shuō)明:典型例句1中的動(dòng)詞walks是現(xiàn)在式,表示目前習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作;典型例句2中的動(dòng)詞walked是過(guò)去式,敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)的事情。1.be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)be動(dòng)詞(am/is/are)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí),請(qǐng)看下表:時(shí)態(tài)主語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)I(第一人稱單數(shù))amwashe,she,it(第三人稱單數(shù))iswasyou(第二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù))arewerewe,they(第一、三人稱復(fù)數(shù))arewerebe動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的基本句型如下:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)+……否定句:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)+not+……一般疑問(wèn)句:be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(Was/Were)+主語(yǔ)+……?特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?Iwasbusyyesterday.(我昨天很忙。)(肯定句)Hewasbusyyesterday.(他昨天很忙。)(肯定句)Wewerebusybusyesterday.(我們昨天很忙。)(肯定句)Hewasnotbusyyesterday.(他昨天不忙。)(否定句)Wewerenotbusybusyesterday.(我們昨天不忙。)(否定句)Washebusyyesterday?(他昨天忙嗎?)(一般疑問(wèn)句)Wereyoubusyyesterday?(你昨天忙嗎?)(一般疑問(wèn)句)Whywashebusyyesterday?(他昨天為什么忙?)(特殊疑問(wèn)句)Whywereyoubusyyesterday?(你昨天為什么忙?)(特殊疑問(wèn)句)1.be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句句型:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)+……MikewasintheUnitedStateslastyear.(邁克去年在美國(guó)。)Iwasverytiredlastnight.(我昨天晚上很累。)Carlwasateacher.(卡爾以前是個(gè)老師。)Charleswasanengineer.(查爾斯以前是個(gè)工程師。)Youwereabsentfromschooltwodaysago.(兩天前你沒(méi)到校。)補(bǔ)充:Thereis/are...句型用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),需把is,are變?yōu)樗鼈兊倪^(guò)去式:Therewas/were...2.be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句句型:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)+not+……be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)否定句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,只要在be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)后面加上not就可以了。GarywasnotinCanadalastyear.(加里去年不在加拿大。)Iwasn’tbusytheotherday.(前幾天我不忙。)Mikewasn’tatschool.(邁克不在學(xué)校。)Dogsweren’tinthepark.(小狗們沒(méi)在公園里。)Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.(房間里一個(gè)男孩也沒(méi)有。)Theyweren’tGermans.(他們不是德國(guó)人。)Mr.Robertwasn’tangrywithhisson’sfault.(羅伯特先生沒(méi)有為他兒子的失誤生氣。)說(shuō)明:否定式的wasnot,werenot大多使用縮寫形式wasn’t讀作[?w?znt]和weren’t讀作[w??nt]。3.be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句句型:be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(Was/Were)+主語(yǔ)+……?be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,只要把be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)調(diào)到主語(yǔ)前面即可?;卮餡as/Were+主語(yǔ)+……?句型時(shí),需用“Yes,...was/were.”或“No,...wasn’t/weren’t.”。A:Wassheateacher?(她以前是個(gè)老師嗎?)B:Yes,shewas.(是的,她是。)A:Weretheydoctors?(他們以前是醫(yī)生嗎?)B:Yes,theywere.(是的,他們是。)A:Wasyourfatherfreethismorning?(今天上午你爸有空嗎?)B:No,hewasn’t.(不,他沒(méi)空。)A:Weretheypresentatthemeeting?(他們出席會(huì)議了嗎?)B:Yes,theywere.(是的,他們出席了。)A:Wasthereagrocerystorenearhere?(以前這里附近有雜貨店嗎?)B:Yes,therewas.(是的,以前有。)A:Weretheyinthegarden?(他們?cè)诨▓@里嗎?)B:No,theyweren’t.(不,他們不在。)4.be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,只需將疑問(wèn)詞放在句首,后面跟一般疑問(wèn)句即可。回答特殊疑問(wèn)句時(shí)不用yes或no,而是需要直接回答所問(wèn)的問(wèn)題。A:WherewasCecilialastyear?(去年塞西莉亞在哪兒?)B:ShewasinShanghai.(她在上海。)A:Wherewereyouyesterdaymorning?(你昨天上午在哪兒呢?)B:Iwasatschool.(我在學(xué)校。)A:Whatwasthereinthesuitcasethen?(那時(shí)旅行箱里有什么?)B:Therewasalaptop,acellphoneandaPSP.(有一臺(tái)筆記本電腦,一部手機(jī)和一個(gè)PSP游戲機(jī)。)be動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型和一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型的比較(以he為主語(yǔ))時(shí)態(tài)句型一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定句Heis...Hewas...否定句Heisn’t...Hewasn’t...一般疑問(wèn)句Ishe...?Washe...?特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞+ishe...?疑問(wèn)詞+washe...?2.行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式為was和were,而行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式一般是在動(dòng)詞后加-ed,我們把這類動(dòng)詞稱為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。在加-ed時(shí),不同的規(guī)則動(dòng)詞在形式上還會(huì)有不同的變化規(guī)律。行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本句型如下:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+……否定句:主語(yǔ)+didnot+動(dòng)詞原形+……一般疑問(wèn)句:Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+……?特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?Heplayedtennislastweek.(他上周打網(wǎng)球了。)(肯定句)Hedidnotplaytennislastweek.(上周他沒(méi)打網(wǎng)球。)(否定句)Didheplaytennislastweek?(上周他打網(wǎng)球了嗎?)(一般疑問(wèn)句)Wheredidheplaytennislastweek?(上周他在哪兒打網(wǎng)球?)(特殊疑問(wèn)句)重要:last可和表示時(shí)間的名詞連用:lastnight昨夜;lastweek上周;lastmonth上個(gè)月;lastyear去年;lastMonday上周一1.行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句句型:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+……行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。主語(yǔ)即使是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也和其他人稱形式一樣。Hehadagoodtimeyesterday.(昨天他過(guò)得很高興。)Isawafilmlastweek.(上周我看了一部電影。)ShestudiedKoreantwoyearsago.(兩年前她學(xué)的韓語(yǔ)。)WesaidgoodbyetoRogeratfive.(5點(diǎn)鐘時(shí),我們和羅杰告別。)Walterfoundanamusingbook.(沃爾特找到一本有趣的書(shū)。)Williamrushedintotheroom.(威廉沖進(jìn)了房間。)注意:注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)變化。務(wù)必熟記下述動(dòng)詞的原形和過(guò)去式。(更多不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化參見(jiàn)(第9章動(dòng)詞概說(shuō)))read[ri:d]→read[red]say→saidknow→knewput→putgo→wentget→gothave→hadsee→sawtake→tookdo→didcome→camefind→found2.行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句句型:主語(yǔ)+didnot+動(dòng)詞原形+……行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)否定句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定句的結(jié)構(gòu)一樣,不論主語(yǔ)是第幾人稱,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),在主語(yǔ)后面加上didnot(而不是donot或doesnot)就可以了。否定式didnot常用縮寫形式didn’t,讀作[?d?dnt]。Wedidnothaveagoodtimeyesterday.(昨天我們過(guò)得不好。)Andrewdidn’thaveclassesthismorning.(今天上午安德魯沒(méi)課。)Ididn’tworkovertimeyesterday.(我昨天沒(méi)有加班。)Youdidn’tdoyourbesttodoit.(你沒(méi)有盡力去做。)Brantdidn’tdohishomework.(布蘭特沒(méi)做作業(yè)。)3.行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句句型:Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+……?行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)一樣,無(wú)論主語(yǔ)是第幾人稱,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),在主語(yǔ)前面加上Did即可。A:Didhegothere?(他去那兒了嗎?)B:Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.(是的,他去了。/不,他沒(méi)去。)A:Didyoutelephoneyouruncleyesterday?(你昨天給你叔叔打電話了嗎?)說(shuō)明:在過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句中,因?yàn)榫涫子昧薉id,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用原形。B:Yes,Idid.(是的,我打了。)/No,Ididn’t.(不,我沒(méi)打。)4.行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,只需將疑問(wèn)詞放在句首,后面跟一般疑問(wèn)句即可。A:Howmanysubjectsdidyoustudylastterm?(上學(xué)期你們學(xué)習(xí)了幾門課?)比較:subject和lesson的區(qū)別表示具體的科目、學(xué)科,不能用lesson,而要用subject。表示教材上的第幾課,要用lesson,如:Lesson2。B:Westudiedsevensubjects.(我們學(xué)習(xí)了7門課。)A:Whendidyougetupthismorning?(今天早晨你幾點(diǎn)鐘起床的?)B:Atsix.(6點(diǎn)鐘。)A:Wheredidyoudownloadtheselisteningmaterials?(你從哪兒下載的這些聽(tīng)力資料?)B:IdownloadedthemfromtheEnglishwebsiteof21stCentury.(我從21世紀(jì)英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)站上下載的。)行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型和一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型的比較(以go為例):時(shí)態(tài)句型一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定句Igo...Hegoes...Iwent...Hewent...否定句Idon’tgo...Hedoesn’tgo...Ididn’tgo...Hedidn’tgo...一般疑問(wèn)句Doyougo...?Doeshego...?Didyougo...?Didhego...?特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞+doyou...?疑問(wèn)詞+doeshe...?疑問(wèn)詞+didyou...?疑問(wèn)詞+didhe...?3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況(1)帶有確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)以下的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中。yesterday昨天twoweeksago兩周前l(fā)astyear去年theotherday前幾天onceuponatime很久以前justnow剛才intheolddays過(guò)去的日子里whenIwaseightyearsold當(dāng)我8歲時(shí)Iwenttoschoolonfootyesterday.(我昨天是步行去的學(xué)校。)DidyoutraveltoHongKongtheotherday?(前幾天,你們?nèi)ハ愀勐糜瘟藛??)Heleftjustnow.(他剛剛離開(kāi)。)LeiFengwasagoodsolider.(雷鋒是個(gè)好戰(zhàn)士。)ThomasEdisonwasoneoftheworld’sleadinginventors.(托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生是世界一流的發(fā)明家。)補(bǔ)充:在談到歷史人物或已去世的人物的情況時(shí),多用過(guò)去時(shí)。(2)沒(méi)有確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)有些句子雖然沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),但實(shí)際上是指過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Ithoughtyouwereill.(我以為你病了呢。)(這句話說(shuō)明在說(shuō)話之前我以為你病了,但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒(méi)有?。㊣thoughtyouwantedtohavesomecakes.(我以為你想要吃一些蛋糕。)(用過(guò)去時(shí)作試探性的詢句、請(qǐng)求、建議等)2.表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一般過(guò)去時(shí)還表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,過(guò)去持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間的行為或過(guò)去曾經(jīng)存在過(guò)的狀態(tài),常與always(總是),never(從不)等連用。Shealwayscarriedanumbrella.(她過(guò)去總是帶著一把傘。)(只是說(shuō)明她過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著一把傘)Shealwayscarriesanumbrella.(她老是帶著一把傘。)(說(shuō)明這是她的習(xí)慣,表明她現(xiàn)在仍然習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘)Ineverdrankalcohol.(我以前從不喝酒。)(不涉及現(xiàn)在,不說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒)3.表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作當(dāng)表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí),往往沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),要通過(guò)上下文來(lái)判定是否用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment,lookedatthecaptain,andthendied.(那男孩的眼睛張開(kāi)了一會(huì)兒,看看船長(zhǎng),然后就死了。)(open,look和die是在過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的三個(gè)動(dòng)作,所以都要用過(guò)去時(shí))Joewaslate.Hedressedhimselfquickly,rushedoutofthehouseandrantotheschool.(喬起晚了。他迅速穿上衣服,沖出家門,向?qū)W校跑去。)4.用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣,可指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況Wouldyoutryitagainifyouhadasecondchance?(如果還有一次機(jī)會(huì),你想再試一次嗎?)IfIwereyou,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.(如果我是你,我會(huì)用另一種方式做。)5.如果強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)終止的習(xí)慣時(shí)要用usedtoPaulusedtodrink.(保羅過(guò)去經(jīng)常喝酒。)(意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了,喝酒這個(gè)動(dòng)作終止了)Iusedtotakeawalkaftersupper.(我過(guò)去總是在晚飯后散步。)(意味著我現(xiàn)在不在晚飯后散步了)Iusedtoenjoygardening,butIdon’tlikeitanymore.(以前我很喜歡園藝,但現(xiàn)在一點(diǎn)兒也不喜歡。)Hedidn’tusetosmoke.(以前他不常抽煙。)(否定句)A:Didheusetosmoke?(以前他常抽煙嗎?)(一般疑問(wèn)句)B:Yes,hedid.(是的,他常抽。)/No,hedidn’t.(不,他不常抽。)補(bǔ)充:usednot=usedn’t[?ju:snt]Heusednottosmoke.(他過(guò)去不抽煙。)Usedhetosmoke?(他過(guò)去抽煙嗎?)比較:usedto和would的區(qū)別usedto表示過(guò)去常做而現(xiàn)在已終止(不做)的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系;而would只說(shuō)明過(guò)去的動(dòng)作習(xí)慣,和現(xiàn)在沒(méi)關(guān)系,這個(gè)動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在也許終止,也許還在繼續(xù)。Hewouldtakeawalkaftersupper.(他過(guò)去總是在晚飯后散步。)(和現(xiàn)在沒(méi)關(guān)系,也許他現(xiàn)在還在晚飯后散步,也許不)另外,usedto不必帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),而would是表示在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的某種習(xí)慣做法,所以要帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Heusedtodrinkalot.(他過(guò)去總是喝很多酒。)Hewoulddrinkalotwhenhewasyoung.(他年輕時(shí),很能喝酒。)注意:辨別下面一組句子的正誤。LiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning.把一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句:→(?)DidLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?(李明今天早晨學(xué)英語(yǔ)了嗎?)→(×)DidLiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning?(行為動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用原形)→(×)DoesLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?(時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用原句子時(shí)態(tài))→(×)WasLiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning?(助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用did,而行為動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用原形)CommonMistakes(注意!失分陷阱!)陷阱例題①A:When__________Jessy__________toNewYork?B:Yesterday.【武漢中考】A.does;getB.did;getC.has;gotD.had;got句意提示:A:杰西什么時(shí)候到的紐約?B:昨天。陷阱追擊:動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如果沒(méi)有掌握好一般過(guò)去時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu),則容易誤選。正確解析:根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“yesterday(昨天)”可以判斷應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)提問(wèn)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu),無(wú)論主語(yǔ)是第幾人稱,單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù),在主語(yǔ)前面加上did即可,且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用原形。正確答案為B。陷阱例題②Edward,youplaysowell.ButI__________youplayedthepiano.【海南中考】A.didn’tknowB.hadn’tknownC.don’tknowD.haven’tknown句意提示:愛(ài)德華,你彈得真好。但是我以前還不知道你彈鋼琴呢。陷阱追擊:本題考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句。一般過(guò)去時(shí)否定句的基本句型是“主語(yǔ)+didnot+動(dòng)詞原形+……”。如果沒(méi)有掌握好這一基本句型,則容易誤選。正確解析:根據(jù)句意可知,“不知道你彈鋼琴”是過(guò)去的事,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道了,所以應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表達(dá)。正確答案為A。陷阱例題③Itwasgreat!I__________manyoldfriendsattheparty.【瀘州中考】A.meetB.metC.meeting句意提示:太棒了!我在那個(gè)聚會(huì)上遇到了許多老朋友。陷阱追擊:根據(jù)題干中出現(xiàn)的was可以判斷應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如果沒(méi)有注意到這一關(guān)鍵提示點(diǎn),則容易誤選。正確解析:動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句型是“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+……”。meet的過(guò)去式是met。正確答案為B。陷阱例題④Thebus__________suddenlywhenagroupofstudentsranontotheroad.【廣州中考】A.stopsB.stoppedC.hasstoppedD.isstopping句意提示:當(dāng)一群學(xué)生跑到馬路上時(shí),那輛公交車急剎車停了下來(lái)。陷阱追擊:如果沒(méi)有注意到題干中的關(guān)鍵詞ran(run的過(guò)去式),則容易誤選。正確解析:根據(jù)狀語(yǔ)從句中的ran可以判斷主句應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。正確答案為B。FinalCheck(實(shí)力測(cè)驗(yàn))1.用括號(hào)中適當(dāng)?shù)脑~填空1.I__________(am,is,was,were)busylastweek.2.AdaandI__________(am,are,was,were)lateforschoolyesterday.3.I__________(walk,walks,walked,walking)toschooltheotherday.4.Rose__________(doesnot,didnot,hasbeen,hasto)visitherunclethemonthbeforelast(month).5.There__________(is,was,are,were)alotofpeopleinthisvillagetenyearsago.6.Mother__________(am,is,was,were)illinbedlastnight.7.It__________(rain,rains,rained,raining)alotlastyear.2.用括號(hào)中動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.How__________(be)Jim’sweekend?It__________(benot)bad.2.MyuncleinLondon__________(send)abirthdaypresenttomeyesterday.3.When__________(be)youborn?4.Assoonashearrivedinthecountry,he__________(phone)me.5.WhenI__________(knock)athisdoor,hewascooking.6.WewerewatchingTVwhenthelight__________(go)out.7.Hesaidhe__________(notlike)mathsatall.3.用適當(dāng)?shù)脑~完成下面句子1.A:__________youmakethiscakelastnight?B:Yes,Idid.I__________itforyou.2.A:DidTom__________homeatfiveyesterday?B:No,he__________.Hecamehomeatsix.3.A:What__________you__________atthestore?B:Iboughtacamera.4.A:Wereyouathomeyesterday?B:Yes,I__________.5.A:Wheredidyoucatchthefish?B:I__________itintherivernearmyhouse.4.選擇填空1.Heusuallygoestoschoolbybus,butyesterdayhe__________ataxi.A.takesB.tookC.getsonD.goton2.I__________fourbooksonChinesehistoryfromourlibrary.A.borrowB.borrowedC.lendD.lent3.Youhadyourbirthdaypartytheotherday,__________you?A.hadn’tB.hadC.didD.didn’t4.Therewereonlyafewvegetablesleft,__________there?A.wereB.weren’tC.wasD.wasn’t5.Idon’tthinkhe__________hisbesttodothejob.A.didB.doesC.didn’tdoD.doesn’tdo6.I__________likepork,butnowIlikebeef.A.amusedtoB.usedtoC.usetoD.am7.There__________ahotelatthefootofthehill.A.isusedtobeB.usedtohaveC.hasD.usedtobe8.Itwaswarm,soI__________mycoat.A.takeoffB.takeonC.tookofD.puton9.Thewindowwasopenandabird__________intotheroom.A.fliesB.flysC.flyedD.flew10.Bothmyparents__________borninTianjinandI__________borninBeijing.A.are;amB.was;wereC.were;wasD.did;did5.按要求變換句型1.XiaLindidsomewashingthismorning.→(一般疑問(wèn)句)_______________________________________________________________________________2.Wevisitedourfriendslastnight.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________3.Hehadlunchatschooleverydaylastyear.→(否定句)_______________________________________________________________________________4.Myauntvisitedourschoolthen.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________5.Therewassomeinkinthebottle.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________6.Theydidn’tlikethecity,either.→(變?yōu)榭隙ň洌______________________________________________________________________________7.Iwenttothatcitywithmymother.→(變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句并回答)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________8.Theyhadalotoffood.→(變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句并回答)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________9.Therewassomeraininthenorthlastmonth.→(變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句并回答)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________10.Ihadsomericefordinneryesterday.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________11.Therewerehundredsofstudentsontheplayground.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________12.IlivedinthecountrysidewhenIwasachild.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________13.Ilivedthereforabouttenyears.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________14.Helefthishometownattheageofsixteen.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________15.Myparentstraveledroundbytrain.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________16.Therearethreepiecesofpaperonthedesk.→(對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn))_______________________________________________________________________________17.Shehadlittlefoodforherdinner.→(變?yōu)榉匆庖蓡?wèn)句)_______________________________________________________________________________18.Mrs.Zhanglookedwelllastweek.→(變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句并回答)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________19.Thereusedtobealotoftrafficontheroad.→(變?yōu)榉穸ň洌______________________________________________________________________________20.Thestreetusedtobedirty.→(變?yōu)榉穸ň浜鸵话阋蓡?wèn)句并回答)______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________6.根據(jù)中文提示完成下列句子1.我度過(guò)了一個(gè)忙碌但卻刺激的周末。__________________________________________________excitingweekend.2.薩拉喜歡看書(shū)。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的書(shū)籍。Sarahlikes____________________.She__________abook____________________lastnight.3.彼得每天都練習(xí)彈吉他??墒亲蛱焖麤](méi)有練習(xí)。他為英語(yǔ)考試做準(zhǔn)備了。Peter__________theguitareveryday.Buthe____________________yesterday.He____________________theEnglishtest.4.A:上周六他們做什么了?B:他們做作業(yè)和購(gòu)物了。A:What__________they____________________Saturday?B:They____________________homeworkand____________________.5.為什么你昨晚沒(méi)有看電視?Why__________you__________TVlastnight?6.他在打掃教室的時(shí)候,發(fā)現(xiàn)地上有個(gè)手機(jī)。Whenhe__________theclassroom,he__________acellphoneonthefloor.

【課后作業(yè)】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.TomandMary___________(come)toChinalastmonth.2.Mike_________________(notgo)tobeduntil12o’clocklastnight.SoI_______(get)uplate.3.Mary__________(read)Englishyesterdaymorning.4.There_________(be)noonehereamomentago.5.I___________(call)Mikethismorning.6.Ilistenedbut___________(hear)nothing.7.Tom___________(begin)tolearnChineselastyear.8.Lastweekwe_________(pick)manyapplesonthefarm.9.Mymother________________(notdo)houseworkyesterday.10.ShewatchesTVeveryevening.Butshe_______________(notwatch)TVlastnight.11.________yourfather________(go)toworkeverydaylastyear?12.—Whattime_______you_______(get)toBeijingyesterday?—We__________(get)toBeijingat9:00intheevening.13.What__________(make)himcry(哭)justnow?14.Lastyeartheteacher___________(tell)usthattheearthmovesaroundthesun.15.There____________atelephonecallforyoujustnow.(be)16.There__________notenoughpeopletopickapplesthatday.(be)17.There_____________anyhospitals(醫(yī)院)inmyhometown(家鄉(xiāng))in1940.(benot)18.There____________enoughmilkathomelastweek,wasn’tthere?19.Eli____________toJapanlastweek.(move)20.–When_______you_________(come)toChina?-Lastyear.21.Didshe________(have)supperathome?22.Jack____________(notclean)theroomjustnow.23._________(be)itcoldinyourcityyesterday?24.Howmanypeople________(be)thereinyourclasslastterm?25.It________(be)hotyesterdayandmostchildren_______(be)outside.26.There________(be)afootballmatchonTVyesterdayevening,butI_________(have)notimetowatchit.27.Heatesomebreadand_________(drink)somemilk.28.________he__________(finish)hishomeworklastnight?29.I__________(be)tiredyesterday.30.I___________(gain)Artsdegreelastyear.31.What_________you___________(do)lastnight?32.Mygrandfather_________(leave)HongKongforNewYorkin1998.33.What_______he________(do)yesterday?34.LastweekI_______(buy)anewbike.35.He________(be)herejustnow.36.He__________(notfind)hiskeylastnight.37.Myfather__________(drink)alotofwineyesterday.38.________you________(finish)yourhomeworkyesterday?39.I________(eat)someeggsandbreadthismorning.40.Hermother__________(notgive)thegirlanypresent.二、改錯(cuò)題

1.HowisJaneyesterday?_____________________

2.Hegotoschoolbybuslastweek.____________________________3.Heoftengoeshomeat6:00lastmonth.____________________________4.Icanflykitessevenyearsago.______________________________5.Didyousawhimjustnow.____________________________________6.Tomwasn’twatchTVlastnight.____________________________________7.Ididn’tmyhomeworkyesterday.____________________________________8.Hewaitforyouthreehoursago.____________________________________9.Whofinditjustnow?________________________________________三、按要求變換句型。1.Fatherboughtmeanewbike.(同義句)Fatherbought______________________________me.2.Frankreadaninterestingbookabouthistory.(一般疑問(wèn)句)_______Frank_______aninterestingbookabouthistory?3.He’scleaninghisrooms.(劃線提問(wèn))________he_______?4.Whynotgooutforawalk?(同義句)_______________________outforawalk?5.ThomasspentRMB10onthisbook.(否定句)Thomas______________RMB10onthisbook.6.Myfamilywenttothebeachlastweek.(劃線提問(wèn))________________________family_______lastweek?7.Ididn’thaveanyfriends.(一般疑問(wèn)句)_______________have_______friends?8.IthinksheisLily’ssister.(否定句)____________________9.Sallyoftendoessomereadinginthemorning.(否定句)Sally_______often______somereadinginthemorning.10.Heisatall,thinboy.(劃線提問(wèn))______________he_______________?四:句型轉(zhuǎn)換

TheyreadEnglishlastnight.否定句:__________________________________________一般疑問(wèn)句:________________________________________肯定/否定回答:____________________________________對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn):____________________________________第12章動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要表達(dá)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài),在句子中由“主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式”來(lái)表達(dá)(“動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式”就是敘述過(guò)去事情的動(dòng)詞形式,構(gòu)成參見(jiàn)(第9章動(dòng)詞概說(shuō)))。本章分別講解be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)和行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí),并具體講解動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一些基本用法。典型例句:1.Hewalkstoschool.(他(現(xiàn)在經(jīng)常)步行上學(xué)。)典型例句:2.Hewalkedtoschool.(他步行去上學(xué)了。)說(shuō)明:典型例句1中的動(dòng)詞walks是現(xiàn)在式,表示目前習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動(dòng)作;典型例句2中的動(dòng)詞walked是過(guò)去式,敘述過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)的事情。1.be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)be動(dòng)詞(am/is/are)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí),請(qǐng)看下表:時(shí)態(tài)主語(yǔ)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)I(第一人稱單數(shù))amwashe,she,it(第三人稱單數(shù))iswasyou(第二人稱單、復(fù)數(shù))arewerewe,they(第一、三人稱復(fù)數(shù))arewerebe動(dòng)詞過(guò)去時(shí)的基本句型如下:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)+……否定句:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)+not+……一般疑問(wèn)句:be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(Was/Were)+主語(yǔ)+……?特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?Iwasbusyyesterday.(我昨天很忙。)(肯定句)Hewasbusyyesterday.(他昨天很忙。)(肯定句)Wewerebusybusyesterday.(我們昨天很忙。)(肯定句)Hewasnotbusyyesterday.(他昨天不忙。)(否定句)Wewerenotbusybusyesterday.(我們昨天不忙。)(否定句)Washebusyyesterday?(他昨天忙嗎?)(一般疑問(wèn)句)Wereyoubusyyesterday?(你昨天忙嗎?)(一般疑問(wèn)句)Whywashebusyyesterday?(他昨天為什么忙?)(特殊疑問(wèn)句)Whywereyoubusyyesterday?(你昨天為什么忙?)(特殊疑問(wèn)句)1.be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句句型:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)+……MikewasintheUnitedStateslastyear.(邁克去年在美國(guó)。)Iwasverytiredlastnight.(我昨天晚上很累。)Carlwasateacher.(卡爾以前是個(gè)老師。)Charleswasanengineer.(查爾斯以前是個(gè)工程師。)Youwereabsentfromschooltwodaysago.(兩天前你沒(méi)到校。)補(bǔ)充:Thereis/are...句型用于一般過(guò)去時(shí),需把is,are變?yōu)樗鼈兊倪^(guò)去式:Therewas/were...2.be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句句型:主語(yǔ)+be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)+not+……be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)否定句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,只要在be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)后面加上not就可以了。GarywasnotinCanadalastyear.(加里去年不在加拿大。)Iwasn’tbusytheotherday.(前幾天我不忙。)Mikewasn’tatschool.(邁克不在學(xué)校。)Dogsweren’tinthepark.(小狗們沒(méi)在公園里。)Thereweren’tanyboysintheroom.(房間里一個(gè)男孩也沒(méi)有。)Theyweren’tGermans.(他們不是德國(guó)人。)Mr.Robertwasn’tangrywithhisson’sfault.(羅伯特先生沒(méi)有為他兒子的失誤生氣。)說(shuō)明:否定式的wasnot,werenot大多使用縮寫形式wasn’t讀作[?w?znt]和weren’t讀作[w??nt]。3.be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句句型:be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(Was/Were)+主語(yǔ)+……?be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,只要把be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(was/were)調(diào)到主語(yǔ)前面即可。回答Was/Were+主語(yǔ)+……?句型時(shí),需用“Yes,...was/were.”或“No,...wasn’t/weren’t.”。A:Wassheateacher?(她以前是個(gè)老師嗎?)B:Yes,shewas.(是的,她是。)A:Weretheydoctors?(他們以前是醫(yī)生嗎?)B:Yes,theywere.(是的,他們是。)A:Wasyourfatherfreethismorning?(今天上午你爸有空嗎?)B:No,hewasn’t.(不,他沒(méi)空。)A:Weretheypresentatthemeeting?(他們出席會(huì)議了嗎?)B:Yes,theywere.(是的,他們出席了。)A:Wasthereagrocerystorenearhere?(以前這里附近有雜貨店嗎?)B:Yes,therewas.(是的,以前有。)A:Weretheyinthegarden?(他們?cè)诨▓@里嗎?)B:No,theyweren’t.(不,他們不在。)4.be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?be動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,只需將疑問(wèn)詞放在句首,后面跟一般疑問(wèn)句即可?;卮鹛厥庖蓡?wèn)句時(shí)不用yes或no,而是需要直接回答所問(wèn)的問(wèn)題。A:WherewasCecilialastyear?(去年塞西莉亞在哪兒?)B:ShewasinShanghai.(她在上海。)A:Wherewereyouyesterdaymorning?(你昨天上午在哪兒呢?)B:Iwasatschool.(我在學(xué)校。)A:Whatwasthereinthesuitcasethen?(那時(shí)旅行箱里有什么?)B:Therewasalaptop,acellphoneandaPSP.(有一臺(tái)筆記本電腦,一部手機(jī)和一個(gè)PSP游戲機(jī)。)be動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型和一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型的比較(以he為主語(yǔ))時(shí)態(tài)句型一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定句Heis...Hewas...否定句Heisn’t...Hewasn’t...一般疑問(wèn)句Ishe...?Washe...?特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞+ishe...?疑問(wèn)詞+washe...?2.行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式為was和were,而行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式一般是在動(dòng)詞后加-ed,我們把這類動(dòng)詞稱為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞。在加-ed時(shí),不同的規(guī)則動(dòng)詞在形式上還會(huì)有不同的變化規(guī)律。行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本句型如下:肯定句:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+……否定句:主語(yǔ)+didnot+動(dòng)詞原形+……一般疑問(wèn)句:Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+……?特殊疑問(wèn)句:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?Heplayedtennislastweek.(他上周打網(wǎng)球了。)(肯定句)Hedidnotplaytennislastweek.(上周他沒(méi)打網(wǎng)球。)(否定句)Didheplaytennislastweek?(上周他打網(wǎng)球了嗎?)(一般疑問(wèn)句)Wheredidheplaytennislastweek?(上周他在哪兒打網(wǎng)球?)(特殊疑問(wèn)句)重要:last可和表示時(shí)間的名詞連用:lastnight昨夜;lastweek上周;lastmonth上個(gè)月;lastyear去年;lastMonday上周一1.行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句句型:主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式+……行為動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)沒(méi)有人稱和數(shù)的變化。主語(yǔ)即使是第三人稱單數(shù),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也和其他人稱形式一樣。Hehadagoodtimeyesterday.(昨天他過(guò)得很高興。)Isawafilmlastweek.(上周我看了一部電影。)ShestudiedKoreantwoyearsago.(兩年前她學(xué)的韓語(yǔ)。)WesaidgoodbyetoRogeratfive.(5點(diǎn)鐘時(shí),我們和羅杰告別。)Walterfoundanamusingbook.(沃爾特找到一本有趣的書(shū)。)Williamrushedintotheroom.(威廉沖進(jìn)了房間。)注意:注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)變化。務(wù)必熟記下述動(dòng)詞的原形和過(guò)去式。(更多不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的變化參見(jiàn)(第9章動(dòng)詞概說(shuō)))read[ri:d]→read[red]say→saidknow→knewput→putgo→wentget→gothave→hadsee→sawtake→tookdo→didcome→camefind→found2.行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句句型:主語(yǔ)+didnot+動(dòng)詞原形+……行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)否定句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定句的結(jié)構(gòu)一樣,不論主語(yǔ)是第幾人稱,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),在主語(yǔ)后面加上didnot(而不是donot或doesnot)就可以了。否定式didnot常用縮寫形式didn’t,讀作[?d?dnt]。Wedidnothaveagoodtimeyesterday.(昨天我們過(guò)得不好。)Andrewdidn’thaveclassesthismorning.(今天上午安德魯沒(méi)課。)Ididn’tworkovertimeyesterday.(我昨天沒(méi)有加班。)Youdidn’tdoyourbesttodoit.(你沒(méi)有盡力去做。)Brantdidn’tdohishomework.(布蘭特沒(méi)做作業(yè)。)3.行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句句型:Did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+……?行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)一樣,無(wú)論主語(yǔ)是第幾人稱,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù),在主語(yǔ)前面加上Did即可。A:Didhegothere?(他去那兒了嗎?)B:Yes,hedid./No,hedidn’t.(是的,他去了。/不,他沒(méi)去。)A:Didyoutelephoneyouruncleyesterday?(你昨天給你叔叔打電話了嗎?)說(shuō)明:在過(guò)去時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句中,因?yàn)榫涫子昧薉id,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用原形。B:Yes,Idid.(是的,我打了。)/No,Ididn’t.(不,我沒(méi)打。)4.行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句句型:疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句?行為動(dòng)詞一般過(guò)去時(shí)特殊疑問(wèn)句的結(jié)構(gòu)和一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一樣,只需將疑問(wèn)詞放在句首,后面跟一般疑問(wèn)句即可。A:Howmanysubjectsdidyoustudylastterm?(上學(xué)期你們學(xué)習(xí)了幾門課?)比較:subject和lesson的區(qū)別表示具體的科目、學(xué)科,不能用lesson,而要用subject。表示教材上的第幾課,要用lesson,如:Lesson2。B:Westudiedsevensubjects.(我們學(xué)習(xí)了7門課。)A:Whendidyougetupthismorning?(今天早晨你幾點(diǎn)鐘起床的?)B:Atsix.(6點(diǎn)鐘。)A:Wheredidyoudownloadtheselisteningmaterials?(你從哪兒下載的這些聽(tīng)力資料?)B:IdownloadedthemfromtheEnglishwebsiteof21stCentury.(我從21世紀(jì)英語(yǔ)網(wǎng)站上下載的。)行為動(dòng)詞一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)句型和一般過(guò)去時(shí)句型的比較(以go為例):時(shí)態(tài)句型一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí)肯定句Igo...Hegoes...Iwent...Hewent...否定句Idon’tgo...Hedoesn’tgo...Ididn’tgo...Hedidn’tgo...一般疑問(wèn)句Doyougo...?Doeshego...?Didyougo...?Didhego...?特殊疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)詞+doyou...?疑問(wèn)詞+doeshe...?疑問(wèn)詞+didyou...?疑問(wèn)詞+didhe...?3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)的基本用法1.表示在過(guò)去某一時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況(1)帶有確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)以下的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)常用于一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子中。yesterday昨天twoweeksago兩周前l(fā)astyear去年theotherday前幾天onceuponatime很久以前justnow剛才intheolddays過(guò)去的日子里whenIwaseightyearsold當(dāng)我8歲時(shí)Iwenttoschoolonfootyesterday.(我昨天是步行去的學(xué)校。)DidyoutraveltoHongKongtheotherday?(前幾天,你們?nèi)ハ愀勐糜瘟藛??)Heleftjustnow.(他剛剛離開(kāi)。)LeiFengwasagoodsolider.(雷鋒是個(gè)好戰(zhàn)士。)ThomasEdisonwasoneoftheworld’sleadinginventors.(托馬斯·愛(ài)迪生是世界一流的發(fā)明家。)補(bǔ)充:在談到歷史人物或已去世的人物的情況時(shí),多用過(guò)去時(shí)。(2)沒(méi)有確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)有些句子雖然沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ),但實(shí)際上是指過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Ithoughtyouwereill.(我以為你病了呢。)(這句話說(shuō)明在說(shuō)話之前我以為你病了,但是現(xiàn)在我知道你沒(méi)有?。㊣thoughtyouwantedtohavesomecakes.(我以為你想要吃一些蛋糕。)(用過(guò)去時(shí)作試探性的詢句、請(qǐng)求、建議等)2.表示過(guò)去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)?;蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作一般過(guò)去時(shí)還表示過(guò)去的習(xí)慣或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,過(guò)去持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間的行為或過(guò)去曾經(jīng)存在過(guò)的狀態(tài),常與always(總是),never(從不)等連用。Shealwayscarriedanumbrella.(她過(guò)去總是帶著一把傘。)(只是說(shuō)明她過(guò)去的動(dòng)作,不表明她現(xiàn)在是否常帶著一把傘)Shealwayscarriesanumbrella.(她老是帶著一把傘。)(說(shuō)明這是她的習(xí)慣,表明她現(xiàn)在仍然習(xí)慣總帶著一把傘)Ineverdrankalcohol.(我以前從不喝酒。)(不涉及現(xiàn)在,不說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在是否喝酒)3.表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作當(dāng)表示過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作時(shí),往往沒(méi)有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),要通過(guò)上下文來(lái)判定是否用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Theboyopenedhiseyesforamoment,lookedatthecaptain,andthendied.(那男孩的眼睛張開(kāi)了一會(huì)兒,看看船長(zhǎng),然后就死了。)(open,look和die是在過(guò)去連續(xù)發(fā)生的三個(gè)動(dòng)作,所以都要用過(guò)去時(shí))Joewaslate.Hedressedhimselfquickly,rushedoutofthehouseandrantotheschool.(喬起晚了。他迅速穿上衣服,沖出家門,向?qū)W校跑去。)4.用于虛擬語(yǔ)氣,可指現(xiàn)在或?qū)?lái)的情況Wouldyoutryitagainifyouhadasecondchance?(如果還有一次機(jī)會(huì),你想再試一次嗎?)IfIwereyou,Iwoulddoitinanotherway.(如果我是你,我會(huì)用另一種方式做。)5.如果強(qiáng)調(diào)已經(jīng)終止的習(xí)慣時(shí)要用usedtoPaulusedtodrink.(保羅過(guò)去經(jīng)常喝酒。)(意味著他現(xiàn)在不喝酒了,喝酒這個(gè)動(dòng)作終止了)Iusedtotakeawalkaftersupper.(我過(guò)去總是在晚飯后散步。)(意味著我現(xiàn)在不在晚飯后散步了)Iusedtoenjoygardening,butIdon’tlikeitanymore.(以前我很喜歡園藝,但現(xiàn)在一點(diǎn)兒也不喜歡。)Hedidn’tusetosmoke.(以前他不常抽煙。)(否定句)A:Didheusetosmoke?(以前他常抽煙嗎?)(一般疑問(wèn)句)B:Yes,hedid.(是的,他常抽。)/No,hedidn’t.(不,他不常抽。)補(bǔ)充:usednot=usedn’t[?ju:snt]Heusednottosmoke.(他過(guò)去不抽煙。)Usedhetosmoke?(他過(guò)去抽煙嗎?)比較:usedto和would的區(qū)別usedto表示過(guò)去常做而現(xiàn)在已終止(不做)的動(dòng)作,強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系;而would只說(shuō)明過(guò)去的動(dòng)作習(xí)慣,和現(xiàn)在沒(méi)關(guān)系,這個(gè)動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在也許終止,也許還在繼續(xù)。Hewouldtakeawalkaftersupper.(他過(guò)去總是在晚飯后散步。)(和現(xiàn)在沒(méi)關(guān)系,也許他現(xiàn)在還在晚飯后散步,也許不)另外,usedto不必帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ),而would是表示在過(guò)去某一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的某種習(xí)慣做法,所以要帶時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。Heusedtodrinkalot.(他過(guò)去總是喝很多酒。)Hewoulddrinkalotwhenhewasyoung.(他年輕時(shí),很能喝酒。)注意:辨別下面一組句子的正誤。LiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning.把一般過(guò)去時(shí)的肯定句變?yōu)橐话阋蓡?wèn)句:→(?)DidLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?(李明今天早晨學(xué)英語(yǔ)了嗎?)→(×)DidLiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning?(行為動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用原形)→(×)DoesLiMingstudyEnglishthismorning?(時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)該用原句子時(shí)態(tài))→(×)WasLiMingstudiedEnglishthismorning?(助動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用did,而行為動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用原形)CommonMistakes(注意!失分陷阱!)陷阱例題①A:When__________Jessy__________toNewYork?B:Yesterday.【武漢中考】A.does;getB.did;getC.has;gotD.had;got句意提示:A:杰西什么時(shí)候到的紐約?B:昨天。陷阱追擊:動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)主要表示過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如果沒(méi)有掌握好一般過(guò)去時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu),則容易誤選。正確解析:根據(jù)答語(yǔ)“yesterday(昨天)”可以判斷應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)提問(wèn)。一般過(guò)去時(shí)的疑問(wèn)句結(jié)構(gòu),無(wú)論主語(yǔ)是第幾人稱,單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù),在主語(yǔ)前面加上did即可,且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用原形。正確答案為B。陷阱例題②Edward,youplaysowell.ButI__________youplayedthepiano.【海南中考】A.didn’tknowB.hadn’tknownC.don’tknowD.haven’tknown句意提示:愛(ài)德華,你彈得真好。但是我以前還不知道你彈鋼琴呢。陷阱追擊:本題考查一般過(guò)去時(shí)的否定句。一般過(guò)去時(shí)否定句的基本句型是“主語(yǔ)+didnot+動(dòng)詞原形+……”。如果沒(méi)有掌握好這一基本句型,則容易誤選。正確解析:根據(jù)句意可知,“不知道你彈鋼琴”是過(guò)去的事,現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)知道了,所以應(yīng)該用一般過(guò)去時(shí)表達(dá)。正確答案為A。陷阱例題③Itwasgreat!I__________manyoldfriendsattheparty.【瀘州中考】A.meetB.metC.meeting句意提示:太棒了

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