非謂語(yǔ)1．非謂語(yǔ):在句子中不作謂語(yǔ),而做其它的成分,比如主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)等。一、不定式todo在句中所作的成分:⑴主語(yǔ):TospeakEnglishisnoteasyforus.講英語(yǔ)對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)不容易.當(dāng)不定式作主語(yǔ)時(shí),為了避免頭重腳輕的感覺(jué)我們常常用it作形式主語(yǔ),而把不定式放在后面.ItisnoteasyforustospeakEnglish.構(gòu)成的句型是:Itis+adj.(形容詞)+(forsb.)+todo做某事對(duì)于某人來(lái)說(shuō)是……⑵表語(yǔ):Myworkistocleantheroomeveryday.我的工作是每天打掃這間屋子.⑶賓語(yǔ):---Whatdoesheliketoplay?他喜歡做什么運(yùn)動(dòng)?---Helikestoplaybasketball.他喜歡打籃球.⑷賓補(bǔ):SheaskedmenottospeakChineseinanEnglishclass.她讓我在英語(yǔ)課上不要講漢語(yǔ).一般是ask/tellsb(not)+todosth.叫/告訴某人不要做某事在let,make,see,hear,watch等使役、感觀動(dòng)詞后,不定式省略to(裸不定式)Eg:IsawTomgoupstairs.我看到湯姆上樓了.⑸定語(yǔ):Haveyougotanythingtosay?你有要說(shuō)的嗎?不定式作定語(yǔ),要放在所修飾詞的后面.⑹狀語(yǔ):I’msorrytotroubleyou.(表原因)很抱歉,給你添麻煩了.IwenttothelibrarytostudyEnglish.(表目的)我去圖書(shū)館去學(xué)英語(yǔ)了.注意:常見(jiàn)的帶to的不定式有:want,hope,wish,plan,decide,allow,wouldlike,expect,refuse,choose,promise,pretend,intend,agree,happen?？嫉膬蓚€(gè)句型:Ask/tellsb(not)+todo+sth叫某人去做/不做某事2.裸不定式的常用句型1.whynot/whydon’tyou…Whynotgowithus?為什么不和我們一起去呢？2.hadbetter(not)do…Youhadbetternottakeabus.你最好別乘公共汽車(chē)。3.Could/Would/Willyouplease(not)do…4.使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞let,make,see,hear,watchThebossmadethemworkthewholenight.老板讓他們工作了一整夜.3.特殊疑問(wèn)詞+不定式動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問(wèn)代詞(who,what,which)、疑問(wèn)副詞（when,how,why,where）等連用構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)，在句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)等成分。如：Theteacheristellingthestudentswhattodo.Hedidn’tknowwheretogo.二、doing1.主語(yǔ)：Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.吃得太多對(duì)你的健康有害。2.動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ):Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.我非常喜歡打籃球.介詞賓語(yǔ):Stampsareusedforsendingletters.郵票是被用來(lái)寄信的.3.表語(yǔ):Hishobbyiscollectingstamps.他的愛(ài)好是收集郵票.4.定語(yǔ):Sheisinthereadingroom.她在閱覽室.Weshouldimproveourteachingmethods.我們應(yīng)該改進(jìn)教學(xué)方法.注意:英語(yǔ)中有一些動(dòng)詞后面常跟動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ),常見(jiàn)的有:finish,enjoy,mind,miss,beworth,havefun,havetrouble/problem(in),spend,feellike,beusedto等.我們可以按下面的順口溜記憶這些單詞.完成實(shí)踐值得忙finish,practise,beworth,bebusy繼續(xù)習(xí)慣不放棄keepon,beusedto,giveup考慮建議不禁想consider,suggest,can’thelp,feellike喜歡思念要介意enjoy,miss,mindEg:Ienjoylisteningtomusic.我喜歡聽(tīng)音樂(lè).Hedoesn’tfeellikedoinghishomework.他不喜歡做作業(yè).三、有些動(dòng)詞詞組后既可以加不定式又可以跟動(dòng)名詞，但意義是有區(qū)別的。stoptodo停下來(lái)去做某事forgettodo忘記做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）1.2.stopdoing停止做某事forgetdoing忘記做過(guò)某事(動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生)remembertodosth記住要做某事（動(dòng)作未發(fā)生）trytodosth努力去做某事3.4.rememberdoing記得做過(guò)某事（動(dòng)作已發(fā)生）trydoingsth試著做某事goontodo做完一件事,接著做另一件事5. goondoing繼續(xù)不停地做某事練習(xí):1.Stop_________please.請(qǐng)不要說(shuō)話.2.Stop_________aboutitforamoment.停下來(lái)想一想.3.Iremember_________yourletter.我記得把你的信寄出去了.4.Pleaseremember__________myletter.請(qǐng)記住把我的信寄走.5.Iforgot_________myhomework.我忘記帶作業(yè)了.6.Iforgot_________myhomework.我忘記已把作業(yè)本帶來(lái)了.7.Hetried________Englishtous.他試著用英語(yǔ)和我們談話.8.Pleasetry_________betternexttime.下次設(shè)法做得更好.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí)題一、Putthefollowingsentencesintothepassivevoice1.PeoplespeakEnglishinmanycountries.2.Webuiltthisbridgelastyear.3.Thetigerinthezoofrightenedthelittlegirl.4.XiaoLiuhasinvitedyoutoalunchparty.5.Youmustnottakethesemagazinesoutofthereading-room.6.Weshalldiscusstheproblemattomorrow’smeeting.7.Peoplewillneverforgettheaccident.8.Theyarerepairingthecarinthegarage.9.Someonemusthaveturnedonthelightwithoutyournotice.10.Theyhavefoundwaystomakewastewaterclean.11.Theygavehimamedalforhiswonderfulwork.12.Thedoctorwillaskthepatie