《工業(yè)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)導(dǎo)論》AnIntroductiontoIndustrialInternetLecturer：ZhouHaifei無線通信5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信無線通信，是指采用無線電磁波作為數(shù)據(jù)“載體”進行信息傳輸?shù)耐ㄐ欧绞?。Wirelesscommunication5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationWirelesscommunicationreferstoacommunicationmethodthatuseswirelesselectromagneticwavesasadata“carrier”forinformationtransmission.存在問題5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信無線通信方式也存在一些問題，例如，在工業(yè)現(xiàn)場中，易受環(huán)境中各種無線電磁波干擾，其傳輸速率與可靠性相比有線傳輸技術(shù)存在一定差距。Problems5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationTherearealsosomeproblemsofwirelesscommunicationmethods.Forexample,inindustrialsites,theyareeasytobeinterferedbyvariouswirelesselectromagneticwavesintheenvironment.Comparedwithwiredtransmissiontechnology,thereisacertaingapbetweenitstransmissionrateandreliability.頻率范圍5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信根據(jù)國際電信聯(lián)盟定義，人類可以識別使用的電磁波頻率范圍從3kHz~300GHz。目前，用于無線電通信的頻率范圍一般為300MHz~30GHz。FrequencyRange5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationAccordingtothedefinitionoftheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion,thefrequencyrangeofelectromagneticwavesthathumanscanrecognizeanduserangesfrom3kHzto300GHz.Atpresent,thefrequencyrangeusedforradiocommunicationisgenerally300MHz~30GHz.近距離/遠距離5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信常見的無線通信方式及技術(shù)分為兩種：近距離無線通信技術(shù)、遠距離無線通信技術(shù)。short-distance/long-distance5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationCommonwirelesscommunicationtechnologiesaredividedintotwotypes:short-distanceandlong-distancewirelesscommunicationtechnology.近距離無線通信技術(shù)5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信近距離無線通信技術(shù)，是指通信雙方通過無線電波傳輸數(shù)據(jù)，并且傳輸距離在較近的范圍內(nèi)，其應(yīng)用范圍非常廣泛。Short-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnology5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationShort-rangewirelesscommunicationtechnologymeansthatbothpartiesincommunicationuseradiowavestotransmitdata,andthetransmissiondistanceiswithinarelativelycloserange.Itiswidelyused.ZigBee5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信ZigBee，也稱紫蜂。ZigBee是一種新興的短距離、低速率、低功耗無線通信技術(shù)，其標準協(xié)議底層采用IEEE802.15.4標準規(guī)范的媒體訪問層與物理層。ZigBee5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationZigBeeisanemergingwirelesscommunicationtechnologyfeaturingshort-distance,low-rateandlow-powerconsumption,anditsstandardprotocolbottomlayeradoptsthemediaaccessandphysicallayeroftheIEEE802.15.4standard.ZigBee5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信ZigBee5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationBluetooth5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信Bluetooth，又稱藍牙。支持設(shè)備近距離通信的無線電技術(shù)，支持移動通信終端設(shè)備之間的通信，簡化設(shè)備與Internet網(wǎng)絡(luò)之間的通信，使得數(shù)據(jù)傳輸變得更加迅速高效。Bluetooth5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationBluetoothsupportstheshort-rangecommunicationradiotechnologyofthedevice,supportsthecommunicationbetweenmobilecommunicationterminaldevices,whichcansimplifythecommunicationbetweenthedeviceandtheInternet,andmakedatatransmissionmorerapidandefficient.Bluetooth5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信Bluetooth5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationWi-Fi5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信Wi-Fi，又稱無線寬帶。能夠在百米范圍內(nèi)支持設(shè)備互聯(lián)接入，其技術(shù)標準為IEEE802.11。Wi-Fi的工作頻段分為2.4GHz和5GHz。Wi-Fi5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationWi-Fi,alsoknownaswirelessbroadband.Itcansupportdeviceinterconnectionandaccesswithin100meters,anditstechnicalstandardisIEEE802.11.TheworkingfrequencybandofWi-Fiisdividedinto2.4GHzand5GHz.Wi-Fi5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信Wi-Fi5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationUWB5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信UWB，又稱超寬帶。是一種無載波通信技術(shù)，利用納秒至微微秒級的非正弦波窄脈沖傳輸數(shù)據(jù)，其傳輸距離通常在10米以內(nèi)。UWB5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationUWB,alsoknownasultra-wideband.Itisacarrier-freecommunicationtechnologythatusesnanosecondtopicosecondnon-sinewavenarrowpulsestotransmitdata,anditstransmissiondistanceisusuallywithin10meters.UWB5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信UWB5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationNFC5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信NFC，又稱近場通信。是一種近距離高頻無線通信技術(shù)，NFC的工作頻率為13.56MHz，由13.56MHz的RFID技術(shù)發(fā)展而來。NFC5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationNFC,alsoknownasnearfieldcommunication.Itisashort-distancehigh-frequencywirelesscommunicationtechnology.TheoperatingfrequencyofNFCis13.56MHz,whichisdevelopedfrom13.56MHzRFIDtechnology.遠距離無線通信技術(shù)5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信遠距離無線通信技術(shù)，是指通信雙方通過無線電波傳輸數(shù)據(jù)，并且傳輸距離較遠，用于克服通信雙方空間距離，及物理位置不宜鋪設(shè)線路的情況。long-distancewirelesscommunicationtechnology5.2Wirelessnetworkcommunicationlong-distancewirelesscommunicationtechnologyreferstothesituationwherethetwopartiesincommunicationtransmitdatathroughradiowaveandthetransmissiondistanceisrelativelylong.Itisusedtodealwiththespatialdistancebetweenthetwopartiesandthephysicallocationisnotsuitableforlayinglines.GPRS5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信GPRS，又稱通用分組無線業(yè)務(wù)。是2G向3G的過渡的技術(shù)，基于GSM系統(tǒng)上發(fā)展的承載業(yè)務(wù)，為GSM用戶提供分組形式的數(shù)據(jù)業(yè)務(wù)。GPRS5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationGPRS,alsoknownasGeneralPacketRadioService.Itisatransitiontechnologyfrom2Gto3G,basedonthebearerservicedevelopedontheGSMsystem,anditprovidesGSMuserswithpacketdataservices.GPRS5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信GPRS5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationNB-IoT5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信NB-IoT，又稱窄帶物聯(lián)網(wǎng)。是一種低功耗、遠距離無線通信技術(shù)，由電信運營商提供付費頻段服務(wù)，其具備的覆蓋范圍廣、大容量連接能力、低功耗、模塊成本低特點，使其在物聯(lián)網(wǎng)市場得到廣泛的使用。NB-IoT5.2WirelessnetworkcommunicationNB-IoT,alsoknownasNarrowbandInternetofThings.Itisalow-powerconsumption,long-distancewirelesscommunicationtechnologythatisprovidedbytelecomoperatorswithpaidfrequencybandservices.Itswidecoverage,large-capacityconnectioncapability,lowpowerconsumption,andlowmodulecostmakeitwidelyusedintheInternetofThingsmarket.GPRS5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信GPRS5.2Wirelessnetworkcommunication5G5.2無線網(wǎng)絡(luò)通信5G，又稱第五代移動通信技術(shù)。是最新一代蜂窩移動通信技術(shù)。性能目標：高數(shù)據(jù)速率、減少延遲、節(jié)省能源、降低成本、提高系統(tǒng)容量和大規(guī)模設(shè)備連接。5G5.2Wirelessnetworkcommunication5G,alsoknownasthefifth-generationmobilecommunicationtechnology.Itisthelatestgenerationofcellularmobilecommunicationtechnology.5