12/12Unit1名師單元測試卷【教材版本與冊數(shù)】人教版高中英語必修四【單元名稱】Unit1GreatScientistsA組基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)Ⅰ.用所給單詞的正確形式填空1．Manychildrenfellillbecauseofhavingdrunkthewater________(pollute)bythechemicalfactory.2．In________(conclude)，youmustconvincemeofyourabilitybeforeyouareemployed.3．Takecarenottokeepyourchildren________(expose)tobadbooks，toomanycomputergamesorwebsites.4．Itis________(challenge)formetopickoutoneofmyformerclassmatesfromacrowdofpeople.5．Whenenteringtheroom，wefoundthegirl________(absorb)inreadinganovel.6．Therewasa________(puzzle)lookonherface，soIrepeatedthequestion.7．Pricesofdailygoods________(buy)throughtheInternetcanbelowerthanthoseinastore.8．—Howdoyoudealwiththedisagreementbetweenthecompanyandthecustomers?—Thekeyto________(solve)theproblemistomeetthedemand________(make)bythecustomers.9．“Things________(lose)nevercomeagain！”Icouldn'thelptalkingtomyself.10．“It'ssuchaniceplace.”Mothersaidasshesatatthetable________(reserve)forcustomers.11．Wethinkthefilm________(set)intheMiddleAgesinEuropeisworthseeingasecondtime.12．Nobodywantstomakefriendswiththeboy________(suspect)ofhavingstolenmoney.13．Themanager'sdemandwasthatthedata________(refer)toinhisreport________(e-mail)toMr.Brownwithoutdelay.14．Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain____________(seat)astheplanewasmakingalanding.15．Themusicofthefilm________(play)byhimsoundsso________(excite)．Ⅱ.選用短語的適當(dāng)形式填空curesbof；blamefor；exposeto；attendto；(be)absorbedin；makesense；apartfrom；contributeto；workon；base...on...1．Don'tkeepyourskin________thesunlightdirectly.2．Hewastoblamefortheaccident.Sohe________it.3．Deeply________hernewnovels，theyoungwriterkeptthinkingandwritingforadozenhoursinherstudy.4．Thismedicine________hiscough.5．Don'tworry.I'll________thematter.6．Doessmoking________lungcancer?7．Whichbookswillyouborrow，________thisone?8．Ireallythinkhisreasonfordoingit________．9．Thewriteris________hisnewbook.10．Thismovie________atruestory.Ⅲ.完成句子1．________________willbeofgreatusetothepeopleinthefloodedareas.你所捐獻的東西將對洪澇災(zāi)區(qū)的人們非常有用。2．Whenyoudecidetostartafamily，you________yourlovedone.Youshouldn'tturnyourbackonthepersonwholovesyou.當(dāng)你決定建立一個家庭時，你會對愛人做出承諾。你不應(yīng)該拋棄愛你的人。3．__________________________________fortheold，wealsoreadnewspapersforthemandhadchatswiththem.除了打掃庭院和為老人鋪床，我們還給他們讀報紙或者跟他們聊天。4．__________________________________readingbooks，hedoesn'tlikebeingdisturbed.無論他什么時候全神貫注地看書都不喜歡被打擾。5．Shespedhome________________thatherhusbandfellillsuddenly.剛一聽說丈夫突然病倒，她便馬上奔回家去了。B組能力提升Ⅰ.閱讀理解閱讀下面的短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項中選出最佳選項。Inventor，physicist，surveyor，astronomer，biologist，artist...RobertHookewasalltheseandmore.Somesayhewasthegreatestexperimentalscientistofthe17thcentury.Inthecourseofhiswork，hecooperatedwithfamousmenofsciencelikeIsaacNewton，andthegreatarchitect，ChristopherWren.Hooke'searlyeducationbeganathome，undertheguidanceofhisfather.HeenteredWestminsterSchoolattheageof13，andfromtherewenttoOxford，wherehecameincontactwithsomeofthebestscientistsinEngland.Hookeimpressedthemwithhisskillsatdesigningexperimentsandinventinginstruments.In1662，attheageof28，hewasnamedCuratorofExperimentsatthenewlyformedRoyalSocietyofLondon－meaningthathewasresponsiblefordemonstrating(展示)newexperimentsatthesociety'sweeklymeeting.Hookeacceptedthejob，eventhoughheknewthatthesocietyhadnomoneytopayhim!Watchinglivingthingsthroughamicroscope(顯微鏡)wasoneofhisfavouritepastimes(消遣)．Heinventedacompoundmicroscopeforthispurpose.Onedaywhileobservingacork(軟木塞)underamicroscope，hesawhoneycomb－likestructures.Therewerecells－thesmallestunitsoflife.Infact，itwasHookewhoinventedtheterm“cell”asthebox-likecellsofthecorkremindedhimofthecellsofamonastery(修道院)．AnotherachievementofHooke'swashisbookMicrographia，whichintroducedtheenormouspotential(潛力)ofthemicroscope.Itcontainsfascinatingdrawingsofthethinghesawunderthemicroscope.Thebookalsoincludes，amongotherthings，ideasongravity，lightandcombustion(燃燒)thatmayhavehelpedscientistslikeNewtonwhentheyweredevelopingtheirowntheoriesonthesephenomena(現(xiàn)象)．Hookemadeavaluablecontributiontoastronomytoo.Acrater(火山口)onthemoonisnamedafterhiminhonourofhisservicestothisbranchofscience.1．WecaninferfromParagraph2thatHookeis________．A．friendlyB．sociableC．creative D．helpful2．WhichisthepossiblereasonwhyHookeacceptedthejobasCuratorofExperiments?A．Helikeddesigningexperiments.B．Hisfamilyneededhissupport.C．HewantedtopleasethefamousscientistsinEngland.D．Hisparentscouldn'taffordhiseducation.3．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A．HookewenttoOxfordin1645.B．HookewaswellpaidintheRoyalSocietyofLondon.C．Hookemadeacontributiontomedicine.D．Hooke'sbookMicrographiamayhavehelpedNewton.4．Thelastparagraphistoprovethat________．A．Hookewasthegreatestexperimentalscientistofthe17thcenturyB．HookewasgoodatmakingdiscoveriesC．Hooke'scontributionswerenotlimitedtoonefieldD．HookewasoneofthegreatestastronomersⅡ.七選五閱讀根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項?！癟hreeApples”changedtheworld.Thefirstoneseduced(引誘)Eve.ThesecondoneawakenedNewton.____5____HerearesomefamouswordsfromSteveJobstoshare.OnCharacterI'mtheonlyperson.Iknowthat'slostaquarterofabilliondollarsinoneyear.____6____OnGoodDesignThat'sbeenoneofmymottoes—focusandsimplicity.Simplecanbeharderthancomplex—Youhavetoworkhardtogetyourthinkingcleantomakeitsimple.Butit'sworthitintheendbecauseonceyougetthere，youcanmovemountains.OnHisOutlook7____Goingtobedatnightsayingwe'vedonesomethingwonderful，that'swhatmatterstome.OnYourWorkingLifeYourworkistofillalargepartofyourlife，andtheonlywaytobetrulysatisfiedistodowhatyoubelieveisgreatwork.____8____Ifyouhaven'tfoundit，keeplooking.Don'tsettle.OntheImportanceofDeathNoonewantstodie.Evenpeoplewhowanttogotoheavendon'twanttodietogetthere.____9____Noonehaseverescapedit.Andthatisasitshouldbe，becausedeathisverylikelythesinglebestinventionoflife.Itislife'schangeagent.Itclearsouttheoldtomakewayforthenew.Rightnowthenewisyou，butsomedaynottoolongfromnow，youwillgraduallybecometheoldandbeclearedaway.A．It'sverycharacter-building.B．Thisisnotaone-manshow.C．ThethirdonewasinthehandsofSteveJobs.D．Andyetdeathisthedestinationweallshare.E．Andtheonlywaytodogreatworkistolovewhatyoudo.F．Beingtherichestmaninthecemetery(墓地)doesn'tmattertome.G．It'sreallyhardtodesignproductsbyfocusingongroups.Ⅲ.完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。BillGateswasbornonOctober28，1955inafamilyhavingrichbusiness，politicalandcommunityservice__1__．Hisgreatgrandfatherwasamayor，hisgrandfatherwasvicepresidentofnationalbankandhisfatherwasalawyer.Bill__2__believesinhardwork.Hebelievesthatifyouareintelligentandknowhowto__3__yourintelligence，youcanachieveanything.FromchildhoodBillwasambitious，intelligentand__4__．These__5__helpedhimtogettoppositioninthe__6__hechose.Inschool，hehadanexcellentrecordinmathsandscience.__7__hewasgettingveryboredinschoolandhisparentsknewit，sotheyalwaystriedto__8__himwithmoreinformationtokeephimbusy.Bill'sparentscametoknowtheirson'sintelligenceanddecidedtohelphimgotoaprivateschool.Itwasaveryimportant__9__inBillGate'slifewherehewasfirst__10__toacomputer.BillGatesandhisfriendswerevery__11__computerandformed“ProgrammersGroup”inlate1968.In1973，helefthomeforHarvardUniversity.Hedidn'tknowwhattodo，sohe__12__hisnameforprelaw.Hetookthe__13__freshmancourseswiththeexceptionofsigningupforoneofHarvard's__14__mathscourses.Hedidwelloverthere，buthecouldn'tfinditinteresting，either.Withinayear，BillGates__15__fromHarvard.ThenheformedMicrosoft.Microsoft'svisionis“AcomputeroneverydeskandMicrosoftsoftwareoneverycomputer”．Billworksveryhard__16__hisdream.Hisbeliefinhighintelligenceandhardworkhasputhimwhereheistoday.Hedoesnotbelievein__17__orGod，butjusthardworkandcompetitiveness.Bill'sMicrosoftisgood__18__forothersoftwarecompanies.BillGatesisquitea(n)__19__personwhenitcomestocomputers，Internetandanykindoffunding.Heoncedonated38milliondollarsforthebuildingofacomputerinstituteatStanfordUniversity.Andheplansto__20__95%ofallhisearningswhenheisoldandgray.1.A.foreground B.battleground C.surroundings D.background2.A.strongly B.weakly C.seriously D.deliberately3.A.useup B.consume C.apply D.waste4.A.generous B.competitive C.kind D.friendly5.A.qualifications B.disadvantages C.qualities D.quantity6.A.plant B.prof C.Aslongas D.Since8.A.impress B.improve C.feed D.refresh9.A.purpose B.decision C.promise D.goal10.A.introduced B.encouraged C.impressed D.imposed11.A.tiredwith B.interestedin C.richin D.boredwith12.A.wrote B.registered C.enrolled D.got13.A.special B.specific C.unimportant D.standard14.A.mostinterestingB.toughest C.favorite D.popular15.A.pickedout B.droppedout C.setout D.tookout16.A.toachieve B.achieving C.dreaming D.todream17.A.tears B.passion C.luck D.efforts18.A.friend B.volunteer C.victim D.competition19.A.mean B.generous C.optimistic D.outstanding20.A.giveaway B.giveout C.giveback D.giveoffⅣ.短文改錯Mycarjustwouldn’tmoveanyfurther.Itwascompletedead，andIwasafewmilesfarawayfromanywhereonacold，wetnight.IdecidedwalkaroundalittlebeforeacceptingI’dhavetospendthenightinthecar.MaybeIfindatelephone.Actually，Ididn’thavetowalkfarbeforeIfoundasmallhousestandingafieldwithalightfromthesittingroom.Iknockedatthedoorandwaswhenapleasantoldmanopenedthedoorlistenedtomystorycarefully.Hesaidhehadnotelephone，andwasn’tonewithinwalkingdistance，offeredtocomeandlookatmycar.Ⅴ.書面表達目前，學(xué)校存在少數(shù)學(xué)生考試作弊的現(xiàn)象。某英文雜志社擬對此現(xiàn)象向中學(xué)生征文，標(biāo)題為“MyOpiniononCheatinginExaminations”。請根據(jù)下列提示用英語寫一篇征文稿。作弊的主要原因考試偏多、偏難不用功，懶惰取悅父母、老師個人看法作弊不對，違反校規(guī)要誠實，努力學(xué)習(xí)……注意：1.短文必須包括所有內(nèi)容要點，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；2．短文標(biāo)題與開頭已寫好，但不計入總詞數(shù)；3．詞數(shù)100左右。MyOpiniononCheatinginExaminationsNowadaysmoreandmorestudentsarefoundtocheatintheexams.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案A組基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)Ⅰ.polluted2.conclusion3.exposed4.challenging5.absorbed6.puzzled7.bought8.solvingmade9.lost10.reserved11.set12.suspected13.referred(should)bee-mailed14.seated15.playedexcitingⅡ.exposedto2.wasblamedfor3.absorbedin4.curedhimof5.attendto6.contributeto7.apartfrom8.makessense9.workingon10.isbasedonⅢ.Whatyouhavecontributed2.makeacommitmentto3.Apartfromcleaningtheyardandmakingupthebeds4.Whenever/Nomatterwhen(hewas)absorbedin5.themomentshewastoldB組能力提升Ⅰ.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了羅伯特·胡克的生平和成就。羅伯特·胡克是發(fā)明家、物理學(xué)家、調(diào)查員、天文學(xué)家、生物學(xué)家。他在工作中，曾經(jīng)與牛頓合作過。有這么多光環(huán)的一位科學(xué)家，大家是不是充滿了好奇？快來讀文章，對他做個深入了解吧！1.C推理判斷題。由第二段中的“Hookeimpressedthemwithhisskillsatdesigningexperimentsandinventinginstruments.”可知Hooke很有“創(chuàng)造力”，故C項正確。2.A推理判斷題。第二段中提到“...hisskillsatdesigningexperimentsandinventinginstruments”，說明他喜歡并擅長設(shè)計實驗，所以即使這份工作沒有報酬，他也接受了。3.D細節(jié)理解題。由文章倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話“Thebookalsoincludes，amongotherthings，ideasongravity，lightandcombustionthatmayhavehelpedscientistslikeNewtonwhentheyweredevelopingtheirowntheoriesonthesephenomena.”可知D項正確。4.C推理判斷題。文章第三段提到Hooke發(fā)明了復(fù)合顯微鏡，觀察到了細胞，倒數(shù)第二段提到他寫的書對牛頓等科學(xué)家有很大的幫助，最后一段又提到他在天文學(xué)方面也做出了重大的貢獻，由此可推知他的貢獻不僅僅是在一個領(lǐng)域，故C項正確。Ⅱ.5.C6.A7.F8.E9.DⅢ.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了比爾·蓋茨的家庭背景、受教育經(jīng)歷以及創(chuàng)業(yè)經(jīng)歷。1.D由下文的介紹來看，這里說的是蓋茨的家庭背景。background出身背景；foreground前景；battleground戰(zhàn)場；surroundings周圍的情況。2.A由下文可以看出，比爾·蓋茨堅信勤奮工作(可以使人成功)。strongly堅定地；weakly弱地；seriously嚴(yán)重地；deliberately故意地。3.C句意為：如果你聰明，并且知道如何應(yīng)用你的智慧，你就能成功。apply在這里表示應(yīng)用；useup用光；consume消耗；waste浪費。4.B這幾個詞都可以描述蓋茨，但從下一句可以看出，這里說的是決定他事業(yè)成功的方面，所以應(yīng)該選擇competitive(有競爭力的)。而generous慷慨的；kind善良的；friendly友好的，均不合題意。倒數(shù)第二段的倒數(shù)第二句話“...justhardworkandcompetitiveness”有暗示。5.C這里指的是上一句所說的ambitious，intelligent...，也就是他的品格，所以用quality。qualification資格；disadvantage不利條件；quantity數(shù)量。6.B這里指的是他所選擇的職業(yè)(profession)。plant植物，工廠，發(fā)電廠；company公司；firm商號，公司。7.Astill在這里用作連詞，意思是盡管如此，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，盡管他數(shù)學(xué)和科學(xué)成績很好，但是仍然對學(xué)校感到厭煩。aslongas表條件，since和as表原因。8.Cfeed向……提供。句意為：為了讓他忙碌起來，他們盡量向他提供更多的信息。impress留下極深的印象；improve改進，更新；refresh使恢復(fù)精力。9.B這里指的是上文所說的：decidedtohelphimgotoaprivateschool，這是一個決定(decision)。purpose意圖；promise諾言；goal目標(biāo)，均不準(zhǔn)確。10.Aintroduce意思是介紹。這里指在那所私立學(xué)校里，他第一次了解了計算機。encourage鼓勵；impress留下極深的印象；impose迫使。11.B由下文的andformed“ProgrammersGroup”可以看出，他們對電腦非常感興趣。beinterestedin對……感興趣；berichin有大量的……；betired/bored對……厭煩。12.Cenroll登記(名字等)。句意為：他不知道該干什么，于是就報名學(xué)習(xí)法學(xué)預(yù)科。write寫；register登記，注冊；get得到，都不符合句意。下一句有暗示“...signingup”，可知選C。13.Dstandard標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的。這里指剛?cè)雽W(xué)時，他學(xué)習(xí)了大學(xué)新生的所有規(guī)定課程。special特別的；specific明確的，具體的；unimportant不重要的，無意義的。14.Btough棘手的，費勁的。解答此題的關(guān)鍵是正確理解短語“withtheexceptionof”的意思：除……之外。既然是沒有報名學(xué)這門課，這門課就一定是他感到最費勁的。mostinteresting最令人感興趣的；favourite喜愛的；popular受歡迎的。15.B由常識或者下文的“ThenheformedMicrosoft.”可以看出，他退學(xué)了。dropout意思是“退學(xué)”，符合句意。這幾個選項都可以和out搭配，但意思各不相同：pickout選出；setout出發(fā)，開始；takeout取出。16.A由語境可知，蓋茨努力工作是為了實現(xiàn)自己的夢想，而不是做夢。所以要用動詞不定式表目的。achieve達到目標(biāo)；dream做夢。17.C根據(jù)文意及本句中“orGod”可知選C。18.D蓋茨在軟件方面取得了如此大的成功，占了巨大的市場，對其他軟件公司來說，他的微軟公司自然是一個很大的競爭對手(competition)。而不是朋友(friend)；志愿者(volunteer)；更不是受害者(victim)。19.B由下文“donated38milliondollarsforthebuildingofacomputerinstitute”可以看出，在這一方面他是非?？犊蠓降?generous)。mean吝嗇的；optimi