Let’sRead!初中英語(yǔ)八上語(yǔ)音語(yǔ)調(diào)課程連讀、意群、重讀、語(yǔ)調(diào)HowtoreadbetterLet’sreadastory!知識(shí)樹(shù)Consonants;Vowels.PhoneticsymbolsTheFoxandtheGrapes.Lookandguess!Lookatthepictureandguessthetitleofastory!TheFoxandtheGrapesWhat’sthestoryabout?Trytoreadit!TheFoxandtheGrapesOnehotsummer’sday,afoxwaswalkingthroughthewoods.“I’msotired,hungry,andthirsty.Ican’ttakeanotherstep.Isthereanythingtoeat?”Thefoxfoundabunchofgrapesfromavine.“Bounce!Bounce!Onemoretime!Bounce!Bounce!”Thefoxjumpedwithallhermight,butcouldn’treachthegrapes.“Whyaretheyhangingsohigh?Theremightbesomegrapesalittleloweroverthere.Oh,ouch.Thathurts.WhyamIwearingmyselfout?Thosegrapesarenotworthit!I’msuretheyaresour.I’dratherbehungrythaneatingabunchofsourgrapes.”Thefoxwalkedawayandneverlookedback.Phoneme(音素)&PhoneticSymbols(音標(biāo))Phoneme

(音素)：語(yǔ)音的最小單位Eg.see/si?/其中s,i:為音素；/s/,/i:/為音標(biāo)，還可以寫(xiě)作[s],[i:]Let’spractice!a:i/h/k/j/[s]ei/?:/ai

[?]g/v/?Phoneme:Phoneticsymbols:音素或音標(biāo)共有48個(gè)，20個(gè)元音，28個(gè)輔音a:ikeiaig?/h//j/[s]/?:/[?]/v/Vowels(元音)&consonants(輔音)元音vowel：發(fā)音時(shí)聲帶振動(dòng)，呼出的氣流通過(guò)口腔時(shí)不受阻礙。輔音consonant：不論聲帶振動(dòng)與否，發(fā)音時(shí)呼出的氣流通過(guò)口腔或鼻腔時(shí)受到一定的阻礙。vowels20shortvowels:/?//i//u//?//?//e//?/longvowels:/a://i://u://?://?:/doublevowels(雙元音):8singlevowels(單元音)12/ai//au//?i//ei//i?//e?//?u//u?/consonants28/p//t//k//f//s//?//t?//tr//θ//ts//b//d//g//v//z//?//d?//dr//e//dz/voicelessconsonants(清輔音)：10voicedconsonants(濁輔音)：10otherconsonants：8/m//n//?//h//r//l//w//j/Lookandlearn.vine/va?n/aclimbingplantthatproducesgrapes葡萄藤abunchofgrapes一串葡萄/b?nt?//?v//b?nt??v/abunchof一束、一捆、一串Mydadboughtabunchofrosesformymumyesterday.我爸爸昨天給我媽媽買了一束玫瑰。Lookandlearn.withallone’smight竭盡全力might/ma?t/:greatstrength,energyorpower強(qiáng)大力量；威力Ipushedtherockwithallmymight.我用盡全力推這塊石頭。wearout/we?(r)//a?t/:Ifsomethingwearsyouout,itmakesyoufeelextremelytired.使筋疲力盡Theyoungpeoplerunaroundkickingaball,wearingthemselvesout.

這些年輕人四處跑動(dòng)踢球，把自己弄得筋疲力盡。Howtoreadbetter?連讀英語(yǔ)連讀是指人們?cè)谟糜⒄Z(yǔ)交談時(shí)，因發(fā)音等問(wèn)題將單詞連著讀的一種現(xiàn)象。Putiton,please.

Notatall.

Ms.Blackworkedinanofficeyesterday.Thereisafootballunderit.Couldyouhelpme,please?Thosearenotworth

it!相鄰的兩詞在意義上必須密切相關(guān)，同屬一個(gè)意群。連讀所構(gòu)成的音節(jié)一般都不重讀，只需順其自然地一帶而過(guò)，不可讀得太重，也不可吞音。Howtoreadbetter?意群

一個(gè)句子可根據(jù)意思和語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)分成若干小段，每一小段稱之為一個(gè)意群。意群可以是一個(gè)詞，一個(gè)詞組或短語(yǔ)，也可以是并列句的一個(gè)分句或復(fù)合句的一個(gè)主句、從句等等，我們可用“／”來(lái)劃分句子的意群。I?will?be?glad?/?to?meet?you?again?/?next?year.Earlytobedandearlytorisemakesamanhealthy,happy,andwise.?

Earlytobed／

andearlytorise／

makesaman／

healthy,happy,andwise.Theremightbesomegrapesalittleloweroverthere.

Theremightbesomegrapes／alittlelower／

overthere.意群之間的停頓，根據(jù)說(shuō)話人的情況而定，并非一定要停頓不可。但如有停頓，則必須在意群之間，隨意亂停就破壞了語(yǔ)言的節(jié)奏。Howtoreadbetter?重讀在連貫的話語(yǔ)中，不可能所有的詞都同樣重要，必須有些詞較為關(guān)鍵，有些詞則相對(duì)次要一些。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，關(guān)鍵詞需要重讀，而其他詞則不必重讀。或者可以說(shuō)成：實(shí)詞重讀，虛詞不重讀。1）一般需要重讀的詞（實(shí)詞/關(guān)鍵詞）：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞、名詞、形容詞、副詞、數(shù)詞、疑問(wèn)詞和感嘆詞等。2）一般不需要重讀的詞（虛詞/非關(guān)鍵詞）：助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、冠詞、介詞、連詞、物主代詞、關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞等。Thecoursewasmoredifficultthanshehadexpected,butshegotalotoutofit.但是，有時(shí)候?yàn)榱吮磉_(dá)說(shuō)話者意圖，可以強(qiáng)調(diào)句子中幾乎所有的詞。Howtoreadbetter?語(yǔ)調(diào)語(yǔ)調(diào)是幫助我們表達(dá)各種思想感情的重要途徑，英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)調(diào)的基本類型有降調(diào)、升調(diào)和平調(diào)。降調(diào)表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度肯定、意思完整、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)獨(dú)立；升調(diào)表示說(shuō)話人的態(tài)度不肯定、意思不完整、語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)不獨(dú)立；平調(diào)一般用于直接引語(yǔ)后面，表述所說(shuō)的話，音高沒(méi)有高低的變化。在意義比較復(fù)雜的句子或意群中，往往結(jié)合了三種基本語(yǔ)調(diào)，構(gòu)成升降調(diào)或者降升調(diào)，而使語(yǔ)調(diào)變得復(fù)雜。例如：“yes”，若用降調(diào)，表示說(shuō)話人對(duì)所回答的問(wèn)題十分確定；若用升調(diào)，表示對(duì)問(wèn)題有疑問(wèn)。Howtoreadbetter?1）降調(diào)用于陳述句

Onehotsummer’sday,afoxwaswalkingthroughthewoods.↘用于特殊疑問(wèn)句

Whyaretheyhangingsohigh?↘用于祈使句Gobacktoyourseat!Now!↘用于感嘆句Whatasmallworld!↘用在選擇疑問(wèn)句中“or”之后的部分Doyouwanttodrive↗orwalk?↘Howtoreadbetter?2)升調(diào)用于一般疑問(wèn)句Isthereanythingtoeat?↗用于羅列事物時(shí)I’msotired↗,hungry↗,andthirsty.↘用于陳述句，表示譯文、懷疑、未定、猜測(cè)或期待等Youreallywanttodoit?↗用于置于句首的狀語(yǔ)短語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)從句Afterdinner↗,Ireadamagazineandmadetelephonecalls.用于稱呼語(yǔ)Mrs.Smith↗,thisisTomJones↘.Let’sreadastory!TheFoxandtheGrapesOnehotsummer’sday,afoxwaswalkingthroughthewoods.“I’msotired,hungry,andthirsty.Ican’ttakeanotherstep.Isthereanythingtoeat?”Thefoxfoundabunchofgrapesfromavine.“Bounce!Bounce!Onemoretime!Bounce!Bounce!”Thefoxjumpedwithallhermight,butcouldn’treachthegrapes.“Whyaretheyhangingsohigh?Theremightbesomegrapesalittleloweroverthere.Oh,ouch.Thathurts.WhyamIwearingmyselfout?Thosegrapesarenotworthit!I’msuretheyaresour.I’dratherbehungrythaneatingabunchofsourgrapes.”Thefoxwalkedawayandneverlookedback.Let’sreadastory!Onehotsummer’sday,afoxwaswalkingthroughthewoods.Onehot

summer’sday↗,afoxwaswalking/throughthewoods.↘I’msotired,hungry,andthirsty.Ican’ttakeanotherstep.Isthereanythingtoeat?“I’msotired

↗,hungry

↗,andthirsty.↘Ican’ttake

anotherstep.↘

Is

thereanythingtoeat?↗”Thefoxfoundabunchofgrapesfromavine.Thefoxfoundabunch

ofgrapes

/from

a

vine.↘Bounce!Bounce!Onemoretime!Bounce!Bounce!“Bounce!↘

Bounce!↘

Onemoretime!↗

Bounce!↘Bounce!↘”Let’sreadastory!Thefoxjumpedwithallhermight,butcouldn’treachthegrapes.Thefox

jumped

/with

allhermight,↘

butcouldn’treachthegrapes.↘Whyaretheyhangingsohigh?Theremightbesomegrapesalittleloweroverthere.Whyaretheyhangingsohigh?↘

Theremightbesomegrapes/