第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁湖南省懷化市2025-2026學年高三上學期開學英語試題一、完形填空（本大題共1小題，共30分）[30分]OnatriptoCalifornia,myfamilystoppedforlunch.Aswewalkedtowardtheentrancetotherestaurant,aman,witha1beardanddirtyhair,jumpedupfromabenchoutsidetherestaurantandopenedthedoorforus.Regardlessofhis2,hegreetedusinafriendlyway.Onceinside,mydaughterswhispered,“Mom,hesmells.”Afterweorderedourlunch,Iexplained,tellingthekidstolook3thedirt.Wethenwatchedothercustomersapproachtherestaurantbutmanyignoredhim.Seeingthisrudenesstrulyupsetme.ThedayIbecameamother,Ihaddeterminedtosetagood4tomychildren.Yetsometimeswhenthingsdidn’tgoright,beingagoodexamplewas5.Whenourmealarrived,IrealizedIhadleftthecar-sickpillsinthetruck.Withthewindiesttripahead,thekidsneededthem,soI6myselffromthemealandwenttogetthem.Justthen,the“doorman”wasopeningthedoorforacouple.Theyrushedpasthimwithoutevenacknowledginghis7.Lettingtheminfirst,Isaidaloud“thankyou”tohimasI8.WhenIreturned,wetalkedabit.Hesaidhewasnotallowedinside9hepurchasedfood.Iwentbackandtoldmyfamilyhis10.ThenIaskedourwaitresstoaddonesoupandsandwich.Thekidslookedpuzzledaswehadalreadyeaten,butwhenIsaidtheorderwasforthe“doorman”,theysmiled.Whenitwastimeto11ourtrip,Ifoundthe“doorman”enjoyinghismeal.Uponseeingme,hestoodupandthankedmeheartily.HethenreachedouthishandforahandshakeandIgratefullyaccepted.Isuddenlynoticedthetearsinhiseyes—tearsof12.Whathappenednextdrewgreatastonishment:Igavethe“doorman”a13！Hepulledaway,withtearsrollingdownhisface.Backintruck,Ifellintodeepthought.Whilewecan'tchoosemanythingsinlife,wecanchoosewhentoshowgratitude.Isaidthankstoamanwhohad14openedadoorforme,andalsosaidthanksforthat15toteachmychildrenbyexample.1．（2分）A．clean B．messy C．pretty D．bright2．（2分）A．service B．state C．appearance D．attitude3．（2分）A．around B．into C．over D．beyond4．（2分）A．example B．target C．record D．rule5．（2分）A．accessible B．awkward C．tough D．stressful6．（2分）A．prevented B．refreshed C．helped D．excused7．（2分）A．company B．challenge C．presence D．attack8．（2分）A．exited B．approached C．marched D．quitted9．（2分）A．before B．unless C．though D．since10．（2分）A．desire B．deed C．story D．demand11．（2分）A．make B．start C．take D．continue12．（2分）A．approval B．sympathy C．gratitude D．affection13．（2分）A．clap B．nod C．lift D．hug14．（2分）A．firmly B．simply C．constantly D．rudely15．（2分）A．journey B．opportunity C．wisdom D．community二、閱讀單選（本大題共4小題，共30分）[6分]ThebestfestivalsinAugustEdinburghFestivalFringeTheEdinburghFestivalFringeisthelargestartsfestivalintheworld.In2018,thefestivallasted25days,including55,000performancesof3,548showsin317places.Thefestivalstartedin1947.ForaroundthreeweeksinAugust,thecityofEdinburghwelcomesalargenumberofartistsandperformersaroundtheglobe.Anyonecanjoininwiththeperformanceoftheirchoice.WildernessFestivalWildernessFestivaltakesplaceinoneoftheoldestwoodsinEngland.Takingplacefourdaysinnature,peoplewillexperiencemusic,comedy,theatre,anddancefromSadler'sWells.Allthecampsites(野營地)aremadetoorderfordifferentneeds,includingfamilycamping.NottingHillCarnivalNottingHillCarnivaltakesplaceonthestreetsofNottingHillinLondon,EnglandineachAugustlastingovertwodays.Attractingaroundonemillionpeopleeachyear,it'soneofthebiggeststreetfestivalsintheworld.Happeningsince1966,NottingHillCarnivalisanessentialculturalexperienceinLondon.LaTomatinaEachyear,theValenciantownofBunolgetschangedintoaredmessaslocalsandtouriststaketothestreetsandthrowtomatoesateachother,allforfun.Thistomatofestivalhasbeenhappeningsince1945andisheldonthelastWednesdayofAugusteachyear.16．（2分）Whichfestivallaststhelongest?A．WildernessFestival. B．NottingHillCarnival.C．LaTomatina. D．EdinburghFestivalFringe.17．（2分）WhatcanpeopledoduringtheWildernessFestival?A．Buyhandmadetents.B．Dancewithfamousstars.C．Experiencewildernessadventures.D．Choosespeciallyofferedcampsites.18．（2分）WhatisspecialaboutLaTomatina?A．Itisheldfortourists.B．Itisafoodfightfestival.C．Ittakesplaceonthestreets.D．Itlimitsthecolorofclothes.[8分]Theworld’selderlypopulationisincreasingfast.Thenumberofolderpeople-thosewhoare60yearsofageorolder-isexpectedtodoubleby2050acrosstheworld.Thiscomeswithanincreasingneedforcaregiversthatareabletoprovide24-hourcare,notonlyathospitalsornursinghomes,butalsoatprivatehomes.Roboticassistants(助手)areexpectedtobecomeincreasinglypopularandreach450,000by2045becausetheexpectedcaregiversarenotenoughintheUnitedStates.“Unluckily,thehardoutsidestructureofcaregivingrobotsnowadayspreventsthemfromcommunicatingwithhumanssafelyandeasily,”saidRamsesMartinez,aprofessorintheSchoolofIndustrialEngineering.“Afterall,wouldyouleavetheoldpeoplewithhealthproblemsinthehandsofarobot?”However,recentprogressinmaterialsciencehasmadeitpossibletoproducerobotswiththeabilitytoreshapewhentouched.Theyarecalledsoftrobots.However,thedesign(設計),production,andcontrolofsoftrobotsnowstopthistechnologybeingputintouse.RecentlyMartinezandotherPurdueUniversityresearchershavedevelopedanewdesignmethodthatcanmakethedesignandproductionofthesoftrobotseasybyusinga3Dprinter.Thesoftrobotscanmovelikehumans.“Theycancompletesomemovementseasilysuchasholdingthings,spreadingordrawingbackarmsandlegsandkneeingdown.Thisinventionmovesabigstepforwardtowardthedevelopmentoflightweightsoftrobots,”Martinezsaid.Theresearchersarenowlookingforpartnerstotesttheirtechnologyandputitintopractice.19．（2分）Whatwillbetheresultoftheincreasingelderlypopulationaccordingtothetext?A．Morenursingserviceswillbeneeded. B．Morehospitalswillbebuiltinthefuture.C．Morepeoplewillchoosetobenursedathome. D．Morenursingworkwillbecarriedoutbyrobots.20．（2分）WhatdoesRamsesMartinezmeaninParagraph2?A．Peopledoubttheabilityofroboticassistants.B．Moretypesofroboticassistantsneedtobedeveloped.C．Theroboticassistantsnowadaysaren’tperfectfornursing.D．Theroboticassistantscan’tunderstandtheelderlycorrectly.21．（2分）Whatmakesthenewtypeofrobotbeabletochangeshapes?A．Aspecialmaterial. B．Theproductionmethod.C．The3Dprintingtechnology. D．Anewlydevelopeddesignmethod.22．（2分）What’sthebesttitleforthetext?A．Thedevelopmentofrobotsisrapid. B．The3Dprintercancreatesoftrobots.C．Theincreasingelderlypopulationisaproblem. D．Robotscreatedwith3Dprinterswillnursetheelderly.[8分]Whensomeoneasksmewhatmygoalsareforthecomingyear,Idon’tusuallyknowhowtoreply.OfcourseI,asmostpeopledo,wanttoseeanimprovementinmygrades.Thisyear,however,I’mhopingforsomethingdifferent.Throughthecourseofmyschoollife,I’vegraduallydevelopedanewunderstandingoftheword“prioritization(優(yōu)先次序)”.ThefirstthingIwishtogetinSeniorOneistheabilitytomanagemytimebetter.I’llsurelybecomebusierwiththecomingsemester,andproperorganizationisimportant.Fromschoolclubstoacademiccompetitions,everythingshouldbesetupinawaythatdoesn’tinfluencemyhealth,whichleadsmetomysecondgoal.Mymotherhasalwaystoldmeputmyhealthfirst,sointhefuture,Ihopetobebothphysicallyandmentallyhealthy.Apersoncan’tstudywithouttheenergytodoso.Inordertostayenergetic,theymustputtheirhealthfirst,nomatterhowbusytheyare,orhowmuchworktheyhavetocomplete.Andfinally,IhopethatIwon’tbediscouragedbymyfailureandnevergiveuponmydreams.IhopethatI’llhavethecouragetotrynewactivitiesandclubs.Ibelievemyfinalgoalcanapplytoeverystudentaroundtheworld.Weshouldallrespectoneanother’slikesanddislikes,andfocusoneachother’sstrengths,notourweaknesses.Everyoneshouldtrytomakeuseofalloflife’sopportunities.AlbertEinsteinoncesaid,“Lifeislikeridingabicycle.Tokeepyourbalance,youmustkeepmoving.”Inmycase,it’stheotherwayaround.Inordertokeepmoving,Imustkeepmybalance—thebalancebetweenstudiesandactivities,efficiencyandprocrastination(拖延癥),academicsandhealth,passionsanddislikes.Thenewjourneyisgoingtobeahardone,butifIsetthesegoals,IbelieveIwillmakeitthroughtotheend.23．（2分）DuringSeniorOne,whatdoesthewriterwanttodofirst?A．Focusonimprovingheroverallgrades.B．Joinasmanyschoolclubsaspossible.C．Learnhowtomanagehertimewell.D．Spendmoretimeonoutdooractivities.24．（2分）Whatistheattitudeofthewritertowardsfailure?A．Discouraged. B．Brave. C．Worried. D．Careful.25．（2分）Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“it’stheotherwayaround”inthelastparagraphmean?A．Itistheopposite. B．Itisdifficult.C．Itisnecessary. D．Itishelpful.26．（2分）Whatisthewriter’spurposeofthepassage?A．Tosharehergoalsforthecomingschoolyear.B．Tostresstheimportanceofhealthtostudents.C．Toshowwhatshelikesabouthighschoollife.D．Toexplainhowtobalancestudiesandactivities.[8分]WhatmaywellbetheoldestmetalcoinsintheworldhavebeenidentifiedatanancientabandonedcityknownasGuanzhuanginChina.LikemanyBronzeAge(青銅時代)coinsfromtheregion,theywerecastintheshapeofspades(鏟)withfinelycarvedhandles.Theseancientcoinsexistedduringanin-betweenperiodbetweenbarter(以物易物)andmoney,whencoinswereanovelconcept,buteverybodyknewthatagriculturaltoolswerevaluable.Readingaboutthisincrediblediscovery,Ikeptthinkingaboutthewaymodernpeoplerepresentcomputernetworksbydescribingmachinesashaving“addresses”,likeahouse.Wealsotalkaboutonecomputerusinga“port”tosendinformationtoanothercomputer,asifthedatawereafloatingboatwithdestination.It’sasifweareintheBronzeAgeofinformationtechnology,graspingdesperatelyforreal-worldreferencetotransformourcivilization.Nowconsiderwhathappenedtospadecoins.Overcenturies.metalworkersmadethesecoinsintomoreabstractshapes.Somebecamealmosthumanfigures.Others’handleswerereducedtosmallhalf-circles.Asspadecoinsgrewmoreabstract.peoplecarvedthemwithnumbervaluesandthelocationswheretheyweremade.Theybecamemorelikemoderncoins,flatandcoveredinwriting.Lookingatoneoftheselaterpieces,youwouldhavenoideathattheywereonceintendedtolooklikeaspade.Thismakesmewonderifwewilldevelopanentirelynewsetofsymbolsthatallowustointeractwithourdigitalinformationmoresmoothly.Takingspadecoinsasourguide,wecanguessthatfar-futurecomputernetworkswillnolongercontainanyrecognizablereferencestohouses.Buttheystillmightbringsomeoftheideasweassociatewithhometoourmind.Infact,computernetworks—iftheystillexistatall—arelikelytobealmosttheindispensablepartofourhousesandcities,theirsensorsinset(嵌入)withwallsandroads.Ournetworkaddressesmightactuallybethesameasourstreetaddresses.Ifclimatechangeleadstofloods,ourmobiledevicesmightlookmorelikeboatsthanphones,assistingustoland.Mypointisthatthemetaphors(比喻)oftheinformationagearen’trandom.Mobiledevicesdoofferuscomfortafteralongdayatwork.Insomesense,ourdesiretosettleontheshoresofdatalakescouldchangethewayweunderstandhome,aswellashowwebuildcomputers.Soaswecastourmindsforward,wehavetothinkaboutwhatnewabstractionswillgoalongwithourinformationtechnology.Perhapstheonethingwecountonisthathumanswillstillappreciatethecomfortsofhome.；27．（2分）WhyweremanyBronzeAgecoinsmadeintotheshapeofaspade?A．Thesecoinsalsoservedasagriculturaltools.B．Thisstylishdesignmadethecoinsvaluable.C．Alotofemphasiswasputonagriculture.D．Thehandlesmadethecoinseasilyexchanged.；28．（2分）Whydoestheauthorrelatecomputerstospadecoins?A．Toshowtheybothusedtobenewconceptswhenfirstinvented.B．Tohighlighttheirsameimportanceinourcivilizationaltransformation.C．Tosuggestcomputerswillexperiencedramaticchangesascoinsdid.D．Toexplainabstractdigitalworldsaredifferentfromconcretecoins.；29．（2分）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“indispensable”inParagraph5probablymean?A．Flexible. B．Wasteful. C．Essential. D．Alternative.；30．（2分）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowAgricultureLosestoDigitalIndustryB．WhatCoinsandComputersBringUsC．WhatBronzeAgeandInformationAgeHaveInCommonD．WhatAncientMoneyTellsUsAbouttheFutureDigitalWorld三、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題，共10分）[10分]HotelsorbitSaturn’spaleorangemoon,Titan.Cruiseshipsroamthedockingstationslikefish.Haveyoueverimaginedmakingthisfuturespacetravelinthefictionfilmsareality?31（2分）Largecompaniesandentiregovernmentshaveteameduptomakespacetravelandexplorationeasierandquicker.Severalcountriesareplanningspacemissionsbetweennowand2025.Someaimtobuildstationsorbitingthemoon.32（2分）Eventually,theymaybebuildsettlementsthere!YetnohumanhastraveledbeyondEarth’sorbitsince1972.Moneyispartoftheproblem.Toputapoundofanythinginspacecostsabout$10,000.ConsiderthattheoldNASAspaceshuttlescarried2.2millionpounds(998,000kg)offuelalone.Onceinspace,wefacetheproblemofenormousspace.Currenttechnologyandfuelscanpropelspacecraftataround36,000miles(58,000km)perhour.33（2分）Therefore,Humanastronautsneedsomesortofnewenginetechnology.Withoutit,theywouldnotlikelylivelongenoughtocompletejourneystootherworlds.34（2分）SomehumanastronautsliveandworkintheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS).They’reinsmallspacesfarfromhome.Theysuffermentallyandemotionally.Moodssour.Depressionkicksin.Clearthinkingmuddies.Fearrunshigh.Accessingfreshfoodisanotherissue.Today,astronautseatlotsoffreeze-driedmeals.35（2分）Weneedthosetobehealthy.Ofcourse,spacedoesn’thavegrocerystores.Deep-spacetravelersmayneedtogrowfoodonboard.Unfortunately,goodnutritioncannotfullyprotectanastronaut.Allthattimespentfloatingaffectsbones,muscles,andtheblood.Thebodysuffersdamagefromradiationstreamingfromstarsandsupernovas.A．OthersintendtolandhumansonMars.B．Freezingfoodreducesitsvitaminsandminerals.C．Evenifatripfitwithinalifetime,itwouldn’tbeeasy.D．Insomeways,weareontheedgeofthisimaginedfuture.E．Frozenfoodcannotprovidethemwithenoughgoodnutrition.F．Withthatamazingspeed,spacecraftswouldcarryastronautstootherworlds.G．Evenatthatspeed,itwouldtake78,000yearstoreachtheneareststarsystem.四、語法填空（本大題共1小題，共20分）[20分]閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬热荩?個單詞）或括號內單詞的正確形式。Breakinghabitsishard.Thisislargelybecauseweareconstantlyexposedtostimuli(刺激物),36（2分）takecontrolofthereward-basedlearningsysteminourbrainsdesignedinitiallyfor37（2分）(survive).Reward-basedlearning,toputit38（2分）(simple),involvesatrigger(誘因),followedbyabehaviorandareward.Thesethreecomponents(trigger,behaviorandreward)showupeverytimewedowhatwedesiretodo.Andthenwegraduallyhavethehabits.Sowhycan’twejustcontrolourselvesanddecidetoreplacebadhabitswithgoodones?39（2分）thefactthatresearchersshowthatthebrainnetworksassociatedwithself-controlarethefirsttogo“offline”when40（2分）(face)withtriggerssuchasstress,thedoctrine(學說)ofself-control41（2分）(know)fordecades.WhenIwasinmedicalschool,Iwastaughttopassself-controlspeechontomypatients.“Needtoloseweight?Don’teatjunkfood.Trytoquit42（2分）(smoke)?Stopitanduseanicotinereplacement.”WhenIstartedactuallypracticingmedicine,however,Iquicklylearnedthatitisimpracticalinreallife.Self-controltheorieshavemissedsomething43（2分）(critic):reward-basedlearningisbasedonrewards,notbehaviors.Howrewardingabehaviordriveshowlikelyweare44（2分）(repeat)thatbehaviorinthefuture,andthisiswhyself-controlas45（2分）approachtobreakinghabitsoftenfails.五、書面表達（本大題共2小題，共35分）46．[20分]你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題,寫一篇短文參賽,內容包括:1．人物簡介;2．尊敬和愛戴的原因。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2．短文題目和首句已為你寫好。ThePersonIRespectTherearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.47．[15分]假設你是晨光中學的李津。我市為外國友人提供生活信息的某英文網站新增了《最美中華》欄目,請你給該欄目投稿,介紹一個國內你喜歡或去過的地方。內容包括:(1)該地方的基本情況(如名稱、地理位置等);(2)該地方的特色(如文化、景點等);(3)你對該地方的印象和感受。注意:(1)詞數(shù)不少于100;(2)可適當加入細節(jié),使內容充實、行文連貫。ABeautifulPlaceinChinaMarch19,2021ByLiJin

參考答案一、完形填空【知識點】介詞（短語）辨析、副詞的詞義辨析、動詞(短語)的辨析、名詞的詞義辨析、夾敘夾議、形容詞的詞義辨析、故事、連詞辨析【答案】1．B；2．C；3．D；4．A；5．C；6．D；7．C；8．A；9．B；10．C；11．D；12．C；13．D；14．B；15．B二、閱讀單選【知識點】應用文、細節(jié)理解、節(jié)日【答案】16．D17．D18．B【知識點】主旨大意、推理判斷、科普知識、細節(jié)理解、詞句猜測、說明文【答案】19．A20．C21．A22．D【知識點】目的意圖、短語猜測、細節(jié)理解、觀點態(tài)度、計劃與愿望、記敘文【答案】23．C24．B25．A26．A【知識點】主旨大意、推理判斷、社會、細節(jié)理解、議論文、詞句猜測【答案】27．C

28．B

29．C

30．D三、七選五閱讀【知識點】宇宙探索、說明文【答案】31．D32．A33．G34