2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：社會科學(xué)剖析考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（本部分共30題，每題2分，共60分。請根據(jù)題目要求，在四個選項中選出最符合題意的答案，并將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。）1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimaryreasonwhymanypeopleinancientsocietiesdidnotengageinlong-distancetrade?A.Theylackedthenecessarytransportationtechnology.B.Theywerenotinterestedinthegoodsavailableinotherregions.C.Theyhadsufficientresourcesanddidnotneedtotrade.D.Theyfearedthepoliticalinstabilitythatoftenaccompaniedtraderoutes.2.Thepassagesuggeststhatthedevelopmentofmoneyinancientsocietieshadwhichofthefollowingeffects?A.Itledtoasignificantdecreaseintheimportanceofbartersystems.B.Itprimarilybenefitedtheeliteclasseswhocontrolledthecoinage.C.Itmadetrademoreefficientbutalsocreatednewsocialinequalities.D.Iteliminatedtheneedformerchantsandtradersinsociety.3.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingbestdescribestherelationshipbetweenurbanizationandtradeinancientcivilizations?A.Urbanizationandtradewereentirelyseparatephenomenawithnoconnection.B.Urbanizationoftenprecededtrade,creatingthenecessaryinfrastructureforcommercialactivities.C.Tradewastheprimarydriverofurbanization,ascitiesgrewaroundtradehubs.D.Urbanizationandtradeweremutuallyexclusive,withonealwaysoccurringwithouttheother.4.ThepassagementionsthattheSilkRoadwasasignificanttraderouteinancienttimes.WhatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheSilkRoad?A.ItwasprimarilyusedforthetradeofluxurygoodsbetweenChinaandEurope.B.Itwasamilitaryhighwayusedbyemperorstotravelbetweentheirvariousterritories.C.Itwasmainlyusedforthetransportationofslavesandotherforcedlaborers.D.Itwasnotaformaltraderoutebutratheraseriesofsmaller,independenttradepaths.5.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthemajorchallengesfacedbytradersonlong-distanceroutesliketheSilkRoad?A.Thehighcostoftransportationandtheriskoflosinggoods.B.Thelackofgovernmentprotectionandthethreatofbanditry.C.Theinabilitytocommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.D.Thestrictregulationsimposedbylocalrulersontradeactivities.6.Thepassagediscussestheimpactoftradeonculturalexchange.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheresultsofthisculturalexchange?A.Thespreadofdiseasesandpandemicsacrosscontinents.B.Theadoptionofsimilarreligiousandphilosophicalbeliefsindifferentsocieties.C.Theblendingofartisticstylesandthecreationofnewculturaltraditions.D.Thecompleteassimilationofsmallerculturesintolarger,dominantones.7.Accordingtothepassage,whatroledidcitiesplayinthedevelopmentoftradenetworksinancientsocieties?A.Citieswereprimarilycentersofproduction,withlittleroleintrade.B.Citiesweretheendpointsoftraderoutes,wheregoodsweredistributedtoruralareas.C.Citieswerethehubsoftrade,connectingdifferentregionsandfacilitatingcommercialactivities.D.Citieswereoftenbypassedbytraders,whopreferredtooperatedirectlybetweenruralcommunities.8.Thepassagementionsthattradeoftenledtotheriseofamerchantclassinancientsocieties.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthecharacteristicsofthismerchantclass?A.Theyweretypicallypoorandhadlittleinfluenceinsociety.B.Theywereoftenexcludedfrompoliticalprocessesandhadlimitedsocialmobility.C.Theywerewealthierandmoreinfluentialthanothersocialclasses.D.Theywereprimarilyfocusedonlocaltradeandhadnointerestinlong-distancecommerce.9.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheconsequencesofthedeclineoftheSilkRoad?A.ThecompletecollapseoftradenetworksinAsiaandEurope.B.Theriseofnewtraderoutesandthecontinuedgrowthofcommercialactivities.C.Theincreaseddominanceoflocaltradeattheexpenseoflong-distancetrade.D.Theadoptionofamoreisolationisttradepolicybymostancientsocieties.10.Thepassagediscussestheroleofempiresinfacilitatingtrade.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthewaysempiressupportedtrade?A.Theyimposedheavytaxesontradetofundtheirmilitaryoperations.B.Theyestablishedtrademonopolies,limitingparticipationtoaselectfew.C.Theyprovidedprotectionandinfrastructuretosupportcommercialactivities.D.Theydiscouragedtradetomaintaincontrolovertheirresourcesandpopulations.11.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthechallengesfacedbyempiresinmanagingtraderoutes?A.Thedifficultyinmaintainingcontrolovervastandremotetraderegions.B.Thelackofinterestfromtheircitizensinparticipatingintradeactivities.C.Thehighcostofmaintainingtradeinfrastructureandsecurity.D.Theinabilitytocommunicateeffectivelywithtradersfromdifferentcultures.12.Thepassagementionsthattradesometimesledtoconflictsbetweenempires.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthecausesoftheseconflicts?A.Disputesoverthecontroloftraderoutesandtheresourcestheyprovided.B.Thedesireofempirestoimposetheirowntraderegulationsandpolicies.C.Theinabilityofempirestoagreeonfairtradepracticesandterms.D.Thecompetitionforthebesttradingpartnersandthefearofbeingleftbehindintheglobaltradenetwork.13.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthelong-termeffectsoftradeonancientsocieties?A.Thecreationofamoreinterconnectedandinterdependentworld.B.Theincreasedisolationofsocietiesduetotheprotectionistpoliciesofempires.C.Thedeclineofurbancentersastradeactivitiesshiftedtoruralareas.D.Thecompletetransformationofsocialstructuresandculturalpractices.14.Thepassagediscussestheroleofreligionininfluencingtrade.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthewaysreligionimpactedtrade?A.Itoftenledtotheestablishmentofreligiouslymotivatedtradeboycotts.B.Itprovidedamoralframeworkthatguidedethicalbusinesspractices.C.Itencouragedthehoardingofresourcesandtherestrictionoftrade.D.Ithadlittleimpactontradeactivitiesandwaslargelyirrelevanttocommercialmatters.15.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthechallengesfacedbyreligiousgroupsinancientsocietiesduetotrade?A.Thespreadofhereticalbeliefsandtheerosionofreligioustraditions.B.Thedifficultyinmaintainingreligiouspurityinaincreasinglyinterconnectedworld.C.Theinabilitytocompetewithsecularmerchantsandtraders.D.Thelackofsupportfromthegovernmentandthepublicfortheirreligiouspractices.16.Thepassagementionsthattradesometimesledtothespreadofdiseases.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheconsequencesofthisspread?A.Thecompletecollapseoftradenetworksastradersavoidedareasaffectedbydiseases.B.Theaccelerationoftradeactivitiesaspeoplesoughttoprofitfromthesaleofmedicalremedies.C.Thedevelopmentofnewmedicalknowledgeandpracticestocombatthespreadofdiseases.D.Theincreasedisolationofsocietiestopreventthespreadofdiseasesthroughtrade.17.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthewaystradeinfluencedthedevelopmentoftechnologyinancientsocieties?A.Itledtothestagnationoftechnologicaladvancementsassocietiesbecameself-sufficient.B.Itprovidedthenecessaryresourcesandincentivesfortechnologicalinnovation.C.Itdiscouragedtechnologicaldevelopmentasitwasseenasathreattotraditionalpractices.D.Ithadlittleimpactontechnologicaladvancementsandwaslargelyirrelevanttotechnologicalprogress.18.Thepassagediscussestheroleoftradeinshapingpoliticalstructures.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheeffectsoftradeonpolitics?A.Itledtothecentralizationofpowerinthehandsofafewwealthymerchants.B.Itencouragedthedevelopmentofmoredemocraticandparticipatorypoliticalsystems.C.Itoftenledtothefragmentationofpoliticalpowerasdifferentregionsdevelopedtheirowntradenetworks.D.Ithadlittleimpactonpoliticalstructuresandwaslargelyirrelevanttopoliticalmatters.19.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthechallengesfacedbygovernmentsinregulatingtrade?A.Thedifficultyinmonitoringandcontrollingtradeactivitiesacrossvastdistances.B.Thelackofpopularsupportforgovernmentinterventionintradematters.C.Thehighcostofimplementingandenforcingtraderegulations.D.Theinabilitytoagreeonfairandequitabletradepolicieswithothernations.20.Thepassagementionsthattradesometimesledtotheriseofpowerfultradingcities.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthecharacteristicsofthesecities?A.Theyweretypicallyisolatedfromothercitiesandhadlimitedcontactwiththeoutsideworld.B.Theywereoftengovernedbyautocraticrulerswhocontrolledallaspectsoftrade.C.Theywerecentersofcommerceandculturalexchange,attractingpeoplefromdifferentregions.D.Theywereprimarilyfocusedonlocaltradeandhadnointerestinlong-distancecommerce.21.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheconsequencesoftheriseofthesetradingcities?A.Thedeclineofruralareasaspeoplemovedtocitiesinsearchofbettertradeopportunities.B.Theincreasedwealthandinfluenceofthemerchantclass,oftenattheexpenseofothersocialclasses.C.Thedevelopmentofnewpoliticalsystemsandtheriseofcity-states.D.Thecompletetransformationofsocialstructuresandculturalpractices.22.Thepassagediscussestheimpactoftradeontheenvironment.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheeffectsoftradeontheenvironment?A.Itledtotheconservationofnaturalresourcesassocietiesbecamemoreinterconnected.B.Itoftenledtotheexploitationofnaturalresourcestosupportcommercialactivities.C.Ithadlittleimpactontheenvironmentandwaslargelyirrelevanttoenvironmentalissues.D.Itencouragedthedevelopmentofsustainablepracticestominimizeenvironmentaldamage.23.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthechallengesfacedbysocietiesinadaptingtothechangesbroughtbytrade?A.Thedifficultyinmaintainingtraditionalculturalpracticesinaincreasinglyglobalizedworld.B.Thelackofresourcesandinfrastructuretosupportthegrowthoftradeactivities.C.Theinabilitytocommunicateeffectivelywithpeoplefromdifferentculturesandbackgrounds.D.Thehighcostofparticipatingintradeactivitiesandtheriskoflosingresources.24.Thepassagementionsthattradesometimesledtotheformationoftradealliances.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthebenefitsofthesealliances?A.Theyprovidedmutualprotectionandsupport,makingtradeactivitiessaferandmoreprofitable.B.Theyoftenledtothedominationofsmallersocietiesbylarger,morepowerfulones.C.Theyencouragedthedevelopmentofnewtechnologiesandinnovationstoimprovetradeefficiency.D.Theyhadlittleimpactontradeactivitiesandwerelargelyirrelevanttocommercialmatters.25.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheconsequencesoftheformationofthesetradealliances?A.Theincreasedisolationofsocietiesastheyfocusedontradewithintheiralliances.B.Thedevelopmentofnewpoliticalsystemsandtheriseofalliancesasaformofgovernance.C.Theincreasedwealthandinfluenceofthemerchantclass,oftenattheexpenseofothersocialclasses.D.Thecompletetransformationofsocialstructuresandculturalpractices.26.Thepassagediscussestheroleoftradeinshapingeconomicsystems.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheeffectsoftradeoneconomics?A.Itledtothedevelopmentofmorecomplexandsophisticatedeconomicsystems.B.Itoftenledtothesimplificationofeconomicsystemsassocietiesbecamemoreself-sufficient.C.Itdiscouragedeconomicdevelopmentasitwasseenasathreattotraditionalpractices.D.Ithadlittleimpactoneconomicsystemsandwaslargelyirrelevanttoeconomicmatters.27.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthechallengesfacedbyeconomiesinadaptingtothechangesbroughtbytrade?A.Thedifficultyinmaintainingtraditionaleconomicpracticesinaincreasinglyglobalizedworld.B.Thelackofresourcesandinfrastructuretosupportthegrowthoftradeactivities.C.Theinabilitytocommunicateeffectivelywithpeoplefromdifferentculturesandbackgrounds.D.Thehighcostofparticipatingintradeactivitiesandtheriskoflosingresources.28.Thepassagementionsthattradesometimesledtotheformationoftradeempires.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthecharacteristicsoftheseempires?A.Theyweretypicallyisolatedfromotherempiresandhadlimitedcontactwiththeoutsideworld.B.Theywereoftengovernedbyautocraticrulerswhocontrolledallaspectsoftrade.C.Theywerecentersofcommerceandculturalexchange,attractingpeoplefromdifferentregions.D.Theywereprimarilyfocusedonlocaltradeandhadnointerestinlong-distancecommerce.29.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneoftheconsequencesoftheformationofthesetradeempires?A.Thedeclineofruralareasaspeoplemovedtocitiesinsearchofbettertradeopportunities.B.Theincreasedwealthandinfluenceofthemerchantclass,oftenattheexpenseofothersocialclasses.C.Thedevelopmentofnewpoliticalsystemsandtheriseofempiresasaformofgovernance.D.Thecompletetransformationofsocialstructuresandculturalpractices.30.Thepassagediscussesthelong-termimpactoftradeonancientsocieties.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthelastingeffectsoftrade?A.Thecreationofamoreinterconnectedandinterdependentworld.B.Theincreasedisolationofsocietiesduetotheprotectionistpoliciesofempires.C.Thedeclineofurbancentersastradeactivitiesshiftedtoruralareas.D.Thecompletetransformationofsocialstructuresandculturalpractices.二、填空題（本部分共20題，每題2分，共40分。請根據(jù)題目要求，在橫線上填寫最符合題意的答案，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。）1.Accordingtothepassage,theprimaryreasonwhymanypeopleinancientsocietiesdidnotengageinlong-distancetradewasthe________.2.Thedevelopmentofmoneyinancientsocietieshadtheeffectof________.3.Therelationshipbetweenurbanizationandtradeinancientcivilizationswasthaturbanizationoften________.4.TheSilkRoadwasasignificanttraderouteinancienttimesbecauseitwasprimarilyusedforthetradeof________.5.Oneofthemajorchallengesfacedbytradersonlong-distanceroutesliketheSilkRoadwasthe________.6.Accordingtothepassage,oneoftheresultsofculturalexchangeduetotradewasthe________.7.Citiesplayedtheroleof________inthedevelopmentoftradenetworksinancientsocieties.8.Themerchantclassinancientsocietieswastypically________.9.OneoftheconsequencesofthedeclineoftheSilkRoadwasthe________.10.Empiressupportedtradebyproviding________.11.Oneofthechallengesfacedbyempiresinmanagingtraderouteswasthe________.12.Oneofthecausesofconflictsbetweenempiresduetotradewasthe________.13.Oneofthelong-termeffectsoftradeonancientsocietieswasthecreationofamore________.14.Religionimpactedtradebyoften________.15.Oneofthechallengesfacedbyreligiousgroupsinancientsocietiesduetotradewasthe________.16.Oneoftheconsequencesofthespreadofdiseasesthroughtradewasthe________.17.Tradeinfluencedthedevelopmentoftechnologyinancientsocietiesbyprovidingthenecessary________.18.Oneoftheeffectsoftradeonpoliticswasthatitoftenledtothe________.19.Oneofthechallengesfacedbygovernmentsinregulatingtradewasthe________.20.Oneofthecharacteristicsofpowerfultradingcitieswasthattheywerecentersof________andculturalexchange.三、判斷題（本部分共15題，每題1分，共15分。請根據(jù)題目要求，判斷下列陳述的正誤，并將答案涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。正確的涂“T”，錯誤的涂“F”。）1.Accordingtothepassage,theprimaryreasonwhymanypeopleinancientsocietiesdidnotengageinlong-distancetradewasbecausetheylackedthenecessarytransportationtechnology.(T/F)2.Thedevelopmentofmoneyinancientsocietieshadtheeffectofmakingtrademoreefficientbutalsocreatingnewsocialinequalities.(T/F)3.Therelationshipbetweenurbanizationandtradeinancientcivilizationswasthaturbanizationoftenprecededtrade,creatingthenecessaryinfrastructureforcommercialactivities.(T/F)4.TheSilkRoadwasasignificanttraderouteinancienttimesbecauseitwasprimarilyusedforthetradeofluxurygoodsbetweenChinaandEurope.(T/F)5.Oneofthemajorchallengesfacedbytradersonlong-distanceroutesliketheSilkRoadwasthelackofgovernmentprotectionandthethreatofbanditry.(T/F)6.Accordingtothepassage,oneoftheresultsofculturalexchangeduetotradewasthespreadofdiseasesandpandemicsacrosscontinents.(T/F)7.Citiesplayedtheroleofhubsconnectingdifferentregionsandfacilitatingcommercialactivitiesinthedevelopmentoftradenetworksinancientsocieties.(T/F)8.Themerchantclassinancientsocietieswastypicallywealthierandmoreinfluentialthanothersocialclasses.(T/F)9.OneoftheconsequencesofthedeclineoftheSilkRoadwasthecompletecollapseoftradenetworksinAsiaandEurope.(T/F)10.Empiressupportedtradebyprovidingprotectionandinfrastructuretosupportcommercialactivities.(T/F)11.Oneofthechallengesfacedbyempiresinmanagingtraderouteswasthehighcostofmaintainingtradeinfrastructureandsecurity.(T/F)12.Oneofthecausesofconflictsbetweenempiresduetotradewasthecompetitionforthebesttradingpartnersandthefearofbeingleftbehindintheglobaltradenetwork.(T/F)13.Oneofthelong-termeffectsoftradeonancientsocietieswasthecreationofamoreinterconnectedandinterdependentworld.(T/F)14.Religionimpactedtradebyoftenencouragingthehoardingofresourcesandtherestrictionoftrade.(T/F)15.Oneofthechallengesfacedbyreligiousgroupsinancientsocietiesduetotradewasthedifficultyinmaintainingreligiouspurityinaincreasinglyinterconnectedworld.(T/F)四、簡答題（本部分共5題，每題4分，共20分。請根據(jù)題目要求，簡要回答下列問題，并將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)位置。）1.Accordingtothepassage,whatwerethemainchallengesfacedbytradersonlong-distanceroutesliketheSilkRoad?2.Thepassagementionsthattradehadasignificantimpactonthedevelopmentoftechnologyinancientsocieties.Whatdidtradeprovidethatinfluencedtechnologicaladvancements?3.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthewaysempiressupportedtradeandfacilitatedcommercialactivities?4.Thepassagediscussestheroleofcitiesinshapingtradenetworksinancientsocieties.Whatwasoneofthekeycharacteristicsofthesetradingcities?5.Accordingtothepassage,whatwasoneofthelong-termeffectsoftradeonancientsocieties,particularlyintermsofculturalexchangeandinterconnectedness?本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.A解析：根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“Manyancientsocietieslackedthetechnologicalmeansforlong-distancetravel,suchaswheeledvehiclesorshipscapableofnavigatingopenwaters.”可以確定正確答案是A。文章明確指出，古代社會缺乏長途旅行所需的技術(shù)，比如輪式車輛或能夠在大海上航行的船只。2.C解析：文章第二段提到，“Theintroductionofmoneyfacilitatedmorecomplextransactionsandeconomicspecialization,butitalsoledtowealthaccumulationandsocialstratification.”這表明貨幣的發(fā)展使得更復(fù)雜的交易和經(jīng)濟(jì)專業(yè)化成為可能，但它也導(dǎo)致了財富的積累和社會分層。因此，正確答案是C，貨幣使貿(mào)易更加高效，但也創(chuàng)造了新的社會不平等。3.B解析：文章第三段指出，“Urbancentersoftenemergedfirst,providingtheinfrastructureandmarketsnecessarytosupporttrade.”這說明城市中心往往是首先出現(xiàn)的，提供了支持貿(mào)易的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和市場。因此，正確答案是B，城市化往往先于貿(mào)易，為商業(yè)活動創(chuàng)造了必要的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。4.A解析：文章第四段提到，“TheSilkRoadwasfamousforfacilitatingtheexchangeofluxurygoods,suchassilk,spices,andpreciousmetals,betweenChinaandEurope.”這表明絲綢之路以促進(jìn)中國和歐洲之間的奢侈品交換而聞名，如絲綢、香料和貴金屬。因此，正確答案是A。5.B解析：文章第五段提到，“Tradersonlong-distanceroutesfacednumerouschallenges,includingtheriskofbanditryandthelackofstablepoliticalprotectionalongtheway.”這說明長途貿(mào)易的商人們面臨著許多挑戰(zhàn)，包括強(qiáng)盜的風(fēng)險以及沿途缺乏穩(wěn)定的政治保護(hù)。因此，正確答案是B。6.C解析：文章第六段提到，“Tradeledtoculturalexchange,resultingintheblendingofartisticstylesandthecreationofnewtraditionsacrossdifferentsocieties.”這表明貿(mào)易導(dǎo)致了文化交流，結(jié)果是在不同的社會中出現(xiàn)了藝術(shù)風(fēng)格的融合和新的傳統(tǒng)創(chuàng)造。因此，正確答案是C。7.C解析：文章第七段指出，“Citiesservedashubs,connectingdifferentregionsandfacilitatingtheflowofgoods,people,andideas.”這說明城市作為中心，連接不同的地區(qū)，并促進(jìn)商品、人員和思想的流動。因此，正確答案是C。8.C解析：文章第八段提到，“Themerchantclasswasoftenwealthierandmoreinfluentialthanothersocialclasses,astheycontrolledtradeandeconomicresources.”這表明商人階層通常比其他社會階層富裕且有影響力，因為他們控制著貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)資源。因此，正確答案是C。9.C解析：文章第九段提到，“ThedeclineoftheSilkRoadledtoashiftintradepatterns,withnewroutesandhubsemergingtofillthevoid.”這說明絲綢之路的衰落導(dǎo)致了貿(mào)易模式的轉(zhuǎn)變，新的路線和中心出現(xiàn)了以填補(bǔ)空白。因此，正確答案是C。10.C解析：文章第十段指出，“Empiressupportedtradebyestablishinginfrastructurelikeroadsandcaravanserais,andbyprovidingmilitaryprotectionfortraderoutes.”這說明帝國通過建立基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，如道路和客棧，以及為貿(mào)易路線提供軍事保護(hù)來支持貿(mào)易。因此，正確答案是C。11.A解析：文章第十一段提到，“Empiresfacedchallengesinmanagingvasttraderoutes,includingthedifficultyofmaintainingcontroloverremoteanddiverseregions.”這表明帝國在管理廣闊的貿(mào)易路線時面臨挑戰(zhàn)，包括難以控制偏遠(yuǎn)和多樣化的地區(qū)。因此，正確答案是A。12.A解析：文章第十二段指出，“Tradedisputesoftenaroseovercontroloflucrativetraderoutesandresources,leadingtoconflictsbetweenempires.”這說明貿(mào)易爭端經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在對利潤豐厚的貿(mào)易路線和資源的控制上，導(dǎo)致帝國之間的沖突。因此，正確答案是A。13.A解析：文章第十三段提到，“Tradecreatedamoreinterconnectedandinterdependentworld,asgoods,ideas,andculturesspreadacrossvastdistances.”這表明貿(mào)易創(chuàng)造了一個更加相互聯(lián)系和相互依存的世界，因為商品、思想和文化跨越了巨大的距離傳播。因此，正確答案是A。14.B解析：文章第十四段指出，“Religionsometimesinfluencedtradebypromotingethicalbusinesspracticesandmoralframeworksthatguidedcommercialactivities.”這說明宗教有時通過促進(jìn)道德的商業(yè)實踐和指導(dǎo)商業(yè)活動的道德框架來影響貿(mào)易。因此，正確答案是B。15.B解析：文章第十五段提到，“Religiousgroupsfacedchallengesinmaintainingtheirtraditionsandpurityinaincreasinglyglobalizedworld,wheretradefacilitatedthespreadofdifferentcultures.”這說明宗教團(tuán)體在一個日益全球化的世界中面臨著保持其傳統(tǒng)和純潔性的挑戰(zhàn)，因為貿(mào)易促進(jìn)了不同文化的傳播。因此，正確答案是B。16.A解析：文章第十六段指出，“Thespreadofdiseasesthroughtraderouteshaddevastatingconsequences,leadingtopopulationdeclinesandthecollapseoftradenetworksinsomeareas.”這說明通過貿(mào)易路線傳播的疾病造成了毀滅性的后果，導(dǎo)致在某些地區(qū)人口下降和貿(mào)易網(wǎng)絡(luò)的崩潰。因此，正確答案是A。17.B解析：文章第十七段提到，“Tradeprovidedthenecessaryresourcesandmarketdemandthatincentivizedtechnologicalinnovationandadvancements.”這表明貿(mào)易提供了必要的資源和市場需求，激勵了技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和進(jìn)步。因此，正確答案是B。18.A解析：文章第十八段指出，“Tradeoftenledtothecentralizationofpoliticalpowerinthehandsofmerchantsortradingcities,astheycontrolledeconomicresources.”這說明貿(mào)易往往導(dǎo)致了政治權(quán)力集中在商人或貿(mào)易城市手中，因為他們控制著經(jīng)濟(jì)資源。因此，正確答案是A。19.A解析：文章第十九段提到，“Governmentsfacedchallengesinregulatingtradeduetothedifficultyofmonitoringandcontrollingvastnetworksofcommercialactivities.”這說明政府由于難以監(jiān)控和控制龐大的商業(yè)活動網(wǎng)絡(luò)而在規(guī)范貿(mào)易方面面臨挑戰(zhàn)。因此，正確答案是A。20.C解析：文章第二十段指出，“Tradingcitieswerecentersofcommerceandculturalexchange,attractingmerchants,travelers,andideasfromacrosstheregionandbeyond.”這說明貿(mào)易城市是商業(yè)和文化交流的中心，吸引了來自該地區(qū)和更遠(yuǎn)地方的商人、旅行者和思想。因此，正確答案是C。21.B解析：文章第二十一段提到，“Theriseoftradingcitiesledtoincreasedwealthandinfluenceforthemerchantclass,oftenattheexpenseofruralcommunitiesandtraditionallandowners.”這說明貿(mào)易城市的興起為商人階層帶來了更多的財富和影響力，往往以農(nóng)村社區(qū)和傳統(tǒng)土地所有者的代價。因此，正確答案是B。22.B解析：文章第二十二段指出，“Tradeoftenledtotheexploitationofnaturalresources,associetiessoughttomaximizeprofitsfromcommercialactivities.”這說明貿(mào)易往往導(dǎo)致了自然資源的掠奪，因為社會試圖從商業(yè)活動中最大化利潤。因此，正確答案是B。23.A解析：文章第二十三段提到，“Societiesfacedchallengesinadaptingtothechangesbroughtbytrade,particularlyinmaintainingtraditionalculturalpracticesinaglobalizedworld.”這說明社會面臨著適應(yīng)貿(mào)易帶來的變化的挑戰(zhàn)，特別是在全球化的世界中保持傳統(tǒng)文化實踐。因此，正確答案是A。24.A解析：文章第二十四段指出，“Tradealliancesprovidedmutualprotectionandsupport,makingtradeactivitiessaferandmoreprofitableformemberstates.”這說明貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟提供了相互保護(hù)和支持，使貿(mào)易活動對成員國來說更安全、更有利可圖。因此，正確答案是A。25.B解析：文章第二十五段提到，“Theformationoftradealliancesledtothedevelopmentofnewpoliticalsystemsandtheriseofalliancesasaformofgovernance,oftendominatedbylarger,morepowerfulstates.”這說明貿(mào)易聯(lián)盟的形成導(dǎo)致了新的政治體系的開發(fā)，以及聯(lián)盟作為治理形式的興起，通常由更大的、更強(qiáng)大的國家主導(dǎo)。因此，正確答案是B。26.A解析：文章第二十六段指出，“Tradeinfluencedeconomicsystemsbyencouragingspecialization,marketgrowth,andthedevelopmentofmorecomplexeconomicstructures.”這說明貿(mào)易通過鼓勵專業(yè)化、市場增長和更復(fù)雜的經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)的發(fā)展影響了經(jīng)濟(jì)體系。因此，正確答案是A。27.A解析：文章第二十七段提到，“Economiesfacedchallengesinadaptingtothechangesbroughtbytrade,particularlyinmaintainingtraditionaleconomicpracticesinaglobalizedworld.”這說明經(jīng)濟(jì)面臨著適應(yīng)貿(mào)易帶來的變化的挑戰(zhàn)，特別是在全球化的世界中保持傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟(jì)實踐。因此，正確答案是A。28.B解析：文章第二十八段指出，“Tradeempireswereoftengovernedbyautocraticrulerswhocontrolledallaspectsoftradeandeconomicresources.”這說明貿(mào)易帝國通常由專制統(tǒng)治者治理，他們控制著貿(mào)易和經(jīng)濟(jì)資源的各個方面。因此，正確答案是B。29.B解析：文章第二十九段提到，“Theformationoftradeempiresledtotheincreasedwealthandinfluenceofthemerchantclass,oftenattheexpenseofothersocialclassesandtraditionallandowners.”這說明貿(mào)易帝國的形成導(dǎo)致了商人階層的財富和影響力的增加，往往以其他社會階層和傳統(tǒng)土地所有者的代價。因此，正確答案是B。30.A解析：文章第三十段指出，“Tradecreatedamoreinterconnectedandinterdependentworld,fosteringculturalexchangeandthespreadofideasacrossvastdistances.”這說明貿(mào)易創(chuàng)造了一個更加相互聯(lián)系和相互依存的世界，促進(jìn)了跨巨大距離的文化交流和思想傳播。因此，正確答案是A。二、填空題答案及解析1.technologicalmeansforlong-distancetravel解析：根據(jù)文章第一段第二句，“Manyancientsocietieslackedthetechnologicalmeansforlong-distancetravel,suchaswheeledvehiclesorshipscapableofnavigatingopenwaters.”可以確定正確答案是“technologicalmeansforlong-distancetravel”。2.makingtrademoreefficientbutalsocreatingnewsocialinequalities解析：文章第二段提到，“Theintroductionofmoneyfacilitatedmorecomplextransactionsandeconomicspecialization,butitalsoledtowealthaccumulationandsocialstratification.”這表明貨幣的發(fā)展使得更復(fù)雜的交易和經(jīng)濟(jì)專業(yè)化成為可能，但它也導(dǎo)致了財富的積累和社會分層。因此，正確答案是“makingtrademoreefficientbutalsocreatingnewsocialinequalities”。3.precededtrade,creatingthenecessaryinfrastructureforcommercialactivities解析：文章第三段指出，“Urbancentersoftenemergedfirst,providingtheinfrastructureandmarketsnecessarytosupporttrade.”這說明城市中心往往是首先出現(xiàn)的，提供了支持貿(mào)易的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和市場。因此，正確答案是“precededtrade,creatingthenecessaryinfrastructureforcommercialactivities”。4.luxurygoodsbetweenChinaandEurope解析：文章第四段提到，“TheSilkRoadwasfamousfo