/專題13閱讀理解七選五1.（2025年全國(guó)高考一卷）AnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore._____33_____CatherineMurphy,acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat,makessurethateachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks._____34_____Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime._____35_____“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.Iknowtheyneeditinthemorning,”Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious(有感染力)andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek._____36_____“Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.“Ienjoyworkinginthecafe,”Murphysaid._____37_____Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.CSometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.D.Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.【答案】33.E34.D35.C36.F37.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述大學(xué)咖啡館工作人員凱瑟琳·墨菲用真誠(chéng)的服務(wù)和熱情的微笑為學(xué)生帶來(lái)溫暖的故事，展現(xiàn)了這位平凡英雄的動(dòng)人之處?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Needabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick-me-upinthemorning?TheCollegeCafehasjustthat,andmore.(課間需要休息或早上快速提神？大學(xué)咖啡館提供這些，還有更多。)”可知，開篇引出咖啡館的功能，空格處需揭示“更多”的內(nèi)涵。E選項(xiàng)“Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks,italsoservesupsmiles.(這家咖啡館不僅提供飲品，還提供微笑。)”通過“Notonly...also...”結(jié)構(gòu)，既承接“drinks”，又引出下文核心——墨菲的微笑服務(wù)，符合語(yǔ)境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.(她在機(jī)器之間來(lái)回制作飲品。)”及下文“Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand,shesmilesandsays,“Hello,howisyourday?”Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger,shedoesn’tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.(當(dāng)顧客從她手中接過飲品時(shí)，她微笑著說：“你好，今天過得怎么樣？”即使隊(duì)伍越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)，她也不會(huì)讓這影響到她真誠(chéng)的交流。)”可推知，設(shè)空處需補(bǔ)充制作飲品后的環(huán)節(jié)。D選項(xiàng)“Afterfinishinganorder,shecallsoutthenameonthecup.(完成訂單后，她會(huì)喊出杯子上的名字。)”中的“finishinganorder”銜接“makethedrinks”，“callsoutthename”引出顧客接飲品的場(chǎng)景，形成“制作—叫號(hào)—交付”的完整流程。故選D項(xiàng)。【35題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.(墨菲每天四點(diǎn)四十五起床，開車三十分鐘準(zhǔn)時(shí)上班。)”及下文“IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.(我這樣做是因?yàn)槲蚁矚g為學(xué)生煮咖啡。)”可推知，設(shè)空處需進(jìn)一步體現(xiàn)她對(duì)工作的投入。C選項(xiàng)“Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.(有時(shí)她會(huì)提前到達(dá)，提前為學(xué)生服務(wù)。)”中的“arrivesearly”補(bǔ)充了“準(zhǔn)時(shí)上班”之外的主動(dòng)性，“servethestudentsearly”呼應(yīng)“l(fā)iketomakecoffeeforthestudents”，展現(xiàn)其敬業(yè)精神。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“JoannaWright,aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor,lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.(喬安娜?賴特是政治學(xué)專業(yè)的大四學(xué)生，她熱愛咖啡，每周至少去這家咖啡館六天。)”及下文““Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface,whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood,”Wrightsaid.(賴特說“凱瑟琳總是笑容滿面，這總能讓我心情愉快?！?”可推知，設(shè)空處需說明她頻繁去咖啡館的原因。F選項(xiàng)“Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.(去咖啡館讓她一天有個(gè)好的開始，并為上課做好準(zhǔn)備。)”中的“startsherdayoffgood”解釋了“每周去六天”的動(dòng)機(jī)，且“cheerfulmood”與墨菲的微笑服務(wù)形成因果關(guān)系。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.(她完全打算留下來(lái)，繼續(xù)做自己喜歡的事。)”可推知，設(shè)空處需體現(xiàn)她對(duì)工作的長(zhǎng)期投入。G選項(xiàng)“Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan’timagineworkinganywhereelse.(她已經(jīng)在這里服務(wù)了17年，無(wú)法想象在其他地方工作。)”中的“17years”凸顯服務(wù)年限之長(zhǎng)，“can’timagineworkinganywhereelse”強(qiáng)化對(duì)咖啡館的情感聯(lián)結(jié)，與“staying”形成直接呼應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)。2.（2025年全國(guó)高考二卷）UnexpectedBenefitsofVolunteeringasaFamilyAreyoulookingforawaytobringyourfamilytogether?Hopingtofindahobbythatcanbesharedbyboththelittleonesandadults?___16___Youmayknowthe“feel-good”emotionsthatcomewithhelpingothers,butthereareevenmoreunexpectedwaysvolunteeringwillpositivelyaffectthewholefamily.●You’llfeellikeyouhavemoretime.Peopleoftenfeeltheyaretoobusytovolunteer.Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.___17___●Youcanlivelongerifyouvolunteerregularly.___18___WashingtonUniversityfoundthatadults55andolderwhovolunteeredhadbettermemoryandmaintainedoverallhealthlongerthanotherstheirage.Volunteersarealsomorelikelytolookaftertheirownhealthandaremorefocusedonaddingphysicalactivityintotheirlives.●___19___Volunteeringduringteenageyearshasbeenlinkedtosomemajorpositiveeffectssuchasimprovedgradesandincreasedself-confidence.Theseeffectsaren’tjustshort-termbuthavebeenprovedtoaffectateen’swell-beingintheyearstocome.●You’llhavemoretimewithfamily.Familieswhovolunteertogetherhavetheuniqueexperienceofworkingtowardacommongoal.___20___Everyonebringssomethinguniquetothetableandcanconnectwitheachotherinanewway.And,therearetasksforeveryageandability,soallyourchildrencanfeelproudoftheirwork.A.Helpingthecommunitylowersratesofdepression.B.Volunteeringasafamilymaybejustthethingyouneed.C.Volunteeringhasalifelongeffectonkidsandteenagers.D.Volunteeringcanbethefirststepinbreakingdownprejudice.E.Foradults,volunteeringcanprovidesignificantphysicalhealthbenefits.F.Youmayevenlearnthatyourkidhasatalentyoudidn’tknowaboutbefore.G.Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday.【答案】16.B17.G18.E19.C20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹家庭共同參與志愿活動(dòng)帶來(lái)的意外好處，包括感覺時(shí)間更充裕、促進(jìn)身體健康、對(duì)青少年產(chǎn)生長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)積極影響以及增進(jìn)家庭互動(dòng)等?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Areyoulookingforawaytobringyourfamilytogether?Hopingtofindahobbythatcanbesharedbyboththelittleonesandadults?(你在尋找讓家人團(tuán)聚的方法嗎？希望找到一個(gè)大人和小孩都能參與的愛好嗎)”可知，此處以提問方式引出家庭共同活動(dòng)的需求，空格處需給出解決方案。B選項(xiàng)“Volunteeringasafamilymaybejustthethingyouneed.(全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的)”中的“Volunteeringasafamily”直接回應(yīng)“bringyourfamilytogether”和“sharedhobby”，引出下文對(duì)家庭志愿活動(dòng)好處的具體說明，符合語(yǔ)境。故選B項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)段落主題句“You’llfeellikeyouhavemoretime.(你會(huì)覺得自己有更多時(shí)間)”及上文“Yet,researchhasfoundthatgivingyourtimetocommunitycausesactuallymakesyoufeellikeyouhavemoreofit.(然而，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，把時(shí)間投入到社區(qū)事業(yè)中實(shí)際上會(huì)讓你覺得自己擁有更多時(shí)間)”可推知，設(shè)空處需解釋“感覺時(shí)間更多”的原因。G選項(xiàng)“Volunteeringmakesyoufeelcapableandinspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday.(志愿活動(dòng)讓你感覺有能力，并激勵(lì)你充分利用每一天)”中的“makesyoufeelcapable”和“inspiresyoutomakethemostofeachday”從心理層面解釋了為何志愿活動(dòng)會(huì)讓人產(chǎn)生時(shí)間更充裕的感覺，與“feellikeyouhavemoretime”形成因果關(guān)聯(lián)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)下文“WashingtonUniversityfoundthatadults55andolderwhovolunteeredhadbettermemoryandmaintainedoverallhealthlongerthanotherstheirage.(華盛頓大學(xué)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，55歲及以上的成年人中，參與志愿服務(wù)的人群比同齡人擁有更優(yōu)的記憶力，且能更長(zhǎng)久地維持整體健康狀態(tài))”可知，本段聚焦志愿活動(dòng)對(duì)成年人身體健康的益處。E選項(xiàng)“Foradults,volunteeringcanprovidesignificantphysicalhealthbenefits.(對(duì)成年人來(lái)說，志愿活動(dòng)可以帶來(lái)顯著的身體健康益處)”中的“Foradults”對(duì)應(yīng)“adults55andolder”，“physicalhealthbenefits”概括了“bettermemory”和“maintainedoverallhealth”，與本段的主題吻合。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“Volunteeringduringteenageyearshasbeenlinkedtosomemajorpositiveeffectssuchasimprovedgradesandincreasedself-confidence.Theseeffectsaren’tjustshort-termbuthavebeenprovedtoaffectteen’swell-beingintheyearstocome.(青少年時(shí)期參與志愿服務(wù)已被證實(shí)與一些重要的積極影響相關(guān)，例如成績(jī)提升和自信心增強(qiáng)。這些影響并非只是短期的，而是已被證明會(huì)在未來(lái)數(shù)年持續(xù)影響青少年的身心健康)”可知，本段主題為志愿活動(dòng)對(duì)青少年的長(zhǎng)期影響。C選項(xiàng)“Volunteeringhasalifelongeffectonkidsandteenagers.(志愿活動(dòng)對(duì)兒童和青少年有終身影響)”中的“l(fā)ifelongeffect”對(duì)應(yīng)“affectteen’swell-beingintheyearstocome”，“onkidsandteenagers”覆蓋段落討論的年齡群體，符合段落主旨。故選C項(xiàng)。【20題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Familieswhovolunteertogetherhavetheuniqueexperienceofworkingtowardacommongoal.(一起做志愿者的家庭有朝著共同目標(biāo)努力的獨(dú)特經(jīng)歷)”及下文“Everyonebringssomethinguniquetothetableandcanconnectwitheachotherinanewway.(每個(gè)人都能帶來(lái)獨(dú)特的東西，并能以新的方式相互聯(lián)系)”可推知，設(shè)空處需補(bǔ)充家庭志愿活動(dòng)中成員間的具體互動(dòng)。F選項(xiàng)“Youmayevenlearnthatyourkidhastalentyoudidn’tknowaboutbefore.(你甚至可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)你的孩子有你以前不知道的天賦)”中的“l(fā)earnthatyourkidhastalent”體現(xiàn)“Everyonebringssomethingunique”，且“inanewway”對(duì)應(yīng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)孩子未知天賦”的新穎體驗(yàn)，銜接上下文。故選F項(xiàng)。3.（2025年1月浙江首考）Oneofthemostcommonmistakesincommunicationistryingtodotoomuch.____36____There’snovalueindeliveringanykindofcommunication,whetherwritten,spoken,formal,orinformal,ifthemessagedoesn’tcomeacrossclearly.Beingclearandbrief—whilemaintaininginterestandincludingeverythingyourlistenersneedtoknow—isahigh-levelcommunicationskill.Herearesometipsworthfollowinginordertocommunicatemoreeffectively.Keepyouraudienceinmind.Youraudiencewillnaturallybemoreinterestedandengagedwhenyoutailoryourcommunicationstotheirinterests.____37____Thiswillengagetheirdesiretounderstandandinteractwiththeinformation.Don’tusetenwordswhenonewilldo.Eventhemostengagedandcommittedaudiencewilleventuallygetbored.Keepingyourmessagesimpleandclearwillmakeiteasierforpeopletounderstand.____38____However,they’rehearingitforthefirsttime.Keepitsimple.____39____Ifyou’veeverworkedasaninstructor,manager,trainerorcoach,you’llknowthattherearefewbetterwaystolearnnewinformationthantoteachit.Asktheaudiencetocontributetheirideasortotakearoleinexplainingnewconceptsandpoliciestoothers.Allowthemtoleaddiscussionsandmeetingstodeveloptheircommunicationskills.Considerthebestmethodtodeliveryourmessage.Iftheinformationyou’recommunicatingisn’turgent,considersendinganemail.Writtencommunicationwillgiveyouraudiencemoretimetoreviewit,thinkitover,andfollowupwithquestions.____40____Buildingeffectivecommunicationskillstakestimebuttheeffectsareworththeeffort.A.Bepatient.B.Gettheaudienceinvolved.C.Thebestmessagesareoftensimple.D.Speakdirectlytowhatmatterstothem.E.Youmaybesurprisedbywhatyourlistenersoffer.F.Itwillalsogivethemahandyrecordtoreferbackto.G.Asthespeaker,youalreadyknowwhatyou’regoingtosay.【答案】36.C37.D38.G39.B40.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一些更有效地進(jìn)行溝通的技巧?！?6題詳解】上文“Oneofthemostcommonmistakesincommunicationistryingtodotoomuch.(溝通中最常見的錯(cuò)誤之一就是試圖做得太多)”指出“做得太多”是溝通中易犯的錯(cuò)誤，C選項(xiàng)“Thebestmessagesareoftensimple.(最好的信息往往是簡(jiǎn)單的)”承接上文，明確正確溝通方法，即不要“做得太多”，要避免復(fù)雜，追求簡(jiǎn)單，句中“simple”與上文“toomuch”形成對(duì)比。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Youraudiencewillnaturallybemoreinterestedandengagedwhenyoutailoryourcommunicationstotheirinterests.(當(dāng)你根據(jù)受眾的興趣來(lái)調(diào)整你的溝通內(nèi)容時(shí)，他們自然會(huì)更感興趣、更投入)”強(qiáng)調(diào)要迎合受眾興趣，D選項(xiàng)“Speakdirectlytowhatmatterstothem.(直接談?wù)搶?duì)他們重要的事情)”進(jìn)一步說明了具體做法，即直接針對(duì)受眾關(guān)心的事情進(jìn)行交流，與上文邏輯一致。故選D項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】下文“However,they’rehearingitforthefirsttime.(然而，他們是第一次聽到這些)”與設(shè)空句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。G選項(xiàng)“Asthespeaker,youalreadyknowwhatyou’regoingtosay.(作為演講者，你已經(jīng)知道你要說什么了)”與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，演講者自己熟悉內(nèi)容，但聽眾是初次接觸，同時(shí)，句中“whatyou’regoingtosay”與下文中指示代詞“it”構(gòu)成指代關(guān)系，上下文邏輯連貫。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“Ifyou’veeverworkedasaninstructor,manager,trainerorcoach,you’llknowthattherearefewbetterwaystolearnnewinformationthantoteachit.Asktheaudiencetocontributetheirideasortotakearoleinexplainingnewconceptsandpoliciestoothers.(如果你曾經(jīng)當(dāng)過導(dǎo)師、經(jīng)理、培訓(xùn)師或教練，你就會(huì)知道，沒有比教別人更好的學(xué)習(xí)新信息的方法了。讓聽眾貢獻(xiàn)他們的想法，或者讓他們扮演向他人解釋新概念和政策的角色)”建議讓受眾參與其中，B選項(xiàng)“Gettheaudienceinvolved.(讓受眾參與進(jìn)來(lái))”能概括這部分內(nèi)容，適合作段首小標(biāo)題。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Iftheinformationyou’recommunicatingisn’turgent,considersendinganemail.Writtencommunicationwillgiveyouraudiencemoretimetoreviewit,thinkitover,andfollowupwithquestions.(如果你傳達(dá)的信息不緊急，考慮發(fā)電子郵件。書面溝通會(huì)給你的受眾更多時(shí)間來(lái)復(fù)習(xí)、思考，并跟進(jìn)提問)”說明了發(fā)郵件這種書面溝通的好處，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“Itwillalsogivethemahandyrecordtoreferbackto.(它還會(huì)給他們提供一個(gè)方便查閱的記錄)”進(jìn)一步補(bǔ)充了發(fā)郵件的另一個(gè)好處，與上文邏輯緊密。故選F項(xiàng)。4.（2025高考北京卷）Whatisadulthood?Societiesallovertheworldviewtheconceptofanadultasself-supportingandself-directed,becauseitidentifiesapointinthelifecycle.AsAliceBlackpointsout,today’sparents’fearoflettingkidsdomorehouseworkhasaddedtotheirinabilitytofeelcompetentand,thus,confidentinthemselves.PsychologistRobertTurnerwroteaboutthisinhisbook,TheLifeCycle,mentioningastagewhenkidslearnself-directionandmastery.____35____ButTurner’sothercyclesarejustasimportant.____36____Iftheselifecyclesaredelayed,interrupted,ordenied,youfeelincapableofaccessingyourstatesofself,controllingunpleasantfeelings,andmanipulating(操控)theenergythatputstogetherthefabricofyourinnerworld.Turnerwiselysaidthat“doingwell”psychologicallyisbeingabletorollwiththeflowofemotions,managethem,communicateclearlyandwellwithothers,andmastervariousskills.Thisrequiresaninternallocus(核心)ofcontrol,whichimpliesself-controlofyourthoughts,feelings,andactions.____37____You’reself-directedandnotreliantontheworldtotellyouwhoyouare.Andyouknowwhoyouarewithinallthis.So,beinganadultisn’tjustholdingajob.Beinganadultisabouthavingarootedsenseofselfwhilebeingcapableofidentifyingandmanagingyouremotionsandactions.____38____Weareasocialspecies,sothisisimportant.Whileraisinganadultisaparent’sjob,it’salsoourresponsibilityasasocietytoensurethatwesupportschoolsthatnurture(培養(yǎng))emotionalandidentitydevelopment.____39____A.It’salsoourjobtosupportadultswhoneedhelprepairingincompletelifecycles.B.Theytalkaboutsomeone’sinabilitytosupportthemselvesthroughwork.C.It’sbeingabletoshowunderstandingwhencommunicatingwithothers.D.Inotherwords,you’replayingthegameoflife—lifeisn’tplayingyou.E.Theyteachemotionalawarenessandmanagementaswellasidentity.F.Youfeellikean18-yearold,especiallywhenplaying80smusic.G.Whenthisstageisdenieditcreatesasenseofinsecurity.【答案】35.G36.E37.D38.C39.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文，文章主要探討了成年人的定義及其所需具備的特質(zhì)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了社會(huì)在培養(yǎng)成年人方面的責(zé)任?！?5題詳解】由上文“AsAliceBlackpointsout,today’sparents’fearoflettingkidsdomorehouseworkhasaddedtotheirinabilitytofeelcompetentand,thus,confidentinthemselves.PsychologistRobertTurnerwroteaboutthisinhisbook,TheLifeCycle,mentioningastagewhenkidslearnself-directionandmastery.(正如AliceBlack所指出的，如今父母害怕讓孩子做更多家務(wù)，這加劇了孩子們無(wú)法感受到自身的能力，進(jìn)而也導(dǎo)致他們對(duì)自己缺乏自信。心理學(xué)家RobertTurner在他的著作《生命周期》中提到了這一點(diǎn)，他提到了孩子們學(xué)習(xí)自我指導(dǎo)和掌握技能的階段。)”可知，本空應(yīng)強(qiáng)調(diào)這個(gè)階段的重要性或缺失這個(gè)階段會(huì)帶來(lái)什么影響。G選項(xiàng)“Whenthisstageisdenieditcreatesasenseofinsecurity.(當(dāng)這個(gè)階段被剝奪時(shí)，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生一種不安全感。)”符合題意，承接上文，說明了這個(gè)階段被剝奪的后果。故選G。【36題詳解】由上文“ButTurner’sothercyclesarejustasimportant.(但Turner的其他周期也同樣重要。)”以及下文“Iftheselifecyclesaredelayed,interrupted,ordenied,youfeelincapableofaccessingyourstatesofself,controllingunpleasantfeelings,andmanipulating(操控)theenergythatputstogetherthefabricofyourinnerworld.(如果這些生命周期被延遲、中斷或拒絕，你會(huì)覺得自己無(wú)法進(jìn)入自我狀態(tài)，無(wú)法控制不愉快的情緒，也無(wú)法操控構(gòu)成你內(nèi)心世界結(jié)構(gòu)的能量。)”可知，本空應(yīng)解釋它們的重要性體現(xiàn)在哪里。E選項(xiàng)“Theyteachemotionalawarenessandmanagementaswellasidentity.(它們教授情感意識(shí)和管理以及身份認(rèn)同。)”能承上啟下，符合題意。故選E?！?7題詳解】由上文“Turnerwiselysaidthat“doingwell”psychologicallyisbeingabletorollwiththeflowofemotions,managethem,communicateclearlyandwellwithothers,andmastervariousskills.Thisrequiresaninternallocus(核心)ofcontrol,whichimpliesself-controlofyourthoughts,feelings,andactions.(Turner明智地指出，從心理上講，“做得好”就是能夠順應(yīng)情緒的流動(dòng)，管理它們，與他人清晰而良好地溝通，并掌握各種技能。這需要一個(gè)內(nèi)部的控制點(diǎn)，這意味著對(duì)自己的思想、情感和行動(dòng)進(jìn)行自我控制。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步解釋這種內(nèi)部控制點(diǎn)或自我控制的意義。D選項(xiàng)“Inotherwords,you’replayingthegameoflife—lifeisn’tplayingyou.(換句話說，你是在玩人生的游戲——而不是人生在玩你。)”能承接上文，符合題意，用比喻的方式解釋了內(nèi)部控制點(diǎn)的意義，即你能夠掌控自己的人生，而不是被人生所掌控。故選D。【38題詳解】由上文“So,beinganadultisn’tjustholdingajob.Beinganadultisabouthavingarootedsenseofselfwhilebeingcapableofidentifyingandmanagingyouremotionsandactions.(所以，成為一個(gè)成年人不僅僅是擁有一份工作。成為一個(gè)成年人意味著擁有一種根深蒂固的自我意識(shí)，同時(shí)能夠識(shí)別和管理自己的情緒和行動(dòng)。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步描述成年人的其他特質(zhì)或能力。C選項(xiàng)“It’sbeingabletoshowunderstandingwhencommunicatingwithothers.(它是在與他人交流時(shí)能夠表現(xiàn)出理解。)”能承接上文，符合題意，補(bǔ)充了成年人在與他人交流時(shí)應(yīng)具備的能力，即表現(xiàn)出理解。故選C。【39題詳解】由上文“Whileraisinganadultisaparent’sjob,it’salsoourresponsibilityasasocietytoensurethatwesupportschoolsthatnurture(培養(yǎng))emotionalandidentitydevelopment.(雖然培養(yǎng)一個(gè)成年人是父母的工作，但作為社會(huì)，我們也有責(zé)任確保我們支持那些培養(yǎng)情感和身份發(fā)展的學(xué)校。)”可知，本空應(yīng)進(jìn)一步描述社會(huì)在培養(yǎng)成年人方面的其他責(zé)任。A選項(xiàng)“It’salsoourjobtosupportadultswhoneedhelprepairingincompletelifecycles.(支持那些需要幫助修復(fù)不完整生命周期的成年人也是我們的工作。)”能承接上文，符合題意，補(bǔ)充了社會(huì)在培養(yǎng)成年人方面的另一項(xiàng)責(zé)任，即支持那些需要幫助修復(fù)不完整生命周期的成年人。故選A。1.（2024年新高考I卷）Notallgreatwritersaregreatspellers.Ifyouwanttobepublished,it'svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(原稿).____36____Noeditorislikelytotolerateawriterwhodoesnottakethetroubletospellwordscorrectly.Ikeeptworeferencebooksclose-byonmydesk:dictionaryandthesaurus(同義詞詞典).Idon'ttrustmylaptop'sspellchecker.____37____Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI'mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.IusetheConciseOxfordDictionaryandtheCollinsThesaurus.____38____Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.Inaddition,Ihaveanoldtwo-volumecopyoftheShorterOxfordDictionary,pickedupafewyearsagoinabookshopsaleforjust99pence.Ofcourse,withits2,672pages,it'snotexactlyshort.Itcontainsaround163,000words,pluswordcombinationsandidiomaticphrases.____39____However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there'snothingbetter.ForwelloverahundredyearsthemostinfluentialEnglishdictionarywasSamuelJohnson'sDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguagepublishedin1755."Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,"wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof"dull".____40____Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.A.Idon'toftenusethisdictionary.B.Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.C.ButIstilldon'twanttoreplacethem.D.Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.E.Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.F.Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.G.Dictionariesdon'talwaysgiveyouenoughinformation.【答案】36.F37.B38.E39.A40.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了作者使用英語(yǔ)詞典的經(jīng)驗(yàn)和心得以及從中獲得的樂趣?！?6題詳解】上文“Ifyouwanttobepublished,it’svitaltosubmitaperfect,professionallypresentedmanuscript(如果你想發(fā)表，提交一份完美的、專業(yè)的手稿是至關(guān)重要的)”提到了完美的、專業(yè)的手稿的重要性，手稿中不能有語(yǔ)法和拼寫錯(cuò)誤是專業(yè)的手稿的要求之一。F選項(xiàng)“Thatmeansgoodgrammarandnospellingmistakes.(這意味著語(yǔ)法正確，沒有拼寫錯(cuò)誤。)”是對(duì)手稿要求的進(jìn)一步解釋說明，符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Idon’ttrustmylaptop’sspellchecker.(我不相信我筆記本電腦的拼寫檢查器。)”提到了作者不相信電腦的拼寫檢查器;下文“Ofcourse,thesedaysthereareplentyofonlinedictionariesandthesauruses,butI’mold-fashionedenoughtopreferahardcoverandpagesIcanleafthroughwithmyfingers.(當(dāng)然，現(xiàn)在有很多在線詞典和同義詞庫(kù)，但我是一個(gè)守舊的人，更喜歡精裝的書和能用手指翻閱的書頁(yè)。)”提到了作者更喜歡實(shí)體書和能用手指翻閱的書頁(yè)，說明電子設(shè)備可能不會(huì)考慮上下文，所以B選項(xiàng)“Ittakesnoaccountofthecontext.(它不考慮上下文。)”解釋了上文的原因，具有承上啟下的作用。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“Itshouldgiveyouaprecisedefinitionofeachword,thusdifferentiatingitfromotherwordswhosemeaningsaresimilar,butnotidentical.Itwillalsousuallyshowhowthewordispronounced.(它應(yīng)該給出每個(gè)單詞的精確定義，從而將其與其他含義相似但不相同的單詞區(qū)分開來(lái)。它通常還會(huì)顯示單詞的發(fā)音。)”提到了字典的功能，E選項(xiàng)“Ofcourse,adictionaryisnotonlyforspelling.(當(dāng)然，字典不僅僅是用來(lái)拼寫的。)”提到了字典的部分功能，能引起下文內(nèi)容。故選E項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“However,ifIneedtochecktheoriginofawordortolookupexamplesofitsusage,there’snothingbetter.(然而，如果我需要檢查一個(gè)單詞的來(lái)源或查找其用法的例子，沒有什么比這更好的了。)”提到了字典的使用情況，A選項(xiàng)“Idon’toftenusethisdictionary.(我不經(jīng)常用這本字典。)”是對(duì)字典使用頻率的說明，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“

“Tomakedictionariesisdull(乏味)work,”wroteJohnson,illustratingonedefinitionof”dull".(約翰遜在解釋“dull”的一個(gè)定義時(shí)寫道：“編字典是件無(wú)聊的工作(乏味)?！?”提到了編寫字典是件乏味的工作，下文“Afewminutesspentcastingyoureyeoverapageortwocanbearewardingexperience.(花幾分鐘的時(shí)間瀏覽一兩頁(yè)是一種有益的體驗(yàn)。)”提到瀏覽字典也是一種閱讀的樂趣，D選項(xiàng)“Butadictionarycanbeapleasuretoread.(但是一本字典讀起來(lái)是一種樂趣。)”是作者對(duì)字典的評(píng)價(jià)，與上文的“乏味”形成對(duì)比，與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D項(xiàng)。2.（2024年新高考II卷）OvertourismIsForReal:HowCanYouHelp?Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.___16___Certainlynot.Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.Herearesometipsonmakingwisedecisionstominimizepressureontheplaceswevisitandimproveourexperience.●Choosemindfully.Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.___17___●Getcreative.Thebestwaytoeasepressureonover-touristeddestinationsistogosomewhereelse.Thoughovertourismisdescribedasaproblemaffectingtheentireworld,it’sactuallyconcentratedtoasmallnumberofextremelypopularspots.Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.___18___Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination’slesser-knownsights?●___19___Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.You’llcompetewithfewertourists,savemoney,experienceadifferentsideofapopularplace,andboosttheeconomywhentourismistraditionallyslower.Visitingaplacethatotherscallhomeisaprivilege(榮幸).Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.___20___Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou’llfeeltothepeoplethere.A.Visitduringoff-peaktimes.B.So,shouldwestoptraveling?C.Travelforyouandnooneelse.D.Canovertourismbeavoidedthen?E.Youcanstillfindrelativelyundiscoveredplaces.F.You’llfindyourselfvirtuallyalone,orclosetoit.G.Considergivingbacktothecommunitiesyou’revisiting.【答案】16.B17.C18.E19.A20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了如何避免“過度旅游”的現(xiàn)象。【16題詳解】前文“Travelpromotesunderstanding,expandsourminds,makesusbetterpeople,andboostslocaleconomiesandcommunities,buttherapidgrowthoftravelhasledtoovertourismincertainregionsanddestinations.(旅游促進(jìn)理解，擴(kuò)展我們的思想，使我們成為更好的人，促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)和社區(qū)，但旅游業(yè)的快速發(fā)展導(dǎo)致了某些地區(qū)和目的地的過度旅游)”表明旅游帶來(lái)了一些問題，后文“Thelossofwhattravelofferswouldbeunacceptableintoday’sworld.(在當(dāng)今世界，失去旅行所能提供的東西將是不可接受的)”表示不能失去旅行，結(jié)合后文“Certainlynot.(當(dāng)然不)”可知，空處提問能否停止旅行，D選項(xiàng)“那么，我們應(yīng)該停止旅行嗎？”符合語(yǔ)境。故選B。【17題詳解】前文“Overvisiteddestinationsarethatwayforareason:they’respecial.Withsomanyonlinepostsfeaturingthesameplaces,it’seasytofeellikeyou’remissingout.Gosomewhereonlywhenthelandscape,cultureorfooddeeplydrawsyou.(游客過多的目的地是有原因的：它們很特別。網(wǎng)上有這么多關(guān)于同一個(gè)地方的帖子，很容易讓你覺得你錯(cuò)過了。只有當(dāng)風(fēng)景、文化或食物深深吸引你時(shí)，才去某個(gè)地方)”表明不要跟風(fēng)旅游，C選項(xiàng)“為你而不是其他人旅行”表明要關(guān)注自己在旅行時(shí)的感受，忠實(shí)自己的感受，不用管其余的建議，符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?8題詳解】前文“Thatmeansyouhavetonsofless-visitedoptionstochoosefrom.(這意味著你有很多不太受歡迎的選擇)及后文“Whynottryaregionalalternativeorcheckoutapopulardestination’slesser-knownsights?(為什么不嘗試一個(gè)地區(qū)性的選擇，或者看看一個(gè)熱門目的地不太為人所知的景點(diǎn)呢)”提出建議，可以選擇一些冷門的景點(diǎn)，E選項(xiàng)“你仍然可以找到相對(duì)未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的地方”語(yǔ)境一致。故選E?！?9題詳解】空處為小標(biāo)題，根據(jù)后文“Minimizeimpactandmaximizeexperiencebyskippingmajorholidaysorrushhour.(通過跳過重大節(jié)假日或高峰時(shí)間來(lái)最小化影響并最大化體驗(yàn))”表示旅游時(shí)要注意避開高峰期，選擇合適的時(shí)間，A選項(xiàng)“在非高峰時(shí)間參觀”概括本段內(nèi)容。故選A?！?0題詳解】前文“Doyourparttopreservewhatmakesadestinationspecialinthefirstplace.(盡你的一份力，從一開始就保護(hù)一個(gè)目的地的特別之處)”表明旅游時(shí)應(yīng)保護(hù)旅游景點(diǎn)，后文“Youmaybeamazedhowmuchcloseryou’llfeeltothepeoplethere.(你可能會(huì)驚訝地發(fā)現(xiàn)你和那里的人感覺如此親近)”表示這樣做的感受，G選項(xiàng)“考慮回饋你所訪問的社區(qū)”承上啟下，符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。3.（2024年浙江卷1月）Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.___16___Butareallonlinecoursescreatedequal?Howcanyoubesurethatdigitallearningisrightforyou?___17___Weinterviewedstudentsandprofessorstogettheiradviceaboutonlinecourses,Themostobviousadvantageofonlinelearningisthatyoucanstudyanywhereandanytime.___18___“Ithinkapointthatmanypeoplelosesightofishoweasyitcanbetofallbehindschedule,”saysgraduatestudentAmandaBindman.Beforechoosingtostudyonline,considerwhetheryou’reaself-motivatedlearnerandifthematerialseemsinterestingenoughtokeepyougoing.Thetipthatcomesupmostoftenissimple:buildonlinecoursesintoyourweeklyschedule,justlikewhatyouwoulddowithinpersoncourses.___19___Henotedthathisonlinestudentsusuallyendupwithlowergrades.Itissoeasytoletanonlinecourseslide,butyourgradeswillsufferasaresult.Besuretoschedulesettimestowatchyourlectures,readmaterialsandcontributetoonlinediscussionboards.___20___Asocialconnectionisoftenabigpartoflearning.Therearethingsyoucandotoeasethisproblem.JessicaPink,anundergraduatestudent,suggeststakingonlinecourseswithafriend,soyoucanmotivateeachothertostayontrack.Youcanalsofindstudentsontheclassdiscussionboardtoorganizeastudygroup,orschedulein-personmeetingswithyourprofessortodiscusscourseconcepts.A.Butthatdoesn’tmeantherearen’tdeadlines.B.Yourmotivationshouldbeyourmainconcern.C.Doyouknowthatonlinecoursesarealsopartofyoureducation?D.ProfessorAlexDavidsonteachesthesamecourseinpersonandonline.E.Thechiefcomplaintaboutonlinecoursesisthattheylackhumaninteraction.F.Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?G.Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.【答案】16.G17.F18.A19.D20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了在線學(xué)習(xí)的注意事項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】由上文“Inthepastfewyears,onlinelearninghasbecomeasignificantpartoftheuniversityandcollegeexperience.(在過去的幾年里，在線學(xué)習(xí)已經(jīng)成為大學(xué)生活的重要組成部分)”可知，在線學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)大學(xué)生活很重要，本空要說跟“這種現(xiàn)象的具體表現(xiàn)”有關(guān)的話題，故G選項(xiàng)“Asurveyfoundthat29percentofcollegestudentsregisteredforonlinecourses.(一項(xiàng)調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)，29%的大學(xué)生注冊(cè)了在線課程。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選G?！?7題詳解】由上文“Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?(但是所有的在線課程都是平等的嗎？你如何確定數(shù)字化學(xué)習(xí)適合你？)”可知，上文對(duì)在線課程提出疑問，本空可以繼續(xù)提出疑問，故F選項(xiàng)“Ifyoutakeanonlinecourse,whatcanyoudotoensurethebestpossiblegrade?(如果你參加了在線課程，你能做些什么來(lái)確保盡可能好的成績(jī)？)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選F。【18題詳解】由上文“Themostobvious