2025年北京市初中學業(yè)考試英語試卷考生須知：1.本試卷共10頁，共兩部分，五道大題，38道小題，滿分60分，考試時間為90分鐘。2.在試卷草稿紙準確填寫準確填寫姓名、準考證號和座位號。3.試題答案一律填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。4.在答題卡上，選擇題用2B鉛筆作答，其他試題用黑色字跡簽字筆作答。5.考試結(jié)束，請將本試卷、答題卡和草稿紙一并交回。第一部分本部分共33題，共40分。在每題列出的四個選項中，選出最符合題目要求的一項。一、單項填空（每題0.5分，共6分）從下面各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1.Mysisterisgoodatsinging.________canevensingsomeFrenchsongs.A.I B.He C.You D.She【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：我妹妹擅長唱歌。她甚至能唱一些法語歌曲?？疾榇~辨析。I我；He他；You你；She她。根據(jù)“Mysisterisgoodatsinging.”可知，此處指“我”妹妹會唱法語歌曲，指第三人稱，且為女性，故用代詞She指代。故選D。2.TheseChineseastronautswillstayinthespacestation________sixmonths.A.at B.on C.to D.for【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：這些中國宇航員將在空間站停留六個月?？疾榻樵~辨析。at后接具體時刻；on后接具體某一天；to到；for后接一段時間。根據(jù)“stayinthespacestation…sixmonths.”可知，宇航員將在空間站待六個月，for+一段時間。故選D。3.—Mom,________IgotothecinemawithmyclassmatesthisSundayafternoon?—Yes,ofcourseyoucan.A.can B.must C.need D.should【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——媽媽，這個星期天下午我能和同學們一起去看電影嗎？——是的，你當然可以?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞。can可以；must必須；need需要；should應該。根據(jù)“ofcourseyoucan”可知，此處表示請求，應用句式CanI…?。故選A。4.TheNationalLibraryofChinais________publiclibraryinAsia.A.large B.larger C.largest D.thelargest【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：中國國家圖書館是亞洲最大的公共圖書館?？疾樽罡呒墶arge大的，原級；larger更大的，比較級；largest最大的，最高級；thelargest最大的，最高級。根據(jù)“inAsia”可知，此處含比較范圍，在亞洲境內(nèi)的圖書館，三者以上的比較用最高級，形容詞最高級前加定冠詞the。故選D。5.—Steve,________didyoubegintolearnhowtoplaychess?—Abouttwoyearsago.A.what B.when C.why D.where【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——Steve，你什么時候開始學習下棋的？——大約兩年前?？疾樘厥庖蓡柧洹hat什么；when什么時候；why為什么；where在哪里。根據(jù)“Abouttwoyearsago.”可知，此處詢問時間，用when提問。故選B。6.Janethasdonealotforus,________wewanttowriteherathank-youletter.A.or B.but C.so D.for【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：珍妮特為我們做了很多，所以我們想給她寫一封感謝信?？疾檫B詞辨析。or或者；but但是；so因此；for因為。分析句子可知，因為珍妮特為我們做了很多，所以給她寫感謝信，前后是因果關(guān)系，應用so連接。故選C。7.Mary________apicturewhenherdadgothomeyesterdayevening.A.draws B.wasdrawing C.isdrawing D.willdraw【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：昨天晚上，當她的爸爸回家時，瑪麗正在畫畫?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。本句是含when引導的時間狀語從句的復合句，從句動作發(fā)生時，主句動作正在進行，從句是一般過去時，主句應為過去進行時，結(jié)構(gòu)是was/weredoing，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，be動詞用was。故選B。8.Charlie________hisgrandparentseveryweekend.Helovesthemverymuch.A.visits B.wasvisiting C.willvisit D.hasvisited【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：查理每個周末都會去看望他的祖父母。他非常愛他們?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)。根據(jù)“everyweekend”可知，此處描述經(jīng)常性的動作，應為一般現(xiàn)在時，主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動詞用其單三形式。故選A。9.—Peter,didyouplaytabletenniswithyourfriendsafterschoolyesterday?—No,Ididn’t.We________vegetablesinourschoolgarden.A.water B.havewatered C.watered D.aregoingtowater【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——彼得，你昨天放學后和朋友們打乒乓球了嗎？——不，我沒有。我們在學?；▓@里澆了蔬菜。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“afterschoolyesterday”可知，此處描述過去發(fā)生的事情，應為一般過去時，謂語動詞用其過去式。故選C。10.Manyinternationalstudents________tovisitourschoolsincelastyear.A.arecoming B.havecome C.came D.willcome【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：自去年以來，許多國際學生來參觀我們學校。考查動詞時態(tài)。根據(jù)“sincelastyear”可知，句子時態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時，結(jié)構(gòu)是have/hasdone。故選B。11.Languagelearningapps________bymoreandmorepeoplethesedays.A.use B.used C.areused D.wereused【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：如今，越來越多的人在使用語言學習應用程序?？疾閯釉~時態(tài)及被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“thesedays”可知，時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時。結(jié)合“by”可知，此處是被動語態(tài)，應用程序被人們使用。故選C。12.—Linda,doyouknow________fortheschooltripthisterm?—Yes.WearegoingtotheCapitalMuseum.A.wherewearegoing B.wherewewent C.wherearewegoing D.wheredidwego【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——琳達，你知道這學期我們學校旅行要去哪里嗎？——是的。我們要去首都博物館。考查賓語從句。根據(jù)“doyouknow...fortheschooltripthisterm”可知，空處填入的是賓語從句，用陳述句序，因此排除選項C和D（均為疑問語序）；結(jié)合回答“WearegoingtotheCapitalMuseum.”可知，此時賓語從句用一般將來時，排除選項B（為一般過去時）。故選A。二、完形填空（每題1分，共8分）閱讀下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。TheNewYearpartywasusuallyheldatmyaunt’shouseandmyfavoritepartwastheapplecake.Attheageof11,whenIfirstfoundoutthatmygrandfather,whowasneverinthekitchen,wasthemasterbehindit,Iwasgreatly____13____.AndIthoughtthatthiswastheperfectchancetogettherecipe(制作方法),andthatIcouldactuallyhaveatimeto____14____withhim.Sincethen,Iwouldgotomyaunt’searlyonthemorningofNewYear’sDay,andwe’dmakethecaketogetherhappily.IwasamazedthatGrandpacouldpeelanappleinonerind.Andwe’dmixeverythingandputitintotheoven.Oncethecakewasdone,thehousewouldimmediatelysmelllikeapples.ButasIgotolder,sodidGrandpa.OneNewYear’sDay,asIwastakingouttheapplesfromtheshoppingbag____15____asusual,helookedatmeandsaid,“Sophia,whatareyoudoing?”Iwasshocked.Iknewthathewasbeginningtoforgetthings,butIdidn’tthinkhewouldforgetthis.Itwasour___16___.Itwasourtimeofbonding(聯(lián)絡感情).Myheartached.“We’remakingtheapplecake.Youknow,wealwaysmakeacakeonNewYear’sDay.”Andhesaid,“Applecake?Canyouteachme?”Now,Iwasterrified(很害怕的).Still,I____17____GrandpainmakingthecakebecauseIdidn’twantthistraditiontodie.Butthewholetimeitjustdidn’tfeelthesame.Fast-forwardtothisNewYear,Grandpawasinhospital,andwe’dhaveourfamilygettogetherthere.Tobringabitof____18____tothefamily,Idecidedtomaketheapplecakeathomebymyself.ButIwas____19____myselfthewholetime.Iwasafraidthecakewasgoingtotasteterriblebecauseitdidn’thaveGrandpa’stouch.Atthehospital,everyonewassurrounding(圍繞)him,creatingsome____20____.Grandpalookeddownatthecake,andthenlookedbackupatmeandsmiled.AndIfeltmemoriesofoursharedmomentsfloodingbacktohim.Eventhoughhewasinhospital,itfeltlikewehadmadethecaketogether.13.A.surprised B.worried C.scared D.satisfied14.A.compare B.connect C.study D.perform15.A.cheerfully B.proudly C.nervously D.curiously16.A.record B.rule C.interest D.tradition17.A.served B.guided C.followed D.protected18.A.trust B.company C.respect D.comfort19.A.cheating B.excusing C.doubting D.thanking20.A.space B.wealth C.magic D.warmth【答案】13.A14.B15.A16.D17.B18.D19.C20.D【解析】【導語】本文講述作者與祖父制作蘋果蛋糕的傳統(tǒng)，以及祖父年老失憶后，作者努力延續(xù)這一溫馨回憶的故事。【13題詳解】句意：11歲時，當我第一次發(fā)現(xiàn)我的祖父是廚房的主人時，我非常驚訝。surprised驚訝的；worried擔心的；scared害怕的；satisfied滿意的。根據(jù)“whowasneverinthekitchen”與“masterbehindit”的對比，可知此處指非常驚訝。故選A?！?4題詳解】句意：我認為這是獲得食譜的絕佳機會，我實際上可以有時間和他聯(lián)系。compare比較；connect連接；study學習；perform表演。根據(jù)“andthatIcouldactuallyhaveatimeto…withhim.”及后文提到的“bonding”可知，此處指有時間可以和祖父聯(lián)系。故選B?！?5題詳解】句意：一個元旦，當我像往常一樣高興地從購物袋里拿出蘋果時，他看著我說：“索菲婭，你在干什么？”cheerfully高興地；proudly驕傲地；nervously緊張地；curiously好奇地。根據(jù)“andwe’dmakethecaketogetherhappily.”及“asusual”可知，此處指作者像往常一樣非常高興。故選A?！?6題詳解】句意：這是我們的傳統(tǒng)。record記錄；rule規(guī)則；interest興趣；tradition傳統(tǒng)。根據(jù)“TheNewYearpartywasusuallyheldatmyaunt’shouseandmyfavoritepartwastheapplecake.”可知，在新年夜制作蘋果蛋糕是作者一家的傳統(tǒng)。故選D。【17題詳解】句意：盡管如此，我還是指導爺爺做蛋糕，因為我不想讓這個傳統(tǒng)消亡。served服務；guided指導；followed跟隨；protected保護。根據(jù)“Canyouteachme?”及“I…Grandpainmakingthecake”可知，祖父忘記了如何制作蘋果蛋糕，故此處指作者指導祖父制作蘋果蛋糕。故選B?！?8題詳解】句意：為了給家人帶來一點安慰，我決定自己在家做蘋果蛋糕。trust信任；company陪伴；respect尊重；comfort安慰。根據(jù)“Grandpawasinhospital…Idecidedtomaketheapplecakeathomebymyself.”可知，祖父住院了，為了讓家人感到一些安慰，作者決定自己做蘋果蛋糕。故選D?！?9題詳解】句意：但我一直在懷疑自己。cheating欺騙；excusing原諒；doubting懷疑；thanking感謝。根據(jù)“Iwasafraidthecakewasgoingtotasteterriblebecauseitdidn’thaveGrandpa’stouch.”可知，作者在做蘋果蛋糕時感到害怕，擔心蛋糕味道不好，始終懷疑自己。故選C?！?0題詳解】句意：在醫(yī)院里，每個人都圍著他，制造了一些溫暖。space空間；wealth財富；magic魔法；warmth溫暖。根據(jù)“Atthehospital,everyonewassurrounding(圍繞)him,creatingsome…andsmiled.”可知，每個人都圍繞著祖父，營造了一些溫暖，所以祖父笑了。故選D。三、閱讀理解（每題2分，共26分）（一）下列每個圖片代表一處旅游目的地，請根據(jù)人物的旅行計劃匹配最適合的圖片，并將圖片所對應的選項（A、B、C、D）填在相應位置上，其中一個選項為多余選項。ABCD____21____IwanttotraveltoAfricaandseetheanimals.I’dlovetotakelotsofphotosofelephants,giraffesandotheranimals.I’dliketotrysleepinginatentinthewild.____22____I’dliketogotoNorthAmerica.Ilovetowalkinforests,climbtreesandhikeinthemountains.PerhapsIcouldgobirdwatching,too.Ienjoyexploringnature.____23____I’vedecidedtotourAustraliawithmyfamily.Myplanistogotothebeach,swimintheseaandsitinthesun.Also,we’regoingtoplayvolleyballonthebeach.【答案】21.D22.B23.C【解析】【導語】本文介紹了Tina、Kevin、Nancy的旅行計劃，根據(jù)人物的旅行計劃匹配最適合的圖片?！?1題詳解】根據(jù)“I’dlovetotakelotsofphotosofelephants,giraffesandotheranimals.”可知，Tina想要給大象、長頸鹿等動物拍照，圖片D中有大象、長頸鹿，與其匹配。故選D。【22題詳解】根據(jù)“Ilovetowalkinforests,climbtreesandhikeinthemountains.”可知，Kevin想要在森林中散步、爬樹、去山上遠足等，圖片B中有山、樹木，與其匹配。故選B?！?3題詳解】根據(jù)“Myplanistogotothebeach,swimintheseaandsitinthesun.”可知，Nancy想要去海灘，在海里游泳，沐浴陽光，圖片C中有大海、海灘，與其匹配。故選C。（二）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選擇最佳選項。BWhenIwasyoung,flowersfilledmymom’sgardeneachspring.IneverthoughtthatMomhaddonemuchaboutthembehindthescenes(在幕后),untilshesharedhersecretwithme.OnedaylastNovember,MomandIspentawholemorningplantingflowerbulbs.Idroppedoneineachholeandcovereditoverwithsoil.Myfingerswerenumb(麻木的)bythetimewefinished.However,thegroundlookedjustasflowerbulbemptyandflatasithadbeenbefore.ThenMomtoldmetowait.Ididn’tonlywait—Iwatched.Iwatchedhopefullyallthroughthewinter...OnthelastdayofApril,Iwentoutsidetofindthegardenfullofcolorfulflowers.Ourhardworkpaidoff.“Myboy,tomorrowmorning,”Momsaid,“wewillwalktheneighborhoodandleaveabasketofflowersoneachdoorstep.”“What?”Ialmostcried.“Arewesellingourflowers?”“Ofcoursenot,”shesaidexcitedly.“Infact,nobodywillevenknowthey’refromus.We’llleavethematourneighbors’asasurprise.Doesn’tthatsoundfun?”“Tome,itdoesn’tsoundfunatall”Irepliedunwillingly.“They’reourflowers.Weshouldkeepthemforourselves!”“Flowersarelikekindness,”Momsaid.“Theirbeautyismeanttobeshared.”Earlythenextmorning,Momwokemeup.Webroughtthebasketsandstoppednearthefirsthouse.Itookonebasket,setitbythedoorstepandrangthebell.Thenwequicklyranaway,duckedbehindthetreesandwaited.Finally,thedooropened.Amancameout,lookingsurprised.Hepickeduptheflowerbasketandthensmiled.Momhuggedme.Igotagoodfeelinginside.NowIknewwhatshemeantaboutbeautysharing.Icouldn’twaittogettothenexthouse.Bythetimewegothome,Iwasgrinning(咧著嘴笑)fromeartoear.Thegardenwasempty,butmyheartwasfull.24.Howdidthewriterfeelwhenhewatchedthegardenduringthewinter?A.Empty. B.Excited. C.Hopeful. D.Bored.25.Whathappenedtothebasketsofflowersintheend?A.Theyweresoldforpocketmoney. B.Theyweregiventotheneighbors.C.Theywerecollectedforrecycling. D.Theywereputuponaflowershow.26.Whatmadethewriter’sheartfull?A.Thejoyofspreadingkindness. B.Theexcitementofgrowingflowers.C.Thehonorofhelpingpeopleinneed. D.Thehappinessofgettingclosetonature.【答案】24.C25.B26.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了作者和母親一起種植花并在春天將鮮花分享給鄰居的故事。通過這一經(jīng)歷，作者理解了“分享美麗”的意義，并感受到了傳播善意的快樂?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Iwatchedhopefullyallthroughthewinter…”可知，作者在冬天觀察花園時的心情是“充滿希望的”。故選C?！?5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“wewillwalktheneighborhoodandleaveabasketofflowersoneachdoorstep”以及后文描述的行動可知，這些花最終被送給了鄰居。故選B。26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Thegardenwasempty,butmyheartwasfull.”以及前文描述作者看到鄰居收到鮮花時的喜悅(“Igotagoodfeelinginside”)可推知，讓作者內(nèi)心充實的是“傳播善意的快樂”。故選A。CImaginearobot.Whatcomestoyourmindfirst?Amachinestrongerthanthehumanbody?However,thissamequalityisnowcausingabigproblem—it’screatingtonsoflong-lastinge-wastethatcouldfloodourplanet.Whatif,instead,themachinesweuseweredesignedtobreakdownanddisappear—justaslivingthingsdo?ForastudypublishedinScienceAdvances,researchersmadearoboticarmandacontrollerusingmaterialsfromanimalsandplants.Thesematerialsarestrongenoughtoworkbutcaneasilybreakdowninanaturalenvironment.Aftertesting,bothpartsweregoneinsoilwithinweeks.Biodegradable(可生物降解的)roboticsoftenfallsundertheumbrellaofsoftrobotics,whichtakesideasfromnature.“Thisfieldstartedinmaterialsscienceandchemistryratherthantraditionalrobotsthatcomefrommechanical(機械的)engineering.”saysFlorianHartmann,amaterialsscientistfromGermany.However,manyearlysoftroboticsmodelsstillusedman-madematerialsthatcausepollution.Wei,ascientistwhostudiesnaturalmaterialsinHangzhou,workedtogetherwithhisfriendZhang,aroboticsengineerinShanghai,tobuildrobotsforthenewstudy.Theystartedwithcellulose(纖維素)takenfromcotton.Then,theyaddedglycerol(甘油)tomakeanewmaterialthatissoftandeasytochangeshapes.Afterthattheyallowedittodrysoitbecamestrong,“Celluloseischeapandeasytoworkwith,”saysWei.Theyfoundthatthecontrollerandtheroboticarmstooduptobothheavyuseandaweekofinactivity.Finally,theyburied(埋)thembothinahole.Withineightweeksthesetwopartswerealmostcompletelygone.WeiandZhangexpectthatrobotslikethesecanbeusedtodealwithdangerouswasteandthendisappearnaturally.Theyalsohopethatsuchrobotscanaiddoctorsinoperationsandthensafelybreakdowninsidethebody.However,it’simportanttonotethatthetechnologyisstillinveryearlystages.“Ifwetrulywanttohaveabiodegradablerobot,”Hartmannsays,“wealsoneedtomakesureitselectronicsandpowerpartsarebiodegradable.”27.WhatisspecialabouttheroboticarmandthecontrollerinParagraph2?A.Theyaregreen. B.Theyarehard. C.Theyareintelligent. D.Theyareaffordable.28.WhatismentionedinParagraph5aboutsoftrobots?A.Theiroperation. B.Theirapplications. C.Theirchallenges. D.Theirperformance.29.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Softrobotsarewidelyusedtocleanupe-waste.B.Softrobotshavetorestforaweekafterheavyuse.C.Thedesigningofsoftrobotsborrowsideasfromnature.D.Mechanicalengineeringoffersnewwaystorunsoftrobots.【答案】27.A28.B29.C【解析】【導語】本文主要介紹了可生物降解機器人的研究進展及其潛在應用，同時指出該技術(shù)仍處于早期階段。【27題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“...researchersmadearoboticarmandacontrollerusingmaterialsfromanimalsandplants.Thesematerialsarestrongenoughtoworkbutcaneasilybreakdowninanaturalenvironment.Aftertesting,bothpartsweregoneinsoilwithinweeks.”可知，研究人員用動植物材料制作了機械臂和控制器，這些材料足夠堅固，但可以在自然環(huán)境中輕松分解。由此可推知這些機械臂和控制器的特點是環(huán)保。故選A?！?8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“WeiandZhangexpectthatrobotslikethesecanbeusedtodealwithdangerouswasteandthendisappearnaturally.Theyalsohopethatsuchrobotscanaiddoctorsinoperationsandthensafelybreakdowninsidethebody.”可知，段主要討論軟體機器人的應用。故選B。【29題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Biodegradable(可生物降解的)roboticsoftenfallsundertheumbrellaofsoftrobotics,whichtakesideasfromnature.”可知，可生物降解機器人通常屬于軟體機器人范疇，其靈感來自自然。故選C。DPeoplearetalkingalotaboutartificialintelligence(AI),viewingitasaforcethatcouldreshapehowsocietyworks.Butthereissomethingimportantmissingfromthisdiscussion.Itisn’tenoughtoaskhowitwillchangeus.WealsoneedtounderstandhowweshapeAIandwhatitcantellusaboutourselves.EveryAImodelwedevelopmirrorsourrulesandexpressesourbeliefs.Afewyearsago,whilelookingfornewworkers,afamouscompanygaveupanAI-poweredtoolafterfindingitunfavorabletowomen.TheAIwasnotdesignedtobehavethisway,instead,itwasinfluencedbythehistoricaldata(數(shù)據(jù))favoringmen.Similarly,arecentstudyfoundthatlendingalgorithms(算法)oftenofferlessfavorabletermstocoloredpeople,worseninglong-standingunfairnessinmoney-lendingbusiness.Inbothcases,AIisn’tcreatingnewbiases(偏見),itismirroringtheonesthatarealreadypresent.Thesereflections(反映)giveusanimportantchancetotakeacloselookatourselves.Bymakingtheseproblemsseenandmorepressing,AIchallengesustorecognizeandaddresswhatcausesalgorithmicbias.AsAIcontinuestodevelop,wemustaskourselveshowweasaveragepeoplewanttoshapeitsroleinsociety.WeshouldnotonlyimproveAImodels,butalsomakesurethatAIisdevelopedandusedresponsibly.Anumberofcompaniesarealreadytakingaction.Theyarejudgingthedata,rules,andbeliefsthatshapethebehaviorofAImodels.Still,wecannotexpectthecompaniestodoallthework.AslongasAIistrainedonhumandata,itwillreflecthumanbehavior.Thatmeanswehavetothinkcarefullyaboutthefootprintsofourselvesweleaveintheworld.Imayvalueprivacy,butifIgiveitupinaheartbeattovisitawebsite,thealgorithmsmaymakeaverydifferentjudgmentofwhatIreallywantandwhatisgoodforme.IfIwantmeaningfulhumanconnectionsyetspendmoretimeonsocialmediaandlesstimeinthephysicalcompanyofmyfriends,IamindirectlytrainingAImodelsaboutthetruenatureofhumanity.AsAIbecomesmorepowerful,weneedtotakeincreasingcaretoreadourprinciples(原則)intotherecordofouractionsratherthanallowingthetwotodiverge.Recognizingthisallowsustomakebetterdecisions,butonlywhenwearepreparedtolookcloselyandtakeresponsibilityforwhatwesee.30.WhydoesthewriterintroducethetwoexamplesinParagraph2?A.Tosuggestasolution. B.Tostressadifference.C.Tochallengeapractice. D.Tosupportaviewpoint.31.Whatdoestheword“diverge”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymean?A.Improve. B.Appear. C.Separate. D.Repeat.32.Accordingtothepassage,whatisagoodexampleofshapingAIresponsibility?A.Guardingone’sprivacyagainstAImodels. B.BeingmindfulofourfeedsintoAImodels.C.Trainingalgorithmstofavorthelatestdata. D.Designingalgorithmstodealwithunfairness.33.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthispassage?A.AIIsn’ttheProblem;WeAre B.AI:ATooltoReshapeOurSocietyC.MoreOpenalgorithmsforBetterAI? D.BuildingTrustinHuman-AIRelationships【答案】30.D31.C32.B33.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文，主要討論了人工智能如何反映人類社會中偏見和不公平現(xiàn)象，并強調(diào)人類在塑造AI時需要承擔的責任。文章通過具體案例說明AI并非獨立產(chǎn)生偏見，而是反映了人類社會已有的問題，并呼吁人們通過自身行為來影響AI的發(fā)展方向?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Inbothcases,AIisn’tcreatingnewbiases(偏見),itismirroringtheonesthatarealreadypresent.”可知，作者認為AI并沒有創(chuàng)造新的偏見，而是反映了已經(jīng)存在的偏見。第二段中提到的招聘時由AI驅(qū)動的工具對女性更不利，貸款算法對有色人種更為不利，這兩個例子印證了作者的觀點，是為了支持“AI反映人類社會偏見”這一觀點。故選D。【31題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)“weneedtotakeincreasingcaretoreadourprinciples(原則)intotherecordofouractionsratherthanallowingthetwotodiverge.”可知，在人工智能發(fā)展的過程中，我們需要將我們的原則融入到我們的行動記錄中，而不是讓兩者背道而馳。劃線部分diverge意為“分歧，背離”，與Separate表達的意思相近。故選C?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“AslongasAIistrainedonhumandata,itwillreflecthumanbehavior.Thatmeanswehavetothinkcarefullyaboutthefootprintsofourselvesweleaveintheworld.”可知，只要AI是基于人類數(shù)據(jù)訓練的，它就會反映人類行為。這意味著我們必須認真思考我們在世界上留下的足跡。作者認為人類應謹慎對待自身行為對AI的影響，即“注意我們對AI模型的輸入”。故選B?！?3題詳解】最佳標題題。通讀全文可知，文章核心觀點是AI并非問題的根源，而是人類社會偏見的反映，因此人類需要為AI的發(fā)展負責。選項A“AIIsn’ttheProblem;WeAre”最貼合主旨。故選A。第二部分本部分共5題，共20分。根據(jù)題目要求，完成相應任務。四、閱讀表達（第1-3題每題2分，第4題4分，共10分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。Wedoeverythinginahurry—finishingourmeals,completingourtasks,runningtothegyms...Wechoosefastlivingbecausewethinkwehavenocontroloftime.Wetrytodoasmuchaswecaneachday,checkingofftasksonourto-dolists.Livinginarushfeelslikewearealwayspressedfortime.Ourwayofthinkingthatisfocusedonspeedvaluesdoingmoreoverdoingthingswell.Foralongtime,webelievethatspeedmeansbeingproductiveandsuccessful,andtherefore,wekeeprushinghereandthereindoingeverything.Yetfromtimetotime,wefindourselvesinapredicament(困境)thatnomatterhowfastwego,weneverseemtobequickenoughtocatchupwithourendlesstasksandgoals.TheSlowMovementthinksthattheanswertoourpredicamentisnottolivefaster,buttolearnhowtoliveslower.ThemovementbeganwiththeSlowFoodProgram,whichwassetupin1986.Itbelievedthatweshouldfightagainstfast-foodrestaurants,protecttraditionalcooking,andencouragepeopletoenjoypreparingandeatingfood.ThebelieffinallyspreadfromtheSlowFoodProgramtootherpartsoflife.In1999,ithelpedcreateCittaslow—agroupfocusedonslowingdownlifeincities.Thisbeliefaboutslowingdownquicklybegantoinfluenceareaslikework,travel,fashion,andlivingingeneral.ThemainideaoftheSlowMovementistovaluequalityoverquantity(數(shù)量).SlowlivingisalifestylebasedontheSlowMovement.Itsgoalistofreeusfromendlessrushthatstopsusfromenjoyingmomentsofrest.Slowlivingencouragesustoliveeachmomentwhole-heartedlyandgiveeverythingthetimeitneeds,ratherthantrytodoasmanythingsaspossibleineveryminuteofourlives.Today,morepeoplearedrawntotheideaoftheSlowMovement,thankstosocialmediasharingthemanybenefitsoflivingslowly.34.Whydopeoplechoosefastliving?_____________________________35.Whatistheanswertoourpredicament,accordingtotheSlowMovement?_____________________________36.WhatisthemainideaoftheSlowMovement?_____________________________37.Whichlifestyledoyouprefer,fastlivingorslowliving?Why?(Pleasegivetworeasons.)_____________________________【答案】34.Becausetheythinktheyhavenocontroloftime.35.Theansweristolearnhowtoliveslower.36.Themainideaistovaluequalityoverquantity.37.Ipreferslowliving.First,itcanfreeusfromendlessrushandhelpusenjoymomentsofrest.Second,ithelpsusreducestress,makingusfeelmorerelaxedandatpeace.【解析】【導語】本文是一篇議論文，主要探討了現(xiàn)代人快節(jié)奏生活的弊端，并介紹了“慢生活運動”的理念及其意義?！?4題詳解】根據(jù)第一段“Wechoosefastlivingbecausewethinkwehavenocontroloftime.”可知，人們選擇快生活是因為他們認為自己無法掌控時間。故填Becausetheythinktheyhavenocontroloftime.【35題詳解】根據(jù)第三段“TheSlowMovementthinksthattheanswertoourpredicamentisnottolivefaster,buttolearnhowtoliveslower.”可知，慢生活運動認為，解決困境方法不是更快地生活，而是學會如何慢下來。故填Theansweristolearnhowtoliveslower.【36題詳解】根據(jù)第五段“ThemainideaoftheSlowMovementistovaluequalityoverquantity.”可知，慢生活運動的主旨是重視質(zhì)量而非數(shù)量。故填Themainideaistovaluequalityoverquantity.【37題詳解】本題是一道開放性試題，結(jié)合個人觀點選擇快節(jié)奏生活或者慢節(jié)奏生活，并給出兩個原因。參考答案為：Ipreferslowliving.First,itcanfreeusfromendlessrushandhelpusenjoymomentsofrest.Second,ithelpsusreducestress,makingusfeelmorerelaxedandatpeace.五、文段表達（10分）從下面兩個題目中任選一題，根據(jù)所給的中文和英文提示，完成一篇不少于50詞的英語文段寫作。文中已給出的內(nèi)容不計入總詞數(shù)。所給提示詞語僅供選用。請不要寫出真實的校名、姓名和地名。38.假設你是李華，你們班的英語課正在開展研究性學習，你選擇研究同學們做家務的情況，為此你對班里40名同學進行了問卷調(diào)查，下圖是部分統(tǒng)計結(jié)果。請用英語寫一篇短文，簡要說明圖表內(nèi)容，并對班級同學參與家務勞動提出建議。提示詞語：show,chores,spend,tidyup,helpful內(nèi)容提示：●Whatcanyoulearnfromtheresults?●Offersomeadvicetoyourclassmatesondoinghousework.Ididasurveyonmyclassmatesdoinghousework.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:Ididasurveyonmyclassmatesdoinghousework.Accordingtotheresults15%ofthemusuallydohousework,while80%sometimeshelpwithchores.Sadly,5%seldomdoanyhouseworkatall.Thisshowsthatmoststudentsareslowtotakepartinhouseholdtasks.Toimprovethis,Isuggestmyclassmatesspendsometimeeverydaydoingsimplechores,liketidyinguptheirroomsorwashingdishes.Houseworkisnotonlyhelpfulfor