安徽省合肥某中學(xué)2025屆高三下學(xué)期考前最后一卷英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whathasthewomanbeendoingallday?A.Doingsomeshopping. B.Servingthecustomers. C.Decoratingthestore.【答案】B【原文】M:Why’reyousotired?W:Youmustbejoking.It’sstilltwoweeksbeforeChristmas,andthestoreisfloodedwithmoreandmorecustomers.I’vebeenonmyfeetallday,servingoneafteranother.2.Whenwilltheexhibitionstart?A.OnTuesday. B.OnThursday. C.OnFriday.【答案】C【原文】M:Howaboutdrivingdowntothesciencefairwithme?IfweleaveforSanFranciscoonThursdaymorning,we’llgettherebyearlyevening.W:ThenwecanvisittheinnovationcenteronFridaymorningbeforetheexhibitionbegins.M:Yeah,andwecanstaythereforafewmoredaysandgobacknextTuesday.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Mandy’shobbies. B.Acuteanimal. C.Apresent.【答案】C【原文】M:Hey.It’smynieceMandy’scoming-of-agenextweek.I’mtryingtofigureoutwhattogether.Thinkshe’dlikethispolarbear?She’sarealanimallover.W:Oh,howcute!Butdon’tyouthinkMandy’sabitoldforastuffedanimal?4.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Fatheranddaughter. B.Motherandson. C.Brotherandsister.【答案】B【原文】M:CouldyoutellAlicetoturndownthemusic,please?I’mtryingtowork.W:Itwouldbebettercomingfromyou.M:Tryfollowingdad’sexampleandsaythatyou’llstopherpocketmoney.Itworkswonderseverytime!5.Howdoesthewomansound?A.Angry. B.Anxious. C.Patient.【答案】C【原文】M:Idon’tbelievethistraffic.We’vebeenstandinghereforhalfanhourandstillnothinginsight!W:Holdyourhorses!It’srushhour,remember?We’llgetthereeventually.Noneedtostress.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthewoman?A.Atourguide. B.Atravelagent. C.Ahotelclerk.7.WhatdoesMr.Craigwantthewomantodo?A.Offerabrochure. B.Consulthiswife. C.Recommendahotel.【答案】6.B7.A【原文】W:Mr.Craig,wehaveavarietyofvacationpackagetoursforyoutolookattoday.YoucangoonawildlifetourinKenyaortakeanelephantridethroughVietnam.M:ButmywifeandIwerethinkingofatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.W:Well,ourChinatourlaststwoweeksandincludesvisitstoBeijingandHongKong.Youcangoshoppingandsightseeingthen.Inbothcities,wehavepartnerhotels.M:Great.PleasegivemeabrochuresothatIcanlookitoveranddiscussitwithmywife.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。8.WhatwillJohndoonFriday?A.Giveaspeech. B.Callaservicenumber. C.Leadafitnessclass.9.WhydoesthewomanrecommendFairviewParkingLot?A.Itistheclosesttothecenter. B.Ithasmanyparkingspaces. C.Itoffersspecialdiscounts.10.Whatwillthewomandoforparticipants?A.Submittheirnamestothegatestaff.B.Registerthemfortheevent.C.Provideparkingpasses.【答案】8.A9.C10.A【原文】M:Hi,I’mJohnBapkinsfromBapkinsFitnessCenter,andI’llbespeakingattheInternationalHealthConferenceonFriday.Iwastoldtocallthiseventservicenumbertoaskwheretopark.W:Thereisparkingavailableattheeventcenter,butit’sexpensive.YoumightwanttoconsiderFairviewParkingLotatthecornerofEleventhStreet.It’sthefarthestfromthecenter,butthey’redroppingtheirten-dollarfeeforconferenceattendees.M:Great,Thanks.AndwhatshouldIbringtoshowI’mtherefortheconference?W:I’llmakealistofnamesandleaveitwithwhoeverisworkingatthegate.Theymayaskforyourname,buttheyshouldn’tneedanythingelse.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。11.WhatisTom’sartprojectbasedon?A.Birds. B.Parks. C.Museums.12.WhatdoesTomthinkofthevisittotheBirdPark?A.Interesting. B.Educational. C.Disappointing.13.Whichplacedidthewomanfailtovisit?A.TheBirdPark. B.TheFletcherResearchCenter. C.TheNaturalHistoryMuseum.【答案】11.A12.C13.B【原文】W:Howareyougettingonwithyourartproject,Tom?M:Well,I’veprettywellfinishedtheintroductorystage.Actually,Iwasnotinterestedinbirdsatfirst.ButnowI’mstartingtogetintoit.IfoundIcouldresearchsomanydifferentaspectsofbirdsinart—color,movement,andsoon.SoIwasreallylookingforwardtotheBirdParkvisit.Butitpouredwithrain.W:Iknow!Whataletdown!Wehardlysawasinglebird.MuchlessusethanthetriptotheNaturalHistoryMuseum.M:Ithoughtthatway,too.TheworkshopsessionsintheFletcherResearchCenterweregoodtoo,especiallythebrainstormingsessions.W:IreallywishedIcouldhavebeenthere.ImissedthosebecauseIwasill.聽下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題。14.WhydidAbbydecidetoenterthecontest?A.Togiveherinterestatry.B.Toexplorenewopportunities.C.Totestherskillsinfilmproduction.15.WhatwasAbby’sbiggestchallengeinmakingthemovie?A.Writingthescreenplay. B.Buildingtheteam. C.Raisingthemoney.16.WheredidAbbyfilmthemovie?A.Atschool. B.Atastudio. C.Atherhouse.17.WhydidAbbyfindeditingdifficult?A.Toolsweretoocomplex.B.Choosingshotswasastruggle.C.Theactorswerejustamateurs.【答案】14.A15.B16.C17.B【原文】M:WithushereonourpodcastisAbby.Shehasjustwonanawardforamateurfilm-makers.Welcometotheshow,Abby!W:Thanks!M:Sowhatmadeyouenterthiscontest?W:Iactuallyrememberhearingaboutitonradioandimmediatelydecidedtotrymyluck.I’vealwaysenjoyedfilmingpeopleandevendirectedaschoolplayonce.Butnothingpreparedmeforwhatwastocome.AndIguessthatisluckybecausethereisnothinglikecompletingamovie.M:Whatwasthemostchallengingpartaboutthat?W:Ithinkthehardestofallwasgettingthecrewtogether.Fundingcameaclosesecond.ThescreenplaywastheeasiestasIhadwrittenoneforschoolbuthadn’tusedit.Andmyparentsletmeshootatourhousesowedidn’thavetoworryaboutthevenue,savingustheextracostofrenting!M:Wasfilmingeasythen?W:Notreally.SinceIhadbeeninschoolplaysbefore,itcamenaturally.Itwaseditingthatwashard!M:Wasitbecauseofallthedifferenttoolsyouneeded?W:Notatall!Theproblemwasdecidingwhichscenestocut.Eachactorgaveittheirall.Thiswinisnotbecauseofme.Itwasateameffort.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。18.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Windy. B.Sunny. C.Rainy.19.Whathappenedduringthismorning’srushhour?A.Athree-vehiclecrashoccurred.B.AfirebrokeoutonMainStreet.C.Theheavyraincausedtrafficdelays.20.Whenwerethestreetsopenedagain?A.Atabout6:00. B.Atabout8:00. C.Atabout10:00.【答案】18.A19.A20.C【原文】W:Goodevening,andwelcometothesixo’clocknews.Afterawholeweekofrain,thecloudsarefinallylookingliketheymightbeontheirwayout!Strongwindsarepickingup,andwe’rehopingforsunshinetomorrow.However,allthatrainmadetheroadsreallyslippery.Thismorning’srushhoursawanaccidentthatresultedintheclosureofseveraldowntownstreets.AcartravelingeastonMainStreetatapproximatelyeighta.m.,hitacartravelingsouthonOakStreet.Apickuptruckwasalsoinvolved.Firefightersrushedtothescene,andthedriversweretakentoMemorialHospital.Anemergencyroomdoctorwhowasinterviewedbyourreportersaidthattherewereminorinjuriesandallthreedrivershadbeenreleasedfromthehospital.Despitethestreetclosure,policesaidtherewerenomajordelaystotraffic,andstreetswerereopenedtwohoursaftertheevent.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AWhenyoutakeavacation,somehotelswillshoweryouwithfun.TheHangarHotel(Fredericksburg,Texas)WhatofexplodingyourvacationwithwonderattheHangarhotel?Howwoulditfeeltobeprojectedtothepast?Thishotelwillastonishyouwithitsinsidedecorations—thewallsarebeautifiedwithmodelplanesandrelatedsouvenirs(紀(jì)念品)aswell.Thereceptionhallisfurnishedwithapooltable,grandpiano,fireplace,fullbar,appealingwoodenchairs,alldesignedtorewindyoubacktothe1940s.Thatuniquefeelingisexactlywhatwearealwayspursuing.BeckhamCreekCaveLodge(Parthenon,Arkansas)Whatofbeingwelcomedinabedroomofre-madecave?Soundsinteresting?ThenjustpayavisittoBeckhamCreekCaveLodge.Thisclassicyetstrangehotelhascave-likeceiling.Thewallsaremadeofrockandtheheartofthemainroomhasanaturalwaterfall.Thishotelisspeciallyintendedtoofferyouaclosercontactwithnatureandshowersyouwithcomfortbeyondyourexpectations.TheLibertyHotel(Boston,Massachusetts)ThishotelwasinitiallyreferredastheCharlesStreetjail.Itlivesthepresentanditisnotdefinedbyitspast.Wordhasitthatithas298guestrooms.Thatmeanstheyarelimitedbutworthyoureffort.Youcannotaffordtomissit.MoonriseHotel(St.Louis,Missouri)Comeone,comeall.Moonriseisaperfectmatchforthosewhomissedspacecampwhenyoung.Thishotelistherealdefinitionofaparadiseonearth.Incredibly,itisemphasizedwithlunartoys,uniquespacecollectionsandspaceships.Thereisalsoaspace-themedbarattherooftop!21.WhatdoestheHangarHotelseekfor?A.Acollectionofreminders.B.Finehandmademodelflights.C.Feelingsarisingfrompasttimes.D.Atasteofluxuriousfreelifestyle.22.ForwhatpurposeisBeckhamCreekCaveLodgedesigned?A.Tobuildupacave-likeenvironment. B.Toinspireuniquehotelexplorations.C.Toprovideadirecttouchwithnature. D.Tocombinecomfortwithnaturalbeauty.23.Whichofthefollowingmaybespace-focused?A.TheHangarHotel. B.BeckhamCreekCaveLodge.C.TheLibertyHotel. D.MoonriseHotel.【答案】21.C22.C23.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些獨(dú)特的酒店，它們通過別具一格的設(shè)計(jì)和主題，為游客帶來與眾不同的住宿體驗(yàn)。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)TheHangarHotel(Fredericksburg,Texas)部分的“Thereceptionhallisfurnishedwithapooltable,grandpiano,fireplace,fullbar,appealingwoodenchairs,alldesignedtorewindyoubacktothe1940s.Thatuniquefeelingisexactlywhatwearealwayspursuing.(接待大廳配備了臺(tái)球桌、三角鋼琴、壁爐、吧臺(tái)、吸引人的木椅，所有這些都是為了讓你回到20世紀(jì)40年代。這種獨(dú)特的感覺正是我們一直在追求的)”可知，HangarHotel追求的是回到過去的感覺。故選C?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BeckhamCreekCaveLodge(Parthenon,Arkansas)部分的“Thewallsaremadeofrockandtheheartofthemainroomhasanaturalwaterfall.Thishotelisspeciallyintendedtoofferyouaclosercontactwithnatureandshowersyouwithcomfortbeyondyourexpectations.(墻壁是由巖石制成的，主房間的中心有一個(gè)天然瀑布。這家酒店旨在為您提供與大自然更親密的接觸，并為您提供超出您期望的舒適)”可知，該酒店的設(shè)計(jì)意圖是讓游客親近大自然。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MoonriseHotel(St.Louis,Missouri)部分的“Moonriseisaperfectmatchforthosewhomissedspacecampwhenyoung.(Moonrise非常適合那些小時(shí)候錯(cuò)過太空營(yíng)的人)”及后文多次出現(xiàn)的space可知，MoonriseHotel是太空主題。故選D。BPassionateabouttheenvironmentsinceayoungage,SophieWeeninkorganizedherfirstofficialenvironmentalprotectioneventatage13.Itwasabeachcleanupshepostedonhersocialmedia.Shethoughtshemightgettenpeopleatmost,but200showedup.Thecommunity’ssupporthasdrivenherambitionforchange.Sincethen,Sophiehasorganizedlargeeventsonazerobudget.OneofSophie’smajorhopesforthefutureisthatwecanpreserveallourbeautifulenvironments.Shethinkspeopleoftentakewhatwehaveinourcountryforgranted.Atripoverseascanmakeusrealizehowbeautifulitishereandwhywemustfighttoprotectourenvironment.Sophie’sdecisiontobecomeheavilyinvolvedinGivingAroha,avolunteer-basedorganization,wasmadeduringherrivercleanup.Shefoundatentandsleepingbagsbelongingtopeoplelivingindifficultconditions.ThisshockingdiscoveryandthesadrealisationthatsomepeoplewereforcedtolivethiswayinspiredSophietofindwaystohelpthehomeless.Sincethen,shehasfundraisedthousandsofdollarstothisorganisation.Sophiesaysthehousingcrisisandclimatechangearemajorproblemstoday.Throughherwork,shehastriedtomakeanimpactbyfindingsolutions.However,asthesearehugeissues,shesaysithelpstofindacommunityofpeoplewhoalsowanttomakeachange.Asagroup,itismucheasiertocreatecollectivechange.Butonepersoncanalsomakeabigimpactbyeducatingothers.Ithelpsusunderstandwhyweneedtomakeachangeandinspirethemtomakeadifferenceratherthanleavingittofuturegenerations.Sophiesaysbeingpassionateandstrongaboutwhatwe’redoingiscrucial.Peopleoftenlooktootherstakingthefirststep.Theymaywanttoact,butobstacleslikelackoftimeorexperiencestopthem.Forthosewhowanttostarttakingaction,shesaysjuststartsmall,doinggrassrootactionsinourpersonallifeorcommunity.24.HowmightSophiefeelaboutherfirstbeachclean-upexperience?A.Encouraged. B.Disappointed.C.Puzzled. D.Concerned.25.WhatledSophietogetinvolvedinGivingAroha?A.Hertripoverseas. B.Hercampingexperience.C.Thesupportofthecommunity. D.Theencounterwithshelterlesspeople.26.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesSophieWeenink?A.Ambitiousandenthusiastic. B.Humorousandintelligent.C.Braveandgenerous. D.Cautiousandcreative.27.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GivingAroha:AShelterfortheHomelessB.SophieWeenink:FromPassiontoActionC.EnvironmentalProtection:EveryoneCountsD.Education:TheBestWaytoMakeaDifference【答案】24.A25.D26.A27.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了SophieWeenink在環(huán)保事業(yè)中所做的努力和事跡。【24題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Shethoughtshemightgettenpeopleatmost,but200showedup.Thecommunity’ssupporthasdrivenherambitionforchange.Sincethen,Sophiehasorganizedlargeeventsonazerobudget.(她以為最多會(huì)有十個(gè)人來，但來了200人。社區(qū)的支持激發(fā)了她改變的雄心。從那以后，索菲在沒有預(yù)算的情況下組織了大型活動(dòng))”可知，索菲第一次海灘清理活動(dòng)的參與人數(shù)遠(yuǎn)超她的預(yù)期，并且社區(qū)的支持激發(fā)了她改變的雄心，讓她在沒有預(yù)算的情況下組織了大型活動(dòng)。由此可推斷出，索菲對(duì)第一次海灘清理活動(dòng)的經(jīng)歷感到振奮，受到了鼓舞。故選A?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Sophie’sdecisiontobecomeheavilyinvolvedinGivingAroha,avolunteer-basedorganization,wasmadeduringherrivercleanup.Shefoundatentandsleepingbagsbelongingtopeoplelivingindifficultconditions.ThisshockingdiscoveryandthesadrealisationthatsomepeoplewereforcedtolivethiswayinspiredSophietofindwaystohelpthehomeless.(索菲決定深度參與一個(gè)以志愿者為基礎(chǔ)的組織——GivingAroha，這個(gè)決定是在她清理河流時(shí)做出的。她發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)帳篷和睡袋，這些東西屬于生活困難的人。這一令人震驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)，以及一些人被迫以這種方式生活的可悲現(xiàn)實(shí)，激發(fā)了索菲尋找?guī)椭鸁o家可歸者的方法)”可知，索菲在清理河流時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)了屬于生活困難的人的帳篷和睡袋，這一遭遇激發(fā)了她尋找?guī)椭鸁o家可歸者的方法，讓她深度參與了一個(gè)以志愿者為基礎(chǔ)的組織——GivingAroha。由此可知，與無家可歸者的遭遇讓索菲參與到了GivingAroha。故選D。【26題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Passionateabouttheenvironmentsinceayoungage,SophieWeeninkorganizedherfirstofficialenvironmentalprotectioneventatage13.(索菲·韋寧克從小就對(duì)環(huán)境充滿熱情，13歲時(shí)就組織了她的第一次官方環(huán)保活動(dòng))”以及第三段的“Sincethen,shehasfundraisedthousandsofdollarstothisorganisation.(從那以后，她已經(jīng)為這個(gè)組織籌集了數(shù)千美元)”可知，索菲從小就對(duì)環(huán)境充滿熱情，13歲時(shí)就組織了第一次官方環(huán)?；顒?dòng)，并且為GivingAroha組織籌集了數(shù)千美元，由此可推斷出，索菲是一個(gè)有雄心壯志的人；根據(jù)最后一段的“Sophiesaysbeingpassionateandstrongaboutwhatwe’redoingiscrucial.(索菲說，對(duì)我們正在做的事情充滿熱情和堅(jiān)定是至關(guān)重要的)”可知，索菲認(rèn)為對(duì)我們正在做的事情充滿熱情和堅(jiān)定是至關(guān)重要的，并且她自己也一直這樣做，由此可推斷出，索菲是一個(gè)熱情的人。綜上所述，索菲是一個(gè)有雄心壯志且熱情的人。故選A。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第一段的“Passionateabouttheenvironmentsinceayoungage,SophieWeeninkorganizedherfirstofficialenvironmentalprotectioneventatage13.(索菲·韋寧克從小就對(duì)環(huán)境充滿熱情，13歲時(shí)就組織了她的第一次官方環(huán)?；顒?dòng))”最后一段的“Sophiesaysbeingpassionateandstrongaboutwhatwe’redoingiscrucial.(索菲說，對(duì)我們正在做的事情充滿熱情和堅(jiān)定是至關(guān)重要的)”可知，本文主要介紹了SophieWeenink從小就對(duì)環(huán)境充滿熱情，13歲時(shí)就組織了她的第一次官方環(huán)?；顒?dòng)，并且她一直堅(jiān)持自己的熱情，為環(huán)境保護(hù)和無家可歸者做了很多事情，所以B項(xiàng)“SophieWeenink:FromPassiontoAction(索菲·韋寧克：從激情到行動(dòng))”能夠概括文章主要內(nèi)容。故選B。CTeachinganAIsystemtomakegooddecisionsisnoeasytask.AIlearningmodels,whichunderlieAIdecision-makingsystems,oftenfailwhenfacedwithevensmallvariationsinthetaskstheyaretrainedtoperform.Inthecaseoftraffic,amodelmightstruggletocontrolasetofintersections(交叉路口)withvaryingspeedlimits,numbersoflanes(車道),ortrafficpatterns.Toboostthereliabilityofmodelsforcomplextasks,MITresearchershavedevelopedamoreefficientalgorithm(算法)totrainAIsystemsforcomplexdecision-makingtasks.Thenewalgorithm,knownasModel-BasedTransferLearning(MBTL),strategicallyselectsthebesttasksfortraininganAIagenttoperformeffectivelyacrossacollectionofrelatedtasks.Thisapproachmaximizesperformancewhilekeepingtrainingcostslow.Traditionally,engineerstrainalgorithmsfortrafficlightsatmultipleintersectionsbyeithertrainingonealgorithmperintersectionindependentlyortrainingasingle,largeralgorithmusingdatafromallintersections.Thefirstmethodistime-consuminganddata-intensive,whilethesecondoftenresultsinsubparperformance.CathyWu,aseniorauthorandmemberofMIT’sLaboratoryforInformationandDecisionSystems(LIDS),explainsthattheysoughtasweetspotbetweenthesetwoapproaches.“Wewonderedifwecouldtrainonasubsetoftasks,applytheresulttoalltasks,andstillseeaperformanceincrease,”Wusays.MBTLmodelshowwelleachalgorithmwouldperformiftrainedindependentlyandhowitsperformancewoulddegradewhenadaptedtoothertasks,aconceptknownasgeneralizationperformance.Bymodelinggeneralizationperformance,MBTLestimatesthevalueoftrainingonnewtasks.Itselectstasksoneafteranotherbasedontheirvalue,startingwiththosethatofferthehighestperformancegain,thenchoosesadditionaltasksthatprovidethemostsignificantimprovementstooverallperformance.Thisfocusonthemostpromisingtasksdramaticallyimprovestrainingefficiency.Inthefuture,theresearchersplantodesignMBTLalgorithmsthatcanextendtomorecomplexmissions,suchashigh-dimensionaltaskspaces.Theyarealsointerestedinapplyingtheirapproachtoreal-worldcontexts,especiallyinnext-generationmobilitysystems.28.WhyisthecaseoftrafficmentionedinParagraph1?A.ToillustratethevalueofAIsystems.B.ToshowthelimitationsofAItraining.C.ToexplainhowtoteachAIsystems.D.Tointroducewhytoobservetrafficrules.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“subpar”inParagraph3mean?A.Unsatisfactory. B.Substantial. C.Unexpected. D.Average.30.HowdoesMBTLenhancethegeneralizationperformance?A.Bytrainingeachalgorithmindependently.B.Byensuringbalancedexposuretoalltasks.C.Byprioritizingthemostpromisingtasks.D.Byaddingsufficienttasksfortraining.31.Whataretheresearchers’futureplansforMBTL?A.Tolimititsusetotrafficmanagementonly. B.Toapplyittomorecomplicatedtasks.C.Tolaystressonitstheoreticalanalysis. D.Toleaveitsdesignforthenextgeneration.【答案】28.B29.A30.C31.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了麻省理工學(xué)院研究人員開發(fā)的一種新算法MBTL，旨在提高AI系統(tǒng)在復(fù)雜決策任務(wù)中的可靠性?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“TeachinganAIsystemtomakegooddecisionsisnoeasytask.AIlearningmodels,whichunderlieAIdecision-makingsystems,oftenfailwhenfacedwithevensmallvariationsinthetaskstheyaretrainedtoperform.Inthecaseoftraffic,amodelmightstruggletocontrolasetofintersections(交叉路口)withvaryingspeedlimits,numbersoflanes(車道),ortrafficpatterns.(教授人工智能系統(tǒng)做出良好決策并非易事。作為人工智能決策系統(tǒng)基礎(chǔ)的人工智能學(xué)習(xí)模型，在面對(duì)其訓(xùn)練任務(wù)中的微小變化時(shí)，往往也會(huì)失敗。以交通為例，一個(gè)模型可能難以控制一組具有不同限速、車道數(shù)量或交通模式的交叉路口。)”可知，第一段提到交通案例是為了展示人工智能訓(xùn)練的局限性。故選B?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Traditionally,engineerstrainalgorithmsfortrafficlightsatmultipleintersectionsbyeithertrainingonealgorithmperintersectionindependentlyortrainingasingle,largeralgorithmusingdatafromallintersections.Thefirstmethodistime-consuminganddata-intensive,whilethesecondoftenresultsinsubparperformance.(傳統(tǒng)上，工程師通過為每個(gè)交叉路口獨(dú)立訓(xùn)練一個(gè)算法，或使用來自所有交叉路口的數(shù)據(jù)訓(xùn)練一個(gè)單一、更大的算法，來為多個(gè)交叉路口的交通燈訓(xùn)練算法。第一種方法耗時(shí)且數(shù)據(jù)密集，而第二種方法往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致subpar的性能。)”可知，此處是將傳統(tǒng)訓(xùn)練算法的兩種方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比，第一種方法耗時(shí)且數(shù)據(jù)密集，那么第二種方法應(yīng)該會(huì)導(dǎo)致不好的性能。所以subpar意為“不令人滿意的”。A.Unsatisfactory不令人滿意的；B.Substantial大量的；C.Unexpected出乎意料的；D.Average平均的。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Itselectstasksoneafteranotherbasedontheirvalue,startingwiththosethatofferthehighestperformancegain,thenchoosesadditionaltasksthatprovidethemostsignificantimprovementstooverallperformance.Thisfocusonthemostpromisingtasksdramaticallyimprovestrainingefficiency.(它根據(jù)任務(wù)的價(jià)值一個(gè)接一個(gè)地選擇任務(wù)，從那些提供最高性能增益的任務(wù)開始，然后選擇那些對(duì)整體性能提供最顯著改進(jìn)的額外任務(wù)。這種對(duì)最有前途的任務(wù)的關(guān)注極大地提高了訓(xùn)練效率。)”可知，MBTL通過優(yōu)先考慮最有前途的任務(wù)來增強(qiáng)泛化性能。故選C。【31題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Inthefuture,theresearchersplantodesignMBTLalgorithmsthatcanextendtomorecomplexmissions,suchashigh-dimensionaltaskspaces.(在未來，研究人員計(jì)劃設(shè)計(jì)MBTL算法，使其能夠擴(kuò)展到更復(fù)雜的任務(wù)，如高維任務(wù)空間。)”可知，研究人員對(duì)MBTL的未來計(jì)劃是將其應(yīng)用于更復(fù)雜的任務(wù)。故選B。DPerfectionismislikeasetofmagicalpills.Onepillrelievesshame.Thenextcoversupsadmemories.Anothercuresthefearofregret.Andthelasteasesone’sawarenessofameaninglessexistence.Perfectionismisexcitingbecauseitmakeseverythingimportant.Butwheneverythingisimportant,mistakesfeelintolerable.Atitscoreisthefearofuncertainty.WillIeverovercomemyshame?WillIalwaysfeellikealoser?Ismylifetrulymeaningless?Thus,perfectionistsoftenfocusonfindingthe“rightanswers.”Manyperfectionistskeeplookingfor“rootcauses,”believingthatdeepinsightswillleadtobetterlivesbyclarifyingoptions.Likearchaeologistswhostudythesocietiesandpeoplesofthepast,theydigforanswers—whichiswhytheyoftenendupintherapy(治療).Yet,therapyprovideslittlehelpandseldomleadstotheoutcomestheywant.Acceptance,ratherthanchange,isthemoreimportantpartoftherapyforthem.Ithelpsfreethepatientfromtheirownstandardsandexpectations,allowingthemtomakelightoftheirmistakesandevenlearnfromthem.Acknowledgingthelimitsofperfectionismcanfinallybringpeace.Insteadofworryingaboutthe“rightdecisions”andwhatyou“should”do,itmightbemorehelpfultothinkaboutwhatyouwoulddoifyouweren’tsoafraid.Wouldyourlifebedifferentifyoutookabreakfromallthose“shoulds”?Wouldyoumakedifferentchoicesifyouweren’tburdenedbythebeliefthatyouneedtofullyuseyourtalents?Youcanalsothinkabouttheconsequencesofyourmistakesandaskhowyou’resurethattheystopyoufromhavingabetterlife.So,thekeyquestionoftreatmentisthis:Willweregretnotenjoyingourlivesbecauseweweretoobusytryingtoanswerunanswerablequestions?Thehindsightbias,whichisthebeliefthatapasteventwaspredictablewhenitwasn’t,makespeopleoverlyconcernedwithmakingtherightchoices.Thisbeliefcomesfromastrongneedforcertaintyandthefalseideathatit’sattainable.Lettinggoofthatfearcanopenupanewworld—onethat’ssimplerbutlessintense.32.WhatdoweknowaboutperfectionismaccordingtoParagraph1?A.Itmakeslifemoreexciting. B.Itboostsatolerantattitude.C.Itcanbattlebadfeelings. D.Itcanremoveuncertainty.33.Whatisthesimilaritybetweenperfectionistsandarcheologists?A.Theybadlyneedcertainty. B.Theykeepmindontherapies.C.Theyareopentonewoptions. D.Theyseldomachievedesiredresults.34.WhatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdoinParagraph4?A.Trytoavoidmakingmistakes. B.Staycalmtoperfectadecision.C.Breakagoalintosmallersteps. D.Shakeofftheweighttoact.35.Whatimpactmaythehindsightbiashave?A.Itencouragespeopletotakemorerisks.B.Itincreasesanxietyaboutfuturechoices.C.Itofferswisdomtolearnfrommistakes.D.Itpreventspeoplefrompursuingcertainty.【答案】32.C33.A34.D35.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了完美主義及其對(duì)人們生活的影響，并提出了應(yīng)對(duì)建議?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Perfectionismislikeasetofmagicalpills.Onepillrelievesshame.Thenextcoversupsadmemories.Anothercuresthefearofregret.Andthelasteasesone’sawarenessofameaninglessexistence.(完美主義就像一套神奇的藥丸。一片能緩解羞恥感。下一片掩蓋悲傷的記憶。另一片能治愈對(duì)后悔的恐懼。最后一片能減輕一個(gè)人對(duì)自己無意義存在的意識(shí)。)”可知，完美主義能對(duì)抗不良情緒。故選C?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thus,perfectionistsoftenfocusonfindingthe“rightanswers.”Manyperfectionistskeeplookingfor“rootcauses,”believingthatdeepinsightswillleadtobetterlivesbyclarifyingoptions.Likearchaeologistswhostudythesocietiesandpeoplesofthepast,theydigforanswers—whichiswhytheyoftenendupintherapy(治療).(因此，完美主義者往往專注于尋找“正確的答案”。許多完美主義者一直在尋找“根本原因”，相信深刻的見解會(huì)通過澄清選擇來帶來更好的生活。就像研究過去社會(huì)和人民的考古學(xué)家一樣，他們挖掘答案——這就是為什么他們經(jīng)常接受治療。)”及最后一段中“Thisbeliefcomesfromastrongneedforcertaintyandthefalseideathatit’sattainable.(這種信念來自于對(duì)確定性的強(qiáng)烈需求，以及認(rèn)為確定性是可以實(shí)現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤觀念。)”可知，完美主義者和考古學(xué)家的相似之處在于他們都需要確定性。故選A。【34題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Insteadofworryingaboutthe“rightdecisions”andwhatyou“should”do,itmightbemorehelpfultothinkaboutwhatyouwoulddoifyouweren’tsoafraid.(與其擔(dān)心“正確的決定”和你“應(yīng)該”做什么，不如想想如果你不那么害怕，你會(huì)做什么，這可能會(huì)更有幫助。)”可知，作者建議讀者擺脫恐懼，采取行動(dòng)。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thehindsightbias,whichisthebeliefthatapasteventwaspredictablewhenitwasn’t,makespeopleoverlyconcernedwithmakingtherightchoices.(后見之明偏見，即認(rèn)為過去的事件是可預(yù)測(cè)的，而實(shí)際上并非如此，這種偏見使人們過于關(guān)注做出正確的選擇。)”可知，后見之明偏見可能會(huì)增加人們對(duì)未來選擇的焦慮。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Lifeisn’talwayseasy.____36____Othertimes,wemakedecisionsthatgetusdown.Andstillothertimes,wefeelbadfornoobviousreason.Luckily,therearesomesimplestrategieswecantrytoboostourmood.Learntoappreciate.Whenyoufocusonthegoodthingsinlife,you’llfindthatyourmoodimprovessignificantly.Oneofthebestwaystostartfeelingbetterfastistopracticethankfulness.Youcanwriteanappreciationjournalorathank-youlist.____37____Boostself-confidence.Whenweareconfident,wearemorelikelytotakethenecessaryactionsweneedtotaketoimproveourlives.____38____Wemaybeabletoboostself-confidencebyremindingourselvesofourstrengthsandpositivequalities.Sogoaheadandthinkaboutyourstrengths.Itdoesn’thavetobeanythingbig—maybeyou’reagoodcook,goodatplayingvideogames,orhaveagoodimagination.Takecareofyourself.____39____We’renotasjudgmentalofourthoughts,emotions,andbehaviors,andwetreatourselvesbetter.Youcanboostself-understandingbywritingyourselfaself-kindletterthatremindsyouofallthegoodthingsaboutyouandtreatsyoukindly.____40____There’sactuallysciencethatsuggestspositiveimagesdoboostourmood.Butsometimeswejustwanttolookatfunnyorcutethings.Sometimes,whenwe’refeelingdown,itcanbehelpfultoletourbrainsrest,lookatcutecatvideosonline,andjustletourmoodimprovethatway.Asyoucansee,wearenotatthemercyofourmoods.Whenwegetstuck,wecanliftourselvesandmoveforward.Thebottomlineisthatyoucanchangeyourmood!A.Focusonthepositive.B.Explorethesciencebehind