2025年托?？荚囶A(yù)測試卷：閱讀理解技巧與實戰(zhàn)練習(xí)試題考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選擇題（本大題共20小題，每小題2分，共40分）要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每篇短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?。在答題卡上將該項涂黑。1.TheprimarypurposeofthepassageistoA.argueagainstthecurrentuseoffossilfuelsB.explainhowrenewableenergysourcescanreplacefossilfuelsC.describethebenefitsandchallengesofrenewableenergyD.persuadereaderstosupportthedevelopmentofrenewableenergy2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisamajorchallengeofrenewableenergy?A.ItshighcostB.ItslimitedavailabilityC.ItsenvironmentalimpactD.Itsdependenceonweatherconditions3.Theword"substantial"inthesecondparagraphisclosestinmeaningtoA.smallB.gradualC.significantD.temporary4.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthefutureofrenewableenergy?A.Itwillquicklyreplacefossilfuels.B.Itwillremainexpensiveandunpopular.C.Itwillfacesignificantobstaclesbutmayeventuallybecomewidespread.D.Itwillonlybeusefulincertainregionsoftheworld.5.ThepassageimpliesthatonereasonfossilfuelsarestillwidelyusedisbecauseA.renewableenergytechnologiesarenotyetadvancedenoughB.renewableenergysourcesarenotasefficientasfossilfuelsC.renewableenergyisnotasconvenientasfossilfuelsD.renewableenergyisnotasprofitableasfossilfuels6.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneadvantageofsolarenergy?A.Itcanbestoredforlongperiods.B.Itisabundantandwidelyavailable.C.Itislessexpensivethanwindenergy.D.Itdoesnotproduceanywasteproducts.7.Theword"sustainable"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningtoA.temporaryB.continuousC.environmentallyfriendlyD.economicallyviable8.Whatdoestheauthormeanby"theAchilles'heel"ofrenewableenergy?A.ItsmainstrengthB.ItsleasteffectivefeatureC.ItsmostexpensivecomponentD.Itsmostinnovativeaspect9.ThepassagesuggeststhatonewaytoovercomethechallengesofrenewableenergyistoA.increasegovernmentsubsidiesB.reduceconsumerdemandC.relymoreonfossilfuelsD.limitresearchanddevelopment10.Accordingtothepassage,whatisapotentialbenefitofusingrenewableenergy?A.Itcanhelpreduceairpollution.B.Itcanprovidemorejobsthanfossilfuels.C.Itcanlowerenergycostsovertime.D.Itcanbestoredmoreeasilythanfossilfuels.11.ThepassageimpliesthatonereasonrenewableenergyisnotaswidelyusedasfossilfuelsisbecauseA.itisnotasreliableasfossilfuelsB.itisnotasprofitableasfossilfuelsC.itisnotaseasytotransportasfossilfuelsD.itisnotaswell-supportedbythegovernmentasfossilfuels12.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonelimitationofwindenergy?A.Itisnotasefficientassolarenergy.B.Itisnotaswidelyavailableassolarenergy.C.Itcanonlybeusedincoastalareas.D.Itcancausenoisepollution.13.Theword"diversify"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningtoA.increaseB.improveC.changeD.develop14.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutthefutureofrenewableenergyresearch?A.Itwillfocusonlyonsolarenergy.B.Itwillfocusonlyonwindenergy.C.Itwillfocusonimprovingexistingtechnologies.D.Itwillfocusonfindingnewandmoreefficientenergysources.15.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonebenefitofusinghydropower?A.Itisarenewableenergysource.B.Itischeaperthanwindenergy.C.Itismoreefficientthanfossilfuels.D.Itdoesnotproduceanywasteproducts.16.ThepassagesuggeststhatonewaytomakerenewableenergymoreattractivetoconsumersistoA.increasethecostoffossilfuelsB.providemoreincentivesforusingrenewableenergyC.reducegovernmentsupportforrenewableenergyD.limittheresearchanddevelopmentofrenewableenergytechnologies17.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonechallengeofusingrenewableenergyindevelopingcountries?A.Itistooexpensivetoimplement.B.Itisnotasreliableasfossilfuels.C.Itisnotaswell-supportedbythegovernmentasfossilfuels.D.Itisnotaswidelyavailableasfossilfuels.18.Theword"infrastructure"inthefifthparagraphisclosestinmeaningtoA.technologyB.environmentC.supportsystemD.energysource19.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestabouttheroleofgovernmentinpromotingrenewableenergy?A.Itshouldfocusonincreasingtaxesonfossilfuels.B.Itshouldfocusonreducingsubsidiesforrenewableenergy.C.Itshouldfocusonprovidingsupportandincentivesforrenewableenergydevelopment.D.Itshouldfocusonlimitingtheresearchanddevelopmentofrenewableenergytechnologies.20.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonereasonrenewableenergyisnotaswidelyusedasfossilfuels?A.Itisnotasreliableasfossilfuels.B.Itisnotasprofitableasfossilfuels.C.Itisnotaswell-supportedbythegovernmentasfossilfuels.D.Itisnotaseasytotransportasfossilfuels.二、填空題（本大題共10小題，每小題2分，共20分）要求：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，在空白處填入一個最恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~。21.Despitethe______ofrenewableenergy,manyexpertsbelieveithasthepotentialtorevolutionizethewayweproduceanduseenergy.22.Oneofthemain______ofwindenergyisitsdependenceonwindpatterns,whichcanbeunpredictableandinconsistent.23.The______ofhydropowerhasmadeitapopularchoiceforgeneratingelectricityinmanycountriesaroundtheworld.24.Tomakerenewableenergymore______,governmentsneedtoprovideincentivesandsupportforitsdevelopmentandimplementation.25.The______ofrenewableenergytechnologiesisessentialforovercomingthechallengesandimprovingtheirefficiency.26.Oneofthebiggest______ofusingrenewableenergyisitsinitialcost,whichcanbeprohibitivelyhighforsomeconsumersandbusinesses.27.The______offossilfuelshasledtosignificantenvironmentaldamage,includingairpollutionandclimatechange.28.Renewableenergysourcesare______becausetheyarereplenishednaturallyanddonotdepleteovertime.29.The______ofrenewableenergyindevelopingcountriesisoftenlimitedbyalackofinfrastructureandresources.30.The______ofrenewableenergyisnotjustanenvironmentalissue;itisalsoamatterofeconomicandsocialsustainability.三、匹配題（本大題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）要求：將下列描述與對應(yīng)的可再生能源類型進(jìn)行匹配。在答題卡上將該項涂黑。31.Thisenergysourcecomesfromthesunandcanbeharnessedusingsolarpanels.A.HydropowerB.WindenergyC.SolarenergyD.Biomassenergy32.Thisenergysourceisgeneratedbythemovementofwater,typicallyinriversordams.A.GeothermalenergyB.HydropowerC.TidalenergyD.Solarenergy33.Thisenergysourceisproducedbyconvertingorganicmaterialsintoheatorelectricity.A.BiomassenergyB.WindenergyC.GeothermalenergyC.Tidalenergy34.Thisenergysourceiscreatedbythemovementofairandcanbecapturedusingwindturbines.A.HydropowerB.WindenergyC.SolarenergyD.Biomassenergy35.ThisenergysourcecomesfromtheEarth'sinternalheatandcanbeaccessedthroughgeothermalreservoirs.A.GeothermalenergyB.HydropowerC.WindenergyD.Solarenergy四、簡答題（本大題共5小題，每小題4分，共20分）要求：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，簡要回答下列問題。36.Whatarethemainbenefitsofusingrenewableenergysources?37.Whataresomeofthechallengesfacedbyrenewableenergytechnologies?38.Howcangovernmentssupportthedevelopmentandadoptionofrenewableenergy?39.Whatisthesignificanceofdiversifyingenergysourcesinacountry'senergymix?40.Whataresomepotentiallong-termbenefitsoftransitioningtorenewableenergy?五、論述題（本大題共1小題，共10分）要求：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，結(jié)合自己的理解，撰寫一篇不少于150字的短文，回答下列問題。41.Discusstheimportanceofrenewableenergyinaddressingclimatechangeandhowitcancontributetoamoresustainablefuture.本次試卷答案如下一、選擇題答案及解析1.C解析：本文主要介紹了可再生能源的益處和挑戰(zhàn)，旨在全面描述這一能源類型。選項A、B、D都過于片面，未能涵蓋文章的全部內(nèi)容。2.D解析：文中提到可再生能源的一個主要挑戰(zhàn)是受天氣條件影響大，例如風(fēng)能和太陽能的發(fā)電量會因天氣變化而波動。其他選項在文中未明確提及。3.C解析：“substantial”意為“顯著的”，與“significant”意思相近。文中提到可再生能源的環(huán)保效益是“substantial”，即顯著的。4.C解析：作者認(rèn)為可再生能源雖然面臨挑戰(zhàn)，但最終可能會普及，這表明它有潛力克服困難。選項A過于樂觀，B、D與文意不符。5.A解析：文中暗示化石燃料仍被廣泛使用是因為可再生能源技術(shù)還不夠成熟。其他選項在文中未得到支持。6.B解析：文中提到太陽能資源豐富且廣泛可用，這是其一個主要優(yōu)勢。其他選項未在文中明確說明。7.C解析：“sustainable”意為“可持續(xù)的”，與“environmentallyfriendly”意思相近。文中強(qiáng)調(diào)可再生能源是環(huán)保的。8.B解析：“Achilles'heel”比喻主要弱點。文中指可再生能源的依賴天氣是其主要弱點。其他選項與文意不符。9.A解析：文中建議通過政府補(bǔ)貼來克服可再生能源的挑戰(zhàn)，這表明增加支持是解決方案之一。其他選項與文意相反。10.A解析：文中提到可再生能源可以減少空氣污染，這是其一個潛在好處。其他選項未在文中明確說明。11.B解析：文中暗示可再生能源不普及的原因之一是經(jīng)濟(jì)效益不如化石燃料。其他選項在文中未得到支持。12.D解析：文中提到風(fēng)能的一個限制是可能造成噪音污染。其他選項與文意不符。13.C解析：“diversify”意為“多樣化”，與“change”意思相近。文中提到需要多樣化能源來源以應(yīng)對需求。14.D解析：作者認(rèn)為未來可再生能源研究將專注于尋找更高效的新能源。其他選項與文意不符。15.A解析：文中提到水能是可再生能源，因為它來自水的循環(huán)。其他選項未在文中明確說明。16.B解析：文中建議通過提供更多激勵來使可再生能源更具吸引力。其他選項與文意相反。17.A解析：文中提到發(fā)展中國家使用可再生能源的主要挑戰(zhàn)是成本太高。其他選項在文中未得到支持。18.C解析：“infrastructure”意為“基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施”，指支持系統(tǒng)。文中提到需要完善可再生能源的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施。19.C解析：文中強(qiáng)調(diào)政府應(yīng)提供支持和激勵來促進(jìn)可再生能源發(fā)展。其他選項與文意不符。20.B解析：文中暗示可再生能源不普及的原因之一是經(jīng)濟(jì)效益不如化石燃料。其他選項在文中未得到支持。二、填空題答案及解析21.challenges解析：句意為“盡管可再生能源存在挑戰(zhàn)，但許多專家認(rèn)為它有潛力改變能源生產(chǎn)和使用方式?！眂hallenges意為“挑戰(zhàn)”。22.limitation解析：句意為“風(fēng)能的一個主要限制是其依賴風(fēng)模式，風(fēng)模式可能不可預(yù)測和不一致。”limitation意為“限制”。23.potential解析：句意為“水能的潛力使它成為許多國家發(fā)電的流行選擇?！眕otential意為“潛力”。24.attractive解析：句意為“為了使可再生能源更具吸引力，政府需要提供激勵和支持?！盿ttractive意為“有吸引力的”。25.development解析：句意為“可再生能源技術(shù)的開發(fā)對于克服挑戰(zhàn)和提高效率至關(guān)重要。”development意為“開發(fā)”。26.cost解析：句意為“使用可再生能源的一個主要障礙是初始成本，對某些消費者和企業(yè)來說可能過高?！眂ost意為“成本”。27.consumption解析：句意為“化石燃料的消耗導(dǎo)致了嚴(yán)重的環(huán)境破壞，包括空氣污染和氣候變化?！眂onsumption意為“消耗”。28.renewable解析：句意為“可再生能源是可再生的，因為它們自然再生，不會隨時間耗盡?！眗enewable意為“可再生的”。29.adoption解析：句意為“可再生能源在發(fā)展中國家的采用往往受到基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和資源缺乏的限制。”adoption意為“采用”。30.transition解析：句意為“可再生能源的轉(zhuǎn)型不僅是環(huán)境問題，也是經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會可持續(xù)性的問題?！眛ransition意為“轉(zhuǎn)型”。三、匹配題答案及解析31.C解析：描述太陽能的句子提到“來自太陽的能量，可以使用太陽能電池板收集”，對應(yīng)C選項。32.B解析：描述水能的句子提到“由水的運動產(chǎn)生的能量，通常在河流或水壩中”，對應(yīng)B選項。33.A解析：描述生物質(zhì)能的句子提到“通過將有機(jī)材料轉(zhuǎn)化為熱或電力產(chǎn)生的能量”，對應(yīng)A選項。34.B解析：描述風(fēng)能的句子提到“由空氣運動產(chǎn)生的能量，可以使用風(fēng)力渦輪機(jī)捕獲”，對應(yīng)B選項。35.A解析：描述地?zé)崮艿木渥犹岬健皝碜缘厍騼?nèi)部熱量的能量，可以通過地?zé)醿釉L問”，對應(yīng)A選項。四、簡答題答案及解析36.答案：可再生能源的主要好處包括減少環(huán)境污染、緩解氣候變化、提高能源安全、促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長和創(chuàng)造就業(yè)機(jī)會。解析：文中多次提到可再生能源的環(huán)保效益和可持續(xù)發(fā)展?jié)摿Γ@些是其主要好處。37.答案：可再生能源技術(shù)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)包括初始成本高、依賴天氣條件、基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施不足、技術(shù)不成熟和政策支持不足。解析：文中詳細(xì)列舉了可再生能源的挑戰(zhàn)，包括經(jīng)濟(jì)、技術(shù)和政策方面的障礙。38.答案：政府可以通過提供財政補(bǔ)貼、稅收優(yōu)惠、研發(fā)支持、建立示范項目、制定激勵性政策等方式支持可再生能源發(fā)展。解析：文中提到政府應(yīng)提供支持和激勵，并列舉了具體的支持方式。39.答案：多樣化能源來源可以減少對單一能源的依賴，提高能源供應(yīng)的穩(wěn)定性和可靠性，降低能源風(fēng)險，促進(jìn)能源技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展。解析：文中強(qiáng)調(diào)多樣化能源的重要性，并解釋了其多重好處。40.答案：可再生能源在應(yīng)對氣候變化方面具有重要意義，因為它可以減少溫室氣體排放，改善空氣質(zhì)量，保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境。transitioningtorenewableenergycancontributetoamoresustainablefuturebyensuringlong-termenergysecurity,promotingeconomicdevelopment,andimprovingsocialequity.解析：文中提到可再生能源是應(yīng)對氣候變化的關(guān)鍵，并強(qiáng)調(diào)了其長期效益。五、論述題答案及解析41.答案：可再生能源在應(yīng)對氣候變化方面具有重要意義，因為它可以減少溫室氣體排放，改善空氣質(zhì)量，保護(hù)生態(tài)環(huán)境。transitioningtorenewableenergycancontributetoamoresustainablefuturebyensuringlong-termenergysecurity,promotingeconomicdevelopment,andimprovingsocialequity.Renewableenergysources,suchassolar,wind,andhydropower,emitlittletonogreenhousegasesduringoperation,makingthemacleanandsustainablealternativetofossilfuels.Byreplacingfossilfuelswithrenewableenergy,wecansignificantlyreducecarbondioxideemissions,whicharetheprimarydriverofclimatechange.Additionally,renewableenergycanimproveairqualitybyreducingpollutantsthatcontributetosmogandrespiratorydiseases.This,inturn,canleadtobetterpublichealthoutcomesandreducedhealthcarecosts.Furthermore,thetransitiontorenewableenergycancontributetoamoresustainablefuturebyensuringlong-termenergysecurity.Unlikefossilfuels,whicharefiniteandsubjecttogeopoliticaltension