2025年托福考試閱讀真題模擬模擬試卷：生物多樣性保護(hù)策略考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、選詞填空要求：從每個(gè)句子中挖掉一個(gè)詞，然后在下面的選項(xiàng)中選出最合適的詞填入句子中，使句子意思完整。每個(gè)詞只能使用一次。1.Therapidextinctionofspeciesisaseriousissuethatthreatensthebalanceofecosystems.A.declineB.increaseC.diversityD.habitat2.Conservationeffortsofteninvolvetheprotectionofcriticalhabitatswheremanyendangeredspecieslive.A.restorationB.destructionC.preservationD.degradation3.Invasivespeciescandisruptlocalecosystemsbyoutcompetingnativefloraandfauna.A.threatenB.enhanceC.integrateD.invade4.Geneticdiversitywithinaspecieshelpsincreaseitsresiliencetoenvironmentalchanges.A.variationB.reductionC.similarityD.uniformity5.Sustainableagriculturepracticescanhelpreducethelossofbiodiversityinruralareas.A.traditionalB.modernC.organicD.unsustainable6.Community-basedconservationreliesonlocalpeopletoactivelyparticipateinprotectingtheirnaturalsurroundings.A.governmentB.internationalC.localD.global7.Climatechangeisamajordriverofbiodiversitylossworldwide.A.pollutionB.deforestationC.conservationD.mitigation8.Ecotourismcanprovideeconomicincentivesfortheprotectionofnaturalhabitats.A.pollutionB.destructionC.sustainabilityD.conservation9.Endangeredspeciesoftenfacethreatsfrompoachingandillegalwildlifetrade.A.protectionB.exploitationC.conservationD.preservation10.Restorationecologyfocusesonrebuildingdegradedecosystemstotheirformerglory.A.conservationB.destructionC.degradationD.restoration二、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。每個(gè)問題都有四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，請(qǐng)選擇最合適的答案。1.Accordingtothepassage,whatistheprimarycauseofbiodiversityloss?A.HabitatdestructionB.GeneticdiversityC.InvasivespeciesD.Climatechange2.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheimportanceofgeneticdiversity?A.Itisunnecessaryforspeciessurvival.B.Itreducesaspecies'resiliencetochanges.C.Ithelpsspeciesadapttoenvironmentalchanges.D.Itisonlyimportantforendangeredspecies.3.Howdoessustainableagriculturecontributetobiodiversityconservation?A.Bypromotingtheuseofpesticides.B.Byencouragingthegrowthofinvasivespecies.C.Byreducingthelossofnativefloraandfauna.D.Byincreasingthedemandfornaturalhabitats.4.Whatisthemainpurposeofcommunity-basedconservation?A.Torelyongovernmentpoliciesforprotection.B.Toinvolvelocalpeopleinconservationefforts.C.Tofocusoninternationalconservationprojects.D.Toexcludelocalcommunitiesfromnaturalsurroundings.5.Accordingtothepassage,whatisakeychallengeinbiodiversityconservation?A.Lackofeconomicincentives.B.Insufficientgovernmentsupport.C.Overpopulationoflocalcommunities.D.Limitedpublicawareness.6.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttheroleofecotourism?A.Itleadstoincreasedpollutioninnaturalhabitats.B.Itprovideseconomicbenefitsforconservation.C.Itencouragestheexploitationofnaturalresources.D.Ithasnoimpactonbiodiversityconservation.7.Howdoespoachingcontributetobiodiversityloss?A.Byprotectingendangeredspecies.B.Byreducingthedemandforwildlifeproducts.C.Byincreasinggeneticdiversity.D.Bypreventingillegalwildlifetrade.8.Whatisthemainfocusofrestorationecology?A.Tostudythecausesofbiodiversityloss.B.Topreventthedegradationofecosystems.C.Torebuilddegradedecosystems.D.Tomonitorthehealthofnaturalhabitats.9.Accordingtothepassage,whatisasignificantthreattobiodiversityworldwide?A.Sustainableagriculturepractices.B.Community-basedconservationefforts.C.Climatechangeandhabitatdestruction.D.Geneticdiversitywithinspecies.10.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthefutureofbiodiversityconservation?A.Itwillrelysolelyongovernmentpolicies.B.Itwillfocusoninternationalcollaborations.C.Itwillinvolvelocalcommunitiesandsustainablepractices.D.Itwillprioritizetheprotectionofinvasivespecies.三、句子匹配要求：下面的每一句話都描述了生物多樣性保護(hù)中的一個(gè)方面，請(qǐng)將其與最適合的選項(xiàng)進(jìn)行匹配。每個(gè)選項(xiàng)只能使用一次。1.Thisstrategyinvolvessettingasideprotectedareastoconservenaturalhabitatsandwildlife.A.Invasivespeciesmanagement2.Itfocusesonrestoringecosystemsthathavebeendamagedordegradedovertime.B.Geneticdiversitypreservation3.Thisapproachaimstocontroloreliminatespeciesthatharmlocalecosystems.C.Habitatconservation4.Itinvolvesprotectingthegeneticvariationwithinspeciestoensuretheirlong-termsurvival.D.Restorationecology5.Thismethodencourageslocalcommunitiestoparticipateactivelyinconservationefforts.E.Community-basedconservation6.Itaddressestheissueofnon-nativespeciesoutcompetingnativefloraandfauna.F.Sustainableagriculture7.Thispracticeseekstominimizetheenvironmentalimpactoffarmingandreducehabitatloss.G.Climatechangemitigation8.Itfocusesonreducinggreenhousegasemissionstocombatglobalwarminganditseffects.H.Poachingprevention9.Thisstrategyinvolvesregulatingorbanningthehuntingandtradeofendangeredanimals.10.Itinvolvespromotingresponsibletourismthatsupportsconservationgoals.A.Ecotourism四、短文回答要求：閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。每個(gè)問題的回答應(yīng)該簡潔明了，不超過三句話。短文：Biodiversitylossisacriticalissuefacingourplanettoday.Itresultsfromvarioushumanactivities,includingdeforestation,pollution,andtheintroductionofinvasivespecies.Conservationistsareworkingonmultiplefrontstoaddressthisproblem.Onekeyapproachishabitatconservation,whereprotectedareasareestablishedtosafeguardnaturalecosystems.Anotherimportantstrategyisthepreservationofgeneticdiversitywithinspecies,whichenhancestheirabilitytoadapttochangingenvironments.Additionally,community-basedconservationinitiativesempowerlocalpeopletoparticipateinprotectingtheirnaturalsurroundings.Invasivespeciesmanagementisalsocrucial,asthesenon-nativespeciescandisruptlocalecosystemsbyoutcompetingnativefloraandfauna.Effortstomitigateclimatechangeareessential,asglobalwarmingexacerbatesbiodiversityloss.Sustainableagriculturepracticescanhelpreducehabitatdestructionandprotectnativespecies.Finally,ecotourismprovideseconomicincentivesforconservation,allowingpeopletobenefitfinanciallyfrompreservingnaturalhabitats.Bycombiningthesestrategies,wecancreateamorecomprehensiveapproachtobiodiversityconservation.1.Whatarethemaincausesofbiodiversitylossmentionedinthepassage?2.Howdoeshabitatconservationcontributetobiodiversityprotection?3.Whyisgeneticdiversityimportantforspeciessurvival?4.Whatroledolocalcommunitiesplayincommunity-basedconservation?5.Howcaninvasivespeciesimpactlocalecosystems?6.Whyisclimatechangemitigationimportantforbiodiversity?7.Whataresustainableagriculturepractices,andhowdotheyhelpbiodiversity?8.Howdoesecotourismsupportconservationefforts?五、判斷題要求：下面的每一句話都是一個(gè)關(guān)于生物多樣性保護(hù)的說法，請(qǐng)判斷其真假。每個(gè)句子后面都跟著“True”或“False”。1.Habitatdestructionisoneoftheprimarycausesofbiodiversityloss.True/False2.Geneticdiversityisonlyimportantforendangeredspecies.True/False3.Community-basedconservationreliessolelyongovernmentfunding.True/False4.Invasivespeciesalwaysbenefitlocalecosystems.True/False5.Climatechangehasnosignificantimpactonbiodiversity.True/False6.Sustainableagriculturepracticesalwaysleadtohabitatdestruction.True/False7.Ecotourismcanprovideeconomicbenefitsforconservation.True/False8.Poachingislegalinmostcountries.True/False9.Restorationecologyaimstopreservenaturalhabitatsintheircurrentstate.True/False10.Biodiversityconservationisaglobalresponsibility.True/False本次試卷答案如下一、選詞填空答案及解析1.A.decline解析：句子意思是物種的快速滅絕是一個(gè)嚴(yán)重的問題，威脅到生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的平衡。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述物種滅絕的情況，"decline"（下降，減少）符合句意，表示物種數(shù)量在減少。2.C.preservation解析：句子意思是保護(hù)工作通常涉及保護(hù)關(guān)鍵棲息地，許多瀕危物種就生活在那里。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述對(duì)棲息地的保護(hù)行為，"preservation"（保護(hù)，維持）符合句意，表示保護(hù)棲息地的原狀。3.D.invade解析：句子意思是入侵物種會(huì)通過爭奪本土植物和動(dòng)物的生存空間來破壞當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。"invade"（入侵）在這里符合句意，表示入侵物種進(jìn)入并影響當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)。4.A.variation解析：句子意思是物種內(nèi)的遺傳多樣性有助于提高其對(duì)環(huán)境變化的適應(yīng)能力。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述物種內(nèi)的遺傳差異，"variation"（變異，多樣性）符合句意，表示物種內(nèi)部存在遺傳上的不同。5.C.organic解析：句子意思是可持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐可以幫助減少農(nóng)村地區(qū)的生物多樣性喪失。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述可持續(xù)的農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐，"organic"（有機(jī)的）符合句意，表示使用有機(jī)方法進(jìn)行的農(nóng)業(yè)。6.C.local解析：句子意思是社區(qū)基礎(chǔ)的保護(hù)依賴于當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣穹e極參與保護(hù)他們的自然環(huán)境。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述參與保護(hù)的人，"local"（當(dāng)?shù)氐模┓暇湟猓硎井?dāng)?shù)氐木用瘛?.D.mitigation解析：句子意思是氣候變化是導(dǎo)致全球生物多樣性喪失的主要驅(qū)動(dòng)因素。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述對(duì)氣候變化的應(yīng)對(duì)措施，"mitigation"（減輕，緩解）符合句意，表示減輕氣候變化的影響。8.C.sustainability解析：句子意思是生態(tài)旅游可以為保護(hù)自然棲息地提供經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì)。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述生態(tài)旅游的目的，"sustainability"（可持續(xù)性）符合句意，表示生態(tài)旅游旨在實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。9.B.exploitation解析：句子意思是瀕危物種通常面臨來自偷獵和非法野生動(dòng)物貿(mào)易的威脅。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的利用方式，"exploitation"（剝削，利用）符合句意，表示對(duì)野生動(dòng)物的過度利用。10.D.restoration解析：句子意思是恢復(fù)生態(tài)學(xué)專注于重建退化生態(tài)系統(tǒng)以恢復(fù)其原來的樣子。這里需要填入一個(gè)詞來描述恢復(fù)生態(tài)學(xué)的目標(biāo)，"restoration"（恢復(fù)，修復(fù)）符合句意，表示恢復(fù)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的原狀。二、閱讀理解答案及解析1.A.Habitatdestruction解析：根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，棲息地破壞是生物多樣性喪失的主要原因之一。短文中提到了多種導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的因素，但棲息地破壞被明確指出是主要因素之一。2.C.Ithelpsspeciesadapttoenvironmentalchanges.解析：短文指出，遺傳多樣性有助于物種適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化。這意味著遺傳多樣性是物種生存和適應(yīng)變化的關(guān)鍵因素。3.C.Byreducingthelossofnativefloraandfauna.解析：短文提到，可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐可以通過減少對(duì)本土植物和動(dòng)物的損失來幫助生物多樣性保護(hù)。這表明可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)有助于保護(hù)本土生物。4.B.Toinvolvelocalpeopleinconservationefforts.解析：短文解釋了社區(qū)基礎(chǔ)的保護(hù)依賴于當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣穹e極參與保護(hù)他們的自然環(huán)境。這意味著社區(qū)基礎(chǔ)的保護(hù)旨在讓當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣駞⑴c到保護(hù)工作中。5.D.Limitedpublicawareness.解析：短文提到，生物多樣性保護(hù)的一個(gè)主要挑戰(zhàn)是公眾意識(shí)有限。這表明很多人對(duì)生物多樣性保護(hù)的重要性缺乏了解。6.B.Itprovideseconomicbenefitsforconservation.解析：短文指出，生態(tài)旅游可以為保護(hù)自然棲息地提供經(jīng)濟(jì)激勵(lì)。這意味著生態(tài)旅游可以通過經(jīng)濟(jì)利益來支持生物多樣性保護(hù)。7.B.Byreducingthedemandforwildlifeproducts.解析：短文提到，偷獵導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失，因?yàn)樗鼫p少了野生動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品的需求。這表明偷獵者通過非法交易野生動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品來獲取利益，從而威脅到生物多樣性。8.D.Tomonitorthehealthofnaturalhabitats.解析：短文解釋了恢復(fù)生態(tài)學(xué)的目標(biāo)是監(jiān)測自然棲息地的健康狀況。這意味著恢復(fù)生態(tài)學(xué)關(guān)注的是生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康和恢復(fù)情況。9.C.Climatechangeandhabitatdestruction.解析：短文指出，氣候變化和棲息地破壞是導(dǎo)致全球生物多樣性喪失的主要威脅。這表明這兩個(gè)因素對(duì)生物多樣性產(chǎn)生了重大影響。10.C.Itwillinvolvelocalcommunitiesandsustainablepractices.解析：短文提到，未來的生物多樣性保護(hù)將結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和可持續(xù)實(shí)踐。這意味著未來的保護(hù)工作將更加注重社區(qū)參與和可持續(xù)性。三、句子匹配答案及解析1.C.Habitatconservation解析：句子描述了為保護(hù)自然棲息地和野生動(dòng)物而設(shè)立保護(hù)區(qū)，這正是棲息地保護(hù)的定義。2.D.Restorationecology解析：句子描述了恢復(fù)受損或退化的生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，這是恢復(fù)生態(tài)學(xué)的核心目標(biāo)。3.A.Invasivespeciesmanagement解析：句子提到了控制或消除危害當(dāng)?shù)厣鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)的物種，這正是入侵物種管理的目的。4.B.Geneticdiversitypreservation解析：句子強(qiáng)調(diào)了保護(hù)物種內(nèi)的遺傳變異以確保其長期生存，這是遺傳多樣性保護(hù)的意義。5.E.Community-basedconservation解析：句子描述了鼓勵(lì)當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)積極參與保護(hù)工作，這正是社區(qū)基礎(chǔ)保護(hù)的特點(diǎn)。6.F.Sustainableagriculture解析：句子提到了通過可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐減少環(huán)境impact和棲息地?fù)p失，這是可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)對(duì)生物多樣性的貢獻(xiàn)。7.G.Climatechangemitigation解析：句子解釋了通過減少溫室氣體排放來應(yīng)對(duì)全球變暖及其影響，這正是氣候變化緩解的措施。8.H.Poachingprevention解析：句子涉及監(jiān)管或禁止偷獵瀕危動(dòng)物，這是防止偷獵的策略。9.10.A.Ecotourism解析：句子描述了通過推廣負(fù)責(zé)任的旅游來支持保護(hù)目標(biāo)，這正是生態(tài)旅游的作用。四、短文回答答案及解析1.Deforestation,pollution,andtheintroductionofinvasivespeciesarethemaincausesofbiodiversitylossmentionedinthepassage.解析：短文開頭就提到了導(dǎo)致生物多樣性喪失的主要人類活動(dòng)，包括森林砍伐、污染和入侵物種的引入。2.Habitatconservationcontributestobiodiversityprotectionbyestablishingprotectedareastosafeguardnaturalecosystems.解析：短文中提到，棲息地保護(hù)通過建立保護(hù)區(qū)來保護(hù)自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)，從而有助于生物多樣性保護(hù)。3.Geneticdiversityisimportantforspeciessurvivalbecauseitenhancestheirabilitytoadapttochangingenvironments.解析：短文解釋了遺傳多樣性之所以重要，是因?yàn)樗岣吡宋锓N適應(yīng)環(huán)境變化的能力。4.