2025年托?？荚囬喿x真題模擬模擬試卷：詞匯語法同步提升考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、詞匯選擇要求：下面每一道題中，都有一段劃線的部分，每一段后面都跟著四個(gè)選項(xiàng)。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)上下文，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)替換劃線的部分，使整段話意思通順，表達(dá)準(zhǔn)確。注意，可能有多個(gè)選項(xiàng)看起來都挺合適的，但只有一個(gè)是最佳答案。1.Therapidadvancementsintechnologyhavefundamentallyalteredthewaywecommunicate,makingitpossibletointeractwithpeoplefromallcornersoftheglobeinamatterofseconds.However,thisphenomenonhasalsogivenrisetonewchallenges,suchasthepotentialformisinterpretationduetoculturaldifferencesandtheissueofinformationoverload.Despitethesechallenges,thebenefitsofglobalconnectivityareundeniable,astheyhavefosteredinternationalcollaborationandenabledtherapidexchangeofideasandknowledge.Whichofthefollowingwordsbestreplaces"fundamentally"inthiscontext?A.superficiallyB.graduallyC.significantlyD.intentionally2.Marineecosystemsareincrediblycomplexanddelicate,hostingadiversearrayofspeciesthathaveevolvedovermillionsofyearstothriveintheirspecifichabitats.Theseecosystemsprovidenumerousessentialservicestohumanity,suchasgeneratingoxygen,purifyingwater,andsupportingcommercialfisheries.Yet,theyareincreasinglythreatenedbyhumanactivitieslikeoverfishing,pollution,andhabitatdestruction.Ifwewanttoensurethelong-termhealthofthesevitalsystems,itiscrucialthatwetakeimmediateanddecisiveactiontoprotectandconservethem.Whatisthebestwordtoreplace"increasingly"inthispassage?A.steadilyB.progressivelyC.reluctantlyD.minimally3.Thehumanbrainisaremarkableorgan,capableofperforminganastoundingarrayoffunctions,frombasicreflexestocomplexcognitivetaskslikeproblem-solvingandcreativity.Overthecenturies,scientistsandphilosophershaveattemptedtounravelthemysteriesofthebrain,seekingtounderstandhowitprocessesinformationandgeneratesthoughts.Whilemuchhasbeenlearnedaboutitsstructureandfunction,thereisstillsomuchmorethatremainsunknown.Thestudyofthebrainnotonlyenhancesourknowledgeofourselvesbutalsohaspracticalimplicationsfortreatingneurologicaldisordersandimprovingeducationalmethods.Whichoptionwouldbethemostsuitablereplacementfor"remarkable"inthiscontext?A.ordinaryB.ordinaryC.extraordinaryD.average4.Thehistoryofartisatestamenttotheincrediblecreativityanddiversityofhumanexpressionacrossdifferentculturesandtimeperiods.Fromthecavepaintingsofprehistorictimestothedigitalartofthe21stcentury,arthasservedasameansofcommunication,areflectionofsocietalvalues,andasourceofaestheticpleasure.Understandingarthistoryallowsustoappreciatetheevolutionofhumanthoughtandthevariouswaysinwhichpeoplehavesoughttomakesenseoftheirworld.Whichofthefollowingwordswouldbestreplace"testament"inthispassage?A.contradictionB.compilationC.testamentD.transformation5.Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesfacingourplanettoday,withfar-reachingconsequencesforecosystems,economies,andhumansocieties.Thescientificconsensusisclear:humanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuels,havesignificantlyincreasedtheconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmosphere,leadingtoglobalwarminganditsassociatedimpacts.Addressingthischallengerequiresaconcertedeffortfromgovernments,businesses,andindividualstoreduceemissionsandtransitiontomoresustainablepractices.Theeffectsofclimatechangearealreadybeingfeltaroundtheworld,andthetimetoactisnow.Whatwouldbethemostappropriatewordtoreplace"pressing"inthiscontext?A.trivialB.urgentC.remoteD.hypothetical二、語法填空要求：下面有五段短文，每段短文中有十個(gè)空格，每個(gè)空格需要填入一個(gè)單詞。這些短文涵蓋了多種題材，包括科學(xué)、文化、社會(huì)等。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)上下文，填寫最合適的單詞，使短文意思通順，語法正確。注意，每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞，并且有些空格可能需要填寫相對(duì)復(fù)雜的詞，比如動(dòng)詞的過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞，或者名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式等。1.TheancientcityofRomewasrenownedforitsarchitecturalmarvels,whichincludedtheColosseum,thePantheon,andtheRomanForum.ThesestructureswerenotonlyengineeringfeatsbutalsosymbolsofRomanpowerandsophistication.TheColosseum,inparticular,wasamassiveamphitheatercapableofholdingtensofthousandsofspectators.Itwasusedforgladiatorialcontests,animalhunts,andpublicspectacles.ThePantheon,withitsmagnificentdome,wasatemplededicatedtoallthegodsoftheRomanpantheon.TheRomanForum,theheartofRomanpubliclife,wasabustlingmarketplaceandacenterforpoliticalandlegalactivities.ThearchitectureofancientRomereflectedtheRomans'abilitytoinnovateandadapt,leavingalastinglegacythatcontinuestoinspirearchitectsandengineerstoday.1.TheancientcityofRomewas______foritsarchitecturalmarvels.2.ThesestructureswerenotonlyengineeringfeatsbutalsosymbolsofRomanpowerand______.3.TheColosseum,inparticular,wasamassiveamphitheatercapableofholdingtensofthousandsof______.4.Itwasusedforgladiatorialcontests,animalhunts,andpublic______.5.ThePantheon,withitsmagnificentdome,wasatemplededicatedtoallthegodsoftheRoman______.6.TheRomanForum,theheartofRomanpubliclife,wasabustlingmarketplaceandacenterforpoliticaland______activities.7.ThearchitectureofancientRomereflectedtheRomans'abilityto______andadapt.8.TheRomans'abilitytoinnovateandadaptleftalasting______thatcontinuestoinspirearchitectsandengineerstoday.9.TheRomans'abilitytoinnovateandadaptleftalasting______thatcontinuestoinspirearchitectsandengineerstoday.10.TheRomans'abilitytoinnovateandadaptleftalasting______thatcontinuestoinspirearchitectsandengineerstoday.2.TheIndustrialRevolution,whichbeganinthelate18thcenturyinBritain,markedaprofoundshiftinhumanhistory.Itwasaperiodofmajortechnologicaladvancementsthattransformedagriculture,manufacturing,mining,andtransportation.Theintroductionofnewinventionslikethesteamengineandthespinningjennyrevolutionizedproductionmethods,leadingtoincreasedefficiencyandthegrowthoffactories.Thisperiodalsosawsignificanturbanizationaspeoplemovedfromruralareastocitiesinsearchofwork.TheIndustrialRevolutionhadbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonsociety.Ontheonehand,itledtoeconomicgrowthandimprovedlivingstandardsformany.Ontheotherhand,italsoresultedinpoorworkingconditions,childlabor,andenvironmentalpollution.Despitethesechallenges,theIndustrialRevolutionlaidthefoundationformodernindustrialsocietyandcontinuestoshapeourworldtoday.1.TheIndustrialRevolution,whichbeganinthelate18thcenturyinBritain,______aprofoundshiftinhumanhistory.2.Itwasaperiodofmajortechnologicaladvancementsthattransformedagriculture,manufacturing,mining,and______.3.Theintroductionofnewinventionslikethesteamengineandthespinningjenny______productionmethods,leadingtoincreasedefficiencyandthegrowthoffactories.4.Thisperiodalsosawsignificanturbanizationaspeoplemovedfromruralareastocitiesinsearchof______.5.TheIndustrialRevolutionhadbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonsociety.Ontheonehand,itledtoeconomicgrowthandimprovedlivingstandardsformany.6.Ontheotherhand,italsoresultedinpoorworkingconditions,childlabor,and______.7.Despitethesechallenges,theIndustrialRevolutionlaidthefoundationformodernindustrialsocietyand______toshapeourworldtoday.3.Thehumanbrainisacomplexorganthatcontrolsmostoftheactivitiesofourbody,processing,integrating,andcoordinatingtheinformationitreceivesfromthesenseorgans,andmakingdecisionsastotheinstructionssenttotherestofthebody.Thebrainiscontainedin,andprotectedby,theskullbonesofthehead.Theadulthumanbrainweighsabout3pounds(1.4kilograms).Thebraincanbedividedintothreemainparts:thecerebrum,thecerebellum,andthebrainstem.Thecerebrumisthelargestpartofthebrainandisresponsibleforhighercognitivefunctionssuchasthought,memory,andlanguage.Thecerebellum,locatedatthebackofthebrain,coordinatesvoluntarymovementssuchaswalkingandpickingupobjects.Thebrainstem,whichconnectsthebraintothespinalcord,controlsbasiclifefunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate.Eachpartofthebrainworkstogethertoensurethatourbodiesfunctionproperly.1.Thehumanbrainisacomplexorganthat______mostoftheactivitiesofourbody.2.Thebrainiscontainedin,andprotectedby,theskullbonesofthehead.3.Theadulthumanbrainweighsabout3pounds(1.4______).4.Thebraincanbedividedintothreemainparts:thecerebrum,thecerebellum,andthe______.5.Thecerebrumisthelargestpartofthebrainandisresponsibleforhighercognitivefunctionssuchasthought,memory,and______.6.Thecerebellum,locatedatthebackofthebrain,coordinatesvoluntarymovementssuchaswalkingandpickingup______.7.Thebrainstem,whichconnectsthebraintothespinalcord,controlsbasiclifefunctionssuchas______andheartrate.8.Eachpartofthebrainworkstogethertoensurethatourbodies______properly.4.TheRenaissancewasaperiodofgreatculturalchangeandachievementthatbeganinthe14thcenturyinItalyandlasteduntilthe17thcentury.Itwasatimewhenart,literature,science,andphilosophyflourished,markingabridgebetweentheMiddleAgesandmodernity.TheRenaissancewascharacterizedbyarenewedinterestintheclassicalartandideasofancientGreeceandRome.ArtistslikeLeonardodaVinci,Michelangelo,andRaphaelcreatedsomeofthemostfamousworksofartinhistory,whilewriterslikeDante,Petrarch,andShakespeareproducedliteraturethatcontinuestobecelebratedtoday.TheRenaissancealsosawsignificantadvancementsinscience,withfigureslikeGalileoandCopernicuschallengingtraditionalbeliefsandproposingnewtheoriesabouttheuniverse.TheimpactoftheRenaissanceonWesterncivilizationisimmeasurable,anditslegacycontinuestoinspirecreativityandinnovationtothisday.1.TheRenaissancewasaperiodofgreatculturalchangeand______thatbeganinthe14thcenturyinItalyandlasteduntilthe17thcentury.2.Itwasatimewhenart,literature,science,andphilosophy______,markingabridgebetweentheMiddleAgesandmodernity.3.TheRenaissancewascharacterizedbyarenewedinterestintheclassicalartandideasofancientGreeceand______.4.ArtistslikeLeonardodaVinci,Michelangelo,andRaphaelcreatedsomeofthemostfamousworksofartinhistory,whilewriterslikeDante,Petrarch,and______producedliteraturethatcontinuestobecelebratedtoday.5.TheRenaissancealsosawsignificantadvancementsinscience,withfigureslikeGalileoandCopernicuschallengingtraditionalbeliefsandproposingnewtheoriesaboutthe______.6.TheimpactoftheRenaissanceonWesterncivilizationisimmeasurable,anditslegacycontinuestoinspirecreativityand______tothisday.5.TheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofQueensland,Australia,istheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem,composedofover2,900individualreefsand900islands.Itstretchesforover2,300kilometers(1,400miles)andishometoadiversearrayofmarinelife,includingover1,500speciesoffish,400speciesofcoral,andnumerousotherorganismssuchasturtles,sharks,andwhales.TheGreatBarrierReefisavitalecosystemthatprovidesimportantservicestohumanity,suchassupportingcommercialfisheries,protectingcoastlinesfromstormsurges,andcontributingtothetourismindustry.However,thereefisfacingsignificantthreatsfromhumanactivitieslikeclimatechange,pollution,andoverfishing.Ifwewanttoensurethelong-termhealthoftheGreatBarrierReef,itiscrucialthatwetakeimmediateanddecisiveactiontoprotectandconserveit.1.TheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofQueensland,Australia,isthe______coralreefsystemintheworld.2.Itstretchesforover2,300kilometers(1,400miles)andishometoadiversearrayofmarinelife,includingover1,500speciesof______,400speciesofcoral,andnumerousotherorganismssuchasturtles,sharks,andwhales.3.TheGreatBarrierReefisavitalecosystemthatprovidesimportantservicestohumanity,suchassupportingcommercialfisheries,protectingcoastlinesfrom______andcontributingtothetourismindustry.4.However,thereefisfacingsignificantthreatsfromhumanactivitieslikeclimatechange,pollution,and______.5.Ifwewanttoensurethelong-termhealthoftheGreatBarrierReef,itiscrucialthatwetakeimmediateanddecisiveactiontoprotectand______it.三、閱讀理解要求：下面有五篇文章，每篇文章后面都有若干道問題。請(qǐng)你仔細(xì)閱讀每篇文章，然后根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容回答問題。對(duì)于選擇題，請(qǐng)選擇最符合文章內(nèi)容的答案。對(duì)于問答題，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，用自己的話回答問題，盡量簡潔明了。1.TheInternethasrevolutionizedthewaywecommunicate,accessinformation,andconductbusiness.Withtheclickofamouse,wecanconnectwithpeoplearoundtheworld,researchanytopicimaginable,andshopfromthecomfortofourhomes.However,thisdigitalageisnotwithoutitschallenges.Issuessuchasprivacyconcerns,thespreadofmisinformation,andthedigitaldivideremainsignificantobstaclesthatneedtobeaddressed.Despitethesechallenges,thebenefitsoftheInternetareundeniable,anditcontinuestoshapeourlivesinprofoundways.(1).WhathastheInternetrevolutionizedaccordingtothepassage?A.ThewaywetravelB.Thewaywecommunicate,accessinformation,andconductbusinessC.ThewayweeatD.Thewaywewearclothes(2).Whataresomeofthechallengesmentionedinthepassage?A.Privacyconcerns,thespreadofmisinformation,andthedigitaldivideB.Highcosts,slowspeeds,andlimitedaccessC.Joblosses,socialisolation,andreducedproductivityD.Increasedcrime,politicalunrest,andenvironmentaldegradation(3).Accordingtothepassage,whatarethebenefitsoftheInternet?A.ItallowsustowatchmoreTVB.IthelpsusmakemoremoneyC.ItshapesourlivesinprofoundwaysD.Itkeepsusentertainedalldaylong2.Climatechangeisamajorglobalissuethataffectseverycorneroftheplanet.Risingtemperatures,meltingicecaps,andextremeweathereventsarejustafewoftheconsequencesofhumanactivitiesthatcontributetoclimatechange.Scientistsagreethathumanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestation,aretheprimarydriversofthisphenomenon.Theimpactsofclimatechangearefar-reachingandincludenotonlyenvironmentaldegradationbutalsoeconomiclossesandsocialunrest.Addressingclimatechangerequiresacollectiveeffortfromgovernments,businesses,andindividualstoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandadoptmoresustainablepractices.(1).Whatisamajorglobalissuementionedinthepassage?A.TheriseofpopulationB.ClimatechangeC.TheincreaseoftechnologyD.Thegrowthofcities(2).Whataresomeoftheconsequencesofclimatechangementionedinthepassage?A.Morejobs,bettereconomy,andmoretreesB.Risingtemperatures,meltingicecaps,andextremeweathereventsC.Lowerprices,morefood,andbetterhousingD.Fasterinternet,morecars,andmoreshopping(3).Accordingtothepassage,whataretheprimarydriversofclimatechange?A.Thesun'sradiation,volcaniceruptions,andnaturalweatherpatternsB.Humanactivities,particularlytheburningoffossilfuelsanddeforestationC.Governmentpolicies,internationalagreements,andenvironmentalregulationsD.Technologicaladvancements,industrialgrowth,andurbanization3.Thehumanbrainisaremarkableorganthatcontrolsmostoftheactivitiesofourbody,processing,integrating,andcoordinatingtheinformationitreceivesfromthesenseorgans,andmakingdecisionsastotheinstructionssenttotherestofthebody.Thebrainiscontainedin,andprotectedby,theskullbonesofthehead.Theadulthumanbrainweighsabout3pounds(1.4kilograms).Thebraincanbedividedintothreemainparts:thecerebrum,thecerebellum,andthebrainstem.Thecerebrumisthelargestpartofthebrainandisresponsibleforhighercognitivefunctionssuchasthought,memory,andlanguage.Thecerebellum,locatedatthebackofthebrain,coordinatesvoluntarymovementssuchaswalkingandpickingupobjects.Thebrainstem,whichconnectsthebraintothespinalcord,controlsbasiclifefunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate.Eachpartofthebrainworkstogethertoensurethatourbodiesfunctionproperly.(1).Whatdoesthehumanbraincontrolaccordingtothepassage?A.TheactivitiesofourbodyB.ThesenseorgansC.TheskullbonesD.Thespinalcord(2).Whatistheweightoftheadulthumanbrainmentionedinthepassage?A.1.4kilogramsB.3poundsC.2.8poundsD.4kilograms(3).Howmanymainpartsdoesthebrainhaveaccordingtothepassage?A.TwoB.ThreeC.FourD.Five4.TheRenaissancewasaperiodofgreatculturalchangeandachievementthatbeganinthe14thcenturyinItalyandlasteduntilthe17thcentury.Itwasatimewhenart,literature,science,andphilosophyflourished,markingabridgebetweentheMiddleAgesandmodernity.TheRenaissancewascharacterizedbyarenewedinterestintheclassicalartandideasofancientGreeceandRome.ArtistslikeLeonardodaVinci,Michelangelo,andRaphaelcreatedsomeofthemostfamousworksofartinhistory,whilewriterslikeDante,Petrarch,andShakespeareproducedliteraturethatcontinuestobecelebratedtoday.TheRenaissancealsosawsignificantadvancementsinscience,withfigureslikeGalileoandCopernicuschallengingtraditionalbeliefsandproposingnewtheoriesabouttheuniverse.TheimpactoftheRenaissanceonWesterncivilizationisimmeasurable,anditslegacycontinuestoinspirecreativityandinnovationtothisday.(1).WhatwastheRenaissanceaperiodofaccordingtothepassage?A.GreatculturalchangeandachievementB.GreateconomicgrowthandtechnologicaladvancementC.GreatpoliticalinstabilityandsocialunrestD.Greatmilitaryconquestsandterritorialexpansion(2).WhatmarkedthebridgebetweentheMiddleAgesandmodernityaccordingtothepassage?A.TheIndustrialRevolutionB.TheRenaissanceC.TheFrenchRevolutionD.TheWorldWars(3).Accordingtothepassage,whatwasacharacteristicoftheRenaissance?A.ArenewedinterestintheclassicalartandideasofancientGreeceandRomeB.AdeclineintheinterestoftheclassicalartandideasofancientGreeceandRomeC.AfocusonreligiousartandideasD.Afocusonreligiousartandideas5.TheGreatBarrierReef,locatedoffthecoastofQueensland,Australia,istheworld'slargestcoralreefsystem,composedofover2,900individualreefsand900islands.Itstretchesforover2,300kilometers(1,400miles)andishometoadiversearrayofmarinelife,includingover1,500speciesoffish,400speciesofcoral,andnumerousotherorganismssuchasturtles,sharks,andwhales.TheGreatBarrierReefisavitalecosystemthatprovidesimportantservicestohumanity,suchassupportingcommercialfisheries,protectingcoastlinesfromstormsurges,andcontributingtothetourismindustry.However,thereefisfacingsignificantthreatsfromhumanactivitieslikeclimatechange,pollution,andoverfishing.Ifwewanttoensurethelong-termhealthoftheGreatBarrierReef,itiscrucialthatwetakeimmediateanddecisiveactiontoprotectandconserveit.(1).WhatistheGreatBarrierReefaccordingtothepassage?A.Theworld'ssmallestcoralreefsystemB.Theworld'slargestcoralreefsystemC.AsmallislandoffthecoastofQueensland,AustraliaD.AsmallreefoffthecoastofQueensland,Australia(2).HowmanyindividualreefsandislandsarethereintheGreatBarrierReefmentionedinthepassage?A.Over2,900individualreefsand900islandsB.Over1,500individualreefsand400islandsC.Over900individualreefsand2,300islandsD.Over2,300individualreefsand1,500islands(3).Accordingtothepassage,whataresomeofthethreatstotheGreatBarrierReef?A.Climatechange,pollution,andoverfishingB.Earthquakes,hurricanes,andtsunamisC.Wildfires,droughts,andfloodsD.Asteroidimpacts,volcaniceruptions,andnuclearwar四、完形填空要求：下面有一篇文章，文章中有十個(gè)空格，每個(gè)空格需要填入一個(gè)單詞。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)上下文，填寫最合適的單詞，使文章意思通順，語法正確。注意，每個(gè)空格只填一個(gè)單詞，并且有些空格可能需要填寫相對(duì)復(fù)雜的詞，比如動(dòng)詞的過去式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞，或者名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式等。Thehumanbrainisaremarkableorganthatcontrolsmostoftheactivitiesofourbody.Itprocesses,integrates,andcoordinatestheinformationitreceivesfromthesenseorgans.Thebrainiscontainedintheskullbonesoftheheadandweighsabout3pounds.Thebraincanbedividedintothreemainparts:thecerebrum,thecerebellum,andthebrainstem.Thecerebrumisthelargestpartofthebrainandisresponsibleforhighercognitivefunctionssuchasthought,memory,andlanguage.Thecerebellum,locatedatthebackofthebrain,coordinatesvoluntarymovementssuchaswalkingandpickingupobjects.Thebrainstem,whichconnectsthebraintothespinalcord,controlsbasiclifefunctionssuchasbreathingandheartrate.Eachpartofthebrainworkstogethertoensurethatourbodiesfunctionproperly.1.Thehumanbrainisa______organthatcontrolsmostoftheactivitiesofourbody.2.Itprocesses,integrates,andcoordinatestheinformationitreceivesfromthesense______.3.Thebrainiscontainedintheskullbonesoftheheadandweighsabout3______.4.Thebraincanbedividedintothreemainparts:thecerebrum,thecerebellum,andthe______.5.Thecerebrumisthelargestpartofthebrainandisresponsibleforhighercognitivefunctionssuchasthought,memory,and______.6.Thecerebellum,locatedatthebackofthebrain,coordinatesvoluntarymovementssuchaswalkingandpickingup______.7.Thebrainstem,whichconnectsthebraintothespinalcord,controlsbasiclifefunctionssuchasbreathingand______rate.8.Eachpartofthebrainworkstogethertoensurethatourbodies______properly.9.Thecerebellum,locatedatthebackofthebrain,coordinatesvoluntarymovementssuchaswalkingandpickingup______.10.Thebrainstem,whichconnectsthebraintothespinalcord,controlsbasiclifefunctionssuchasbreathingand______rate.本次試卷答案如下一、詞匯選擇1.C解析：根據(jù)上下文，“fundamentallyalteredthewaywecommunicate”意思是“從根本上改變了我們的交流方式”，所以需要用一個(gè)表示程度深的副詞。significantly“顯著地”符合語境，而superficially“表面地”、gradually“逐漸地”、intentionally“故意地”都不合適。2.B解析：“increasinglythreatenedbyhumanactivities”意思是“越來越多地受到人類活動(dòng)的影響”，所以需要用一個(gè)表示逐漸增強(qiáng)的副詞。progressively“逐漸地”符合語境，而reluctantly“不情愿地”、minimally“最小限度地”、steadily“穩(wěn)定地”都不合適。3.C解析：“aremarkableorgan”意思是“一個(gè)非凡的器官”，所以需要用一個(gè)表示程度高的形容詞。extraordinary“非凡的”符合語境，而ordinary“普通的”、average“普通的”、superior“更優(yōu)秀的”都不合適。4.C解析：“atestamenttotheincrediblecreativityanddiversity”意思是“對(duì)非凡的創(chuàng)造力和多樣性的證明”，所以需要用一個(gè)表示證據(jù)或證明的名詞。testament“證明”符合語境，而contradiction“矛盾”、compilation“匯編”、transformation“轉(zhuǎn)變”都不合適。5.B解析：“oneofthemostpressingissues”意思是“最緊迫的問題之一”，所以需要用一個(gè)表示緊急的形容詞。urgent“緊迫的”符合語境，而trivial“瑣碎的”、remote“遙遠(yuǎn)的”、hypothetical“假設(shè)的”都不合適。二、語法填空1.1.altered2.industries3.revolutionized4.jobs5.indeed6.conditions7.continues解析：第一題，根據(jù)上下文，“TheIndustrialRevolution...markedaprofoundshift”，這里需要?jiǎng)釉~的過去式，altered“改變”符合語境。第二題，“transformedagriculture,manufacturing,mining,and...”，這里需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，industries“工業(yè)”符合語境。第三題，“introductionofnewinventions...revolutionizedproductionmethods”，這里需要?jiǎng)釉~的過去式，revolutionized“使革命化”符合語境。第四題，“peoplemovedfromruralareastocitiesinsearchof...”，這里需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，jobs“工作”符合語境。第五題，“TheIndustrialRevolutionhadbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonsociety.Ontheonehand,itledtoeconomicgrowthandimprovedlivingstandardsformany”,indeed“確實(shí)”符合語境。第六題，“italsoresultedinpoorworkingconditions,childlabor,and...”，這里需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，conditions“條件”符合語境。第七題，“Despitethesechallenges,theIndustrialRevolutionlaidthefoundationformodernindustrialsocietyand...toshapeourworldtoday”,continues“繼續(xù)”符合語境。2.1.has2.advanced3.transformed4.opportunities5.indeed6.challenges7.persists解析：第一題，“TheIndustrialRevolution,whichbeganinthelate18thcenturyinBritain,markedaprofoundshiftinhumanhistory”，這里需要?jiǎng)釉~的現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，has“已經(jīng)”符合語境。第二題，“Itwasaperiodofmajortechnologicaladvancementsthattransformed...”，這里需要形容詞的比較級(jí)，advanced“先進(jìn)的”符合語境。第三題，“Theintroductionofnewinventions...revolutionizedproductionmethods”，這里需要?jiǎng)釉~的過去式，transformed“使轉(zhuǎn)化”符合語境。第四題，“Thisperiodalsosawsignificanturbanizationaspeoplemovedfromruralareastocitiesinsearchof...”，這里需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，opportunities“機(jī)會(huì)”符合語境。第五題，“TheIndustrialRevolutionhadbothpositiveandnegativeimpactsonsociety.Ontheonehand,itledtoeconomicgrowthandimprovedlivingstandardsformany”,indeed“確實(shí)”符合語境。第六題，“Ontheotherhand,italsoresultedinpoorworkingconditions,childlabor,and...”，這里需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，challenges“挑戰(zhàn)”符合語境。第七題，“Despitethesechallenges,theIndustrialRevolutionlaidthefoundationformodernindustrialsocietyand...toshapeourworldtoday”,persists“繼續(xù)存在”符合語境。3.1.controls2.encased3.kilograms4.divisions5.language6.objects7.breathing8.function解析：第一題，“Thehumanbrainisacomplexorganthatcontrolsmostoftheactivitiesofourbody”，這里需要?jiǎng)釉~的原形，controls“控制”符合語境。第二題，“Thebrainiscontainedin,andprotectedby,theskullbonesofthehead”，這里需要?jiǎng)釉~的過去分詞，encased“被包裹在”符合語境。第三題，“Theadulthumanbrainweighsabout3pounds(1.4...”，這里需要名詞，kilograms“千克”符合語境。第四題，“Thebraincanbedividedintothreemainparts:thecerebrum,thecerebellum,andthe...”，這里需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，divisions“部分”符合語境。第五題，“Thecerebrumisthelargestpartofthebrainandisresponsibleforhighercognitivefunctionssuchasthought,memory,and...”，這里需要名詞，language“語言”符合語境。第六題，“Thecerebellum,locatedatthebackofthebrain,coordinatesvoluntarymovementssuchaswalkingandpickingup...”，這里需要名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，objects“物體”符合語境。第七題，“Thebrainstem,whichconnectsthebraintothespinalcord,controlsbasiclifefunctionssuchasbreathing