2025年全國英語等級考試（PETS）四級試卷：生物制藥行業(yè)英語閱讀理解考試時間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______一、單項選擇要求：仔細(xì)閱讀每道題后面的句子，根據(jù)句子內(nèi)容和所學(xué)的生物制藥行業(yè)英語知識，選擇最恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢?。每題只有一個正確答案，多選、錯選、漏選均不得分。1.Theprocessofdevelopinganewdruginvolvesseveralkeystages,includingresearch,clinicaltrials,andregulatoryapproval.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepurposeofclinicaltrials?A.TomanufacturethedruginlargequantitiesB.TodeterminethesafetyandeffectivenessofthedrugonhumansubjectsC.TomarketthedrugtopotentialcustomersD.Toconductbasicresearchonthedrug'schemicalproperties2.GoodManufacturingPractices(GMP)areessentialinthepharmaceuticalindustrytoensurethequalityandconsistencyofdrugproducts.WhatisaprimarygoalofGMPregulations?A.TominimizethecostofdrugproductionB.ToensurethatdrugsaresafeandeffectiveforpatientsC.TomaximizetheprofitmarginsforpharmaceuticalcompaniesD.Toreducethenumberofemployeesinthemanufacturingprocess3.Biotechnologyplaysacrucialroleinthedevelopmentofmodernpharmaceuticals.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofabiotechnologicalapplicationindrugdevelopment?A.TheuseofchemicalsynthesistocreatenewdrugmoleculesB.ThecultivationofmicroorganismstoproduceantibioticsC.TheapplicationofgeneticengineeringtomodifydrugdeliverysystemsD.Theuseoftraditionalherbalremediesasasourceofnewdrugs4.TheFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)isaregulatoryagencyresponsibleforoverseeingthesafetyandefficacyofdrugsintheUnitedStates.WhatisoneofthemainfunctionsoftheFDA?A.Toapprovenewdrugformulationsforover-the-countersalesB.ToconductclinicaltrialsonbehalfofpharmaceuticalcompaniesC.ToregulatetheadvertisingandpromotionofpharmaceuticalproductsD.Tomonitorthepost-marketsurveillanceofapproveddrugs5.Pharmaceuticalcompaniesofteninvestheavilyinresearchanddevelopment(R&D)tocreateinnovativedrugs.WhatisakeybenefitofR&Dinthepharmaceuticalindustry?A.ToreducethecompetitionfromgenericdrugmanufacturersB.TodevelopnewtreatmentsforunmetmedicalneedsC.TolowerthecostofdrugproductionD.Toincreasethenumberofpatentsheldbythecompany6.Drugpatentsareaformofintellectualpropertyprotectionthatallowspharmaceuticalcompaniestoexclusiverightstoselladrugforacertainperiod.Whatisaprimarypurposeofdrugpatents?A.ToencourageinnovationindrugdevelopmentB.ToensurethatdrugsareaffordableforallpatientsC.ToreducethecostofdrugproductionD.Topreventgenericdrugcompaniesfromenteringthemarket7.Theconceptof"blockbusterdrugs"referstomedicationsthatgeneratesignificantrevenueforpharmaceuticalcompanies.Whatisacharacteristicofblockbusterdrugs?A.TheyareonlyavailablebyprescriptionB.TheyaremanufacturedinsmallquantitiesC.TheytreatrareanduncommonmedicalconditionsD.Theyarehighlyprofitableandwidelyprescribed8.Pharmaceuticalsupplychainmanagementinvolvesthecoordinationofvariousactivitiestoensurethetimelydeliveryofdrugstopatients.Whatisakeychallengeinpharmaceuticalsupplychainmanagement?A.EnsuringthequalityandconsistencyofdrugproductsB.MinimizingthecostofdrugtransportationC.ManagingtheinventoryofrawmaterialsandfinishedproductsD.Reducingthenumberofregulatoryhurdlesfordrugapproval9.Thepharmaceuticalindustryfacesnumerousethicalchallenges,includingissuesrelatedtodrugpricingandaccess.Whatisamajorethicalconcerninthepharmaceuticalindustry?A.ThehighcostofdrugsmakestheminaccessibletomanypatientsB.PharmaceuticalcompaniesengageinaggressivemarketingpracticesC.ThelengthyandexpensiveprocessofdrugdevelopmentD.Thelimitednumberofdrugsavailablefortreatingchronicdiseases10.Personalizedmedicineisanemergingfieldinpharmaceuticalsthatinvolvestailoringtreatmentstoindividualpatientsbasedontheirgeneticmakeup.Whatisakeyadvantageofpersonalizedmedicine?A.ItreducestheoverallcostofhealthcareB.ItimprovestheeffectivenessoftreatmentsforindividualpatientsC.ItsimplifiestheregulatoryapprovalprocessfornewdrugsD.Itincreasesthedemandforgenericdrugs二、閱讀理解要求：閱讀下面的短文，然后根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。每題后面都有四個選項，請選擇最佳答案。TheImportanceofBiotechnologyinModernMedicineBiotechnologyhasrevolutionizedthefieldofmodernmedicine,offeringnewtreatmentsandtherapiesforawiderangeofdiseases.Oneofthemostsignificantcontributionsofbiotechnologyisthedevelopmentofbiopharmaceuticals,whicharedrugsproducedusingbiotechnologicalmethods.Thesedrugsincludemonoclonalantibodies,recombinantproteins,andgenetherapies.Biopharmaceuticalshaveshowngreatpromiseintreatingconditionssuchascancer,autoimmunediseases,andgeneticdisorders.Anotherimportantapplicationofbiotechnologyinmedicineistheuseofdiagnostictools.Biotechnologicaladvancementshaveledtothedevelopmentofhighlysensitiveandspecificdiagnostictests,enablingearlydetectionandaccuratediagnosisofdiseases.Forexample,PCR(polymerasechainreaction)technologyhasrevolutionizedthefieldofmoleculardiagnostics,allowingforthedetectionofinfectiousagentswithhighprecision.Inadditiontotreatmentanddiagnosis,biotechnologyhasalsoplayedacrucialroleindrugdiscoveryanddevelopment.Traditionaldrugdiscoverymethodsoftenrelyonempiricalscreeningoflargelibrariesofcompounds,whichcanbetime-consumingandinefficient.Biotechnologicalapproaches,suchashigh-throughputscreeningandcomputationaldrugdesign,havesignificantlyacceleratedthedrugdiscoveryprocess,leadingtothedevelopmentofnewdrugswithimprovedefficacyandsafety.Furthermore,biotechnologyhasenabledthedevelopmentofpersonalizedmedicine,whichinvolvestailoringtreatmentstoindividualpatientsbasedontheirgeneticmakeup.Byanalyzingapatient'sDNA,researcherscanidentifygeneticvariationsthatmayinfluencetheirresponsetocertaindrugs.Thisinformationcanbeusedtodeveloppersonalizedtreatmentplans,optimizingthechoiceofdrugsanddosagesforeachpatient.Personalizedmedicinehasthepotentialtoimprovetreatmentoutcomesandreducetheriskofadversedrugreactions.Despitethenumerousbenefitsofbiotechnologyinmedicine,therearealsochallengesandethicalconsiderations.Thehighcostofbiopharmaceuticalsandthecomplexityofbiotechnologicalprocessescanmakethesetreatmentsexpensiveandinaccessibletomanypatients.Additionally,thereareconcernsaboutthelong-termsafetyandefficacyofsomebiotechnologicaltherapies,particularlygenetherapies.RegulatoryagenciessuchastheFDAplayacrucialroleinensuringthesafetyandeffectivenessofbiopharmaceuticalsandbiotechnologicaltreatments.Inconclusion,biotechnologyhashadaprofoundimpactonmodernmedicine,offeringnewtreatments,diagnostictools,andapproachestodrugdiscoveryanddevelopment.Thedevelopmentofbiopharmaceuticals,advancementsindiagnostictechnologies,andtheriseofpersonalizedmedicinehavetransformedthewaywetreatandpreventdiseases.However,challengessuchascost,safety,andethicalconsiderationsneedtobeaddressedtofullyrealizethepotentialofbiotechnologyinimprovinghumanhealth.Basedonthepassage,answerthefollowingquestions:11.Whatisthemaincontributionofbiotechnologytomodernmedicine?A.ThedevelopmentofnewdiagnostictoolsB.TheproductionofbiopharmaceuticalsC.TheadvancementofpersonalizedmedicineD.Theimprovementoftraditionaldrugdiscoverymethods12.HowhasPCRtechnologyrevolutionizedthefieldofmoleculardiagnostics?A.IthasenabledthedetectionofinfectiousagentswithhighprecisionB.IthasreducedthecostofdiagnostictestsC.IthassimplifiedtheprocessofdrugdevelopmentD.Ithasimprovedtheaccuracyofclinicaltrials13.Whatistheprimaryadvantageofpersonalizedmedicine?A.ItreducestheoverallcostofhealthcareB.IttailorstreatmentstoindividualpatientsbasedontheirgeneticmakeupC.ItsimplifiestheregulatoryapprovalprocessfornewdrugsD.Itincreasesthedemandforgenericdrugs14.Whataresomeofthechallengesassociatedwithbiotechnologyinmedicine?A.ThehighcostofbiopharmaceuticalsandthecomplexityofbiotechnologicalprocessesB.ThelimitednumberofdiseasesthatcanbetreatedwithbiotechnologicaltherapiesC.ThelackofregulatoryoversightforbiopharmaceuticalsD.Theshort-termsafetyconcernsofbiotechnologicaltreatments15.Whatroledoregulatoryagenciesplayinthefieldofbiotechnology?A.TheyensurethesafetyandeffectivenessofbiopharmaceuticalsandbiotechnologicaltreatmentsB.TheydevelopnewdiagnostictoolsfordetectingdiseasesC.TheyoverseethemarketingandpromotionofbiopharmaceuticalsD.Theyconductclinicaltrialsonbehalfofpharmaceuticalcompanies三、完形填空要求：閱讀下面的短文，其中有十處空白，每處空白有四個選項。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案填入空白處，使短文意思完整、通順。Thepharmaceuticalindustryisacomplexanddynamicsectorthatplaysacriticalroleinhealthcaredeliveryworldwide.Itinvolvestheresearch,development,production,anddistributionofmedicationsthattreatavarietyofmedicalconditions.Oneofthemostfascinatingaspectsofthepharmaceuticalindustryistheprocessofdrugdiscoveryanddevelopment,whichrequiresamultidisciplinaryapproachandoftenspansmanyyears.Thefirststepindrugdiscoveryistheidentificationofabiologicaltarget,suchasaspecificenzymeorreceptorthatisinvolvedinadiseaseprocess.Onceatargetisidentified,researchersbegintheprocessofscreeninglargelibrariesofcompoundstofindonethatcaninteractwiththetargetandmodulateitsactivity.Thisinitialscreeningphaseofteninvolveshigh-throughputscreening(HTS)technologies,whichallowfortherapidtestingofthousandsofcompoundsagainstthetarget.Ifacompoundshowspromiseininitialscreening,itmovesontothenextphaseofdevelopment,whichincludesinvitroandinvivotesting.Invitrotestsareconductedincontrolledlaboratorysettingstoevaluatethecompound'sactivity,toxicity,andpharmacokineticproperties.Invivotests,ontheotherhand,areconductedinanimalmodelstoassessthecompound'sefficacyandsafetyinamorecomplexbiologicalenvironment.Afterpassingthroughtheseinitialstages,themostpromisingcompoundsenterclinicaltrials,whichareconductedinhumans.Clinicaltrialsaretypicallydividedintoseveralphases,eachdesignedtoanswerspecificquestionsaboutthedrug'ssafetyandeffectiveness.PhaseItrialsinvolveasmallnumberofhealthyvolunteerstoassessthedrug'ssafety,dosagerange,andsideeffects.PhaseIItrialsinvolvealargergroupofpatientswiththediseasetoevaluatethedrug'sefficacyandtoidentifyanyadditionalsideeffects.PhaseIIItrialsarelargerandmorecomprehensive,involvingthousandsofpatientsandoftencomparingthenewdrugtoexistingtreatments.Thesetrialsprovidethemostrobustevidenceofadrug'seffectivenessandsafety,andifsuccessful,theycanleadtoregulatoryapproval.RegulatoryagenciessuchastheFDAandEMAreviewthedatafromclinicaltrialsanddecidewhethertoapprovethedrugformarketuse.Onceadrugisapproved,itentersthemarket,andthepharmaceuticalcompanyworksonmanufacturinganddistributingittohealthcareproviders.However,theprocessdoesnotendthere.Post-marketsurveillanceiscrucialtomonitorthedrug'slong-termsafetyandeffectiveness,andanynewinformationorissuesthatarisecanleadtochangesinthedrug'slabelingorevenwithdrawalfromthemarket.Thepharmaceuticalindustryisalsoincreasinglyfocusingoninnovationandtechnologicaladvancementstoimprovedrugdevelopment.Biotechnology,forexample,hasopenedupnewavenuesfordrugdiscovery,particularlyintheareasofbiologicsandgenetherapy.Additionally,theuseofartificialintelligenceandmachinelearningisbecomingmoreprevalentindrugdevelopment,helpingtoidentifypotentialdrugcandidatesandpredicttheirefficacyandsafety.Despitetheadvancements,thepharmaceuticalindustryfacesseveralchallenges,includinghighcosts,regulatoryhurdles,andtheneedforcontinuousinnovation.Thecostofdrugdevelopmentcanbeenormous,andnotalldrugsthatenterclinicaltrialsmakeittomarket.Regulatoryagencieshavestrictrequirementsthatmustbemet,andtheprocesscanbelengthyandexpensive.Moreover,therapidpaceofscientificdiscoveryrequirespharmaceuticalcompaniestostayaheadofthecurve,constantlyinvestinginresearchanddevelopmenttostaycompetitive.Inconclusion,thepharmaceuticalindustryisavitalcomponentofmodernhealthcare,andtheprocessofdrugdiscoveryanddevelopmentisacomplexandchallengingendeavor.Itrequiresacombinationofscientificexpertise,technologicalinnovation,andregulatoryoversighttobringnewtreatmentstopatientsinneed.Astheindustrycontinuestoevolve,itwillbeimportanttoaddressthechallengesitfacesandtofindwaystomakedrugdevelopmentmoreefficientandaccessible.16.Whatistheprimarygoaloftheinitialscreeningphaseindrugdiscovery?A.ToidentifyabiologicaltargetforadiseaseB.ToscreenlargelibrariesofcompoundsforpotentialdrugcandidatesC.ToconductinvitroandinvivotestingofcompoundsD.Toevaluatethecompound'stoxicityandpharmacokineticproperties17.WhatisthemainpurposeofPhaseIclinicaltrials?A.Toassessthedrug'sefficacyinalargergroupofpatientsB.Toevaluatethedrug'ssafety,dosagerange,andsideeffectsinhealthyvolunteersC.TocomparethenewdrugtoexistingtreatmentsD.Tomonitorthedrug'slong-termsafetyandeffectiveness18.Whatroledoregulatoryagenciesplayinthedrugapprovalprocess?A.TheyconductclinicaltrialsonbehalfofpharmaceuticalcompaniesB.TheydevelopnewdiagnostictoolsfordetectingdiseasesC.TheyreviewthedatafromclinicaltrialsanddecidewhethertoapprovethedrugD.Theyoverseethemarketingandpromotionofbiopharmaceuticals19.Whyispost-marketsurveillanceimportantforapproveddrugs?A.Tomonitorthedrug'slong-termsafetyandeffectivenessB.ToidentifyanynewdiseasesthatcanbetreatedwiththedrugC.ToimprovethemanufacturingprocessofthedrugD.Toincreasethesalesofthedruginthemarket20.Whatisoneofthechallengesfacedbythepharmaceuticalindustry?A.ThehighcostofdrugdevelopmentandregulatoryhurdlesB.ThelackofinnovationindrugdiscoverytechnologiesC.ThelimitednumberofdiseasesthatcanbetreatedwithbiopharmaceuticalsD.Theshort-termsafetyconcernsofbiopharmaceuticaltreatments21.Howisbiotechnologycontributingtothepharmaceuticalindustry?A.ByreducingthecostofdrugproductionB.Byopeningupnewavenuesfordrugdiscovery,particularlyinbiologicsandgenetherapyC.BysimplifyingtheregulatoryapprovalprocessfornewdrugsD.Byincreasingthedemandforgenericdrugs22.Whatistheroleofartificialintelligenceindrugdevelopment?A.ToconductclinicaltrialsonbehalfofpharmaceuticalcompaniesB.ToidentifypotentialdrugcandidatesandpredicttheirefficacyandsafetyC.TodevelopnewdiagnostictoolsfordetectingdiseasesD.Tooverseethemarketingandpromotionofbiopharmaceuticals23.Whatisthesignificanceofcontinuousinnovationinthepharmaceuticalindustry?A.ItreducesthecompetitionfromgenericdrugmanufacturersB.IthelpspharmaceuticalcompaniesstayaheadofthecurveandmaintaincompetitivenessC.ItlowersthecostofdrugproductionD.Itincreasesthenumberofpatentsheldbythecompany24.Whyisthepharmaceuticalindustryconsideredcomplexanddynamic?A.Itinvolvestheresearch,development,production,anddistributionofmedicationsB.ItrequiresamultidisciplinaryapproachandspansmanyyearsC.Itfacesnumerouschallenges,includinghighcostsandregulatoryhurdlesD.Itisconstantlyevolvingduetoscientificadvancementsandtechnologicalinnovations25.Whatisthemainfocusofthepharmaceuticalindustryinmodernhealthcare?A.TotreatrareanduncommonmedicalconditionsB.ToprovideaffordablemedicationsforallpatientsC.TodevelopinnovativetreatmentsandtherapiesforavarietyofmedicalconditionsD.Tosimplifytheprocessofdrugdevelopment四、翻譯要求：將下面的短文翻譯成中文，注意保持原文的意思和語氣。Thebiopharmaceuticalindustryisarapidlygrowingsectorthatplaysacrucialroleinthedevelopmentandproductionofinnovativemedicines.Thesecompaniesinvestheavilyinresearchanddevelopmenttodiscovernewdrugsandtherapiesthatcanimprovepatientoutcomes.Biopharmaceuticals,whichincludedrugslikemonoclonalantibodiesandgenetherapies,haverevolutionizedthetreatmentofmanydiseases,includingcancer,autoimmunedisorders,andgeneticconditions.Theindustryisalsoincreasinglyfocusingonpersonalizedmedicine,whichinvolvestailoringtreatmentstoindividualpatientsbasedontheirgeneticmakeup.Thisapproachhasthepotentialtosignificantlyimprovetheeffectivenessoftreatmentsandreducetheriskofadversereactions.However,thehighcostofbiopharmaceuticalsandthecomplexregulatoryenvironmentposesignificantchallengesforboththeindustryandpatients.RegulatoryagenciesliketheFDAandEMAplayacriticalroleinensuringthesafetyandefficacyofthesedrugs,buttheapprovalprocesscanbelengthyandexpensive.Additionally,theindustryfaceschallengesinmanufacturinganddistributingbiopharmaceuticals,whichoftenrequ