2025年考研英語(yǔ)（一）閱讀理解閱讀理解能力提高試卷模擬測(cè)試考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______PartIReadingComprehension(40points)Questions1-7arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Theriseofthedigitaleconomyhastransformedmanyaspectsofmodernlife,andeducationisnoexception.Traditionalmodelsofinstruction,oftenreliantonin-personinteractionandstandardizedcurricula,arebeingchallengedbyinnovativedigitalapproaches.Proponentsarguethatthesenewmethodsoffergreaterflexibility,personalizedlearningexperiences,andaccesstoawealthofonlineresources.However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutthepotentialforincreasedinequality,theerosionofsocialskills,andthequalityofonlineinstruction.Oneofthemostsignificantadvantagesofdigitaleducationisitsflexibility.Studentscanaccesslearningmaterialsanytime,anywhere,allowingthemtofiteducationintotheirexistingschedules.Thisisparticularlybeneficialforthosewhoworkfull-timeorhaveothercommitments.Additionally,digitalplatformscancatertoindividuallearningstylesandpaces.Adaptivelearningsoftware,forinstance,canadjustthedifficultylevelofexercisesbasedonastudent'sperformance,ensuringthattheyareneitheroverwhelmednorbored.Theinternetalsoprovidesavastarrayofresources,fromonlinecoursesandtutorialstointeractivesimulationsandvirtuallabs.Theseresourcescansupplementtraditionalinstructionandofferstudentsadeeperunderstandingofcomplexconcepts.Despitethesepotentialbenefits,therearevalidconcernsabouttheimpactofdigitaleducationonsocialinteraction.In-personlearningenvironmentsprovideopportunitiesforstudentstocollaborate,communicate,andbuildrelationshipswiththeirpeersandteachers.Onlinelearning,byitsnature,canbemoreisolating,potentiallyleadingtoadeclineinsocialskills.Therearealsoworriesaboutthequalityofonlineinstruction.Whilesomeonlinecoursesarewell-designedandengaging,othersmaylacktherigorandinteractionoftraditionalclasses.Additionally,thedigitaldivideremainsasignificantchallenge,asnotallstudentshaveequalaccesstothetechnologyandinternetconnectivityneededtoparticipatefullyindigitaleducation.Thefutureofeducationwilllikelyinvolveablendoftraditionalanddigitalmethods.Thekeyistoleveragethestrengthsofeachapproachwhilemitigatingtheweaknesses.Thismightinvolveusingdigitaltoolstoenhancetraditionalinstruction,creatinghybridlearningmodelsthatcombineonlineandin-personcomponents,andensuringthatallstudentshaveaccesstoqualitydigitaleducationresources.Asthedigitaleconomycontinuestoevolve,itiscrucialthatweadaptoureducationalsystemstomeettheneedsofthefutureworkforceandpreparestudentsforthechallengesandopportunitiesofthe21stcentury.1.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneadvantageofdigitaleducation?3.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthepotentialdrawbacksofdigitaleducation?4.Theword"transformed"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:5.Theword"erosion"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:6.Whatdoestheauthorimplyaboutadaptivelearningsoftware?7.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinthepassage?Questions8-12arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Urbanizationhasbeenoneofthemostsignificantdemographicshiftsofthepastcentury.Aspopulationsmovefromruralareastocities,theybringwiththemnewchallengesandopportunities.Citiesarehubsofeconomicactivity,innovation,andculturalexchange,attractingpeopleinsearchofbetterlivelihoodsandahigherqualityoflife.However,rapidurbanizationcanalsoleadtoproblemssuchastrafficcongestion,pollution,andinadequatehousing.Oneoftheprimarydriversofurbanizationiseconomicopportunity.Citiesofferawiderrangeofjobopportunities,higherwages,andbetteraccesstoeducationandhealthcare.Thisisparticularlytrueindevelopingcountries,whereurbanareasareoftencentersofeconomicgrowth.Theconcentrationofbusinessesandindustriesincitiescreatesadynamicenvironmentwhereideasareexchangedandnewopportunitiesarise.Additionally,citiesareoftenmorediversethanruralareas,offeringexposuretodifferentcultures,lifestyles,andperspectives.Despitetheadvantages,urbanizationalsopresentssignificantchallenges.Oneofthemostpressingissuesisthestrainoninfrastructure.Ascitiesgrow,theyrequiremoreroads,housing,andpublicservices.Iftheseinfrastructureneedsarenotmet,itcanleadtotrafficcongestion,pollution,andadeclineintheoverallqualityoflife.Anotherchallengeisthepotentialforsocialinequality.Whilecitiesoffermoreopportunities,theycanalsoexacerbatethegapbetweentherichandthepoor.Thiscanleadtothecreationofslumsandothermarginalizedcommunitieswithinurbanareas.Tomanagethechallengesofurbanization,citiesneedtofocusonsustainabledevelopment.Thisinvolvesplanningforgrowthinawaythatminimizesnegativeimpactsontheenvironmentandpromotessocialequity.Strategiessuchasbuildingpublictransportationsystems,promotinggreenspaces,andprovidingaffordablehousingcanhelpmakecitiesmorelivableandsustainable.Additionally,itiscrucialtoinvestineducationandjobtrainingprogramstoensurethaturbanresidentshavetheskillsneededtoparticipateintheeconomy.8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?9.Accordingtothepassage,whatisonereasonwhypeoplemovetocities?10.Theword"pressing"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:11.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestabouttherelationshipbetweenurbanizationandsocialinequality?12.Theword"exacerbate"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:Questions13-18arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thehumanbrainisacomplexandfascinatingorgan,capableofperforminganincrediblenumberoftaskssimultaneously.Whilemuchisknownaboutitsstructureandfunction,thereisstillmuchtolearnabouthowitworks.Oneareaofongoingresearchisthestudyofneuroplasticity,thebrain'sabilitytochangeandadaptthroughoutaperson'slife.Neuroplasticityisparticularlyevidentduringchildhoodandadolescence,whenthebrainis經(jīng)歷significantdevelopment.Newneuronsareconstantlybeingcreated,andexistingneuronsareformingnewconnections.Thisprocessallowschildrenandadolescentstolearnnewskills,adapttonewenvironments,andrecoverfrominjuries.However,neuroplasticitydoesnotstopafteradolescence.Thebraincontinuestochangeandadaptinresponsetonewexperiences,learning,andevenstress.Oneofthemostexcitingapplicationsofneuroplasticityresearchisinthefieldofbrainrehabilitation.Scientistsaredevelopingtechniquestopromotetheformationofnewneuralconnectionsindamagedbrains.Thisapproachhasshownpromiseinthetreatmentofstrokevictims,traumaticbraininjurypatients,andindividualswithneurologicaldisorderssuchasParkinson'sdisease.Byunderstandinghowthebraincanreorganizeitself,researchershopetodevelopmoreeffectivetreatmentsforawiderangeofneurologicalconditions.Inadditiontoitsimplicationsforbrainrehabilitation,neuroplasticityresearchalsohasimportantimplicationsforeducationandlearning.Thefindingssuggestthatthebrainishighlyadaptableandcanbetrainedtoperformspecifictasksmoreefficiently.Thishasledtothedevelopmentofnewteachingmethodsandlearningstrategiesthataredesignedtotakeadvantageofthebrain'splasticity.Forexample,brain-trainingexercisesarebeingusedtoimprovecognitiveskillssuchasmemory,attention,andproblem-solving.13.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?14.Accordingtothepassage,whatisneuroplasticity?15.Theword"fascinates"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:16.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutthetreatmentofstrokevictims?17.Theword"rehabilitation"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:18.Whatisoneimplicationofneuroplasticityresearchforeducation?Questions19-20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Theglobalclimatecrisisisoneofthemostsignificantchallengesfacinghumanitytoday.Risingtemperatures,meltingicecaps,andextremeweathereventsarecausingwidespreaddamageandthreateningthesurvivalofmanyspecies.Theprimarycauseofthiscrisisistheburningoffossilfuels,whichreleaseslargeamountsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.Thesegreenhousegasestrapheatfromthesun,causingtheEarth'saveragetemperaturetorise.Thisphenomenon,knownasglobalwarming,hasfar-reachingconsequences,includingmorefrequentandsevereheatwaves,droughts,andfloods.Meltingicecapsandglacierscontributetorisingsealevels,whichposeathreattocoastalcommunitiesandlow-lyingareas.Additionally,changesintheclimatecandisruptecosystemsandleadtotheextinctionofvulnerablespecies.Addressingtheclimatecrisisrequiresaconcertedeffortfromallcountriesaroundtheworld.Thefirststepistoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Thiscanbeachievedbytransitioningtorenewableenergysourcessuchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower.Governmentsalsoneedtoimplementpoliciesthatencourageenergyefficiencyandconservation.Forexample,incentivizingtheuseofenergy-efficientappliancesandpromotingpublictransportationcanhelpreducerelianceonfossilfuels.Inadditiontoreducingemissions,itisalsoessentialtoadapttotheimpactsofclimatechangethatarealreadyunderway.Thisinvolvespreparingforandmitigatingtheeffectsofextremeweatherevents,sea-levelrise,andotherclimate-relatedchallenges.Buildingresilientinfrastructure,developingdrought-resistantcrops,andprotectingvulnerablecommunitiesareallimportantaspectsofclimateadaptation.19.Whatisthemaintopicofthepassage?20.Theword"concerted"inthethirdparagraphisclosestinmeaningto:試卷答案1.D解析：文章首段提出數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)對(duì)教育的影響，并引出傳統(tǒng)教育模式與創(chuàng)新數(shù)字方法的對(duì)比。第二段論述數(shù)字教育的優(yōu)勢(shì)，第三段提出批評(píng)意見(jiàn)。第四段總結(jié)認(rèn)為未來(lái)教育將是傳統(tǒng)與數(shù)字的結(jié)合?？v觀全文，主要圍繞數(shù)字教育及其對(duì)傳統(tǒng)教育的沖擊和未來(lái)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)展開(kāi)，D項(xiàng)“digitaleducationanditsimpactontraditionaleducationmodels”最符合主旨。2.A解析：根據(jù)第二段首句“Proponentsarguethatthesenewmethodsoffergreaterflexibility,personalizedlearningexperiences,andaccesstoawealthofonlineresources.”可知，支持者認(rèn)為這些新方法提供了更大的靈活性。A項(xiàng)“greaterflexibility”與原文信息一致。3.C解析：根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知，批評(píng)者擔(dān)心的問(wèn)題包括“increasedinequality,theerosionofsocialskills,andthequalityofonlineinstruction”。C項(xiàng)“thepotentialforincreasedinequalityandtheerosionofsocialskills”概括了第三段提出的兩個(gè)主要擔(dān)憂。4.transformed解析：根據(jù)上下文，“Theriseofthedigitaleconomyhastransformedmanyaspectsofmodernlife,andeducationisnoexception.”意為“數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的崛起已經(jīng)改變了現(xiàn)代生活的許多方面，教育也不例外?！眛ransformed意為“改變，轉(zhuǎn)變”，與“changed”意思最接近。5.erosion解析：根據(jù)上下文，“However,criticsraiseconcernsaboutthepotentialforincreasedinequality,theerosionofsocialskills,andthequalityofonlineinstruction.”意為“然而，批評(píng)者擔(dān)心加劇不平等、社交技能的侵蝕以及在線教育的質(zhì)量?！眅rosion在此處指“侵蝕，削弱”，與“weakening”意思最接近。6.Itcanadjustthedifficultylevelofexercisesbasedonastudent'sperformance.解析：根據(jù)第二段“Adaptivelearningsoftware,forinstance,canadjustthedifficultylevelofexercisesbasedonastudent'sperformance,ensuringthattheyareneitheroverwhelmednorbored.”可知，自適應(yīng)學(xué)習(xí)軟件可以根據(jù)學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)調(diào)整練習(xí)的難度。7.Theauthor'smainpurposeistodiscusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofdigitaleducationandsuggestabalancedapproachtoitsimplementation.解析：文章首段提出數(shù)字教育對(duì)教育的影響，并引出傳統(tǒng)教育模式與創(chuàng)新數(shù)字方法的對(duì)比。接著分別論述了數(shù)字教育的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)，最后提出未來(lái)教育應(yīng)是傳統(tǒng)與數(shù)字的結(jié)合。作者旨在全面討論數(shù)字教育的利弊，并提出一種平衡的實(shí)施方法。8.B解析：文章首段提出城市化是過(guò)去一個(gè)世紀(jì)最顯著的demographicshifts之一，并指出其帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn)和機(jī)遇。第二段論述人們移居城市的主要原因。第三段討論城市化帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。第四段提出應(yīng)對(duì)城市化的策略。全文圍繞城市化的原因、影響及應(yīng)對(duì)措施展開(kāi)，B項(xiàng)“thecausesandeffectsofurbanization”最符合文章主旨。9.A解析：根據(jù)第二段“Oneoftheprimarydriversofurbanizationiseconomicopportunity.Citiesofferawiderrangeofjobopportunities,higherwages,andbetteraccesstoeducationandhealthcare.”可知，人們移居城市的一個(gè)主要原因是經(jīng)濟(jì)機(jī)會(huì)。A項(xiàng)“economicopportunity”與原文信息一致。10.pressing解析：根據(jù)上下文，“Oneofthemostpressingissuesisthestrainoninfrastructure.”意為“基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的壓力是其中一個(gè)最緊迫的問(wèn)題?！眕ressing在此處指“緊迫的，迫切的”，與“urgent”意思最接近。11.Thepassagesuggeststhaturbanizationcanexacerbatesocialinequalitybycreatingdisparitiesinresourcesandopportunitieswithincities.解析：根據(jù)第四段“Anotherchallengeisthepotentialforsocialinequality.Whilecitiesoffermoreopportunities,theycanalsoexacerbatethegapbetweentherichandthepoor.”可知，城市化可能加劇社會(huì)不平等，因?yàn)槌鞘袃?nèi)部貧富差距可能擴(kuò)大。12.worsen解析：根據(jù)上下文，“However,rapidurbanizationcanalsoleadtoproblemssuchastrafficcongestion,pollution,andinadequatehousing.Anotherchallengeisthepotentialforsocialinequality.Whilecitiesoffermoreopportunities,theycanalsoexacerbatethegapbetweentherichandthepoor.”意為“然而，快速城市化也會(huì)導(dǎo)致問(wèn)題，如交通擁堵、污染和住房不足。另一個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)是社會(huì)不平等的可能性。雖然城市提供了更多機(jī)會(huì)，但它們也可能加劇貧富差距。”exacerbate在此處指“加劇，使惡化”，與“worsen”意思最接近。13.D解析：文章首段提出人腦是一個(gè)復(fù)雜而有趣的器官，并引出神經(jīng)可塑性的研究。第二段論述神經(jīng)可塑性的表現(xiàn)，特別是在兒童和青少年時(shí)期。第三段討論神經(jīng)可塑性在腦康復(fù)中的應(yīng)用。第四段探討神經(jīng)可塑性對(duì)教育和學(xué)習(xí)的影響。縱觀全文，主要圍繞神經(jīng)可塑性及其對(duì)腦康復(fù)和教育的影響展開(kāi)，D項(xiàng)“neuroplasticityanditsimplicationsforbrainrehabilitationandeducation”最符合主旨。14.neuroplasticityisthebrain'sabilitytochangeandadaptthroughoutaperson'slife.解析：根據(jù)第二段“Neuroplasticityisparticularlyevidentduringchildhoodandadolescence,whenthebrainis經(jīng)歷significantdevelopment.Newneuronsareconstantlybeingcreated,andexistingneuronsareformingnewconnections.Thisprocessallowschildrenandadolescentstolearnnewskills,adapttonewenvironments,andrecoverfrominjuries.”可知，神經(jīng)可塑性是大腦在一個(gè)人的一生中不斷變化和適應(yīng)的能力。15.fascinates解析：根據(jù)上下文，“Thehumanbrainisacomplexandfascinatingorgan,capableofperforminganincrediblenumberoftaskssimultaneously.”意為“人腦是一個(gè)復(fù)雜而迷人的器官，能夠同時(shí)執(zhí)行無(wú)數(shù)任務(wù)?！眆ascinates在此處指“使著迷，吸引”，與“intrigues”意思最接近。16.Thepassagesuggeststhatneuroplasticityresearchhasledtothedevelopmentoftechniquestopromotetheformationofnewneuralconnectionsindamagedbrains,whichholdspromiseforthetreatmentofstrokevictims.解析：根據(jù)第三段“Scientistsaredevelopingtechniquestopromotetheformationofnewneuralconnectionsindamagedbrains.Thisapproachhasshownpromiseinthetreatmentofstrokevictims,traumaticbraininjurypatients,andindividualswithneurologicaldisorderssuchasParkinson'sdisease.”可知，神經(jīng)可塑性研究已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致了促進(jìn)