譯林版八年級下冊Unit4語法精講疑問詞+不定式must與haveto目錄01.疑問詞+動詞不定式02.must與haveto03.隨堂練習04.課堂小結疑問詞+動詞不定式PART.01疑問詞+動詞不定式“疑問詞+動詞不定式”作賓語；疑問代詞：what、which、who疑問副詞：when、where、how等eg:what

tobuy

買什么how

togetthere

怎么到達那里whentoleave

什么時候離開......

疑問詞+動詞不定式“疑問詞+動詞不定式”常用于動詞之后eg:advise、forget、tell、ask、know、wonder、decide等eg:Wehaven’tdecide

wheretogofortheholiday?Canyoutellmehowtodealwithit?Iwonder

howmanybookstobuy?

疑問詞+動詞不定式三個例句有何不同：①Wehaven’tdecide

wheretogofortheholiday?動詞+疑問詞+不定式②Canyoutellmehowtodealwithit?動詞+賓語+疑問詞+不定式tell、ask、teach等可接雙賓語的動詞，可用這一結構eg:Iasked

her

whentostartworking,butshedidn’tanswer.Mr.Wangtold

us

whattosayatthemeeting.

疑問詞+動詞不定式三個例句有何不同：③Iwonder

howmanybookstobuy?動詞+疑問詞+名詞+不定式which、whose、howmany、howmuch等可接名詞的疑問詞，可用這一結構eg:Idon’tknow

whichskirttochoose.Momhastold

us

howmuchsugartoaddwhenmakingacake.疑問詞+動詞不定式三個例句有何不同：③Iwonder

howmanybookstobuy?動詞+疑問詞+名詞+不定式which、whose、howmany、howmuch等可接名詞的疑問詞，可用這一結構eg:Idon’tknow

whichskirttochoose.Momhastold

us

howmuchsugartoaddwhenmakingacake.疑問詞+動詞不定式“疑問詞+動詞不定式”也可用于sure、clear等形容詞之后eg:I’mnotsure

whentohaveapicnicwithmyfamily.I’mstillnotclear

howtoworkoutthemathproblem.

疑問詞+動詞不定式賓語從句簡化成疑問詞+不定式轉化eg:①Doyouknowhowweshouldgettothemuseum?Doyouknowhowtogettothemuseum？

②Ninahasdecidedwhichdressshewillbuyforhermun.Ninahasdecidedwhichdresstobuyforhermum.must與havetoPART.02must與haveto情態(tài)動詞must的用法：1）表示肯定猜測，意為“一定、肯定”，后接動詞原形Thisbookmustbemysister’s.HerEnglishnameisonthecover.否定猜測：can’t“不可能”maynot“不一定、可能不”eg：

①—Isthemanoverthereyouruncle?—Itcan’tbehim.HehasgonetotheUK.

“一定不是”

②Janemaynotlikecoffee.Sheusuallydrinksjuice.

“可能不喜歡”

③

Thestudentshadtearsintheireyes.Theymustfellverysadaboutthenews.“一定感到”

must與havetomust與haveto情態(tài)動詞must的用法：2）表示主觀義務或必要，意為“必須”，后接動詞原形，

一般用于肯定句和疑問句eg:Imustworkhardtopasstheexam.

若表示客觀需要，用haveto，意為“不得不”，

后接動詞原形

eg：It’srainy.Wehavetostayathome.

不必要：needn’t/don’thavetomustn’t意為“不準、禁止”eg：①—MustIleavenow?—Yes,youmust.

Oryou’llmissthelastbus.

②—Mustwegivebackthebooksthisweekend?—No,youneedn’t/youdon’thaveto.Icankeepthemonemoreweek.總結：MustI/we....?我/我們必須做某事嗎？

回答Yes,youmust.是的，你必須。

No,youneedn’t/youdon’thaveto.不，你不必要。(don’tneedto也表示“不必要”，但不用于此句型否定回答時)

must與havetomustnot/mustn’t表示不允許，不是must意思上的否定eg：Youmustn’tsmokehere.It’snosmokingarea.

Whymustwenotrideabikehere?mustn’t表示禁止，語氣比can’t“不可以”更強烈。

must與haveto隨堂練習PART.03Unit4Grammar1.—Wouldyoupleasegiveussomegoodadviceabouthow______our

livingenvironment?

—Withpleasure.A．improve B．toimprove C．toimproving D．improving句意：——你能給我們一些改善生活環(huán)境的好建議嗎？——非常樂意。improve“提高，改善”，特殊疑問詞+todo，表示“如何做某事”。故選B。Unit4Grammar2.—Thisphysicsproblemsistoodifficult.Canyoushowme_____?

—Sure.A．howtoworkitout

B．whattoworkoutitC．whattoworkitout

D．howtoworkoutit句意：——這個物理題太難了。你能向我展示怎么解決嗎？——當然。B和C選項中what和it都作workout的賓語，賓語重復，排除BC；workout的賓語如果是代詞，要放在work和out之間，排除D。故選A。Unit4Grammar3.IfIdon’tknow________,IwillwritetoSigmundFriendforhelp.A．whototalk B．whototalkto C．whoIshouldtalk D．whoshouldItalkto句意：如果我不知道該和誰說話，我會寫信給SigmundFriend尋求幫助。talktosb“對某人說話”，who是sb，介詞to不能省略，故AC錯誤；D選項是who引導的賓語從句，語序應該是陳述語序，即主語+謂語（+其它），故D錯誤。故選B。Unit4Grammar4.—Sir,you______useyourmobilephoneatthegasstation.

It’sverydangerous.

—Sorry,Iwon’t.A．mustn’t

B．maynot C．needn’t

D．don’thaveto句意：——先生，你不能在加油站用手機。這很危險?！獙Σ黄穑也粫?。mustn’t絕不；maynot可能不；needn’t不需要；don’thaveto不必。根據(jù)“useyourmobilephoneatthegasstation”可知，此處表示禁止。故選A。Unit4Grammar5.—______Iwashtheclothesatonce?

—No,you______.You______cleantheroomfirst.A．Must;needn’t;may

B．Must;mustn’t;canC．Must;can’t;can

D．Shall;maynot;may句意：——我必須馬上洗衣服嗎？——不，你不必。你可以先打掃房間。must必須；needn’t不必；may可以；mustn’t禁止；can可以；can’t不能；shall將會；maynot可能不。根據(jù)“Iwashtheclothesatonce”可知此處詢問必須現(xiàn)在打掃嗎，用must，排除D，其否定回答用needn’t，排除BC。故選A。Unit4Grammar6.—Ican’twearthemask.It’stoohot.

—Foryourhealth,I’mafraidyou________.

A．may

B．haveto

C．can

D．need句意：——我不能戴口罩。太熱了?！獮榱四愕慕】担峙履惚仨氝@么做?？疾榍閼B(tài)動詞辨析。may可能；haveto不得不；can可以；need需要。根據(jù)“Foryourhealth”可知，因為健康，不得不戴口罩；故選B。課堂小結PART.04Unit4Grammar1.情態(tài)動詞must與haveto的用法2.掌握疑問詞+不定式的用法課后作業(yè)：情態(tài)動詞、不定式練習（附課后作業(yè)word文檔）課后作業(yè)講解PART.05Unit4Grammar1.Thenewstudentdoesn’tknowwho________herfavoritebooks.A．totalkto B．totalkabout C．totalktoabout D．totalkaboutto2.lsahasfewfriendssoshereallydon’tknow_______aboutherworries.A．whototalk B．wheretotalkto C．howtotalk D．whototalktowhototalktoaboutherfavouritebooksUnit4Grammar3.—Daniel,doyouknow________therubbish?—No,itis________.A．whattodealwith;easyenoughformetoclean B．whattodowith;toomuchformetocleanC．howtodowith;toomuchformetoclean D．howtodealwith;easyenoughformetocleanitwhat--dowithhow--dealwithUnit4Grammar4.Publicsignsoftenwarnusnottodosomething.Forexample,theoneontherightmeanspeople_______parkthere.A．mightnot B．maynot C．couldnot D．mustnot5.—MustIreturnthebookthisweek?—No,you________.Youcan________itfor15days.A．needn’t;keep B．needn’t;borrow C．mustn’t;keep D．mustn’t;lendUnit4Grammar6.Aworldfamoustabletennisplayersays,“Asaplayer,you________beashard-workingasyoucan.”A．may B．must C．can D．need7.Withthenewlock,you________searchforkeysinyourbaganymore.Justuseyourfingerprint(指紋).A．needn’t B．can’t C．mustn’t D．shouldn’tUnit4Grammar8.AstheCOVID-19wasfoundinNanjingagain,thestudents________studyonlineathome.A．could B．should C．must D．hadto9.Accordingtothenewtrafficrules,people________wearahelmetwhen