1往復(fù)式內(nèi)燃機(jī)術(shù)語(yǔ)第3部分：發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)可靠性在給定條件下和給定的時(shí)間區(qū)間內(nèi)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)完成要求功能的能發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在給定條件下和給定時(shí)間內(nèi)達(dá)到一定可靠性失效概率密度f(wàn)ailureprobabi2發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)整機(jī)或系統(tǒng)零部件在運(yùn)行至規(guī)定時(shí)間點(diǎn)附近的失發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)整機(jī)或系統(tǒng)零部件在一定時(shí)間區(qū)間內(nèi)的失效個(gè)數(shù)與未失效某一時(shí)間段生產(chǎn)的同一批次發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)整機(jī)或系統(tǒng)零部件在規(guī)定條件規(guī)定時(shí)間內(nèi)發(fā)生故障的概率。發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)零部件發(fā)生故障，導(dǎo)致發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)無(wú)法正常運(yùn)行故障碼diagnostictrouble指能夠代表或標(biāo)示出發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)故障的一組數(shù)字或字母數(shù)字組合，包含現(xiàn)行故障碼和歷史發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)在各種工況、環(huán)境條件和內(nèi)外部干擾下保持穩(wěn)定生產(chǎn)一致性conformityofprodu不同批次或不同生產(chǎn)線上制造的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)品能夠保持一致的性能、質(zhì)量和可靠性3環(huán)境適應(yīng)性environmentaladapta維護(hù)保養(yǎng)周期maintenance對(duì)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)進(jìn)行定期檢查、清潔、潤(rùn)滑、調(diào)整、更換易損件等工作的時(shí)間間3.2耐久性術(shù)語(yǔ)注：極限狀態(tài)是指由于耗損（如疲勞、磨損、腐蝕、變質(zhì)等）使產(chǎn)在規(guī)定條件下，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)必須進(jìn)行小修使其恢復(fù)功能或性能的里程或時(shí)在規(guī)定條件下，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)必須進(jìn)行中修使其恢復(fù)功能或性能的里程或時(shí)在規(guī)定條件下，發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)必須進(jìn)行大修使其恢復(fù)功能或性能的里程或時(shí)44可靠性工程術(shù)語(yǔ)4.1.1可靠性工程reliabilitye4.1.24.1.34.1.4為確保發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)能夠在預(yù)期的使用環(huán)境下，達(dá)4.2可靠性分析術(shù)語(yǔ)4.2.1在設(shè)計(jì)、生產(chǎn)、試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證、使用過(guò)程中用非量化方法評(píng)價(jià)或驗(yàn)證發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的可靠性水4.2.2可靠性定量分析quantitativeanalysisof4.2.3退化分析degradationan4.2.44.2.55可靠性框圖reliabilityblockd4.3可靠性設(shè)計(jì)術(shù)語(yǔ)4.3.1保證發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)及其零部件滿足給定的可靠性指標(biāo)的一種設(shè)4.3.24.3.3可靠性分配方法reliabilityallocat4.3.4等分配法equaldistributionm4.3.5比例分配法proportionate將可靠性目標(biāo)按一定比例分配到發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)各系統(tǒng)、零部件的具體方法。4.3.6評(píng)分分配法scoringallocation4.3.74.3.84.3.94,4可靠性驗(yàn)證術(shù)語(yǔ)4.4.1可靠性驗(yàn)證reliabilityve4.4.2可靠性增長(zhǎng)試驗(yàn)reliabilityg64.4.34.4.44.4.5?t→0+?tz（t）=limE[N(t+?t)-N(t)]····························································?t→0+?t4.5.1可靠性鑒定reliabilityqua4.5.2在規(guī)定條件下驗(yàn)證批產(chǎn)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)產(chǎn)品是否達(dá)到規(guī)定可靠性要求的試驗(yàn)與評(píng)價(jià)4.6健康管理術(shù)語(yǔ)4.6.1等手段，提高發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行效率、減少停機(jī)時(shí)間、降低維護(hù)成本，并延長(zhǎng)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的使用4.6.2運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)收集operatingdatac4.6.3數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析dataprocessingand74.6.4狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè)conditionmoni通過(guò)監(jiān)測(cè)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的運(yùn)行參數(shù)（如振動(dòng)、溫度和壓力等），來(lái)評(píng)估其健康4.6.54.6.6），4.6.7性能優(yōu)化performanceoptimi尿素噴射量等參數(shù)進(jìn)行自適應(yīng)性能調(diào)整和優(yōu)化，最終達(dá)到預(yù)期的性能和可靠性指標(biāo)。4.6.8從發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的設(shè)計(jì)、制造、運(yùn)營(yíng)、維護(hù)到最終8索比例分配法..........................4等分配法.......................風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估........................根因分析........................加速壽命試驗(yàn)...................可靠性測(cè)試.....................可靠性定量分析...............可靠性定性分析...............可靠性分配.....................可靠性分配方法...............可靠性工程.....................可靠性建模.....................可靠性健康管理...............可靠性鑒定.....................可靠性框圖.....................可靠性目標(biāo).....................可靠性設(shè)計(jì).....................可靠性驗(yàn)收.....................可靠性驗(yàn)證.....................可靠性預(yù)計(jì).....................引可靠性增長(zhǎng)...........................4.1.2可靠性增長(zhǎng)試驗(yàn).......................4.4可靠性指標(biāo)...........................4.1.3累積運(yùn)行時(shí)間......................累計(jì)失效概率......................魯棒性..............................3.1.20磨損壽命.............................3.2.9耐久性...............................3.2.1排放壽命............................3.2.11疲勞壽命.............................3.2.8平均失效率...........................3.1.9評(píng)分分配法...........................4.3.6軟件故障............................3.1.15潤(rùn)滑油壽命..........................3.2.10設(shè)計(jì)壽命............................3.2.12生產(chǎn)一致性..........................3.1.21生命周期成本.........................4.6失效.................................3.1.4失效概率密度.........................失效率...............................3.1.6失效模式............................3.1失效影響............................3.1使用頻率............................3.1.19數(shù)據(jù)處理與分析.......................4.6瞬時(shí)失效強(qiáng)度......................退化分析.............................4.2.3維護(hù)保養(yǎng)周期........................3.小修周期.............................3性能優(yōu)化.............................4.6.79預(yù)測(cè)性維護(hù).....................運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)收集...................再分配法.......................置信度...............................3.1.3中修周期.............................3.2.5狀態(tài)監(jiān)測(cè).............................4.6.4acceleratedlifetest..............................................................4.4.4averagefailurerate...............................................................3.1.9B10life...........................................................................3.2.3conditionmonitoring...............................................................4.6.4confidence.........................................................................3.1.3conformityofproduction..........................................................3.1.cumulativefailurerate............................................................3.1.7cumulativeoperatingtime.........................................................3.1.dataprocessingandanalysis.......................................................4.6degradationanalysis...............................................................4.2.3degreeofreliability..............................................................3.1.2designlife.......................................................................3.2.12diagnostictroublecode...........................................................3.1.16durability.........................................................................3.2.1emissionlife.....................................................................3.2.11environmentaladaptation..........................................................3.1equaldistributionmethod..........................................................4.failure............................................................................3.1.4failureeffect....................................................................3.1.12failuremode......................................................................3.1.11failureprobabilitydensity........................................................3.1.8failurerate.......................................................................3.1.6fatiguelife.......................................................................3.2.8fault..............................................................................3.1.5faultrate........................................................................3.1.10faulttree........................................................................3.1.17functionalfailure................................................................3.1.13hardwarefailure..................................................................3.1.14healthmanagement..................................................................4.6.1instaneousfailureintensity................................................lifecyclecost....................................................................4.6.8maintenancecycle.................................................................3.1.23mediumrepaircycle................................................................3.2.5minormaintenancelife.............................................................3.2.4minorrepaircycle.................................................................3.2.4oillife..........................................................................3.2.10operatingdatacollection..........................................................4.6.2overhaulcycle.....................................................................3.2.6performanceoptimization...........................................................4.6.7predictivemaintenance.............................................................4.6.5proportionateallocationmethod....................................................4.3.5qualitaliveanalysisofreliability................................................4.2.1quantitativeanalysisofreliability...............................................4.2.2reliability........................................................................3.1.1reliabilityacceptance.............................................................4.5.2reliabilityallocation.............................................................4.3.2reliabilityallocationmethod......................................................4.3.3reliabilityblockdiagram..........................................................4.2.5reliabilityengineering............................................................4.1.1reliabilitygrowth.................................................................4.1.2reliabilitygrowthtest............................................................4.4.2reliabilityindex..................................................................4.1.3reliabilityobjective..............................................................4.1.4reliabilityqualification..........................................................4.5.1reliabilityredistributionmethod..................................................4.3.7reliabilitytesting................................................................4.4.3reliabilityverification...........................................................4.4.1reliablelife......................................................................3.2.2relliabilitydesign