2/2Period2課文整體閱讀(ReadingandThinking)Ⅰ．文章大意What'smainlytalkedaboutinthepassage?A．Communication． B．Spokenlanguage．C．Bodylanguage． D．Differentcultures．Ⅱ．篇章結(jié)構(gòu)1．Howdoestheauthordevelopthetext?A．Bygivingexamples．B．Bygivingdata．C．Bygivingdefinitions．D．Bymakingcomparisons．2．What'sthepurposeofthesecondparagraph?A．Togiveexamplesofmistakestheinternationalpeoplemake．B．Togiveexamplesofculturaldifferencesinbodylanguage．C．Toshowhowsurprisedwearebytheirdifferentbehaviour．D．Toshowhowimportantbodylanguageis．3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtoparagraph6?A．Asmilecanhelpusgetthroughdifficultsituations．B．Asmilecanhelpusfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers．C．Wecan'tuseasmiletoapologise．D．Wecanuseasmiletogreetsomeone，toaskforhelp，ortostartaconversation．4．Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A．Howtoappreciatetheartofnon-verbalhumour．B．Waysandcontextinwhichpeopleuseandunderstandbodylanguage．C．Thefunctionofbodylanguageanditsimplicationsindifferentcultures．D．Whenandhowtoconveymeaningsbymeansofbodylanguage．1．Doyouoftenusebodylanguagetocommunicatewithothers?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Whatdoyouthinkthemeaningofbodylanguageis?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅰ．一詞多義/熟詞生義1．demonstratevt．表現(xiàn)；表達(dá)；說明；證明；示范；演示vi．集會示威①(教材原句)InJapan，itmaydemonstraterespecttolookdownwhentalkingtoanolderperson． ________②Theseresultsdemonstrateconvincinglythatourcampaignisworking． ________③Herjobinvolvesdemonstratingneweducationalsoftwaretoteachers． ________④Studentsfromtownsinthecountrystarteddemonstratingagainstthewar． ____________2．favourvt．較喜歡；選擇；有利于n．幫助；恩惠；贊同；支持①(教材原句)Elsewhere，peoplefavourshakinghands，bowingfromthewaist，ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse． __________②Thewarmclimatefavoursmanytypesoftropicalplantslivingthere． __________③CouldyoudomeafavourandpickupSamfromschooltoday？ _______④Thesuggestiontoclosetheroadhasfoundfavourwithlocalpeople． _____________3．(2023·全國甲卷)ItwasaneighborcalledMario，comingtobringusaboxcontainingsometomatoesandabottleofwine．Itwasaverynicegestureforhimtomake． _______Ⅱ．詞塊積累1．_______________________________ 因文化而異2．____________________________ 適合這種文化3．__________________ 進(jìn)行眼神交流4．___________________________ 并不總是被認(rèn)可5．____________________ 表示尊敬6．____________________ 使用這個手勢7．______________________ 喜歡握手8．_____________________ 彎腰鞠躬9．__________________________ 渡過難關(guān)10．_____________________ 消除隔閡；打破障礙11．______________ 尋求幫助12．______________________ 感到沮喪或孤獨(dú)Ⅲ．寫作佳句1．Justlikespokenlanguage，bodylanguage__________________________________．就像口語一樣，肢體語言也因文化而異。2．Andifwearefeelingdownorlonely，________________________________seeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend．而且如果我們感到沮喪或孤獨(dú)，沒有什么比看到好朋友的笑臉更好的了。3．Asmilecanhelpus___________________________________andfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers．Asmilecan_____________________．微笑能幫助我們渡過難關(guān)，在陌生人的世界里找到朋友。微笑能夠消除隔閡。Ⅳ．長難語句1．Wordsareimportant，butthewaypeoplestand，holdtheirarms，andmovetheirhandscanalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings．[分析]本句是一個并列復(fù)合句。but連接兩個____的分句。后一分句的peoplestand，holdtheirarms，andmovetheirhands是省略了that或inwhich的____從句，修飾先行詞theway。[翻譯]__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2．Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother，howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto，andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart．[分析]本句是一個主從復(fù)合句。howwetouch．．．，howclosewestand．．．，andhowweact．．．是三個由how引導(dǎo)的并列的____從句，作介詞in的賓語。其中，wearetalkingto是____從句，修飾先行詞someone；whenwemeetorpart是________從句。[翻譯]__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ⅴ．課文語法填空Weusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughtsandopinionswhen1．_______________(communicate)withotherpeople．Bodylanguagecanmakeuslearnalotabout2．____peoplearethinking．Justlike3．______(speak)language，bodylanguage4．______(vary)fromculturetoculture．Thecrucialthingisusingbodylanguagein5．_waythatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein．Forexample，thegesturefor“OK”has6．_________(differ)meaningsindifferentcultures．Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”differaroundtheworld．Somegesturesseemtohavethesame7．_______(mean)everywhere．8．_______(place)yourhandstogetherandrestingthemonthesideofyourheadwhileclosingyoureyesmeans“sleep”．Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses．Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling．Asmilecanhelpusget9．_______difficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers．Ifwearefeelingdownorlonely，thereisnothing10．______(good)thanseeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend．①thoughtn．想法；看法；主意②interactionn．交流；相互影響interactionwith與……的交流③varyvi．(根據(jù)情況)變化；改變varyfrom．．．to．．．由……到……不等variousadj．各種各樣的varietyn．多樣化；不同種類④crucialadj．至關(guān)重要的；關(guān)鍵性的⑤appropriateadj．合適的；恰當(dāng)?shù)腷eappropriatefor/to適合……Itisappropriate(forsb．)todosth．(某人)做某事是合適的⑥bycontrast相比之下⑦approvevi．贊成；同意vt．批準(zhǔn)；通過approveof贊同；同意approvaln．贊成；認(rèn)可⑧demonstratevt．表現(xiàn)；表達(dá)；說明；證明⑨lookdown俯視；向下看⑩gesturen．手勢；姿勢；姿態(tài)?witnessvt．當(dāng)場看到；目擊；見證n．目擊者；證人witnesssb．doingsth．看到某人在做某事?employvt．使用；應(yīng)用；雇用employsb．todosth．雇用某人做某事employsb．a(chǎn)s．．．雇用某人當(dāng)……employeen．雇員employern．雇主?identicaladj．相同的beidenticalto/with．．．與……一樣?interpretvt．把……理解(解釋)為vi．&vt．口譯interpretsth．a(chǎn)s把某人的行為或某事理解為?differvi．相異；不同于differfrom．．．(＝bedifferentfrom．．．)與……不同/有區(qū)別differin．．．在……方面不同differentadj．不同的differencen．不同之處；差異makeadifference有影響?bycomparison(與……)相比較?cheekn．面頰；臉頰?favourvt．較喜歡；選擇；有利于n．幫助；恩惠；贊同infavourof支持；贊同?bowvi．鞠躬；點(diǎn)頭vt．低(頭)n．弓；蝴蝶結(jié)bowtosb．向某人鞠躬?waistn．腰；腰部?restv．(被)支撐；(使)倚靠；托?awayofdoingsth．做某事的方法?getthrough渡過(難關(guān))；完成；順利通過(考試等)?breakdown消除；分解；打破?barriern．隔閡；障礙breakdownbarriers消除隔閡；打破障礙languagebarrier語言障礙?askforhelp尋求幫助?feeldown感到沮喪LISTENINGTOHOWBODIESTALKWeusebothwordsandbodylanguagetoexpressourthoughts①andopinionsinourinteractions②withotherpeople．Wecanlearnalotaboutwhatpeoplearethinking[1]bywatchingtheirbodylanguage[2]．Wordsareimportant，butthewaypeoplestand，holdtheirarms，andmovetheirhands[3]canalsogiveusinformationabouttheirfeelings．[1]whatpeoplearethinking是what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句，作介詞about的賓語，what在從句中作thinking的賓語。[2]bywatchingtheirbodylanguage作方式狀語。[3]peoplestand，holdtheirarms，andmovetheirhands是定語從句，修飾先行詞theway。關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語，可用that，inwhich或省略關(guān)系詞。此處省略了關(guān)系詞。Justlikespokenlanguage，bodylanguagevaries③fromculturetoculture．Thecrucial④thingisusingbodylanguageinawaythatisappropriate⑤tothecultureyouarein[4]．Forexample，makingeyecontact—lookingintosomeone'seyes—insomecountries[5]isawaytodisplayinterest．Inothercountries，bycontrast⑥，eyecontactisnotalwaysapproved⑦of．Forexample，inmanyMiddleEasterncountries，menandwomenarenotsociallypermittedtomakeeyecontact．InJapan，itmaydemonstrate⑧respecttolookdown⑨whentalkingtoanolderperson[6]．[4]動詞-ing形式短語usingbodylanguage．．．作表語；thatisappropriatetothecultureyouarein是定語從句，修飾先行詞away，that在從句中作主語，這個句子中的youarein也是一個定語從句，修飾先行詞theculture，關(guān)系詞因在從句中作賓語而被省略。[5]動詞-ing形式短語makingeyecontact．．．作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。[6]whentalkingtoanolderperson是狀語從句的省略，補(bǔ)充完整應(yīng)為whentheyaretalkingtoanolderperson。Thegesture⑩for“OK”hasdifferentmeaningsindifferentcultures．InJapan，someonewhowitnesses?anotherpersonemploying?thegesture[7]mightthinkitmeansmoney．InFrance,apersonencounteringanidentical?gesturemayinterpret?itasmeaningzero[8]．However，youshouldavoidmakingthisgestureinBrazilandGermany，asitisnotconsideredpolite．[7]whowitnessesanotherpersonemployingthegesture是who引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞someone。[8]encounteringanidenticalgesture是動詞-ing形式短語作定語，修飾名詞aperson，aperson與encountering之間是邏輯上的主動關(guān)系。動詞-ing形式短語meaningzero作介詞as的賓語。Eventhegesturesweusefor“yes”and“no”[9]differ?aroundtheworld．Inmanycountries，shakingone'sheadmeans“no”，andnodding[10]means“yes”．Bycomparison?，inBulgariaandsouthernAlbania，thegestureshavetheoppositemeaning．Therearealsodifferencesinhowwetoucheachother，howclosewestandtosomeonewearetalkingto，andhowweactwhenwemeetorpart[11]．IncountrieslikeFranceandRussia，peoplemaykisstheirfriendsonthecheek?whentheymeet．Elsewhere，peoplefavour?shakinghands，bowing?fromthewaist?，ornoddingtheheadwhentheymeetsomeoneelse[12]．[9]此處是省略關(guān)系詞的定語從句，修飾先行詞thegestures。[10]動詞-ing形式短語shakingone'shead和nodding都在句中作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。[11]howwetouch．．．，howclosewestand．．．，andhowweact．．．是三個由how引導(dǎo)的并列的賓語從句，其中，wearetalkingto是定語從句，修飾先行詞someone；whenwemeetorpart是時間狀語從句。[12]本句中三個并列的動詞-ing形式短語shakinghands,bowingfromthewaist和noddingthehead作favour的賓語，連接方式是“A，B，orC”；whentheymeetsomeoneelse是時間狀語從句。Somegesturesseemtohavethesamemeaningeverywhere．Placingyourhandstogetherandresting?themonthesideofyourhead[13]whileclosingyoureyes[14]means“sleep”．Agoodwayofsaying?“Iamfull”ismovingyourhandincirclesoveryourstomachafterameal．[13]本句中兩個并列的動詞-ing形式短語作主語，表示同一件事，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。[14]whileclosingyoureyes是時間狀語從句的省略，補(bǔ)充完整為whileyouareclosingyoureyes。Somebodylanguagehasmanydifferentuses．Perhapsthebestexampleissmiling．Asmilecanhelpusgetthrough?difficultsituationsandfindfriendsinaworldofstrangers．Asmilecanbreakdown?barriers?．Wecanuseasmiletoapologise，togreetsomeone，toaskforhelp?，ortostartaconversation[15]．Expertssuggestsmilingatyourselfinthemirror[16]tomakeyourselffeelhappierandstronger．Andifwearefeelingdown?orlonely，thereisnothingbetterthan[17]seeingthesmilingfaceofagoodfriend．[15]此處是四個并列的目的狀語，連接形式是“A，B，C，orD”。[16]此處是動詞-ing形式短語作suggest的賓語。suggestdoingsth．意為“建議做某事”。[17]此處是“否定詞＋比較級”表示最高級含義。傾聽身體的訴說在與別人的交流中，我們用言語和肢體語言來表達(dá)我們的想法和觀點(diǎn)。通過觀察別人的肢體語言，我們能夠了解很多他們的想法。言語很重要，但是人們站立、雙手抱臂和移動雙手的姿勢也能為我們提供有關(guān)他們情感的信息。就像口語一樣，肢體語言也因文化而異。最重要的是使用肢體語言的方式要適合你所處的文化。例如，在一些國家，眼神交流——直視某人的眼睛，是表示興趣的一種方式。相反，在另一些國家，眼神交流并不總是被認(rèn)可。例如，在許多中東國家，社交上不允許男性和女性進(jìn)行眼神交流。在日本，和年長的人講話時，目光向下以示尊敬?！癘K”這個手勢在不同的文化中有不同的含義。在日本，一個人看到另一個人使用這個手勢，可能會認(rèn)為這意味著錢。在法國，看到同一個手勢的人可能會