課時(shí)提升作業(yè)(十三)(UNIT5ReadingandThinking)(建議用時(shí)：45分鐘總分：94分)Ⅰ．品句填詞(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)1．Thegovernmentisdeterminedto____________(解決)theproblemofpoverty．2．Travelpromotesunderstanding，____________(擴(kuò)展)ourminds，makesusbetterpeople，and____________(提升)localeconomies．3．Hefinally____________(獲得)hisgoalofbecomingafamouswriter．4．Itis____________(估計(jì))thattheeconomiclosscausedbythenaturaldisasteramountstobillionsofdollars．5．Hercollectionis____________(由……組成)ofvariousworksofart，includingpaintings，sculptures，andphotographs．Ⅱ．詞性轉(zhuǎn)換(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)1．His____________(devote)tothecauseofenvironmentalprotectionisinspiring．2．Climatechangehasledtoanincreasingwater____________(short)inmanyareas．3．(2024·新課標(biāo)Ⅰ卷)Farber，agraduateofColoradoStateUniversity，startedoutasamore____________(convention)veterinarian．4．His____________(assume)thathewouldwintheprizeturnedouttobewrong．5．Therehasbeenaslightincreaseinthe____________(consume)ofmeat．Ⅲ．短語(yǔ)填空(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)bedevotedto，becomprisedof，deepdown，farform，dependon1．____________，sheknewthatwhatshewasdoingwaswrong．2．Sheis____________beinglazy；infact，sheisveryhard-working．3．Whetherwegoonapicnicornot____________theweather．4．Thebook____________tenchapters，eachcoveringadifferenttopic．5．Thescientist____________researchingnewwaystosolveenvironmentalproblems．Ⅳ．完成句子(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)1．這本書(shū)，被視為文學(xué)經(jīng)典，已經(jīng)被翻譯成多種語(yǔ)言。Thebook，________________________，hasbeentranslatedintomanylanguages．2．我非常感激我的英語(yǔ)老師，她激勵(lì)我追求文學(xué)事業(yè)。MyEnglishteacher，________________________，hasinspiredmetopursueacareerinliterature．3．據(jù)估計(jì)，到達(dá)目的地還需要大約三個(gè)小時(shí)。________________________itwilltakearoundthreehourstogettothedestination．4．鑒于外面雨下得很大，我們最好待在室內(nèi)。________________________，we'dbetterstayindoors．5．讓人生真正有意義的是對(duì)夢(mèng)想的追求。________________________isthepursuitofone'sdreams．Ⅴ．補(bǔ)全短文(共7小題；每小題2分，滿分14分)Inthepast，ourcountryfaced1．________________________(食物的短缺)．2．________________________________(為了解決這個(gè)危機(jī))，scientists3．_______________________________________(專心致力于)doingnumerousresearch4．_____________________________________(提高產(chǎn)量)．They5．________________________________________(克服了各種困難)toimproveconventionalcrops．Afterdozensofyears，theireffortspaidoff．They6．_______________________________(取得了顯著的成就)inagriculturalproduction．Withjointefforts，ourcountryhasworkedouttheproblemoffoodandentirely7．________________________(減輕了貧困)．YuanLongping，isoneoftheserespectablescientists．Hecareslittleforcelebrityormoney．Hemadegreatachievementstoourcountry．Ⅰ．閱讀理解(共8小題；每小題2.5分，滿分20分)AIfyouweretoplaceallthericeconsumedeachyearononesideofascale(天平)，andeverypersonintheworldontheother，thescalewouldtipheavilytowardsrice'sfavor．Thisbelovedcropcontributesover20%ofthecaloriesconsumedbyhumanseachyear．TherootsofricegobackthousandsofyearswhenearlyfarmersinAsia，Africa，andSouthAmericaeachindependentlyplantedthecrop．Asianrice，however，spreadwidelyandisnowacornerstoneofdietandcultureinAsiaandbeyond．ManyplantgeneticistsbelievethatAsianriceoriginatedinwhat'snowChina．Over10，000yearsago，nomadic(游牧的)huntersintheregionbegangatheringandeatingseedsfromaweedygrass．Around9，000yearsago，theystartedplantingtheseseeds．Witheachharvest，growersselectedandreplantedseedsfromthericeplantsthatpleasedthemmost—likethosewithbiggergrains．Overthousandsofyears，thousandsofvarietiesofAsianriceemerged．Traditionally，growersplantriceinpaddyfields—flatlandsubmerged(淹沒(méi))underasmuchas10centimetersofwaterthroughoutthegrowingseason．Thispracticereturnshighyieldssincemanycompetingweedscan'tsurviveinsuchanenvironment．Butthetechniqueconsumesplentyofwater．Ricecovers11%ofglobalcropland，butusesoverathirdoftheworld'sirrigationwater(灌溉用水)．Thisformofriceproductionalsoproducesasurprisingquantityofgreenhousegases．Floodedfieldsaretheperfectbreedinggroundsformicroorganismsknownasmethanogens(產(chǎn)甲烷菌)．Thericefarmingcontributesaround12%ofhuman-causedmethaneemissionseachyear．Greenhousegasescomefrommany—sometimesunexpected—places．Makingricegrowingmoresustainableisjustoneofthemanychallengeswe'llneedtofacetoavoiddisastrouswarming．Today，manyricegrowersstillfloodfieldsallseasonlong．Changingoldpracticesrequiresamajormindsetshift，butgoingagainstthegraincouldbejustwhatweneedtokeepourplanethealthyandourbowlsfull．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述水稻在人類食物中的重要性以及傳統(tǒng)種植水稻的方式帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。1．Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A．ThehistoryofAsianrice．B．TheinfluenceofAsianrice．C．ThefarmingofAsianrice．D．TheadvantageofAsianrice．2．Whatistheadvantageofgrowingriceinpaddyfields?A．Itcanmakethericemoredelicious．B．Itcanprotectthericefromotherweeds．C．Itcanenablericetoadapttoavarietyofclimates．D．Itcanreducetheamountofwaterneededforirrigation．3．Whatcanwelearnaboutthecurrentwayofplantingrice?A．Itisfacingmoreandmorechallenges．B．Ithasbeenunabletomeetthedemandforrice．C．Itrequirestheintroductionofnewtechnologies．D．Itshouldbeimprovedtobeenvironmentallyfriendly．4．Inwhichsectionofanewspaperwillthetextappear?A．Health． B．Science．C．Agriculture． D．History．BTheissueofhowtofeedagrowingpopulationisacrucialissueforthe21stcentury．Theissuewashighontheagenda(當(dāng)務(wù)之急)attherecentUnitedNationsClimateChangeConferenceinEgypt．AccordingtotheUN，by2050wewillneedtoproduce60%morefoodtofeedaworldpopulationof9.3billion．CambridgeJudgeBusinessSchoolsupportsanumberofbusinesseswhichaimtopromotesustainable(可持續(xù)發(fā)展的)agriculturepractices．Oneofthemostimportantfieldsisprecision(精準(zhǔn))agriculture，thescienceofimprovingcropyieldsandassistingmanagementdecisionsusingthelatesttechnology．OutfieldTechnologiesistargetinghighvaluefruitfarming．Farmersbuytheirowndrones(無(wú)人機(jī))，andthentheOutfieldsoftwarecreatesflightplansoverthefarmandprocessestheimagestakenbythedrones．Bycountingthefruitonbranchesandmeasuringtrees，farmerscanseewheretoapplyfertilizerwithgreaterprecision，reducingusageandimprovingsoilsustainability．Outfield'ssoftwarecanalsorecommendwheretostartharvestingtoreducewasteandlabour(勞動(dòng)力)costs．Therisingcostoflabourgloballyhasbecomeahugeissuewithintheagriculturalindustry，forreasonsincludingtheshortageofbackpackers(someofwhombecomeseasonalworkers)inNewZealand，andtheriseofminimumpayinSouthAfrica．Thedatagatheredbydronescanalsopredictyields．“Priming”thesupplychainensuresasmootherjourneyfromthefarmtofruitbowlsinyourhome．Whenanappleispicked，itisstoredinarefrigeratedenvironmentforuptosixmonthsbeforebeingtransportedtoapackhousetobewashed，sorted，packaged，beforebeingmovedtoadeliverycentreandfinallyappearingonsupermarketshelves．Thechaindependsheavilyontransportation，butbypredictingyields，Outfieldaimstoreducewasteastraderscanpredictfruitlevelsandreducegreenhousegasescausedbyrefrigeratedstorage．Outfieldco-founderOilHilbournesaid，“Theagriculturalindustryneedsmoreinvestment(投資)tochange．Moremoneyfor5G，educationandinvestmentinstart-ups．”5．WhydoestheauthormentiontheClimateChangeConferenceinEgypt?A．Toshowthesolutionsitgave．B．Topointoutwhat'swrongwithitsagenda．C．Tostresstheseriousnessofthefoodproblem．D．Toexplainwhythepopulationkeepsgrowing．6．WhatdoesOutfieldTechnologiesdoforfarmers?A．Itoffersthemfreeflights．B．Itmonitorsfarmsforthem．C．Itteachesthemabouthighvaluefruits．D．Itusesdrone-takenimagestoadvertisefarms．7．Whatlabourproblemsaredifferentcountriesfacing?A．PayinSouthAfricaisverylow．B．SouthAfricacan'tagreeonminimumpay．C．BackpackersinNewZealandfailtogetpaidfairly．D．NewZealandisn'tdrawingenoughseasonalworkers．8．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A．TheFutureofFarmingB．TheTrendofFruitPickingC．ThePromisingMarketofHighValueFruitsD．ThePositiveEffectsofFarmingontheEnvironmentⅡ．閱讀七選五(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)Thinkbacktothelasttimeyoushoppedforfruitandvegetables．Youmayhavenoticedsomeitemslabelledwiththeword“organic”．1“Organic”referstothewayfoodisgrown．Tobelabelledasorganic，foodproductionmustmeetstrictguidelines．Thesecanbedifferentdependingonwhereyoulive．IntheUnitedStates，organicfoodmustbegrownorraisedwithoutusingpesticidesorchemicalfertilizers．2ThatchangedaftertheIndustrialRevolution．Duringthe20thcentury，manyideasthatwereusedbyfactoriesandbigbusinesseswereputintoactiononfarms．Thishelpedsomefarmsgrowlargerandproducemore．However，theorganicmovementwasstartedtogetbacktotheoldtraditionalwaysoffarming．Why？Manypeoplebelievethechemicalsandpesticidesusedinmodernfarmingcanbeharmfultoyourhealth．3Andthosewhosupporttheorganicmovementalsopointtoitsbenefitsfortheenvironment．Haveyouevercomparedorganicandnon-organicfoodatthegrocerystore？Ifso，youknowthatorganicfoodtendstocostmore．Thishappensformanyreasons．Organicfarmingproducesfewercrops．4Additionally，organicfarmsspendmoremoneytakingcareoftheanimalstheyraise．Theseandotherfactorsdrivethecostoforganicfoodup．Isorganicfoodworththeextracost？Somepeoplebelieveitis．Theymaythinkittastesbetterorjustprefertoeatfoodthathasnotbeengrownusingchemicals．5Theyarestilltryingtofindamajordifferencebetweenorganicandnon-organicfoodintermsofsafety，nutrition，ortaste．Still，othersarguethattheenvironmentalbenefitsoforganicfoodmakeitworththeprice．A．Haveyoueverwonderedwhatthatmeans?B．Thecostofproductionisalsousuallyhigher．C．Formostofhistory，almostallfoodwasorganic．D．Manypeoplearewillingtopaymorefororganicfood．E．Somepeoplealsothinkorganicfoodisnaturallymorenutritious．F．Areyouwonderingiforganicfoodisrightforyou?G．Scientistshavestudiedorganicandnon-organicfoodformanyyearsnow．Ⅲ．語(yǔ)法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)ChineseFarmers'HarvestFestivalAsyoumayknow，theseventhChineseFarmers'HarvestFestivalfallsonSept．22，1．istheAutumnEquinoxday(秋分)ofthisyear．TheChineseFarmers'HarvestFestivalisthefirstnationalholiday2．(specific)setupforfarmers．Itwasestablishedin2018andfallsontheannual“AutumnEquinox”．The3．(establish)ofthe“ChineseFarmers'HarvestFestival”willgreatlystimulatetheenthusiasm，initiative，andcreativityofbillionsoffarmers，4．enhancetheirsenseofhonor，happiness，andsenseofachievement．5．(hold)the“ChineseFarmers'HarvestFestival”canshowcasethetremendousachievementsofruralreformanddevelopment，andalsoshowcaseChina'sancienttradition6．puttingagriculturefirst．WiththeapprovaloftheChineseFarmers'HarvestFestival，thespecificworkwillbeorganizedand7．(perform)bytheMinistryofAgricultureandRuralAffairsandrelevantdepartments．InMay2020，six8．(individual)9．(appoint)as“ChineseFarmers'HarvestFestivalPromotionAmbassadors”．In2021，Deyang，Sichuan，Changsha，Hunan，andJiaxing，Zhejiangrespectivelyrepresentedtheupper，middle，andlowerreachesoftheYangtzeRiver10．(host)threehomeactivitiesattheleveloftheChinaFarmersHarvestFestivalOrganizationandGuidanceCommittee．課時(shí)提升作業(yè)(十三)基礎(chǔ)過(guò)關(guān)Ⅰ．1．tackle2．expands；boosts3．a(chǎn)ttained4．estimated5．comprisedⅡ．1．devotion2．shortage3．conventional4．a(chǎn)ssumption5．consumptionⅢ．1．Deepdown2．farfrom3．dependson4．iscomprisedof5．isdevotedtoⅣ．1．knownasaclassicofliterature2．towhomIamdeeplygrateful3．Itisestimatedthat4．Giventhatit'srainingheavilyoutside5．WhatmakeslifetrulymeaningfulⅤ．1．theshortageoffood2．Totacklethiscrisis3．weredevotedto4．toboostyields5．overcamevariousdifficulties6．a(chǎn)ttainedoutstandingachievements7．a(chǎn)lleviatedthepoverty能力提升Ⅰ．12345678ABDCCBDAⅡ．12345ACEBGⅢ．1．which2．specifically3．establishment4．a(chǎn)nd5．Holding6．of7．performed8．individuals9．wereappointed10．tohost能力提升Ⅰ．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講述水稻在人類食物中的重要性以及傳統(tǒng)種植水稻的方式帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。1．A[段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Over10，000yearsago．．．Around9，000yearsago．．．Overthousandsofyears”可知，本段按照時(shí)間順序主要講亞洲水稻的歷史。故選A項(xiàng)。]2．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第四段第二句可知，在水田里種植水稻的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是它可以保護(hù)水稻免受其他雜草的侵害。故選B項(xiàng)。]3．D[推理判斷題。由文章第五段第一句及第六段最后一句可推知，目前的水稻種植方式應(yīng)該改進(jìn)，使其更加環(huán)保。故選D項(xiàng)。]4．C[文章出處題。本文主要講述水稻在人類食物中的重要性以及傳統(tǒng)種植水稻的方式帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。由此推知，這篇文章應(yīng)出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的“農(nóng)業(yè)”版塊。故選C項(xiàng)。]【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章主要介紹了全球人口增長(zhǎng)帶來(lái)的糧食問(wèn)題，以及如何通過(guò)精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)等可持續(xù)農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)踐來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題。5．C[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段前兩句“如何養(yǎng)活不斷增長(zhǎng)的人口是21世紀(jì)的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。這個(gè)問(wèn)題是最近在埃及舉行的聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化會(huì)議的重要議題。”可知，提到在埃及召開(kāi)的氣候變化會(huì)議是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)糧食問(wèn)題的嚴(yán)重性。故選C項(xiàng)。]6．B[細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“農(nóng)民們購(gòu)買自己的無(wú)人機(jī)，然后Outfield軟件在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上空創(chuàng)建飛行計(jì)劃，并處理無(wú)人機(jī)拍攝的圖像?！笨芍?，該公司會(huì)利用無(wú)人機(jī)替農(nóng)場(chǎng)主監(jiān)控果園。故選B項(xiàng)。]7．D[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“全球勞動(dòng)力成本上升已成為農(nóng)業(yè)行業(yè)的一個(gè)巨大問(wèn)題，原因包括新西蘭背包客(其中一些人成為季節(jié)性工人)的短缺，以及南非最低工資標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提高?！笨赏浦?，新西蘭沒(méi)有吸引足夠的季節(jié)性工人。故選D項(xiàng)。]8．A[標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“其中最重要的領(lǐng)域之一是精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè)，這是一門利用最新技術(shù)提高作物產(chǎn)量和協(xié)助管理決策的科學(xué)?！币约翱v觀全文可知，這篇文章討論了使用技術(shù)(如無(wú)人機(jī)和精準(zhǔn)農(nóng)業(yè))來(lái)提高作物產(chǎn)量、減少浪費(fèi)和解決農(nóng)業(yè)領(lǐng)域的勞工問(wèn)題。這些主題都與農(nóng)業(yè)的未來(lái)以及技術(shù)進(jìn)步如何改變農(nóng)業(yè)緊密相關(guān)。由此可知，A項(xiàng)“TheFutureofFarming(農(nóng)業(yè)的未來(lái))”適合作本文最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。]Ⅱ．【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了關(guān)于有機(jī)食品的一些相關(guān)信息。1．A[根據(jù)上文“你可能