試題試題2025年全國(guó)統(tǒng)一高考英語(yǔ)試卷（新高考Ⅰ）第二部分閱讀第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1．Thegreeningofplanes，trainsandautomobilesMovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2emissions（排放）.Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything，itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsforaboutaquarterofourenergy﹣relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here'sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen，cheapandpowerful，butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled，butherearesomeofthesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.PLANES—SynthetichydrocarbonsThehardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.Onelong﹣termoptionforsustainablefuelforplanesistomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.CARS—BatteriesBatteriesareenergy﹣efficientandelectriccarscanplugintoexistingsystemsandservices.Newsolid﹣statebatterieswilltakeacarfartheronasinglecharge.FUTUREFUELSTRAINS—ElectricitySometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires；otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.TRUCKS—HydrogenfuelcellsHydrogenfuelcellsarealighterchoicethanbatteriesfortrucks，butmakinggreenhydrogenisexpensive.SHIPS—LiquidammoniaLiquidammoniaiseasytokeepandtransport，butitishardtoignite（點(diǎn)燃）andrequiresanengineredesign.Thisenergytransition（變革）isglobal，andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis"alittlebitmind﹣blowing，"saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It'sestimatedthattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately，analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothetask."Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy，anditwillallgetused，"saysWipke.（1）Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018？A.11.6%.B.45.1%.C.74.5%.D.86.1%.（2）Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily？A.Planes.B.Trucks.C.Trains.D.Ships.（3）WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition？A.Limitingfuelconsumption.B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.C.Improvingenergyefficiency.D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.2．Inmyninth﹣gradewritingclasslastyear，Imetacowboywhosavedhistown，astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA's，andamodern﹣dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce，Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents，who'dcreatedthesepeople，knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay，whichwasaboutthequestion："Whyiswritingimportant？"Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage，andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis（論點(diǎn)）statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers，butwriting，inandofitself，simplydidn'tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.Asanewunitstarted，Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth﹣relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments，apersonal﹣narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative﹣writingworkshop，Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre（體裁）andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories，10to20pageseach，withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However，mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune，Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting'smostpowerfulsignificance﹣theabilitytoconnectpeople，toputusinanother'sskin，toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.（1）Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1？A.Ninthgraders.B.Students'parents.C.Modernwriters.D.Fictionalcharacters.（2）Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay？A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime.B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion.D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"staggering"inparagraph3mean？A.Mixed.B.Amazing.C.Similar.D.Disturbing.（4）Whatdoestheauthor'sexperienceshow？A.Teachingislearning.B.Stillwatersrundeep.C.Knowledgeispower.D.Practicemakesperfect.3．Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears，transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian（行人）mobility，especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere'stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool，sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBr?mmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement：HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives，theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously，aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway，JaneJacobscalledonhermayor（市長(zhǎng)）tochampion"NewYorkasadecentplacetolive，andnotjustrushthrough."SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread，therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty﹣sixmillionpeople，amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough，butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan'tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities？TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright：it'stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.（1）Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1？A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.（2）WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo？A.Keeptheircitieslivable.B.Promoteculturaldiversity.C.Helptheneedyfamilies.D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.（3）WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s？A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.C.Theywongovernmentsupport.D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.（4）Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext？A.WhytheRush？B.What'sNext？C.WheretoStay？D.WhotoBlame？4．MicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas，stuckinsidevolcanicrocks，filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.Now，newresearchsuggeststhatasimple，cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofMicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap（水龍頭）：boilingandfiltering（過(guò)濾）it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters，researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes—thenfilteringitafteritcools—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.Crucially，thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate（碳酸鈣）totraptheplastics.Inthestudy，boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate，boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.Additionally，theresearchdidn'tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes—polystyrene，polyethyleneandpolypropylene—andtheydidn'tstudyotherchemicalspreviouslyfoundinwatersuchasvinylchloride.Still，thefindingsshowapotentialpathforwardforreducingmicroplasticexposure—ataskthat'sbecomingincreasinglydifficult.Evenbottledwater，scientistsfoundearlierthisyear，contains10to1，000timesmoremicroplasticsthanoriginallythought.Scientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare—butwhattheydoknowhasraisedconcerns.Thenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldbeatooltolimitintake."Thewaytheydemonstratedhowmicroplasticsweretrappedthroughtheboilingprocesswasnice，"CarolineGauchotte﹣Lindsay，anenvironmentalengineerattheUniversityofGlasgowinScotlandwhowasnotinvolvedintheresearch，tellsNewScientist."Weshouldbelookingintoupgradingdrinkingwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics."（1）Howdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagraph？A.Byquotinganexpert.B.Bydefiningaconcept.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byprovidingstatistics.（2）Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater？A.Thehardnessofwater.B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.C.Thefrequencyoffiltering.D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.（3）Whatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagraph4？A.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling.B.Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.C.Thedangerinoverusingpurewater.D.Thedifficultyintreatingpollutedwater.（4）WhatisGauchotte﹣Lindsay'ssuggestionabout？A.Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D.Potentialapplicationofthefindings.第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。5．AnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustaquickpick﹣me﹣upinthemorning？TheCollegeCafehasjustthat，andmore.（1）CatherineMurphy，acafeworkerinagreenshirtandblackhat，makessurethateachcustomergetsexactlywhattheyorder.Shegoesbackandforthbetweenmachinestomakethedrinks.（2）Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromherhand，shesmilesandsays，"Hello，howisyourday？"Evenwhenthelineisgettinglonger，shedoesn'tletitgetinthewayofhergenuineconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddrivesthirtyminuteseverydaytogettoworkontime.（3）"IdosobecauseIliketomakecoffeeforthestudents.Iknowtheyneeditinthemorning，"Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.Shebelievessheisheretoserve.OnethingMurphymaynotknowisthathersmileiscontagious（有感染力）andcanbethedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavingbeforeseeingher.JoannaWright，aseniorpoliticalsciencemajor，lovescoffeeandgoestothecafeatleastsixdaysaweek.（4）"Catherinealwayshasahugesmileonherface，whichalwaysputsmeinacheerfulmood，"Wrightsaid."Ienjoyworkinginthecafe，"Murphysaid.（5）Shehaseveryintentionofstayingandcontinuingdoingwhatsheloves.A.Thecafeclosesat9pmeveryday.B.Shehastwochildrenagedeightandfour.C.Sometimesshearrivesearlytoservethestudentsearly.D.Afterfinishinganorder，shecallsoutthenameonthecup.E.Notonlydoesthiscafeserveupdrinks，italsoservesupsmiles.F.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffgoodandgetsherreadyforclass.G.Shehasservedherefor17yearsandcan'timagineworkinganywhereelse.第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。6．OneAugustafternoon，Isatinmykitchenstaringataglassvasethathadn'tseendaylightsincemywedding.MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusy（1）thebelovedhomeourfamilyhadspent23yearsfillingup.Wehaddecidedonkeyitemsforthe（2）weweremovingtointown，donatedwhatwecould，andrentedaplaceto（3）oursupposedlyimportantobjects.Thatleftahousestill（4）withthingsthat，whilenotparticularly（5），didn'tbelonginalandfill（垃圾填埋場(chǎng)）.Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline，for＄10.Acoupleofmessagescamein，onewantingadditional（6），anotheraskingforapricecut.Asour（7）daydrewnear，Isettledonanewprice（＄0）andreportedit.The（8）："Ihatethisvase.Maybeyouwon't."Inaninstant，awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase.（9），Ipostedmore.Mydailypostsandthe（10）Ireceivedbecameapreciousrayoflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto（11）thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave（12）.Isitinmyapartmenttoday，lovingeachofthe（13）thatshareoursmallspace.Itake（14）inknowingthat，somewherenearby，someoneis（15）somethingthatcouldn'tcomewithus.（1）A.paintingoverB.lookingaroundC.emptyingoutD.pullingdown（2）A.hotelB.officeC.cottageD.apartment（3）A.storeB.displayC.sellD.repair（4）A.coveredB.decoratedC.stuffedD.equipped（5）A.conventionalB.valuableC.complicatedD.tolerable（6）A.feesB.photosC.receiptsD.models（7）A.moveB.payC.marketD.work（8）A.warningB.requestC.descriptionD.reply（9）A.ConfusedB.InterestedC.DisappointedD.Encouraged（10）A.visitsB.reportsC.adviceD.money（11）A.removeB.spareC.findD.check（12）A.investigatedB.recognizedC.encounteredD.recommended（13）A.giveawaysB.postsC.contributionsD.belongings（14）A.joyB.partC.careD.time（15）A.anticipatingB.appreciatingC.deliveringD.withdrawing第二節(jié)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。7．AnexhibitionattheJiushiArtMuseuminShanghaiisfeaturingartworkinspiredbyGo，orweiqiinChinese，（1）originatedinChinamorethan4，000yearsago.Goisoneof（2）earliestbinary﹣based（基于二元的）games.ThemovementsoftheblackandwhitepiecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophy，accordingtoTuNingning，whoisinchargeoftheexhibition."TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture，cutting﹣edgetechnologyandcontemporaryart，"saysTu."Wehope（3）（present）theratherabstractGogameandAIinavisualcontext，andinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart，conceptualartandexpressionism.""InaGogame，eachmoveshouldservealong﹣termgoal.Youtrytoleadtheopponentintoyourtrapandforcethemtofollowyour'（4）（guide）'tilltheylose，"explainsWangWei，aGoplayeramongthevisitorstotheexhibition."Theplayers'personalities（5）（reveal）duringthegame，andone'sweaknessesareexposedtotheopponent，"sheadds."Adecentwinneralways（6）（try）tobeattheopponent（7）nomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture（姿態(tài)）ofrespectfortheotherside."Tusaysthatthebalancebetweentheblackandwhitepieces，thebeautyinthe（8）（strategy）placementofthepieces，（9）theenergyflowfollowingeachmoveinspiredartiststocreateoilpaintings，sculptures，（10）（digital）generatedpicturesandsilk﹣screenprintsfortheexhibition.四、寫作第一節(jié)8．假定你是李華，你班的英語(yǔ)報(bào)要增設(shè)一個(gè)欄目。外教Jenny提出"Funatmyschool"和"GuesswhoIam"兩個(gè)選項(xiàng)供大家選擇。請(qǐng)給Jenny寫一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：（1）你的選擇；（2）說(shuō)明理由。注意：（1）寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80個(gè)左右；（2）請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJenny，IreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.______Yours，LiHua第二節(jié)閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。9．MywifeandIwantedtoshareournewhom