第PAGE"pagenumber"pagenumber頁，共NUMPAGES"numberofpages"numberofpages頁2025-2026學(xué)年湖南省武岡市高三年級(jí)上學(xué)期開學(xué)英語基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)試卷一、閱讀單選（3題）（本大題共1小題，共6分）[6分]Queensland’sBestShortWalksFeelthewarmembraceofthesun,smellthesaltonaseabreezeorhearbirdsong—walkinginQueenslandisafeastforthesenses.DaisyHillConservationParkTreeDiscoveryTrail,BrisbaneThiseasy-goingtrailwandersaroundtheopeneucalyptforestandmelaleucawetlandsofLogan’sDaisyHillConservationPark.Whetherit’saleisurelywalkorafamilyoutingyouareseeking,thetrailoffersarelaxedwalksuitableforeveryone—littlekidsandbigkidsalike.Accessibility:Wheelchairaccessible.AirlieCreekTrack,TheWhitsundaysKeepaneyeoutforrockwallabiesandnativerainforestsasyoumakeyourwayuptheAirlieCreekTrack.Thetrackstartsasagentlewalkbutbecomesincreasinglychallengingalongtheway.Tomakeittothetop,you’llhavetobraveashort,steepsectionfeaturingaleg-burningchallenge.Yourreward?Tricklingrockpoolsandawaterfallthat’sparticularlyprettyafterrainfall.Accessibility:Notwheelchairaccessible.NaturalBridgeCircuit,GoldCoastWanderamongstprehistoricjungle,Jurassic-periodhooppines,andtumblingwaterfallsinSpringbrookNationalPark,partoftheUNESCOWorldHeritage-listedGondwanaRainforests.Forthewholefamily,werecommendtheNaturalBridgeCircuit,whereashorttrailleadstoa“bridge”insideacaveformedbywateroverthousandsofyears.Accessibility:Notcompletelyaccessible.OceanviewWalk,GoldCoastJustmetresfromthesandsofEchoBeach,you’lldiscovertheOceanviewWalk.Thisfamily-friendlywalkwindsthroughsubtropical(亞熱帶的)rainforest,andalongthesurffrontofBurleighHeadland.VisitbetweenMayandNovembertospotwhalesfrolicking(嬉戲)inthesea.Accessibility:Somewheelchairaccess.1．（2分）Whichtrailistotallyinaccessibleforpeoplewithmobilityissues?A．DaisyHillConservationParkTreeDiscoveryTrail. B．AirlieCreekTrack.C．NaturalBridgeCircuit. D．OceanviewWalk.2．（2分）WhoismostlikelytoenjoyNaturalBridgeCircuit?A．Familiesseekingascenicandeasywalk.B．Touristskeentoexploredenserainforests.C．Whalewatchersinterestedincoastalviews.D．Experiencedhikersseekingademandingadventure.3．（2分）Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Ascientificresearchpaper. B．Ahistoricaljournal.C．Apersonalblogpost. D．Atravelbrochure.二、閱讀單選（4題）（本大題共2小題，共16分）[8分]In1910,theLosAngelesTimesranastoryaboutaboytaskedwithopeningavalve(閥門)onasteam-poweredwaterpumptoreleasebuilt-uppressure.Hisentirejobwasstaringatthemachinesallday,anincrediblyboringtask.The“l(fā)azy”boy,however,inventedanautomaticreleasethatletthepumprunproperly,winninghisfreedom—andindoingso,creatingthefirstautomaticsteamengine.Thoughthestorymaybefictional,theboy’sbehaviorreflectsadeepertruth:Whenwefeellazy,weoftenlookforeasierways,tryingtoimproveprocessesandsavetimeandeffort.Inotherwords,lazinesscandriveinnovation.Inrecentyears,somepsychologistsandbusinessleadershavecometograspthisinsight,shiftingourviewofwhatlazinessreallymeans.WalterChryslerissaidtohavenoted:“Ialwayschoosealazypersontodoahardjobbecausealazypersonwillfindaneasywaytodoit.”O(jiān)urbrainsarenaturallyinclinedtowardlaziness.Unlikeourancestors,whohadtoconserveenergytocompeteforfood,fleepredators,andfight,wenolongerfacesurvivalasadailyconcern.Itmightseemnaturaltobe“l(fā)azier,”buttheoppositehashappened.AccordingtotheU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,Americansnowsleeplessandworkmorethanbefore;workerproductivityhasrisen400percentsince1950.Ourcultureteachesusthatourworthdependsonhowhardwework.Sowepushevenhardertoproducemore.Yetthere’sabig,sadparadox:Theharderwework,thelessproductivewebecome.Whendemandsrise,wetendtopushharder.Butwithoutrestandrecharge,wegrowlessefficient,makemoremistakes,andfeellessengaged.Sohowcanwemakelabormoremeaningfulandlifemorefulfilling?Currentresearchinpsychologyandneurosciencepointstovaluingawanderingmind.Takebreaks,letthoughtsdrift—learntobeidle.Thisweek,noticedowntimeinyourday,emptyspacesonyourcalendar.Insteadoffillingthemwithmorework,justsitonthesofaandbe,aspoetMaryOliverputit,“idleandblessed.”4．（2分）Whatistheauthor’sattitudetotheboyopeningthevalve?A．Dismissive.B．Supportive.C．Ambiguous.D．Doubtful.5．（2分）Whatcanbeconcludedfromparagraph4?A．Contemporarysocietyrespectscreativity.B．Americansarelivingaworselifethanbefore.C．Ourancestorsconsideredworkunbearable.D．Peoplenowadaysstillneedtostrugglewithpoverty.6．（2分）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“paradox”inparagraph5mean?A．Wildimagination.B．Unclearexplanation.C．Strangecontradiction.D．Rarephenomenon.7．（2分）Whatistheauthor’spurposewritingthetext?A．Comparetheoldandnewviewsonlaziness.B．Criticizeirresponsibleattitudetowardshardwork.C．Advisepeopletoabandonthevalueofhardwork.D．Inspirepeopletostayrefreshedforbetterworkandlife.[8分]Seeingorhearingsomeoneyawncanmakeyouyawn.Thisphenomenonisnotlimitedtohumans;someanimalsexperiencecontagiousyawning,too.Butwhyisyawningcontagious?Braincellscalledmirrorneurons(鏡像神經(jīng)元),whichrespondtoactionsthatweobserveinothers,mayplayarole.“Whenyouseesomeoneyawn,thoseneuronsfireup,”saidAndrewGallup,aprofessorofbehavioralbiology.Thismechanismmayexplainwhyyawningspreadssoeasilywithinsocialgroups.Researchhasalsoshownthatpeopleandanimalsaremorelikelytoyawninresponsetoyawnsfromfamiliarindividualscomparedwithstrangers.Forexample,ina2013study,dogsyawnedmorefrequentlywhenwatchingtheirowneryawnthanwhenwatchingastrangeryawn.Thispattern,knownasthe“familiaritybias”,islikelydrivenbyattentionalbiases,asindividualsnaturallypaycloserattentiontothosewithintheirsocialcircles.Onehypothesis(假說)isthatcontagiousyawningevolvedtoboostthreatdetectionwithingroups.Ina2007studypublishedinEvolutionaryPsychology,Gallupandcolleaguesfoundthatyawninghelpscoolthebrain.Thiscoolingeffectmayimprovealertnessandmentalprocessingefficiencyintheyawner.Ifyawningspreadsthroughagroup,itcouldhelpenhancethegroup’sthreatawareness,theteamproposed.Anotherhypothesisisthatcontagiousyawningevolvedtokeepgroupsinsync.Yawnsfollowanaturalrhythmandoftensignaltransitionsbetweenactivities.So,whenyawningspreadswithinagroup,groupmembersareconsistentinactivitypatternsandbehavior.SupportforthishypothesiscomesfromarecentstudyonwildAfricanlions.Theresearchersobservedyawnsfrom19lionsandtrackedtheconnectionbetweencontagiousyawningandbehavioralconsistency—whenindividualsshowthesamechangesinbehavior.Theresultswerestriking:Lionsthat“caught”ayawnfromanotherlionwere11timesmorelikelytomirrorthemovementsofthelionthatyawnedfirst,comparedwithlionswhohadn’tcaughttheyawn.Attheendoftheday,contagiousyawningislessaboutbeingtiredandmoreaboutconnection.“It’syourbrain’squietwayofgettingintunewiththepeople(andsometimespets)aroundyou.”8．（2分）Whatisthemechanismofcontagiousyawning?A．Drawingspecialattentiontofamiliarindividuals.B．Activatingthemirrorneuronstoreduceyawning.C．Triggeringmirrorneuronstoimitateobservedactions.D．Observingsimilaractionstomakeconstantresponses.9．（2分）Whatcanbeinferredfromparagraph3?A．Familiaritybiasstimulatesgroupbehavior.B．Socialbondsdrivecontagiousyawning.C．Fullattentiondominatesyawningpatterns.D．Socialcirclesgrabmoregroupattention.10．（2分）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“insync”inparagraph5mean?A．Atthesamefrequency. B．Inclosecooperation.C．Withthesamebehavior. D．Insimilarcircumstances.11．（2分）Whyisyawningcontagious?A．Forprotectionofevolution. B．Inpursuitofempathy.C．Inconsequenceoftiredness. D．Inlightofconnection.三、閱讀單選（5題）（本大題共1小題，共10分）[10分]Irecentlycameacrossapostinwhichtheauthorannouncesthathehaslistedthe“objective”(客觀的)differencesbetweengoodartandbadart.Iwasveryinterestedinseeinghowthisusercouldmakeaverysubjective(主觀的)topic“objective”.WhatIsawmademelaugh.Thepostsaysthatgoodart“improvesmood,”“boostsenergy”and“clearsthemind.”Badart,ontheotherhand,“makesyoufeeluncomfortable,”“tricksthemind”and“isalwaysarguing,sad,angryandawasteoftime.”However,thispostmissesthewholepointofartcompletely.Artisn’tmeanttomakeyoufeelcomfortable.Itisn’tmeanttobewatereddownforanyaudiencetoenjoy.Itisn’tmeanttomakeheavysubjectslightersothatwecanallstaycalmandhappy.It’ssomuchmorethanthat.I’mmakingaguessthatmostofwhatthispostreferstoas“goodart”isclassicalartpieces.Butmuchofclassicalartisn’tjustsunshineandrainbows.Onepaintingfromaclassically-trainedpainter,“IvantheTerribleandhisSonIvan”byIlyaRepin,makesmefeelhorribleeverytimeIseeit.ThelookofabsolutefearontheelderIvan’sfacedoesn’tnecessarilyliftmyenergy.Classicalartsuchasthisisfantasticbeauty-wise,butitdoesn’tnecessarilymakeyoufeelbetter.Butevenuglierart—artthatisn’tobjectivelybeautifulandmakesyouuncomfortable—isstillart.AgreatexampleisthefilmsofDavidCronenberg.He’soneofmyfavoriteartistsofalltime—notbecausehisfilmsupliftme.Ifanything,myenjoymentofhisfilmscomesfromthefactthattheymakemefeelsobad.WhatmakesCronenbergsoamazingisthathemakestheuncomfortableandthestrangeintomasterpieces.Ienduplikinghisfilms,evenlovingthem,eventhoughtheyoftenmakemefeelverybad.Art,whetherittakestheformoffilm,painting,sculptureornoneoftheabove,isapersonalexpressionoftheartist.Asallofusknow,noteveryfeelingwehaveisgood.Thereisaplaceandapurposeforexploringboththedarkandlightsidesofhumanity.Ifyoudon’tenjoyapieceofart,that’sfine!Youdon’thavetoenjoyitjustbecauseitiscalledartbyothers.Artis,objectively,subjective.Plentyofpeoplewilltrytotellyouwhat“goodart”is.Youdon’thavetofollowtheirguidelines,though.MakeyourownboxesDecidingwhatartisforyourselfistheverybeautyofcreation.12．（2分）Whatdoestheunderlinedphraseinparagraph3mostprobablymean?A．Becomforted. B．Bepresented.C．Beweakened. D．Bedecorated.13．（2分）TheartistIlyaRepinandhisworkarementionedinparagraph4to________.A．raiseaquestion B．a(chǎn)rgueapointC．makeacomparison D．introduceatopic14．（2分）WhatcanweinferaboutDavidCronenberg’sfilms?A．Theyarenotlikedbymany. B．Theyareofgreatartisticquality.C．Theyareupliftingandenjoyable. D．Theyarecreatedtomakepeopleangry.15．（2分）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Goodartalwaysmakesusuncomfortable. B．Goodartexpressesthefeelingsofaudiences.C．Goodartisnotsupposedtobeenjoyedbyall. D．Goodartcanbedefinedbyexperiencedexperts.16．（2分）Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．JudgingArt:TheLinebetweenGoodandBadB．StudyingArt:TheFeaturesofClassicandModernC．EnjoyingArt:TheAcceptanceofStrangeandUncomfortableD．CreatingArt:TheBalancebetweenSubjectiveandObjective四、完形（20空）（本大題共1小題，共40分）[40分]Foralmosteverytraveler,cultureshockisunavoidable.Butcultureshockisn’talwaysa17thing.Itcanbeanindicationthatyou’regrowing.Thenew18stretchyourmindabouttheworld—differentlanguages,cultures,customsarejustafewwaysatravelcultureshockcan19.Ifyou’reableto20thecultureshock,thenyouwillbeopento21theseforeignexperiences.WhenItraveledtoEgypt,Iknewneithertheirlanguagenorwhattoexpect.AllI22wasit’sconservative.WhenIlanded,IreallyfeltasthoughI’dbeen23toanotherworld.Thebiggestshockformewasthelackof24ontheroad,horsesonthesidetransportinggoods,threepeople25onaone-personmotorcycle,fourlanesbutsixcarscrowdingin—anything26!Onthefirstnight,somethingfrighteninghappened.Averyloud27voicewentoffatmidnight.Ifelt28forthefirstfewsecondsuntilIrealizeditwastheadhan(禱告).Ithengotusedtoitandadmiredthelocalsforthewaythey29theirtimetoensuretheycouldcompletetheadhan.Asawoman,another30ofminewasensuringIfollowedtheEgyptiandressstylesanddressed31.Nomatterhowconservativemydressthough,Icouldn’thelpbut32,especiallywithmybrightredhair!WhileIdidgetabitofunwanted33(mostlybyschoolgirlswantingtotakemypicture),travelingdefinitelygavemea34culturalexperience.I’vesincetraveledseveraltimesandalwaysmanagedto35thingstobeshockedabout,butIlovecontinuallybeingsurprisedbythe36ofEgypt—theNileandthemysteriouspyramids!17．（2分）A．common B．simple C．pleasant D．bad18．（2分）A．indicators B．breakthroughs C．experiences D．policies19．（2分）A．change B．exist C．continue D．spread20．（2分）A．a(chǎn)daptto B．markout C．takein D．focuson21．（2分）A．sharing B．remembering C．enjoying D．recording22．（2分）A．imagined B．knew C．needed D．wanted23．（2分）A．invited B．related C．a(chǎn)ttached D．transported24．（2分）A．signs B．vehicles C．rules D．lights25．（2分）A．relaxing B．a(chǎn)rguing C．riding D．a(chǎn)cting26．（2分）A．went B．disappeared C．stopped D．dragged27．（2分）A．foreign B．familiar C．gentle D．nervous28．（2分）A．disappointed B．terrified C．bored D．embarrassed29．（2分）A．ignored B．limited C．shortened D．a(chǎn)rranged30．（2分）A．fear B．pity C．a(chǎn)dvantage D．secret31．（2分）A．casually B．unnaturally C．respectfully D．fashionably32．（2分）A．givein B．standout C．hideaway D．watchout33．（2分）A．care B．loneliness C．bonus D．a(chǎn)ttention34．（2分）A．different B．vital C．subjective D．disturbing35．（2分）A．create B．find C．prove D．confirm36．（2分）A．size B．capital C．people D．beauty五、七選五閱讀（本大題共1小題，共10分）[10分]Thepathtohealthyweightcombinestwokeyelements.Exerciseandeatinghabitsformitsfoundation.Somebelievetheydemandlotsofeffortorplanning.Butthat’snottrue.Infact,thebestwaytoworkthemintoourlivesisbymakingsmallchangesthatgraduallybecomepartofourroutine.37（2分）RegularExerciseTeensshouldget60+minutesofdailyphysicalactivity.38（2分）Allthatmattersisthateachweekyougettherightbalanceofactivity,includingdancing,briskwalking,orstair-climbing.Breakingworkoutsinto15-minute“exercisesnacks”(e.g.,morningyoga,lunchtimewalks)throughoutthedaymakesgoalsmoreachievable.Thisstrategyavoidsburnoutwhilekeepingenergysteady.GoodEatingHabits39（2分）Actually,crashdietscauseweightrebounds.A2022studyfound80%ofteensregainedweightpost-diet.Therefore,teensshouldeatavarietyoffoods,andthere’snothingwrongwiththeoccasionaltreat.Acandybarsomehowbeatssnappingdaily.Tobuildlastinghabits,reshapeyourmindset.40（2分）Whenstressed,trybriefwalksratherthanreachingforsnacks.Trackweeklyprogresswithachecklist—smallachievementsboostmotivationstrongly.Inconclusion,creativelydesignroutinesblendingexerciseandnutritioninyourownway.41（2分）Whileotherschoosegymworkouts,youmightpreferplayingFrisbeewithyourdog.Knowingwhat’srightforyouwillmakeitaloteasiertodo!A．You’realldifferentafterall.B．Independencemattersinhabit-building.C．Viewfoodasfuel,notemotionalcomfort.D．Low-caloriedietsensuresteadyweightloss.E．Eatingwelldoesn’tmeandietingoverandover.F．Itdoesn’tmeandoingtoughexercisesorhittingthegym.G．Here’showtomaketheseotherhealthyhabitsjustaseasy.六、其他閱讀題型（本大題共1小題，共10分）[10分]根據(jù)下列句子語境從所給詞塊中選擇合適的詞塊填空，所給詞塊中有兩個(gè)多余。A．offercongratulationsB．tosweepawayC．havethepatiencetoD．MakepreparationsE.InformationtechnologyF.togatheraroundG.Calmdown42．（2分）foraminuteandlistentome.43．（2分）IwritetoyoutoandIwishyougreatersuccessandfulfillmentintheyearsahead.44．（2分）Mymother’scleaningourhousebadluck.45．（2分）haschangedthewaywelive,studyandworktoday.46．（2分）Idon’ttoexplainittoyouoverandoveragain.七、單句（本大題共1小題，共2分）47．[2分]Manynewproblems(arise)whenthemarketsnearbywereclosed.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)八、語篇（本大題共1小題，共20分）[20分]閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Recently,IShowSpeed,48（2分）USinfluencer,hastakenChinesesocialmediabystormthroughhisongoingChinatravel.Duetohis49（2分）(extreme)activebehavioroncamera,ChinesenetizensnicknamedhimJiaKangGe—ahumorousreference50（2分）hiswildlyenergeticpublicimage.HeembarkedonhisChinajourneyinShanghai,abustlingfinancialcenter,51（2分）hestreamedliveformorethansixhoursmarvelingatthecity’stoweringskylineandvibrantstreets.WhentravellingtotheShaolinTemple52（2分）(pursue)hiskungfudream,hewaswarmlywelcomedbykungfumasterLiangXiaolong,whotaughthimmartialartsandsharedalifephilosophy53（2分）(shape)byyearsofhardtraining.UnlikethenegativeimagesoftenshownbysomeWesternmedia,IShowSpeed’suneditedandauthenticshowsrevealwhatChinaisreallylike,54（2分）(change)howmanyglobalviewersseethecountry.“Afterwatchingthisvideo,IrealizedhowfoolishmypreviousviewsonChinawere.”aYouTubeusercommented.Sincethetrip,manyChinesemedia55（2分）(praise)himasabridgebetweencultures.IShowSpeed’sjourneyinChinaisnotjustapersonaladventurebutasignificantexampleof56（2分）socialmediacanencourageculturalexchangeandchallengestereotype(刻板印象),ashisauthenticcontentprovidesaglimpseintoChina’scultural57（2分）(diverse)anddynamicsociety.九、應(yīng)用文寫作（本大題共1小題，共16分）58．[16分]假設(shè)你是校學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，學(xué)校下周將舉辦“走進(jìn)新農(nóng)村(ExploringNewRuralChina)”研學(xué)活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你用英語寫一份通知。內(nèi)容包括：1.時(shí)間地點(diǎn)；2.活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；3.注意事項(xiàng)。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫Notice____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________十、讀后續(xù)寫（本大題共1小題，共20分）59．[20分]閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語，續(xù)寫兩段使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Anotherwildlybrightlightningalongwithathundercrackedinthesky!MaryswiftlythrewherselfintoherMum’sarms,buryingherfaceintoherchestandtremblingwithfright.“Ithinkweshouldleavehererightaway!”Shemurmuredinacryingtone.Instantly,Dadrefusedherrequestagainforthefactthatthecityhadalreadybeenfloodedseverely.Ashesawthroughtheirwindow,thealmostthree-meter-highfloodwaterhadalreadysurroundedtheapartmentbuildinglikeawideriver,severalcarsfloatingonitjustlikeboats.“Blackout!”Marygaspedfearfully,thewindroaringandtherainbeatingontheroofandwindows,whichmadeherevenmorenervousinthewholedarkness.MumtookMary’shandandcarefullyledhertositonthesofa,tryingherbesttocomforther.Whilesheperformedcalmly,Marycouldtellshewasnervoustoo.“Let’strytofindalightsourcefirstandthenseewhatothersupplieswehave.”Dadmadeanarrangement.Luckily,therewasaflashlight,somepackagesofinstantnoodles,breadandsomedrinkingwater,whichmayhelpthemgetthroughthetoughnessforthehalfofthenight.Withoutsayingasingleword,Dadturnedontheflashlight,satdownandhuggedhiswifeanddaughter.Thesuddensilenceinthehouseseemedtomakethewindandrainmorefrighteningoutside.Onlythelightoftheflashlightcouldnowgivethemsomewarmthandasenseoflittlehope.“WhataboutMrs.Thomson?Oldandweak,shemustbeextremelyhelpless.”Mumsaidwithgreatconcernwhenshethoughtabouttheirniceneighborwholivedaloneupstairsofthesamebuilding.Afterabriefdiscussion,MumandDaddecidedtheyshouldgoandcheckwhetherMrs.Thomsonwasfire.Mary,withheavybreathandpoundingheart,stoodupimmediately,readytobringalltheirsuppliestoMrs.Thomson’shouse.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Inthedarkness,theysupportedeachotherandwentupstairsstepbystepwiththelightoftheflashlight.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Suddenly,abunchofsearchinglightfromarescueboatflashedacrossMrs.Thomson’swindow.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案一、閱讀單選（3題）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】交通、應(yīng)用文、文章出處、細(xì)節(jié)理解、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度【答案】1．B2．B3．D【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了昆士蘭幾條適合短途徒步的路線及其特色?！驹斀狻?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)AirlieCreekTrack,TheWhitsundays部分中“Accessibility:Notwheelchairaccessible.(無障礙設(shè)施：輪椅不可通行。)”可知，對(duì)于行動(dòng)不便的人來說，AirlieCreekTrack是完全無法到達(dá)的。故選B。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)NaturalBridgeCircuit,GoldCoast部分中“Wanderamongstprehistoricjungle,Jurassic-periodhooppines,andtumblingwaterfallsinSpringbrookNationalPark,partoftheUNESCOWorldHeritage-listedGondwanaRainforests.(在SpringbrookNationalPark的史前叢林、侏羅紀(jì)時(shí)期的環(huán)狀松樹和瀑布間漫步，這里是聯(lián)合國教科文組織世界遺產(chǎn)名錄上的岡瓦納雨林的一部分。)”可知，熱衷于探索茂密雨林的游客最有可能喜歡NaturalBridgeCircuit。故選B。3．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Queensland’sBestShortWalks(昆士蘭最佳短途徒步路線)”可知，文章主要介紹了昆士蘭幾條適合短途徒步的路線及其特色，因此文章可能來自旅游手冊(cè)。故選D。二、閱讀單選（4題）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】哲理感悟、生活故事、目的意圖、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、議論文、詞義猜測(cè)【答案】4．B5．B6．C7．D【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章借男孩發(fā)明自動(dòng)蒸汽發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的故事引出“懶惰能驅(qū)動(dòng)創(chuàng)新”觀點(diǎn)，指出當(dāng)下人們雖大腦傾向懶惰卻工作更努力，陷入努力工作但效率降低的矛盾，建議人們學(xué)會(huì)休息放空，讓工作和生活更有意義。【詳解】4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thoughthestorymaybefictional,theboy’sbehaviorreflectsadeepertruth:Whenwefeellazy,weoftenlookforeasierways,tryingtoimproveprocessesandsavetimeandeffort.Inotherwords,lazinesscandriveinnovation.(雖然這個(gè)故事可能是虛構(gòu)的，但這個(gè)男孩的行為反映了一個(gè)更深層次的事實(shí)：當(dāng)我們感到懶惰時(shí)，我們通常會(huì)尋找更簡單的方法，試圖改善流程，節(jié)省時(shí)間和精力。換句話說，懶惰可以推動(dòng)創(chuàng)新。)”可推斷作者對(duì)男孩這種看似懶惰實(shí)則創(chuàng)新的行為是支持的。故選B。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Ourbrainsarenaturallyinclinedtowardlaziness.Unlikeourancestors,whohadtoconserveenergytocompeteforfood,fleepredators,andfight,wenolongerfacesurvivalasadailyconcern.Itmightseemnaturaltobe“l(fā)azier,”buttheoppositehashappened.AccordingtotheU.S.BureauofLaborStatistics,Americansnowsleeplessandworkmorethanbefore;workerproductivityhasrisen400percentsince1950.Ourcultureteachesusthatourworthdependsonhowhardwework.Sowepushevenhardertoproducemore.(我們的大腦天生就傾向于懶惰。與我們的祖先不同，他們必須保存能量來爭(zhēng)奪食物，逃離掠食者，并進(jìn)行戰(zhàn)斗，我們不再把生存作為日常關(guān)注的問題?！案鼞小彼坪鹾茏匀?，但事實(shí)恰恰相反。根據(jù)美國勞工統(tǒng)計(jì)局的數(shù)據(jù)，美國人現(xiàn)在比以前睡得更少，工作得更多；自1950年以來，工人的生產(chǎn)率提高了400%。我們的文化告訴我們，我們的價(jià)值取決于我們工作的努力程度。因此，我們更加努力地生產(chǎn)更多產(chǎn)品。)”指出美國人睡眠更少、工作時(shí)間更長且生產(chǎn)率激增但文化過度推崇“價(jià)值取決于努力工作”。此現(xiàn)象暗示生活壓力增大，所以美國人的生活比以前更糟糕。故選B。6．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞下文“Theharderwework,thelessproductivewebecome.(我們工作越努力，效率卻越低)”可知，工作越努力，效率卻越低，是一種奇怪的矛盾情況，所以“paradox”意思是“Strangecontradiction(奇怪的矛盾)”，故選C。7．推理判斷題。文章先闡述懶惰能驅(qū)動(dòng)創(chuàng)新，接著指出人們工作中努力卻低效的問題，再根據(jù)最后一段“Sohowcanwemakelabormoremeaningfulandlifemorefulfilling?Currentresearchinpsychologyandneurosciencepointstovaluingawanderingmind.Takebreaks,letthoughtsdrift—learntobeidle.Thisweek,noticedowntimeinyourday,emptyspacesonyourcalendar.Insteadoffillingthemwithmorework,justsitonthesofaandbe,aspoetMaryOliverputit,“idleandblessed.”(那么，我們?cè)鯓硬拍茏寗趧?dòng)更有意義，讓生活更充實(shí)呢？目前心理學(xué)和神經(jīng)科學(xué)的研究表明，人們重視走神。休息一下，讓思緒飄散——學(xué)會(huì)閑散。這周，注意你一天中的休息時(shí)間，日歷上的空白時(shí)間。與其用更多的工作填滿它們，不如坐在沙發(fā)上，像詩人瑪麗·奧利弗所說的那樣，“悠閑而幸福”)”可推斷作者目的是激勵(lì)人們保持精神飽滿，以獲得更好的工作和生活。故選D?！局R(shí)點(diǎn)】日?；顒?dòng)、細(xì)節(jié)理解、觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度、詞義猜測(cè)、說明文【答案】8．C9．B10．C11．D【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要探討了打哈欠會(huì)傳染的原因?！驹斀狻?．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Braincellscalledmirrorneurons(鏡像神經(jīng)元),whichrespondtoactionsthatweobserveinothers,mayplayarole.“Whenyouseesomeoneyawn,thoseneuronsfireup,”saidAndrewGallup,aprofessorofbehavioralbiology.Thismechanismmayexplainwhyyawningspreadssoeasilywithinsocialgroups.(一種叫做鏡像神經(jīng)元的腦細(xì)胞，對(duì)我們觀察到的他人的行為做出反應(yīng)，這可能起到了一定作用。行為生物學(xué)教授安德魯?蓋洛普說：“當(dāng)你看到有人打哈欠時(shí)，那些神經(jīng)元就會(huì)被激活”這種機(jī)制可以解釋為什么打哈欠在社會(huì)群體中如此容易傳播)”可知，打哈欠傳染的機(jī)制是觸發(fā)鏡像神經(jīng)元來模仿觀察到的打哈欠行為。故選C。9．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Researchhasalsoshownthatpeopleandanimalsaremorelikelytoyawninresponsetoyawnsfromfamiliarindividualscomparedwithstrangers.Forexample,ina2013study,dogsyawnedmorefrequentlywhenwatchingtheirowneryawnthanwhenwatchingastrangeryawn.Thispattern,knownasthe“familiaritybias”,islikelydrivenbyattentionalbiases,asindividualsnaturallypaycloserattentiontothosewithintheirsocialcircles.(研究還表明，與面對(duì)陌生人打哈欠相比，人和動(dòng)物更有可能對(duì)熟悉個(gè)體的哈欠做出回應(yīng)，跟著打哈欠。例如，在2013年的一項(xiàng)研究中，狗看到主人打哈欠時(shí)，比看到陌生人打哈欠時(shí)，打哈欠的頻率更高。這種模式被稱為“熟悉度偏見”，它很可能是由注意力偏差導(dǎo)致的，因?yàn)閭€(gè)體自然會(huì)更關(guān)注自己社交圈子里的對(duì)象)”可知，人們和動(dòng)物對(duì)熟悉個(gè)體的打哈欠更容易產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)，說明社交聯(lián)系推動(dòng)了打哈欠的傳染。故選B。10．詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第五段“So,whenyawningspreadswithinagroup,groupmembersareconsistentinactivitypatternsandbehavior.(因此，當(dāng)打哈欠在一個(gè)群體中傳播時(shí)，群體成員在活動(dòng)模式和行為上是一致的)”以及“Theresultswerestriking:Lionsthat‘caught’ayawnfromanotherlionwere11timesmorelikelytomirrorthemovementsofthelionthatyawnedfirst,comparedwithlionswhohadn’tcaughttheyawn.(結(jié)果令人震驚：與沒有被傳染打哈欠的獅子相比，被其他獅子傳染打哈欠的獅子模仿先打哈欠獅子動(dòng)作的可能性要高出11倍)”可知，“insync”指的是群體成員有相同的行為。故選C。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Attheendoftheday,contagiousyawningislessaboutbeingtiredandmoreaboutconnection.(歸根結(jié)底，打哈欠傳染與其說是因?yàn)槠?，不如說是關(guān)于聯(lián)系)”可知，打哈欠傳染是因?yàn)槁?lián)系。故選D。三、閱讀單選（5題）【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】情節(jié)發(fā)展、文章標(biāo)題、短語猜測(cè)、藝術(shù)、議論文【答案】12．C13．B14．B15．C16．A【分析】本文是一篇議論文。文章針對(duì)有人列出“好藝術(shù)”與“壞藝術(shù)”的客觀區(qū)別這一觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行反駁，指出藝術(shù)是主觀的，不應(yīng)被他人的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)所束縛?！驹斀狻?2．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itisn’tmeanttobewatereddownforanyaudiencetoenjoy.Itisn’tmeanttomakeheavysubjectslightersothatwecanallstaycalmandhappy.(它不是為了……以讓任何觀眾都能欣賞。它不是為了讓沉重的主題變得輕松，以便我們都能保持平靜和快樂)”可知，這里說藝術(shù)不應(yīng)該被“watereddown”，結(jié)合后文“tomakeheavysubjectslighter”提到“不應(yīng)該讓沉重主題變輕松”可推知，“watere