主題群二做人與做事主題1

MoralsandVirtues道德與美德英語2026高中總復習優(yōu)化設(shè)計GAOZHONGZONGFUXIYOUHUASHEJI內(nèi)容索引主題詞匯主題語篇主題寫作主題詞匯詞匯認知項目課標詞匯非課標詞匯補充詞匯名詞(n.)moral

virtue

marriage

majority

feeresponse

scholarship

hire

physician

clinic

election

decade

staff

saving

kindergarten

principle

insurance

accidentoperation

whisper

midnight

import

export

pole

lap

bite

chairmanmemory

chain

café

tear

harm

court

income

tensiondilemma

tuition

union

colleague

rejection

lip

waitress

disguise

maple

cart

despair

might

fablecharity

whale

professor

position

solution

percent

chemical

creature

effectaccommodation

idiom

authoritysource

photographer

button

shock

element

variety

path

image

reaction

file項目課標詞匯非課標詞匯補充詞匯動詞(v.)illustrate

complain

respond

hirereject

tend

publish

retire

scarereplace

whisper

import

export

biteharmfaint

entrust

appoint

electassist

disguise

spill

limpdespairseek

determine

crashdestroy

survive

found

recoverconcentrate

freeze

stare

capture形容詞(adj.)moral

precious

passive

sharpenergetic

flexiblefaint

faraway

scared

pregnantAtlantic

annualamazing副詞(adv.)elsewhere

therefore

eventually介詞(prep.)per

項目課標詞匯非課標詞匯補充詞匯短語(phr.)moraldilemmacarrysbthroughsthinneedofattimesplayakeyroleberesponsiblefortreat...as...beknownasnot...anymoretendtodosthatmidnightpassawayinmemoryofonceuponatimecrashintopickoneselfuptripoverintearsneither...nor...makeanattempttodoindespairagreatdeal(of)succeedindoingbelongtokilltwobirdswithonestonewhenthecat’saway(themicewillplay)holdyourhorsesraincatsanddogsbravetheelements詞匯拓展1.moraladj.道德的;道義上的n.品行;道德;寓意→

adv.道德上;道義上→

n.道德;道德準則

2.illustratevt.(舉例)說明;闡明;給(書或文章)加插圖→

n.示例;插圖

3.marriagen.結(jié)婚;婚姻→

vt.娶;嫁;為……主持婚禮→

adj.已婚的

4.majorityn.大部分;大多數(shù)→

adj.主要的

5.complainvi.&vt.抱怨;發(fā)牢騷→

n.抱怨;投訴

6.respondvt.回答;回復vi.做出反應;回應→

n.反應;回答;答復

morallymoralityillustrationmarrymarriedmajorcomplaintresponse7.scholarshipn.獎學金→

n.學者

8.rejectvt.拒絕接受;不錄用→

n.否決

9.electvt.選舉;推選→

n.選舉;推選;當選

10.tendvt.照顧;照料vi.傾向;趨于→

n.趨勢

11.publishvt.發(fā)表(作品);出版→

n.出版(業(yè));發(fā)行(業(yè))

12.retirevi.&vt.退休;退職;退出→

n.退休

13.savingn.節(jié)省物;節(jié)省;節(jié)約;[pl.]儲蓄金;存款→

vi.&vt.節(jié)省;儲蓄

14.passiveadj.被動的;順從的→

adj.主動的;積極的

15.scaredadj.害怕的;對……感到驚慌或恐懼的→

vt.驚嚇;使害怕vi.受驚嚇→

adj.令人害怕的

scholarrejectionelectiontendencypublishingretirementsavepositivescarescary16.sharpadj.(增長、下跌等)急劇的;鋒利的;明顯的→

vt.使尖銳

17.insurancen.保險;保險業(yè)→

vi.&vt.投保;給……保險

18.energeticadj.精力充沛的;充滿活力的→

n.精力;活力

19.replacevt.接替;取代;更換→

n.代替

20.operationn.手術(shù);企業(yè);經(jīng)營→

vi.運轉(zhuǎn);經(jīng)營;動手術(shù)→

n.接線員;經(jīng)營者

21.importn.進口;進口商品vt.進口;輸入;引進→

n.出口;出口商品vt.出口;輸出;傳播

22.memoryn.記憶力;回憶→

vt.記憶;記住

sharpeninsureenergyreplacementoperateoperatorexportmemorise23.harmn.&vt.傷害;損害→

adj.有害的→

adj.無害的25.tensionn.緊張關(guān)系;緊張;焦慮→

adj.緊張的

harmfulharmlesstense詞匯應用用適當?shù)膯卧~填空1.Toapersonnothingismore

(寶貴的)thantheirlife.

2.In1954,shewaselectedtothefirstNationalPeople’sCongressand,overthenextseveral

(十年),sheheldmanyimportantpositions.

3.Shewasmoreinterestedintendingpatients,

(發(fā)表)medicalresearchoncareforwomenandchildren,andtrainingthenextgenerationofdoctors.

4.Whatwasthemain

(原則)guidingDrLinthroughthechoicesinherlife?

preciousdecadespublishingprinciple5.Manystudieshaveshownthatshy,passivechildrentendtobesocially

(拒絕接受)bytheirclassmates.

6.ManyAmericanscomplainedaboutthesharpincreaseinthecostofhealthcareandhealth

(保險)recently.

7.Oneoftheadvantagesofhiring

(精力充沛的)andpositiveyoungpeopleisthattheytendtoshowinterestintheirworkandtheyareeagertolearn.

8.ThestudentunionwillholdaspecialmeetinginJanuarytoelectsomeoneto

(接替)thesecretary.

rejectedinsuranceenergeticreplace9.Duringthe

(手術(shù)),shesatinthewaitingroomforoveranhourworryingabouthim.

10.Isawher

(低語)somethingintohisear,obviouslynotwantingtobeheard.

11.Facinghigher

(進口)and

(出口)costs,thecompanyislookingforwaystosurvive.

12.Inresponsetoaquestionabout

(緊張關(guān)系)betweendoctorsandpatients,somerespondentscomplainedthatmisleadingmediareportsaboutdoctorshavegreatlyharmedsociety,causingthepublictodistrustmedicalworkers.

operationwhisperingimportexporttensions主題語篇考點淺析1.In

1941,

Dr

Lin

became

the

first

Chinese

woman

ever

to

be

appointed

director

of

the

OB-GYN

department

of

the

PUMC

Hospital,

but

just

a

few

months

later,

the

department

was

closed

because

of

the

war.1941年,

林醫(yī)生成為北京協(xié)和醫(yī)學院婦產(chǎn)科的首位中國籍女主任,

但是僅僅數(shù)月之后,

婦產(chǎn)科就因為戰(zhàn)爭而關(guān)閉?！咎釤挕縯he+序數(shù)詞+動詞不定式做定語【淺析】當名詞前有序數(shù)詞first/second/third...或last等修飾,其后需非謂語動詞做定語時,常用動詞不定式?！痉聦憽?1)楊利偉是中國第一位進入太空的航天員。(2)這些是最后一批要發(fā)給學生的閱讀材料。YangLiweiisthefirstChineseastronautinspace.Thesearethelastreadingmaterialstobehandedouttothestudents.2.The

new

People’s

Republic

of

China

saw

Dr

Lin

Qiaozhi

playing

a

key

role.中華人民共和國成立后,林巧稚醫(yī)生發(fā)揮了更大的作用。【提煉】時間、地點名詞+see/find/witness/notice(做謂語動詞)...【淺析】在英語中,有時用時間或地點名詞做主語,動詞see,find,witness,look,notice等做謂語動詞,表示

“……看見了/發(fā)現(xiàn)了/目睹了……”等含義,這些寫作手法被稱作擬人,在具體翻譯時,一般把主語翻譯成相應的時間狀語或地點狀語?！痉聦憽?1)近年來人們的社會流動性越來越大。(2)他獨自一人漫無目的地在空蕩蕩的操場上徘徊。Recentyearshavewitnessedagrowingsocialmobility.Theemptyplaygroundnoticedhimwanderingaloneandaimlessly.3.Though

Lin

Qiaozhi

never

married,

she

was

known

as

the

“mother

of

ten

thousand

babies”,

having

delivered

over

50,000

babies

in

her

lifetime.雖然林巧稚終身未婚,

但是她被稱為“萬嬰之母”,

她一生中親手接生的嬰兒有五萬多名。【提煉】havingdone...【淺析】havingdone是動詞-ing形式的完成式,做狀語時表示該動作在句子謂語動詞表示的動作之前已發(fā)生或完成,其被動形式為havingbeendone?！痉聦憽?1)確保所有的習題都認真檢查過之后,他交上了試卷。(2)與他父母分離多年之后,他十分渴望回到家鄉(xiāng)。Havingmadesurealltheexerciseswerecheckedcarefully,hehandedinhispaper.Havingbeenseparatedfromhisparentsformanyyears,hehadastrongdesiretogobacktohishometown.4.After

a

while,

a

group

of

women

came

along,

each

balancing

a

pot

of

water

on

her

head.過了一會兒,

一群婦女走了過來,

每個人頭上都頂著一罐水。【提煉】獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)【淺析】eachbalancingapotofwateronherhead是

“代詞+動詞-ing形式短語”構(gòu)成的獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)。獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)成一般為:名詞/代詞+介詞(短語)/非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞形式的選擇根據(jù)以下原則:(1)當名詞/代詞與非謂語動詞之間為動賓關(guān)系時,用動詞-ed形式;(2)當名詞/代詞與非謂語動詞之間為主謂關(guān)系時,表示將來的動作用動詞不定式(todo/tobedone),表示正在進行的或當前的動作時用動詞-ing形式。值得注意的是,獨立主格結(jié)構(gòu)與句子其他成分之間沒有并列連詞或從屬連詞?！痉聦憽?1)我今天給你三本書,其他的明天給你。(2)蝙蝠的壽命很長,有的長達四十年。Igiveyouthreebookstoday,theresttofollowtomorrow.Batshaveaverylongspanoflife,somelivingaslongas40years.語篇再現(xiàn)Passage

1Asafive-year-oldgirl,LinQiaozhiwas1.

(deep)affectedbyhermother’sdeath.Atage18,insteadoffollowingthetraditionalpathofmarriagelikethe2.

(major)ofgirls,shechosetoworkandstudy.“Whyshouldgirlslearnsomuch?3.

(find)agoodhusbandshouldbetheirfinalgoal!”herbrothercomplained,thinkingofthehightuitionfees.Sheresponded,“I’dratherstaysingle4.

(study)allmylife!”Later,shewentontostudymedicineasshehadwished.

deeplymajorityFindingtostudyIn1929,LingraduatedfromPekingUnionMedicalCollege(PUMC)withtheWenhaiScholarship,thehighestprizegiventograduates.She5.

(immediate)becamethefirstwomanever6.

(hire)asaresidentphysicianintheOB-GYNdepartmentofthePUMCHospital.Withinsixmonths,she7.

(name)achiefresidentphysician,aposition8.

usuallytookfouryearstoachieve.Afterworkingforafewyears,shewassenttostudyinEuropeandthen,in1939,intheUS.Shegreatly9.

(impress)herAmericancolleagues,whoinvitedhertostay.DrLin,10.

,rejectedtheoffer.Shewantedtoservethewomenandchildrenathome.

immediatelytobehiredwasnamedthat/whichimpressedhoweverPassage

2Onceuponatimetherewasakingwhooftenthought,“Nothinggoodcancometoanation1.

peopleonlycomplainandexpectothers2.

(solve)theirproblems.”O(jiān)neday,hehadanidea.Heplacedalargestoneinthemiddleofthemainstreet3.

hidgoldcoinsunderthestone.Thenhehidbehindahugemapletreeandwatched.

Thefirstpersondownthestreetwasamilkmanwithhiscart.Hecrashedintothestone,4.

(spill)themilkeverywhere.“Whatfoolputthisstonehere?”heshouted.Hepicked5.

(him)upandangrilywentaway.

whosetosolveandspillinghimselfThekingwatchedalldayasmanypeoplecomplainedaboutthestone,buthefoundnobody6.

(make)anattempttomoveit.Thekingwas7.

despair.“Istherenooneinthisvillagewhofeelsany8.

(responsible)tokeeptheirneighboursfromharm?”

Justthen,thekingsawayounggirlcomingalong.She9._______________(work)alldayandwasverytired.Butwhenshesawthestone,shesaidtoherself,“Thisstoneisadangertoanyonewhocomesdownthestreetafterdark.I’llmoveitoutoftheway.”Thegirlpushedthestonewithallhermight.Afteragreatdealofeffort,shefinallysucceededinmovingittothesideofthestreet.Imaginehersurprisewhenshesawthegoldcoins10.

thestonehadbeen!

makinginresponsibilityhadbeenworkingwhere主題寫作寫作指導該寫作主題是“分享你關(guān)于一個道德故事的看法(Shareyouropinionsaboutamoralstory)”。這類文章屬于故事評論,考生需要先簡單介紹故事的內(nèi)容:梳理故事的起因、經(jīng)過和結(jié)果,并用一兩句話概括故事大意。然后結(jié)合生活實際闡述故事給人們的警示作用以及所蘊含的社會意義。在介紹故事內(nèi)容時盡量不使用文章原句,而是以第三人稱的語氣轉(zhuǎn)述故事的主要情節(jié)。故事評論一般分為三段:第一段梳理故事的基本信息,包括題目、故事類型、故事梗概等;第二段對故事進行分析,包括作者的目的意圖、故事的細節(jié)描寫是否到位、故事是否實現(xiàn)了它的警示目的;第三段陳述自己的觀點,包括喜歡或不喜歡故事的哪些部分,是否要把故事推薦給別人等。主題佳句1.ThesewordsofDrLinQiaozhigiveusalookintotheheartofthisamazingwoman,andwhatcarriedherthroughalifeofhardchoices.林巧稚醫(yī)生這一席話使我們得以窺見這位非凡女性的內(nèi)心世界,并了解是什么支撐她度過充滿艱難抉擇的一生。2.Shechargedverylowfeestotreatpatientsandoftenreducedcostsforpoorpatients.她向病人收取的治療費用極低,而且經(jīng)常為窮苦病人減免費用。3.Attimesshewasevenseenridingadonkeytofarawayvillagestoprovidemedicalcare.有時人們甚至會看到她騎著毛驢到遙遠的村莊給人看病。4.Sinceshehadnochildrenofherown,shelefthersavingstoakindergartenandafundfornewdoctors.由于自己沒有孩子,她把積蓄捐給了一家幼兒園和一項新醫(yī)生基金。5.Nothinggoodcancometoanationwhosepeopleonlycompl