PAGE1銜接點(diǎn)17閱讀理解命題類型解密（初高銜接點(diǎn)及差異）初中階段高中階段篇幅長度：單篇約200-300詞，段落結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。題材范圍：以日常生活、故事、應(yīng)用文（通知、郵件）為主，語言直白，少專業(yè)術(shù)語。語言難度：詞匯以課標(biāo)1600詞為主，長難句少，多簡單句或并列句。題型側(cè)重：以細(xì)節(jié)理解題為主（占比60%-70%），如：直接問答、事實(shí)判斷、數(shù)字查找。篇幅長度：單篇約300-400詞，部分高考真題可達(dá)450詞以上，段落邏輯復(fù)雜（對比、轉(zhuǎn)折頻繁）。題材范圍：拓展至科技說明文、議論文、文化批判、文學(xué)節(jié)選等，含較多專業(yè)詞匯（如科技類術(shù)語、社會科學(xué)概念）。語言難度：詞匯量提升至3000+（課標(biāo)詞匯+超綱詞），長難句密集（復(fù)合句、非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)、插入語）。銜接指引初中階段考查形式：要求學(xué)生能夠通過閱讀理解短文大意，獲取主要信息，并能做出正確判斷，以應(yīng)用文或說明文為主，細(xì)節(jié)題居多。高中階段考查形式：閱讀材料在句長方面有所提升，句子變長變難，整體閱讀難度加大。題含細(xì)節(jié)題、推理題、詞義猜測、主旨大意等。【初中閱讀理解考點(diǎn)聚焦】考查“信息抓取能力”，即能否準(zhǔn)確找到文中顯性信息。細(xì)節(jié)題為主（60%+），少量主旨題（10%-15%）一．細(xì)節(jié)理解題考查對文中具體信息（時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等）的提取能力，占比約60%，題干多含who/what/when/where/why/how等疑問詞。[示例](節(jié)選)Thesweatersdidn’tuseanychemicalmaterials,notevenglue.Aftertheshow,studentswillrecyclethewool(羊毛).Theycandomorethingswithit.“Theartisenvironmentallyfriendly,anditmakesourcityliveswarmerandmorecolorful,”saidXiaXin,oneoftheknittingartists.Whyistheartenvironmentallyfriendly?A．Becausetheplanetreeswerebeautifullydressed.B．Becausetheartmadethecitylivesmorecolorful.C．Becausetheartmadepeoplefeelthecomingofspring.D．Becausethesweatersdidn’tuseanychemicalmaterialsandwillberecycled.【答案】D【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了南京外國語學(xué)校學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)了梧桐樹的毛衣，為南京帶來了更多的溫暖?！窘馕觥考?xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thesweatersdidn’tuseanychemicalmaterials,notevenglue.Aftertheshow,studentswillrecyclethewool(羊毛).Theycandomorethingswithit.”可知，因?yàn)槊聸]有使用任何化學(xué)材料，將被回收利用。故選D。二．推理判斷題要求根據(jù)上下文邏輯推斷隱含信息（如作者意圖、事件發(fā)展趨勢），占比約20%，常見題干：Whatcanweinfer...?[示例](節(jié)選)Soinmyopinion,ifwethinkhighlyofChina’smodernwonders,Ibelieveitshigh-speedrailsystemmustbeoneofthem.Andit'sonesymbolofanewChinaandasignofChina’sstrength(實(shí)力)aswell.WhatisMike’sattitude(態(tài)度)toChinesehigh-speedrailtrain?A．Helooksdownuponit. B．Hedislikesit. C．Hethinkshighlyofit. D．Hehatesit.【答案】9．C【分析】作者通過自己從北京到天津出差經(jīng)歷，高度贊揚(yáng)了中國先進(jìn)的高鐵系統(tǒng)。9．觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Soinmyopinion,ifwethinkhighlyofChina’smodernwonders,Ibelieveitshigh-speedrailsystemmustbeoneofthem.Andit'sonesymbolofanewChinaandasignofChina’sstrength(實(shí)力)aswell.”可知，在Mike看來，高鐵系統(tǒng)是新中國的標(biāo)志之一。所以，Mike的觀點(diǎn)是高度贊揚(yáng)了中國的高鐵。故選C。三．詞義猜測題通過上下文線索推測生詞含義，?？即~指代或熟詞生義，占比約10%。[示例](節(jié)選)AccordingtoareportfromDouyin,thenumberoffitnessvideosin2021increasedby134percent,whilefollowersoffitnesstrainerswentupby208percentcomparedwiththeyearbefore.Peopleoftensearchonlineforsimpleexercisesthataredemonstratedbypersonaltrainers.Thesetrainersdoagreatjobinbothteachingandleadingpeopletoexercisemore.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“demonstrated”inParagraph2mean?A．Tobuildadream.B．Togivesomeadvice.C．Toshowhowsomethingisdone.D．Toaskquestionsaboutsomething.【答案】C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了人們越來越熱衷于網(wǎng)上健身?！窘馕觥吭~義猜測題。根據(jù)that引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行詞simpleexercises結(jié)合后文“Thesetrainersdoagreatjobinbothteachingandleadingpeopletoexercisemore.”可知，是培訓(xùn)師演示的簡單鍛煉，因此demonstrated意為“Toshowhowsomethingisdone.”，故選C。四．主旨大意題需總結(jié)文章中心思想或段落大意，常出現(xiàn)在首末段，題干關(guān)鍵詞：mainidea,purpose,besttitle。[示例](節(jié)選)ThedaywasThankfulThursday.It’saweeklytraditionthatmytwolittlegirlsandIbeganyearsago.Wealwaysgooutintheworldanddocharity(慈善)work.LastThursday,weweregoingtobuylunchforthebeggars(乞丐)inthestreet.Iordered15lunchesfromMcDonald’s(麥當(dāng)勞)anddecidedtohandthemoutIdon’tknowifthewomannoticedthetears(淚水)inmyeyes.Ihavequestionedmanytimeswhetherouractsofkindnessweretoosmalltomakeadifference.Yetatthatmoment,IrealizedthetruthofMotherTeresa’swords:“Wecannotdogreatthings—onlysmallthingswithgreatlove.”13．Whatdoesthearticlewanttotellus?A．It’sdifficulttohelpeveryoneinneed.B．Asmallactofkindnessmeansalot.C．Eachfamilyhasitsownproblems.【答案】13．B13．主旨大意題。根據(jù)“Ihavequestionedmanytimeswhetherouractsofkindnessweretoosmalltomakeadifference”可知，這篇文章想告訴我們一個(gè)小小的善行意味著許多，故選B?！靖咧忻~考點(diǎn)聚焦】課標(biāo)解讀考點(diǎn)聚焦：“信息加工能力”，即能否對文中信息進(jìn)行分析、推理、概括，形成深層理解。題型側(cè)重：深層理解題占比提升：推理題（infer,imply）、主旨題（mainidea）、詞義猜測題、作者態(tài)度題合計(jì)占比50%以上。細(xì)節(jié)題考查更隱蔽：答案需整合多個(gè)句子信息，或通過同義替換呈現(xiàn)（如題干用“accelerate”，原文用“speedup”）。能力要求：分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)（如總分總、對比論證），理解段落間邏輯關(guān)系（因果、讓步、例證）。推斷作者隱含意圖，概括抽象主旨（如從具體案例提煉社會現(xiàn)象本質(zhì)）?？键c(diǎn)清單考點(diǎn)一：閱讀理解細(xì)節(jié)題一般根據(jù)短文提供的信息和事實(shí)進(jìn)行提問，命題人往往通過對文章細(xì)節(jié)加以改寫來考查考生準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的能力。細(xì)節(jié)理解題在高考閱讀理解中占有相當(dāng)大的比例，幾乎占據(jù)了閱讀理解總題量的“半壁江山”。這類題考點(diǎn)可以源自段內(nèi)的單句信息理解，也可以來自段落內(nèi)綜合信息的理解?？疾閮?nèi)容涉及時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件、原因、結(jié)果、方式以及在議論文中可以涉及例證的細(xì)節(jié)和定義類的細(xì)節(jié)。解答細(xì)節(jié)理解的直接信息題時(shí)，由于題目普遍較容易，不必通篇細(xì)讀全文，一般是先通過題干信息來選擇定位關(guān)鍵詞。運(yùn)用略讀及尋讀的技巧快速在文章中尋找與題干有關(guān)的關(guān)鍵詞，找出相關(guān)的句子，得出正確答案?？疾殚g接信息題時(shí)，正確選項(xiàng)一般都會在原文基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行改造。常用方式是同義詞替換或釋義，即把文中語言(詞匯和結(jié)構(gòu))改頭換面，來表達(dá)相同的意思。命題點(diǎn)01直接信息題[示例](節(jié)選)$25.00recommendedforadults,$12.00recommendedforstudents,includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters(回廊)onthesameday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadult56．Howmuchmaytheypayifan11-year-oldgirlandherworkingparentsvisitthemuseum?A．$12. B．$37.C．$50. D．$62.【答案】C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞Howmuch和pay可迅速定位到原文信息“$25.00recommendedforadults,$12.00recommendedforstudents,includestheMainBuildingandTheCloisters(回廊)onthesameday;freeforchildrenunder12withanadult.”可知，成人票價(jià)25美元，12歲以下兒童在大人的陪同下免費(fèi)。因而11歲的女孩和其父母只需支付兩張成人票款即可。故選C。命題點(diǎn)02間接信息題[示例](節(jié)選)NewanalysisofthesescansrevealedthatactivityinthesameregionsChen’sgrouphadaccuratelypointedoutinmice,theaDCN,appearedtobesignificantlydisturbedinhumanswithPrader-Willisyndrome.Inhealthyindividuals,theaDCNweremoreactiveinresponsetofoodimageswhilefastingthanjustafterameal,butnosuchdifferencewasidentifiableinparticipantswiththedisorder.TheresultsuggestedthattheaDCNwereinvolvedincontrollinghunger.44.Accordingtotheprojectconductedbytheresearchers,________.A.thehealthytesteesweremorelikelytoovereatafterfastingB.foodimagesincreasedtheappetiteofthetesteeswithPrader-WillisyndromeC.theaDCNinthehealthytesteesrespondedtofoodimagesmoreactivelyafterfastingD.theaDCNinthetesteeswithPrader-Willisyndromemadenoresponsetofoodimages【答案】44.C【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Inhealthyindividuals,theaDCNweremoreactiveinresponsetofoodimageswhilefastingthanjustafterameal,butnosuchdifferencewasidentifiableinparticipantswiththedisorder.(在健康個(gè)體中，與飯后相比，禁食時(shí)aDCN對食物圖像的反應(yīng)更為積極，但在患有這種疾病的參與者中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)這種差異。)”可知，健康受試者的aDCN在禁食后對食物圖像的反應(yīng)更積極。故選C?？键c(diǎn)二：閱讀理解詞義猜測題命題點(diǎn)01單詞或短語猜測根據(jù)定義推測詞義：有時(shí)作者會通過給詞匯下定義來幫助讀者理解該詞的基本含義，如線索詞thatis,or,namely,inotherwords,thatistosay,tobemoreexact,toputitanotherway,whichis等。根據(jù)舉例推測詞義：有時(shí)，劃線部分后會根由一些具體的例子，這些例子可以幫助考試?yán)斫庠撛~的詞義。線索詞suchas,such...as,forexample,forinstance,like,including,especially等。根據(jù)對比關(guān)系或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系推測詞義：表達(dá)對比或轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系的詞需注意but,yet,however,while,unlike,instead,similarly,onthecontrary,incontrastto等。根據(jù)同義詞或并列結(jié)構(gòu)推測詞義：在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者為了避免語言的單調(diào)和重復(fù)，會使用意思相同或相近的詞，此時(shí)，只要知道其中一個(gè)詞的意思，就能猜出另一個(gè)詞的意思。根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法推測詞義：英語中的很多詞匯，尤其是不斷出現(xiàn)的新詞大多是通過構(gòu)詞法生成的，因此，掌握主要的構(gòu)詞法有助于猜測詞義。根據(jù)因果關(guān)系推測詞義：因果關(guān)系時(shí)一種常見的提供生詞詞義信息的邏輯關(guān)系。根據(jù)線索詞as,since,because,for,so,thus,consequently,therefore,hence,dueto,resultin,resultfrom,asaresult,forthisreason,accordingly,so...that,such...that等可知上下句存在因果，從而依據(jù)某一句的含義，來確定另一句的含義。[示例](節(jié)選)Alistenerwhoseheadisinsome“sweetspot”hearshigh-qualitysound.Butasonegelsfartherfromthesweetspot,thesounddiminishes.That’sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother’ssound.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“diminishes”inparagraph4probablymean?A．Becomeslower. B．Travelsfaster.C．Getssweeter. D．Soundsnicer.易錯(cuò)分析：不能看出畫線部分詞根中mini含義“微型，袖珍的”，且未能關(guān)注上句but前后兩句話之間的轉(zhuǎn)折意義是錯(cuò)誤主要原因?！敬鸢浮緼【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)上文內(nèi)容以及后句“That’sbecausesoundwavesfromdifferentloudspeakersinteracttocancelouteachother’ssound.（這是因?yàn)閬碜圆煌瑩P(yáng)聲器的聲波相互作用，相互抵消對方的聲音）”可知，這種技術(shù)是通過降噪處理消除對別人的干擾，因此推斷劃線句句意：但當(dāng)你遠(yuǎn)離最佳點(diǎn)時(shí)，聲音就會減弱。故判斷該詞義為“聲音變小”。故選A。命題點(diǎn)02句子意義猜測定位：定位劃線句，利用語法和邏輯關(guān)系準(zhǔn)確分析原卷分析：分析理解劃線句前后語境，合理推斷句意歸納：歸納總結(jié)，找出與原句意思完全吻合的選項(xiàng)[示例](節(jié)選)Lastyear,afterawinterofpracticingskiingonthegreentracksforbeginnerseachweek,Aliciawasfrench-fryingherwaydownbluesandevenattemptedherfirstblack.Thatmonthalsowitnessedmevisitingthemountainmoretimesthaninthe15yearscombinedandI’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.Whatdoesthefatherimplybysaying“I’vegotmyselfapartnerforlife.”?A．Itisrewardingtolearnnewskills. B．Skiinghasbecomehislifelonghobby.C．Hewillexploremorewithhisdaughter. D．Hisdaughterwillaccompanyhimforever.【答案】C【解析】句意猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Watchingyourkidslearnnewskillsisextraordinarilyrewarding,butI’veexperiencedmorepersonalgrowththanIhaveatanyotherpointinmylife.”（看著你的孩子學(xué)習(xí)新技能是非常值得的，但我經(jīng)歷的個(gè)人成長比我生命中其他任何時(shí)候都要多。）以及劃線句前“Lastyear,afterawinterofpracticingskiingonthegreentracksforbeginnerseachweek,Aliciawasfrench-fryingherwaydownbluesandevenattemptedherfirstblack.Thatmonthalsowitnessedmevisitingthemountainmoretimesthaninthe15yearscombined”（去年，艾麗西亞在為初學(xué)者準(zhǔn)備的綠色雪道上練習(xí)了一個(gè)冬天的滑雪之后，她在藍(lán)色中級雪道一路摸索，甚至嘗試了她的第一個(gè)黑色鉆石雪道。那個(gè)月我去山上的次數(shù)比過去15年的總和還多）可知，孩子在探索的同時(shí)，我也在探索。所以劃線句的意思是他將和女兒一起探索更多。故選C?？键c(diǎn)三：閱讀理解推理判斷題一）：推斷隱含意義(1)抓住特定信息進(jìn)行逆向或正向推理：在原文中確定推理依據(jù)的位置或范圍后，要善于抓住關(guān)鍵信息去分析判斷；(2)整合全文/段信息進(jìn)行推斷：有時(shí)需要在弄懂全文或全段的基礎(chǔ)上，整合與題目相關(guān)的有效信息去進(jìn)行綜合推斷，才能確定最佳選項(xiàng)。無論哪種推斷形式必須以文章所提供的事實(shí)內(nèi)容為依據(jù)，切忌憑空想象。[示例](節(jié)選)SamanthaGotwaltandBlaydeReich,twoseniorMechanicalEngineeringmajorsatYorkCollegeinthegroup,bothfoundtheworktobequitefascinating.AccordingtoSamantha,theideacamefromaYorkCollegeprofessor,whohasworkedwithdrones,andwantedtogetstudentsinvolvedwithaprojectbeneficialtothecommunity.“Wereallywanttohelpfarmingandagriculture.It’ssuper-importanttoAmericaandoureconomy,”Blaydesays.“Wewanttohelpthesmallerfarmers,andoneofthebenefitsisnothavingtospendtheirmoneyonfertilizerandpesticides(殺蟲劑).”Theideaistodesignandbuildadronethatwilltakevideoimageryofthefieldstodeterminewhatisneededtoproducethebestcrop,whilesavingmoneyandsparingtheenvironmentbyreducingpollutantsintherunoffwater.Ideally,thatdatagainedwillhelpthefarmersbetterdeterminewhatchemicalstheyneed—andwhattheydon’tWhatcanbestdescribethestudents?A．Responsibleandcreative. B．Experiencedandgenerous.C．Brilliantandgrateful. D．Reliableandrealistic.【答案】A【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中的““Wereallywanttohelpfarmingandagriculture.It’ssuper-importanttoAmericaandoureconomy,”Blaydesays.“Wewanttohelpthesmallerfarmers,andoneofthebenefitsisnothavingtospendtheirmoneyonfertilizerandpesticides(殺蟲劑).”(“我們真的想幫助務(wù)農(nóng)和農(nóng)業(yè)。這對美國和我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)來說非常重要”，布萊德說?！拔覀兿霂椭∞r(nóng)戶，其中一個(gè)好處是不必把錢花在化肥和殺蟲劑上?！?”可推知，他們是有責(zé)任心的，結(jié)合第三段中“Theideaistodesignandbuildadronethatwilltakevideoimageryofthefieldstodeterminewhatisneededtoproducethebestcrop,whilesavingmoneyandsparingtheenvironmentbyreducingpollutantsintherunoffwater.(這個(gè)想法是設(shè)計(jì)和建造一架無人機(jī)，該無人機(jī)將拍攝田地的視頻圖像，以確定生產(chǎn)最佳作物所需的條件，同時(shí)通過減少徑流水中的污染物來節(jié)省資金并保護(hù)環(huán)境。)”可推知，他們是有創(chuàng)造力的。故選A項(xiàng)。二）：推斷寫作意圖(1)記敘文：通常會在首段或尾段出現(xiàn)高度概括性語言，且往往有一定的哲理性，所有敘述都圍繞該哲理展開；(2)應(yīng)用文：文章常對某事物或服務(wù)進(jìn)行詳細(xì)介紹，使用具有明顯傾向性的語言；(3)說明文：其寫作意圖依賴于對文章主題句的把握，應(yīng)找準(zhǔn)主題句；(4)議論文：一般開頭提出某論點(diǎn)，中間進(jìn)行論證，最后得出結(jié)論，寫作意圖常隱含于最后一部分中。[示例](節(jié)選)Don’tbringmeat,meatproducts,milkanddairyproductsfromnon-EUcountriestoFinland!AbanonpersonalimportsappliestomeatanddairyproductsbroughtintoFinlandbytravelersororderedandsentthroughthepost.Thebanappliestofoodstuffsintendedforpersonalconsumptionorasgiftsandtopetfood.Ifyouhavefoodproductsofanimaloriginwithyou,throwtheminawastecontainerinthepointofentryorcontactCustoms!Whomisthisnoticeintendedfor?A.FoodimportersinFinland.B.TravelerstoFinland.C.CitizensinEUcountries.D.Medicalstafffromnon-EUcountries.【答案B[解析]寫作意圖類推斷題。該應(yīng)用文是芬蘭食品管理局發(fā)出的一封共同抵御動物疾病，特別是非洲豬瘟的通知，并對人們進(jìn)行了建議和指引。本題要求判斷文章所面向的讀者群體，這是一篇由政府官方管理機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)出的通知，綜合全文，特別是第一段末尾部分“…eveniftheyarepackedforpersonalconsumptionorintendedasgifts.Travelerslikeyouplayanimportantroleinpreventingthespreadofanimaldiseases.”提到，即使你是私人肉制品消費(fèi)或是把相關(guān)動物產(chǎn)品買來當(dāng)禮物，也有傳播動物疾病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，像你這樣的（普通）旅行者在防控動物疾病傳播中扮演了十分重要的角色，所以這篇文章是寫給來芬蘭旅游的人（travelers）看的，故選B。三）：推斷觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度(1)注意作者或文中人物的措辭：①分析字里行間所隱含的意思，切忌用自己觀點(diǎn)代替作者或文中人物的觀點(diǎn)；②留意相關(guān)氛圍的語言及表達(dá)情感態(tài)度或觀點(diǎn)的詞句，這些常流露于修飾語之中；③結(jié)合英語國家的文化傳統(tǒng)或風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣等背景知識進(jìn)行合理推斷。[示例](節(jié)選)Ourownexperienceworkingtogetheronhealth，development，andenergythelasttwentyyearshasbeenoneofthemostrewardingpartsofourlives.Ithaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Theauthorbelievesthelivesofthepoorestwillgetbetter.B．Muchmoreprogresswillbemadeinthenearfuture.C．Theworkonhealthisthemostvaluableexperience.D．People’seffortshavebeenmateriallyrewarded.答案A[解析]推理判斷題。根據(jù)本段最后提到的“Ithaschangedwhoweareandcontinuestofuelouroptimismabouthowmuchthelivesofthepoorestpeoplewillimproveintheyearsahead.”知窮人的生活將會變更好。四）：推斷文章出處和目標(biāo)讀者(1)廣告：語言簡潔鮮明，有亮點(diǎn)；(2)報(bào)刊：時(shí)事性強(qiáng)，分不同板塊，高考中常以政治、生活的話題為主；(3)雜志：覆蓋生活各個(gè)層面，更貼近幕后，更貼近生活；(4)產(chǎn)品說明書：對某產(chǎn)品的功能特色及操作方式等做出介紹；(5)藥品說明：說明藥品的服用時(shí)間、次數(shù)、藥量、禁忌等；(6)網(wǎng)絡(luò)：文體不限，找到clickhere，download，up-load，link，mouse,surf等網(wǎng)絡(luò)標(biāo)志語。[示例]Pak50·57minutesagoWhynotgiveitatry?Perhapsyoushouldtakelessonsonamusicalinstrument.ThelatemusicianDennisBrainissaidtohaveaskedafellowtrainpassengertoturnoffhisradio.Whenhisrequestwasrefused，hetookouthisFrenchhorn(號)andstartedtopractise.Taodas·29minutesagoIdidreadmynewspaperoutloudonatrain，anditturnedoutwell.Theguytookitingoodpart，andwechattedhappilyallthewaytoEdinburgh.Sophie76·13minutesagoIhavenottriedreadingmynewspaperoutloudonatrain，but，severalyearsago，IreadsomechaptersfromHarryPottertomyboredandnoisychildren.SeveralpassengersseemedtoappreciatewhatIdid.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A．Awebpage.B．Anewspaper.C．Anovel. D．Areport.答案A[解析]文章出處題。根據(jù)文章的寫作風(fēng)格以及每個(gè)帖子的時(shí)間提示可知，應(yīng)該最有可能來自于網(wǎng)頁?？键c(diǎn)四：閱讀理解主旨大意題一）、段落大意題每個(gè)段落通常都有一個(gè)中心，段落主題句通常會出現(xiàn)在段落的首句或尾句，有時(shí)也會在中間。在閱讀中應(yīng)盡量利用有關(guān)信息確定主題句的位置。[示例](節(jié)選)Thefirstthingwenoticeaboutnewpeoplearetheirfaces.Thenexttimeweseethesepeople,werememberthembecauseweremembertheirfaces.Thisseemslikeasimpleprocess.However,scientistsfoundthatitisnotsuchasimpleprocess.Thesectionofthebrainthatisresponsibleforfacerecognitionseemstoworkdifferentlyfordifferentpeople.Somepeoplehavegreatdifficultyrememberingandrecognizingfaces,whileothersalmostneverforgetafaceThefirstparagraphismainlyabout___________________________.thewaytoimproveone’sface-recognitionskillsthefactthatsomepeoplehaveface-recognitionproblemsthesimpleprocessofthebraintorecognizeothers’facestheimportanceoffacerecognitioninhumancommunication【答案】.B【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中“Somepeoplehavegreatdifficultyrememberingandrecognizingfaces,whileothersalmostneverforgetaface.”（有些人很難記住和辨認(rèn)面孔，而另一些人幾乎永遠(yuǎn)不會忘記面孔。）可知，第一段主要想說明，事實(shí)上，有些人有面部識別問題。故選B項(xiàng)。二）、文章大意題每一篇文章都有其大意，獲取大意的方法是找主題句。主題句通常在文章的首段或尾段，但是有時(shí)候也出現(xiàn)在文章中間段落。閱讀的過程中應(yīng)該對每段的主題句給予特別的關(guān)注。[示例]Toooften,wemeasureourworthnotbytheresultsweachieve,butbyhowmuchofourtimewespend.Welivecrazylives,atleastinpart,becauseitmakesusfeelgoodaboutourselves.Whatdoesthepassagemainlyconcernedwith?A.Themeasurementofwealthinthecurrentsociety.B.Theevolutionofpeople’sattitudetowardsbusyness.C.Thehiddenreasonsandeffectsofpeople’sbusyness.D.Thesolutiontoprioritizingthecrucialtasksinbusyness.【答案】C【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段Toooften,wemeasureourworthnotbytheresultsweachieve,butbyhowmuchofourtimewespend.Welivecrazylives,atleastinpart,becauseitmakesusfeelgoodaboutourselves.“很多時(shí)候，我們衡量自己的價(jià)值不是看我們?nèi)〉昧耸裁闯晒?，而是看我們花了多少時(shí)間。我們過著瘋狂的生活，至少在一定程度上是因?yàn)樗屛覀冏晕腋杏X良好?！笨芍?，本文講述的是人們忙碌背后的原因和影響。故選C。三）、標(biāo)題歸納題標(biāo)題歸納類題目應(yīng)該注意其醒目性、概括性和針對性。解題時(shí)抓住文章的首段和每一段的首尾句以及一些貫穿整篇文章始終的關(guān)鍵詞。干擾項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)：以偏概全；.斷章取義；主題擴(kuò)大；張冠李戴；無中生有。[示例]ButDisney’sstoryactuallystartedtwodecadesearlierwithwhatWaltDisneycalled"Daddy’sDay".OnSaturdaysinthe1930sand1940s,DisneywouldtakehistwodaughterstoridetheGriffithParkmerry-go-round,whichthey’denjoywhilehesatonabenchdreamingofwaysforfamiliestohavefuntogether.Disneydislikedtheamusementparkstheyoftenvisited,seeingthemasdirty,unimaginativeplacesrunbyrudeemployees.Disneylandopenedthen.The5,000expectedguestsincreasedto28,154,thankstofaketickets.Afterthemadnessofopeningday,Disneyandhisnewparkwerecriticizedinthepress.Themediapredictedaquickandearlyend.Butthepublicdidn’tlisten.Visitorsarrivedinlargegroups,andwithinweeksDisneylandwasasuccess.Oversixtyyearslater,Disneyland’spopularitycontinuestogrow,withtotaloverallattendancetopping700millionandshowingnosignsofslowingdown.Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Disneyland:HowItAllBegan B.Disneyland:AnOvernightSuccessC.Disneyland:HowItDeveloped D.Disneyland:AParkwithaLongHistory【答案】A【解析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段中句子“ButDisney’sstoryactuallystartedtwodecadesearlierwithwhatWaltDisneycalled"Daddy’sDay".”（但實(shí)際上，迪士尼的故事始于20年前沃爾特·迪士尼所謂的“爸爸節(jié)”。）和倒數(shù)第二段第一句“Disneylandopenedthen.”迪士尼開業(yè)了可知，整篇文章都在寫迪士尼是如何開始并建成的故事。所以短文的最佳標(biāo)題為“迪士尼樂園:一切是如何開始的”。故選A項(xiàng)。Passage1TheNewYorkPublicLibraryisheretohelpyoulearnandconnectwithyourcommunitythroughourvariousfreeevents.TheeventstobeconductedinMarcharelistedbelow.CollegeandCareerPathways:PersonalizedAdviceforTeens

Areyoustrugglingwithplanningoutthenextsteps,forcollegeorjobsorskillbuilding?Meetone-on-onewithalibrariantogetsomeguidance,tips,andresources!Youcanscheduleavirtualappointmentat/nyplcollegeandcareer.Appointmentsare30minuteslongandconductedinEnglish.

DateandTime:Wednesday,March5,2025,1–2PM

Location:BaychesterLibrary

RecordingStudioAccessWorkshopThisisacoursewhereteenscanlearnthebasicsofhowtooperateourrecordingstudio.Attheendoftheworkshop,theteensareabletotaketheRecordingStudioassessment(評估).Uponpassingtheassessment,youwillreceiveaStudioCardandbeabletobooktimeinourrecordingstudiosindependently!Byregistration(注冊)only!

DateandTime:Tuesday,March11,2025,5–6PM

Location:ParkchesterLibrary

CoolDown:ARestorativeSpaceforMiddleSchoolers

CoolDownisanopenspaceforpre-teensinmiddleschooltorelaxafteralongday.We’llbedoingvariousactivitiesproventoreducestresssuchasjournaling,gaming,drawing,andvariousDIYcrafts(手工藝)andencourageimagination.

DateandTime:Thursday,March20,2025,6:15–7:15PM

Location:RiverdaleLibrary

CreativeCrafts:EarthDayArtProject

Wechallengeourteenstocreatesomethinguniqueandwonderfulfrompreexistingitemslikemagazines,plasticwaterbottles,tincans,andmore.Allsupplieswillbeprovided.Firstcome,firstserved.

DateandTime:Saturday,March29,2025,3:30–5:30PM

Location:SoundviewLibrary1．Whichlibrarywillateenagerseekingdecisionsupportprobablyheadfor?A．BaychesterLibrary. B．ParkchesterLibrary.C．RiverdaleLibrary. D．SoundviewLibrary.2．Whatisarequirementforthoseinterestedinrecordingoperations?A．Takingatest. B．OwningaStudioCard.C．Signinguptoparticipate. D．Makingappointmentsbeforehand.3．Whatdothelasttwoeventshaveincommon?A．Bothsupplythematerialsneeded. B．Bothinvolvecreativeactivities.C．Botharedesignedforpre-teens. D．Botharescheduledfortheweekend.【答案】1．A2．C3．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了紐約公共圖書館在三月份舉辦的幾項(xiàng)免費(fèi)活動。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CollegeandCareerPathways:PersonalizedAdviceforTeens部分中的“Areyoustrugglingwithplanningoutthenextsteps,forcollegeorjobsorskillbuilding?Meetone-on-onewithalibrariantogetsomeguidance,tips,andresources!(你是否在為大學(xué)、工作或技能培養(yǎng)的下一步計(jì)劃而苦苦掙扎？與圖書管理員進(jìn)行一對一的會面，獲得一些指導(dǎo)、建議和資源！)”以及“Location:BaychesterLibrary(地點(diǎn)：Baychester圖書館)”可知，尋求決策支持的青少年可能會去Baychester圖書館。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)RecordingStudioAccessWorkshop部分中的“Byregistration(注冊)only!(僅限注冊！)”可知，對錄音操作感興趣的人需要注冊才能參加。故選C。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CoolDown:ARestorativeSpaceforMiddleSchoolers部分中的“CoolDownisanopenspaceforpre-teensinmiddleschooltorelaxafteralongday.We’llbedoingvariousactivitiesproventoreducestresssuchasjournaling,gaming,drawing,andvariousDIYcrafts(手工藝)andencourageimagination.(CoolDown是一個(gè)為中學(xué)生提供的開放空間，讓他們在漫長的一天后放松身心。我們將進(jìn)行各種被證明可以減輕壓力的活動，如寫日記、玩游戲、畫畫和各種DIY手工藝，并鼓勵想象力。)”以及CreativeCrafts:EarthDayArtProject部分中的“Wechallengeourteenstocreatesomethinguniqueandwonderfulfrompreexistingitemslikemagazines,plasticwaterbottles,tincans,andmore.(我們挑戰(zhàn)我們的青少年用現(xiàn)有的物品，如雜志、塑料水瓶、錫罐等，創(chuàng)造出獨(dú)特而美妙的東西。)”可知，最后兩項(xiàng)活動的共同點(diǎn)是它們都涉及創(chuàng)意活動。故選B。Passage2Youcanusetofindvolunteerchances.Handinanapplication,andtrackyourvolunteerhours.PullmanLaborDayVolunteerOnLaborDay,PullmanNationalHistoricalParkwillhostaparade(游行).Wearelookingforvolunteerstosupporttheparadestaging,timingandroute(路線).Theeventwillrunfrom10:00amto5:30pm.VolunteersneedtoworkforanadditionaltwohoursandprovideinformationaboutthefestivalandthePullmanareaforvisitors.SkillsVisitorinformationWorkingwithpeopleFortToursVisitorServicesVolunteersareneededtohelpatourinformationdeskinthevisitorcenter.Otherimportantdutiesincludeservingasacontactforvisitors,andprovidinginformationconnectedwiththehistoryoftheBattleofBladensburg,afightinMarylandonAugust24,1814.SkillsPublicspeakingVisitorinformationWorkingwithpeopleHordsCreekParkHostDutieswillincludecheckingcampersinandout,answeringquestionsfromvisitors,performingroundsbydrivingthroughparks,andopeningandclosinggates.Theparkwillprovidevolunteerswithahigh-qualitycampsiteandthethingsneededtoperformtheirduties.Volunteersarerequiredtoworkabout20hoursaweek.SkillsDriver’slicense(駕照)VisitorinformationWorkingwithpeopleBonitaCanyonCampHostJoinourteamatChiricahuaNationalMonument!We’reexcitedtolookforvolunteerstoserveascampgroundhostsforthe25-siteBonitaCanyonCampground.ThiscampgroundliesinaforestareaalongBonitaCreek.Camphostshelpvisitors,provideinformation,andcommunicatewithstaff(職員)regardingcampgroundneeds.Volunteerswork32hoursaweek,withascheduleof4daysonand3daysoff.Weekendsmayberequired.SkillsVisitorinformationWorkingwithpeople4．HowmanyhoursdoyouneedtoworkeverydayifyouvolunteeratPullmanNationalHistoricalPark?A．5.5hours. B．7.5hours. C．9hours. D．9.5hours.5．Whichprogramneedsvolunteersknowingaboutafight?A．PullmanLaborDayVolunteer.B．FortTours&VisitorServices.C．HordsCreekParkHost.D．BonitaCanyonCampHost6．Whatdothefourprogramshaveincommon?A．Theyallorganisefieldtripsinnature.B．Theyallneedexperiencedvolunteers.C．Theyallneedvolunteerstohelpvisitors.D．Theyallrequiregoodpublicspeakingskills.【答案】4．D5．B6．C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了四個(gè)志愿者項(xiàng)目的職責(zé)、工作時(shí)間及技能要求。4．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PullmanLaborDayVolunteer中“Theeventwillrunfrom10:00amto5:30pm.VolunteersneedtoworkforanadditionaltwohoursandprovideinformationaboutthefestivalandthePullmanareaforvisitors.(活動時(shí)間為上午10點(diǎn)至下午5點(diǎn)30分。志愿者需要額外工作兩個(gè)小時(shí)，并為游客提供有關(guān)節(jié)日和普爾曼地區(qū)的信息。)”可知，如果你在普爾曼國家歷史公園做志愿者，你每天需要工作總工作時(shí)長=7.5小時(shí)+2小時(shí)=9.5小時(shí)。故選D項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FortToursVisitorServices中“Otherimportantdutiesincludeservingasacontactforvisitors,andprovidinginformationconnectedwiththehistoryoftheBattleofBladensburg,afightinMarylandonAugust24,1814.(其他重要職責(zé)還包括為游客提供聯(lián)絡(luò)人，以及提供與布萊登斯堡戰(zhàn)役（1814年8月24日發(fā)生在馬里蘭州的一場戰(zhàn)斗）歷史相關(guān)的信息。)”可知，F(xiàn)ortTours&VisitorServices這個(gè)項(xiàng)目需要志愿者了解戰(zhàn)爭歷史相關(guān)信息。故選B項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，普爾曼勞動節(jié)志愿者需要為游客提供節(jié)日和地區(qū)信息；福特之旅游客服務(wù)需要志愿者在游客中心服務(wù)并提供信息；霍茲溪公園管理員需要回答游客問題；博尼塔峽谷營地管理員需要幫助游客并提供信息。四個(gè)項(xiàng)目都需要志愿者幫助游客。故選C項(xiàng)。Passage3Iwasatschool,gettingreadyforatest.Suddenlysomeoneshouted,“Todayat1:10therewillbeauditions(試演)foramusicalshow.”Myfriendsalljumpedupinexcitementandaskedme,“Willyougo,Rasleen?”Withoutmuchthought,Iagreed.Eventhoughmusicalshowsweren’treallymything,Iwantedtobewithmyfriends.At1:10p.m.,therewasalineoutsidetheauditionroom.Standingintheline,Isuddenlyfeltalittlenervous.WhatifIwasn’tanygood?Iwastakingarisk.Soonitwasmyturn.Isaidsomelines(臺詞)fromthemusicalshowcalledMusicvilleandsangabit.TheteacherssmiledatmeandaskedwhatkindofroleIwantedtoplay.IfeltlikeIhadachance,soIsaid,“Abigrole.”Aweeklater,thelistcameout.Igotthemainrole,Melody!Iwasreallyhappy,butalsorealizedhowmuchworkitwouldbe.Iwasinalmostallofthe13scenesintheshowandIhadtomemorizeallmylinesbeforethepractice.Theninthefollowingdays,Istayedafterschooltopractice.Twomonthslater,wewereallreadyfortheperformance.Wegottoperforminfrontofourschoolmates,teachersandparents.WhenIsawtheirsmiles,Ifeltveryconfident.Thatconfidencestayedwithmeandmademefeelbraver.IfeltlikeIcouldtrymorethings.SoIjoinedabasketballteam,andIevenjoinedadancegroup.Ibecamemoreandmoreactive.Irealizedthatbytryingsomethingnew,Icanhavefun—evenifitmeanssteppingoutofmycomfortzone(舒適區(qū)).7．WhydidRasleendecidetoauditionforthemusicalshow?A．Shelovedmusicalshows. B．Shewantedtochallengeherself.C．Shedreamedofplayingabigrole. D．Shewantedtostaytogetherwithherfriends.8．HowwasRasleen’sperformanceintheaudition?A．Shedidverywell. B．Sheforgotthelines.C．Shetookariskdancing. D．Shesangwiththeteachers.9．HowmightRasleenfeelwhenshesawhernameonthelist?A．Sad. B．Excited. C．Nervous. D．Relaxed.10．WhatlessondidRasleenlearn?A．Riskscanbehelpful.B．Friendsareimportantforsuccess.C．Tryingnewthingscanleadtogrowth.D．Stayinginthecomfortzonebringschances.【答案】7．D8．A9．B10．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述作者從一次偶然的音樂劇試演中獲得自信，進(jìn)而積極參與各類活動并實(shí)現(xiàn)自我成長的故事。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Eventhoughmusicalshowsweren’treallymything,Iwantedtobewithmyfriends.(盡管音樂劇其實(shí)并非我所熱衷的事情，但我想和朋友們待在一起)”可知，Rasleen參加試演的原因是想和朋友在一起。故選D。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“TheteacherssmiledatmeandaskedwhatkindofroleIwantedtoplay.(老師們朝我微笑，問我想扮演什么樣的角色)”可知，老師對她微笑并詢問她想扮演什么角色。由此可推斷，她在試演中表現(xiàn)很好。故選A。9．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Aweeklater,thelistcameout.Igotthemainrole,Melody!Iwasreallyhappy,butalsorealizedhowmuchworkitwouldbe.(一周后，名單公布了。我得到了主角梅洛迪的角色！我真的很高興，但也意識到這將是多么繁重的工作)”可知，Rasleen看到名單上自己的名字時(shí)感到非常高興。故選B。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Irealizedthatbytryingsomethingnew,Icanhavefun—evenifitmeanssteppingoutofmycomfortzone.(我意識到，通過嘗試新事物，我能獲得樂趣——即使這意味著要走出自己的舒適區(qū))”可推知，R