2025年考研英語(yǔ)（一）閱讀理解段落大意歸納試卷提高技巧考試時(shí)間：______分鐘總分：______分姓名：______模擬試卷第一部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，回答問(wèn)題。文章：Theriseofthedigitaleconomyhastransformedthewaywework,live,andinteractwitheachother.Whileithasbroughtnumerousbenefits,suchasincreasedconvenienceandefficiency,ithasalsocreatednewchallenges.Oneofthemostsignificantchallengesistheimpactontraditionalindustriesandthejobmarket.Manyindustriesthatwereoncedominanthavebeendisruptedbydigitaltechnologies.Forexample,brick-and-mortarretailershavestruggledtocompetewithonlineshoppingplatforms,whichofferlowerpricesandawiderselectionofproducts.Similarly,traditionalmediaoutletshavefaceddecliningaudiencesaspeopleincreasinglyconsumenewsandentertainmentonline.Thisdisruptionhasledtojoblossesintheseindustries,ascompanieshavehadtodownsizeorclosealtogether.However,thedigitaleconomyhasalsocreatednewjobopportunities.Thegrowthofe-commercehasledtoanincreaseddemandforlogisticsanddeliveryworkers.Additionally,theriseofsocialmediahascreatedjobsindigitalmarketingandcontentcreation.Whilethesenewjobsmayrequiredifferentskillsthanthoselostintraditionalindustries,theystillrepresentanetgaininemployment.Anotherchallengeposedbythedigitaleconomyistheissueofprivacyandsecurity.Asmoreofourpersonalinformationisstoredonline,theriskofdatabreachesandidentitytheftincreases.Companiesmustinvestheavilyincybersecuritytoprotecttheircustomers'data.Additionally,governmentsneedtoimplementstricterregulationstosafeguardcitizens'privacyinthedigitalage.Despitethesechallenges,thedigitaleconomyisheretostay.Itisimportantforindividuals,businesses,andgovernmentstoadapttothisnewreality.Workersneedtoacquirenewskillstoremaincompetitiveinthejobmarket.Companiesneedtoembracedigitaltechnologiestostayrelevant.Governmentsneedtocreatepoliciesthatpromotedigitalinclusionandprotectcitizens'privacy.問(wèn)題：1.Summarizethemainideaofparagraph1.2.Accordingtoparagraph2,whathasbeentheimpactofonlineshoppingplatformsonbrick-and-mortarretailers?3.Whatnewjobopportunitieshasthedigitaleconomycreated,asmentionedinparagraph3?4.Whatisthemainchallengerelatedtoprivacyandsecuritymentionedinparagraph4?5.Basedonthelastparagraph,whatarethekeyadaptationsneededforindividuals,businesses,andgovernmentsinthedigitaleconomy?第二部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，回答問(wèn)題。文章：Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesfacingtheworldtoday.Theincreasingconcentrationofgreenhousegasesintheatmospherehasledtoariseinglobaltemperatures,resultinginahostofenvironmentalproblems.Theseproblemsincludemorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,suchashurricanes,droughts,andfloods.Theyalsoincludethemeltingofpolaricecapsandtherisingsealevels,whichthreatencoastalcommunitiesaroundtheworld.Theprimarycauseofclimatechangeistheburningoffossilfuels,suchascoal,oil,andnaturalgas.Thesefuelsarewidelyusedforenergyproduction,transportation,andindustrialprocesses.Whenburned,theyreleaselargeamountsofcarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesintotheatmosphere.Deforestationandindustrialactivitiesalsocontributetotheproblembyreleasingadditionalgreenhousegases.Addressingclimatechangerequiresamultifacetedapproach.Onekeysolutionistoreduceourrelianceonfossilfuelsandtransitiontorenewableenergysources,suchassolar,wind,andhydroelectricpower.Governmentscanplayacrucialroleinthistransitionbyimplementingpoliciesthatincentivizethedevelopmentanduseofrenewableenergy.Forexample,theycanoffertaxcreditstobusinessesthatinvestinrenewableenergytechnologiesorprovidesubsidiestoconsumerswhoinstallsolarpanelsontheirhomes.Anotherimportantsolutionistoimplementsustainablepracticesinagricultureandforestry.Agricultureisamajorcontributortogreenhousegasemissions,particularlymethaneandnitrousoxide.Farmerscanadoptpracticesthatreducetheseemissions,suchasusingcovercropsandreducingtheuseofsyntheticfertilizers.Additionally,reforestationeffortscanhelptoabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphereandmitigatetheeffectsofclimatechange.Individualsalsohavearoletoplayinaddressingclimatechange.Bymakinglifestylechanges,suchasreducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andeatinglessmeat,individualscancontributetoreducinggreenhousegasemissions.Furthermore,bysupportingbusinessesandpoliciesthatpromotesustainability,individualscanhelptodrivethetransitiontoamoreenvironmentallyfriendlyeconomy.問(wèn)題：6.Summarizethemainproblemcausedbyclimatechange,asdescribedinparagraph1.7.Accordingtoparagraph2,whatarethemainsourcesofgreenhousegasemissions?8.Whatisonepolicymentionedinparagraph3thatgovernmentscanusetoencouragetheuseofrenewableenergy?9.Whatagriculturalpracticecanhelptoreducemethaneemissions,asmentionedinparagraph4?10.Basedonthelastparagraph,whataresomelifestylechangesindividualscanmaketoaddressclimatechange?第三部分閱讀理解閱讀下面的文章，回答問(wèn)題。文章：Theconceptof"fakenews"hasbecomeamajorconcernintheageofsocialmedia.Thistermreferstofalseormisleadinginformationthatispresentedasnews.Fakenewscantakemanyforms,includingarticlesthatarecompletelyfabricated,articlesthatarebasedondistortedfacts,andevenarticlesthataretakenoutofcontext.Thespreadoffakenewscanhaveseriousconsequences,suchasinfluencingpublicopinion,incitingviolence,andunderminingtrustininstitutions.Oneofthemainreasonswhyfakenewsissoprevalentonsocialmediaistheeasewithwhichinformationcanbeshared.OnplatformslikeFacebookandTwitter,userscansharearticleswithjustafewclicks,andthesearticlescanreachalargeaudienceinaveryshorttime.Thisspeedandreachmakeitdifficultforfact-checkerstokeepupwiththespreadoffalseinformation.Anotherfactorcontributingtotheproblemisthealgorithmicdesignofsocialmediaplatforms.Thesealgorithmsaredesignedtomaximizeuserengagement,whichoftenmeansshowinguserscontentthatislikelytoelicitastrongemotionalresponse.Unfortunately,thiscansometimesleadtothepromotionoffakenews,assensationalandemotionallychargedstoriesaremorelikelytobesharedthanfactualandobjectiveones.Addressingtheproblemoffakenewsrequiresacollaborativeeffortfromsocialmediaplatforms,newsorganizations,andindividuals.Socialmediaplatformsneedtodevelopalgorithmsthatprioritizeaccuracyandreducethespreadoffalseinformation.Newsorganizationsneedtoimprovetheirpracticestoensuretheaccuracyandcredibilityoftheirreporting.Individualsneedtobemorecriticalconsumersofinformation,verifyingthesourcesofnewsbeforesharingitwithothers.Educatingthepublicaboutmedialiteracyisalsocrucial.Medialiteracyreferstotheabilitytoaccess,analyze,evaluate,andcreatemediainvariousforms.Bypromotingmedialiteracy,wecanhelppeopletoidentifyfakenewsandmakemoreinformeddecisionsabouttheinformationtheyconsumeandshare.問(wèn)題：11.Summarizethemainissuediscussedinparagraph1.12.Accordingtoparagraph2,whyisitdifficulttocontrolthespreadoffakenewsonsocialmedia?13.Howdothealgorithmicdesignofsocialmediaplatformscontributetothespreadoffakenews,asmentionedinparagraph3?14.Whatisoneactionthatnewsorganizationscantaketoensurethecredibilityoftheirreporting,asmentionedinparagraph4?15.Basedonthelastparagraph,whatismedialiteracyandwhyisitimportantinthecontextoffakenews?試卷答案1.Thedigitaleconomyhasbroughtbenefitsbutalsochallenges,particularlyimpactingtraditionalindustriesandthejobmarket.*解析思路：第一段首句指出數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)帶來(lái)了好處，但也帶來(lái)了挑戰(zhàn)，并具體說(shuō)明這些挑戰(zhàn)主要體現(xiàn)在對(duì)傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)和就業(yè)市場(chǎng)的影響?？偨Y(jié)段落大意需抓住核心矛盾和主題。2.Onlineshoppingplatformshavecausedbrick-and-mortarretailerstostruggleduetolowerpricesandwiderproductselectionsofferedbytheseplatforms.*解析思路：第二段明確說(shuō)明線上購(gòu)物平臺(tái)憑借價(jià)格優(yōu)勢(shì)和產(chǎn)品豐富度給實(shí)體零售商帶來(lái)沖擊，導(dǎo)致其難以競(jìng)爭(zhēng)。題目問(wèn)的是影響，需定位到具體的描述。3.Thedigitaleconomyhascreatedjobopportunitiesinlogisticsanddelivery,aswellasindigitalmarketingandcontentcreation.*解析思路：第三段指出數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)雖然導(dǎo)致一些崗位消失，但也創(chuàng)造了新崗位，并列舉了具體領(lǐng)域：物流配送、數(shù)字營(yíng)銷和內(nèi)容創(chuàng)作。總結(jié)時(shí)需包含這些新領(lǐng)域。4.Themainchallengerelatedtoprivacyandsecurityistheincreasedriskofdatabreachesandidentitytheftasmorepersonalinformationisstoredonline.*解析思路：第四段重點(diǎn)闡述數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)的另一大挑戰(zhàn)是隱私和安全問(wèn)題，具體表現(xiàn)為個(gè)人數(shù)據(jù)在線存儲(chǔ)增多導(dǎo)致的數(shù)據(jù)泄露和身份盜竊風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加大?？偨Y(jié)時(shí)需概括這一核心風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。5.Individualsneedtoacquirenewskills,businessesneedtoembracedigitaltechnologies,andgovernmentsneedtocreatepoliciesfordigitalinclusionandprivacyprotection.*解析思路：最后一段分別針對(duì)個(gè)人、企業(yè)和政府提出了適應(yīng)數(shù)字經(jīng)濟(jì)所需的適應(yīng)措施：個(gè)人學(xué)新技能、企業(yè)擁抱數(shù)字技術(shù)、政府制定促進(jìn)包容性和保護(hù)隱私的政策?？偨Y(jié)時(shí)需包含這三個(gè)主體的行動(dòng)。6.Climatechangehasledtomorefrequentandsevereweatherevents,meltingpolaricecaps,andrisingsealevels.*解析思路：第一段列舉了氣候變化導(dǎo)致的具體環(huán)境問(wèn)題，包括極端天氣事件頻發(fā)、極地冰蓋融化、海平面上升?？偨Y(jié)段落大意需概括這些問(wèn)題。7.Themainsourcesofgreenhousegasemissionsaretheburningoffossilfuels(coal,oil,andnaturalgas)anddeforestationaswellasindustrialactivities.*解析思路：第二段明確指出了溫室氣體排放的主要來(lái)源：化石燃料燃燒（煤、石油、天然氣）、森林砍伐和工業(yè)活動(dòng)?？偨Y(jié)時(shí)需包含這些具體來(lái)源。8.Onepolicymentionedisofferingtaxcreditstobusinessesthatinvestinrenewableenergytechnologies.*解析思路：第三段中提到政府可以通過(guò)提供稅收抵免來(lái)激勵(lì)企業(yè)投資可再生能源技術(shù)。題目要求找出具體政策，需定位并摘錄該措施。9.Usingcovercropsisanagriculturalpracticethatcanhelptoreducemethaneemissions.*解析思路：第四段提到農(nóng)民可以采用覆蓋作物等耕作方式來(lái)減少甲烷排放。題目問(wèn)的是具體方法，需定位到“覆蓋作物”這一措施。10.Individualscanmakelifestylechangessuchasreducingenergyconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andeatinglessmeattoaddressclimatechange.*解析思路：最后一段列舉了個(gè)人可以采取的應(yīng)對(duì)氣候變化的生活方式改變，包括節(jié)能、使用公共交通、減少肉食?？偨Y(jié)時(shí)需概括這些具體行為。11.Themainissuediscussedistheprevalenceandnegativeconsequencesoffakenews,suchasinfluencingpublicopinion,inciting