2024-2025學(xué)年上海市控江中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期3月學(xué)情調(diào)研英語試卷

一、語法填空(★★★)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Winter:ASeasonofContrastsThelongwintermonths,oftenlookedatasdepressinganddullbymany,arefullofpicture-makingopportunitiesforthelandscapeartist.Isuspectthat,likeme,agoodmanyartists1activelylookforwardtotheseason’spossibilitiestheseasonbrings.Asthetiredgreensoflatesummerturntoorangeandgoldandtheleavesfallfromthetreestobecrushedunderfoot,thelandscapeisrevealed.It’s2agreenveilhasbeenlifted.Vistas(景觀)openup,hiddenviews3(expose)andwegettoseenature’sframework.Winterisequivalenttosnow,despitethefactthatincreasinglymanyplacesseenotsomuchasasinglesnowflakeallwinter.Butwhenitsnows,itsendsmehurryingtowrapupwarmandgetoutside,searchingforpossibleimages,4alloftheexcitementofafive-year-oldseeingitforthefirsttime.Afallofarelativelylightsnowdramaticallytransformsthelandscape5(add)depthandpresentswonderfulpicture-makingopportunitiesthatcan’tbemissed.Thelandscapeissimplified,detailsdisappear,thesharpestofthingsblurs,contrastisincreased,coloursarereflected,andevenfamiliarlandscapeschangewithelements6resembleaJapanesewoodcut.Althoughwhitewilldefinitelydominate,thesnow-coveredsurfacesreachtheir7(brilliant)displayofallatsunset,shiningwithshadesoforangeandpink.TreeshaveadominatingpresenceinmanylandscapesespeciallyinnorthernEurope.Ilovedrawingandpaintingtreesinwinterandtakeeveryopportunitytonotedownandsketchthewaytheygrowforfuturereference.Whentreeslosetheirleaves,thoseevergreentrees,oftenhiddenfromview,becomemoreevidentandwillinevitablyfeatureperhapsmorethantheywouldinpaintings8(make)duringthewarmermonths.Clearlyfarfrombeingboringanddepressing,thewintermonthsarefilledwithrichnessforartists.It,infact,requiresjustanextrapush9(leave)thecomfortandwarmthofthestudio.Onceoutside,onemakesthatextraefforttogoforawalk,gathertheinformationandproducethoseexcitingimagesandvisualinterpretationsof10Ibelieveistheyear’smostexcitingandvisuallystimulatingseason.二、選詞填空(★★★)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordgiveninthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonemorewordthanyouneed.

A.adaptB.commitmentC.essenceD.honorsE.inspiredF.integrateG.lastingH.maintainI.rightfulJ.rootedK.underlinesOnDecember4,theUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO)puttheSpringFestivalonitsRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanityatthe19thSessionoftheIntergovernmentalCommitteefortheSafeguardingoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageinParaguay(巴拉圭).TheUNESCO’srecognition11theSpringFestivalnotonlyasasymbolofChina’sover5,000-year-oldcivilizationbutalsoasalivingtraditionthatgoesbeyondtimestrengtheningfamilialbonds,socialharmonyandculturalunderstanding.ItsrecognitionisaproofofChina’s12topreservingandsharingitsintangibleculturalheritagewiththeworldhighlightingtheuniversalvaluespresentinitsmostbelovedtraditions.TheSpringFestivalisfarmorethanaholiday.Deeply13inancientagrariansocieties(農(nóng)耕社會),itcelebratesrenewal,familyreunion,gratitude,servingasakaleidoscope(萬花筒)ofmeaningfulrituals,customsandartisticexpressions,fromtheiconicliondancesandredlanternstothesymbolismofreuniondinnersandredpackets.UNESCO’srecognitionalso14theimportanceoftheSpringFestivalasaculturalbridge,connectingthepastandpresentwhileofferingtheworldaglimpseintotheheartofChineseculture.China’sproactiveapproachtoprotectingitsintangibleheritageisinlinewithUNESCO’sbroadergoals,showcasinghowmodernityandtraditioncancoexist.China’seffortsinculturalpreservationarevaried,coveringeducation,documentationandactivepromotion.Schools15lessonsabouttraditionalcustoms,suchasthesignificanceofredcouplets(對聯(lián))anddumpling-making,intotheircurricula.Localgovernmentsorganizecommunityeventstoensurethatruralareas16theirculturalvitality.Mediaplatformsalsocelebratethesepractices,bringingthemintothehomesofyounger,tech-savvygenerations.PuttingtheSpringFestivalonUNESCO’slistenhancesthiscommitment,servingasareminderthatculturaldiversityenricheshumanityasawhole.Italsohighlightstheimportanceofpreservinglivingtraditionsthatevolveyetretaintheircore17.Inaglobalizedworldthisdynamicensuresthatheritagecan18withoutlosingitssoul.AstheSpringFestivaltakesits19placeamongtheworld’smosttreasuredculturalpractices,itremindsusthatheritageisnotjustarelicofthepastbutaguideforthefuture,asourceofidentity,inspirationandconnectioninanever-changingworld.Thefestival’sjourneyfromlocaltraditiontoglobaltreasureisapowerfulevidencetodisplaythe20strengthofcultureinunitinghumanity.三、完形填空(★★★)Weknowsomeonewhofitsthedescription.Youprobablyworkwithone;youmightevenberelatedtoone.AndwithChristmasapproaching,theseasonofofficepartiesandfamilygatheringsyou’reincreasinglylikelytohaveto_________withthemandrediscoverjusthowannoyingtheyare.I’mtalkingaboutknow-it-alls,peoplewhowillenthusiastically_________youaboutantopicoractivity,despiteobviouslyhavinglittletonoknowledgeinwhatthey’retalkingabout-andoftenwhenyoudo.Whywouldsomepeopleassume_________knowledgetoothers,abouteverypossiblesubject?Oneisthephenomenonof“naiverealism”(directrealismorcommonsenserealism),whichdescribeshowpeopleinstinctivelyassumethattheir_________oftheworldreflectobjectivereality.Inactuality,everythingweperceiveand“know”abouttheworldhasbeenfilteredthroughacomplexmesh(篩網(wǎng))ofcognitivebiases,sensoryshortcuts,shiftingemotionalmemoriesandmore.Whatwethinkisrealityinourheadsisoftennoticeably_________theactualreality,butwedon’trecognizethishappening.Asaresult,weregularlyencounterpeoplewhoseunderstandingoftheworldisverydifferenttoourown.Butnaiverealismmeansweassumethatthosewhounderstandtheworlddifferentlyare_________.Foraseeminglylargenumberofpeople,thisresultsinanirresistibleurgeto“correct”others.Itmayspringfromentirelygoodintentions,butthatdoesn’tmakeitanyless_________.Thiscanbethefullstory,_________,ascountlesspeoplebelieveothersarewrong,yetneverdoorsayanythingaboutit.Anotherpotentialcognitivebias_________,proposedinarecentstudybyProfHunterGehlbach,DrCarlyDRobinsonandProfAnnetteFlerch,publishedinthejournalPLoSONE,istheillusion(幻覺)ofinformationadequacy.Putsimply,thisdescribeshow,despitelackingsufficientinformationtomakecorrectjudgementsaboutsomething,manypeoplewillassumethe__________.It’slogicallyveryhardtorecognizeandtakeaccountofwhatwedon’tknow.A(n)__________oftheillusionofinformationadequacyandnaiverealismcanleadtopeoplebelievingtheyknowmorethantheyreallydo.Intheirminds,thisknowledgeismoreadvancedthanthatofothersandtheymusthurrytocorrectitThenthere’souroldfriend,theDunning-Krugereffect:thecognitivebiaswherepeoplewithlimitedcompetenceinacertainareatendto__________theirabilities.Theirlackofintellectualinsightmeansthey__________torecognizewhensomeoneelseknowsmorethanthem,they’llconfidentlyarguewiththosewhoarebetterinformed.Andbecausepeopleoftenrespondmoretoconfidencethan__________,theyusuallygetawaywithit.Ifthishappensoftenenough,theycouldconvincethemselvesthatthey’re__________onprettymucheverything,eventhoughtheoppositeistrue.21.A．identifyB．interactC．competeD．cooperate22.A．warnB．deceiveC．lectureD．consult23.A．superiorB．extensiveC．priorD．technical24.A．impressionB．recognitionC．imaginationD．perception25.A．distinctfromB．similartoC．freefromD．relativeto26.A．practicalB．unacceptableC．wrongD．incompetent27.A．bothersomeB．a(chǎn)cceptableC．rewardingD．insignificant28.A．thusB．howeverC．meanwhileD．moreover29.A．a(chǎn)tworkB．a(chǎn)thandC．inwayD．undercontrol30.A．normB．oppositeC．truthD．position31.A．combinationB．reflectionC．contradictionD．a(chǎn)ssociation32.A．enhanceB．overlookC．overestimateD．exercise33.A．expectB．hesitateC．pretendD．struggle34.A．honestyB．creditC．a(chǎn)uthorityD．a(chǎn)ccuracy35.A．enthusiastsB．expertsC．criticsD．optimists四、閱讀理解(★★★)WhenIlookbackonmychildhood,oneaspectstandsoutinmymemory:myloveofhistory.Icanrememberatimewhenhistoryhasn’tbeenapartofmylife,andmypassionforitwasarousedinmyearliestdays.IwasonlytwoorthreeyearsoldwhenmymumbegantoreadmetalesofKingArthurandtheKnightsoftheRoundTable,andbeforelong,theybecamearegularpartofmybedtimeroutine.IwasfascinatedbythestoriesoftheswordinthestoneandtheHolyGrail,andIwasattractedbyLancelotandGuinevere.WhenIwasfour,though,Ireceivedagiftthatwouldprovesoinspirationalthat—withoutmyknowledgeatthetime—ithelpedtosteerthedirectionofmycareer:TheWebtasticIllustratedBritishHistoryBook.Whenmymumgavethistome,publishedin1989,IdoubtshethoughtmuchbeyondthefactthatitmightopenformeagatewaytosomethingorsomeoneotherthanKingArthur—andshewasabsolutelyright.Ivividlyrememberleafingthroughthepagesandadmiringthepictures—andthenIcametooneimagethatreallycapturedmyattention:HenryVIIIandhissixwives.Theideaofakingwhohadmarriedsixtimesfascinatedtheinfantme,andIusedthebooktomemorizetheclassicrhymeabouttheirfate:divorced,beheaded,died,divorced,beheaded,survived.Simplyfromviewingpicturesofakingandhisspouses,myloveoftheTudors(都鐸王朝)wasborn—andsnowballed.Thatslimvolumewasmystartingpoint,andsoonitbegantoshowsignsofwear.IbecamedeterminedtofindoutallIcouldaboutHenryVIIIandhisextraordinaryfamily—ajourneythatI’mstillundertakingtothisday.IfIhadn’tbeengiventhatbookasachild,I’mcertainthatmycareerwould’vetakenanentirelydifferentdirection.Itwasasmallthing—butonethatmadeafar-reachingimpact.36.WhydidthemothergivetheauthorTheWebtasticIllustratedBritishHistoryBook?

A．Tomakebedtimemoreenjoyablefortheauthor.B．Toencouragetheauthortopursueacareerinhistory.C．Tohelptheauthorunderstandtheimportanceofreading.D．TointroducetheauthortootherhistoricaltopicsbesidesKingArthur.37.WhydoestheauthormentionseeingtheimageofHenryVIIIinthebook?

A．Todescribeherfascinationwithroyalmarriages.B．Toshowhowthisimageexcitedherdeepinterestinhistory.C．Tohighlighthowessentialillustrationsareinachildren’shistorybook.D．Tosuggestthattheimageinfluencedherviewofhistoricalevents.38.Whichpieceofthefollowingadviceistheauthormostlikelytogivetoparents?

A．Exposechildrentohistoryearlyonbecauseitisimportantfortheirgrowth.B．Prioritizecontentoverengagingillustrationswhenchoosingbooksforchildren.C．Introducechildrentoacademicstoshapetheirfuturecareers.D．Encouragechildren’sexplorationofinterestswithresources.39.Whichofthefollowingproverbsbestreflectsthemainthemeofthepassage?

A．Atinyflamecanstartafire.B．Youreapwhatyousow.C．Stillwatersrundeep.D．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.(★★★)

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A．EnthusiastsofextremesportslookingforrelatedproductsB．Individualswhoenjoycollectingmilitary-stylegearfordisplay.C．ThosewhoareconcernedaboutsafetyandpreparednessforemergenciesD．Peoplewhoareintodesigningnaturereserves.41.WhichofthefollowingstrategiesareusedinthepromotionoftheDesertCamoEmergencySurvivalKit?①Highlightingtheurgencyofbuyingduetolimitedstock.②Featuringreviewsfromcelebritiestobuildtrust.③Offeringamoney-backguaranteetoensurecustomersatisfaction.④Givingdiscountstomakethepricemoreappealing.

A．①②③B．①③④C．①②④D．②③④42.Whatdoesthesentence“Yourmove,MotherNature.”implyintheadvertisement?

A．MotherNatureispowerlessagainsttherefundpolicy.B．Thekitisreadytohandleanydisastersoremergencies.C．ThekitisagiftforMotherNaturetohelpprotecttheenvironment.D．Thecompanywon’tproducethekitanymoreunlessnaturedemandsit.(★★★)Earth’splantsaren’tholdingontocarbonforaslongaswethought.Ananalysisofpulses(脈沖)ofcarbon-14fromnuclearbombtestsinthe20thcenturyrevealsthatplantsstockmorecarboninshort-livedtissuessuchasleavesthanpreviouslyestimated,scientistsreportintheJune21Science.Butthiscarbonisprobablymorevulnerabletoreleasetotheatmospherethanlong-livedtissues,theteamsays,potentiallyalteringestimatesofhowmuchanthropogenic(人為的)carbonplantsandsoilcanhold.Since1945,theUnitedStates,Russiaandothercountrieshavedetonated(引爆)morethan2,000nucleardevicesinweaponstests.Eachexplosionhassentalargeamountofradioactivecarbon-14,avariantofcarbon,intotheatmosphere.Fromthere,thecarbonhasmadeitswaythroughtheoceans,plantsandsoils.Thebursts,scientistsrealized,werealotlikepulsesofradioactivemedicaltracerstravelingthroughahumanbody.Theyofferauniqueopportunityforresearcherstofollowthecarbon,analyzingwhereandhowlongithasbeenstoredandreleased.Astheclimateheatsupduetorisinglevelsofcarbondioxide,thereisaneedtounderstandhowlongEarth’sterrestrialbiosphere-itsplantsandsoils-cantrapsomeofthatcarbon,saysatmosphericscientistHeatherGravenofImperialCollegeLondon.Currentclimatemodelsestimatethattheterrestrialbiospheretakesupabout30percentofhuman-causedCO2emissions.Gravenandcolleagueswonderedhowwellsuchmodelsrepresentcarbon-14fromthebombtests.Sotheteamfocusedonabriefspanoftime,from1963to1967,duringwhichthereweren’tanytestsandthusnonewpulsestoconfusethedata.Thescientistsalsofocusedonjusttheplant-growthpartofcarbonstorage.Usingdatafromaircraft,stratospheric(平流層)balloonsandoceanbuoys(浮標),Gravenandcolleaguesreassessedestimatesofhowmuchbombcarbon-14enteredtheupperatmosphereduringthattimeperiod,andhowmuchmovedintotheloweratmosphereandintotheoceans.Fromthere,theteamcalculatedhowmuchmusthaveenteredthebiosphereandusedsatellitedataonvegetationandcomputermodelstoestimatewhereplantsstoredthecarbon.Theresultsweresurprising,Gravensays.Thoughplantsabsorbatleast80trillionkilogramsofcarboneachyear—possiblytwiceasmuchascurrentestimates—alotofthatcarbonistransportedtoleavesandthinroots.Thosetissuesareespeciallyvulnerabletodegradationthatreleasescarbonbacktotheatmosphere.Thecarbongoingintoplantsnow“isnotgoingtobethereaslongaswethought,”Gravensays.Still,thefindingsstresstheneedtocontrolfossilfuelemissions,shesays.“Thereisalimittohowmuchcarboncanbestoredinvegetation.”43.WhatisthemainfindingofthestudyintheJune21Science?

A．Plantsabsorbcarbonfromtheatmosphereatahigherratethanexpected.B．Short-livedplanttissuesstorecarbonforashorterperiodthanpreviouslybelieved.C．Carboninlong-livedtissuesaremorelikelytobereleasedbackintotheatmosphere.D．Plantsstoreagreateramountofcarboninshort-livedtissuesthanoriginallyestimated.44.Whatistheroleofcarbon-14fromnuclearbombtestsintheexperiment?

A．Itactsasatooltomonitorhumanhealthandmedicalconditions.B．Itservesasareferencepointforcalculatinglong-termcarbonstorage.C．Ithelpsresearcherstrackhowcarbonmovesthroughtheenvironment.D．Itisusedtomeasurethelevelofradioactiveemissionsfromthebombs45.WhydidGravenandherteamfocusontheperiodfrom1963to1967intheirstudy?

A．Therewasanoticeableincreaseinplantgrowthduringtheseyears.B．Thecarbonstoragepatternsintheoceansweremorestableduringthisperiod.C．Thisperiodmarkedasignificantdecreaseincarbon-14levelsintheatmosphere.D．Nonewnucleartestsoccurredduringthistime,thusensuringdataaccuracy.46.WhatmessagedoesHeatherGraven’sresearchconvey?

A．Thereisnoneedtoworrybecauseplantsabsorbmorecarbonthanestimated.B．Thoughplantsabsorbalotofcarbon,reducingcarbonemissionsremainscrucialC．Thecapacityofplantstostorecarboncanbemaximizedasmuchaspossible.D．Theuseoffossilfuelsisnolongeramajorcontributortoclimatechange.(★★★)CouldSoundCuesHelpBoostLucidDreaming?Ifyouwanttohaveadreamwhereyouknowyou’redreaming,youmightbeinluck.47Beforebed,theapphasuserslistentoaspecificsound,suchasaseriesofbeeps,andpracticeassociatingthatcuewithakeenawarenessoftheirthoughtsandbody.Whentheappplaysthatsoundsixhourslater,it’smeanttoreactivatethatself-awareness,guidingsleepinguserstobecomelucidinthemiddleofadream.48Butaresearcherusuallytrackssomeone’ssleepduringtheREMstage,whenluciddreamsaremostlikely.Newexperimentsshowthataroughcopyofthattechniqueusinganappcanpromoteluciddreamingathome,researchersreportintheOctoberConsciousnessandCognition.NeuroscientistKarenKonkolyofNorthwesternUniversityinEvanston,III.,andcolleaguesbuiltandtestedtheapp.Inoneexperiment,19peopleusediteverynightforaweek.Duringthepreviousweek,thegroupreportedanaverageof0.74luciddreams.Duringtheweekofappuse,thatincreasedtoanaverageof2.11luciddreams.49Sotheteamrananotherexperimentwith112people.Everyonegotlucidity-triggeringsoundsfromtrainingwhiletheysleptthefirstnight.Butonthesecondnight,theappswitchedthingsup.Only40peopleheardsoundsfromtrainingwhiletheyslept.Another35gotnewsounds.Thefinal37heardnosounds.Thefirstnight,17percentofparticipantsreportedluciddreams.Thesecondnight,peoplewhoheardtrainingsoundskeptupthatrateofluciddreamingwhilejust5percentofthepeopleintheothertwogroupshadluciddreams.50

A．Theuseofsoundcues(提示)insleepstudieshasbeenacommonpracticefordecades,butitisnotalwayssuccessful.B．Thissuggestedthattherealsoundcueswereindeedbehindtheapp’seffectiveness.C．Aphoneappstillintestingseemstoboostusers’oddsofhavinglucid(清醒的)dreams.D．Thesetypesofsensorycueshaveprovedfairlyeffectiveforcausingluciddreamsinsleepstudies.E．Theexperimentfoundthatusingtheappresultedinsignificantimprovementsinparticipantssleepquality.F．Butitwasn’tcompletelyclearthattheapp’ssoundcuesledtothatincrease五、書面表達(★★)51.Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhyDoPeopleTakeSoLongtoReplytoTextMessages?We’veallhadthatfrustratingexperienceoftextingsomeoneandfailingtogetananswer.Itcanbeespeciallydisappointingwhenyoutexttomakeanarrangement,sharesomegossipornews,andyou’reexcitedtohearwhattheotherperson’sresponsemightbe.Youwaitwhiletheminutesturntohours,thendays-andultimatelyyougiveupwaitingandit’sdifficultnottobearagrudge(怨恨).Therearesomebasic,practicalreasonswhypeoplesometimesfailtorespondstraightaway,buttherearealsosomedeeperfactorstoconsider.Onapracticallevel,it’spossibletheotherpersonreadyourmessagewhentheyweren’tinapositiontorespond-suchasduringanonlinemeetingorbecausetheywerechattingtosomeoneinreallife-andthentheysimplyforgotallaboutit.Somepsychologicalreasonsforalackofresponsearemoreinteresting.Youmightfearthatyou’rebeingignored,butanotherpossibilityisthattheotherpersonisstrugglingtofindtherightwords.Peoplewithperfectionisttendencies,inparticular,canfinditdifficulttorespond-theirreplyhastobesu