第08講新課學(xué)習(xí)必修第二冊(cè)Unit5（課文學(xué)習(xí)&語(yǔ)法過(guò)關(guān)）課文學(xué)習(xí)THEVIRTUALCHOIR虛擬合唱團(tuán)Imaginehavingthe

opportunity

tosingtogetherwith

hundredsof

otherpeoplewhileyouareathomealone.Youcandothisinavirtualchoir.Virtualchoirmembersrecordthemselveswhiletheyperformaloneonvideo.Thesevideosareuploaded

onto

theInternet,andthentheyareputtogetherintoonevideothatyoucanseeonline—avirtualchoir.Anyonecan

takepartin

avirtualchoirfromanywhere—allyouneedisavideocameraandanInternetconnection.Youdonotevenneeda

studio.Avirtualchoirhelpsconnect

ordinary

peopletogether.Manypeopledonothaveclosefriendsorcontactswhohavethesameinterestinmusic.Manyothersdonot

havethechanceto

joinalocalchoir.Avirtualchoir

enables

themtoaddtheirvoicestothoseofotherindividualsandbeepartoftheglobalmunity.Ithas

proved

tobeapositiveinfluenceonthelivesofmanypeople.Asonevirtualchoirmembersaid,“Musichelpsmetoforgetmyproblems.Withmusic,Ibeesomeoneelse.”想象一下你獨(dú)自在家就有機(jī)會(huì)與數(shù)百人一起歌唱。你可以在虛擬合唱團(tuán)中做到這一點(diǎn)。虛擬合唱團(tuán)成員在單獨(dú)錄制視頻的同時(shí)進(jìn)行錄制他們自己。這些視頻被上傳到網(wǎng)上，然后被整合成一個(gè)你可以在線觀看的視頻——一個(gè)虛擬合唱團(tuán)。任何人從任何地方都可以參加虛擬合唱團(tuán)——你所需要的只是一臺(tái)攝像機(jī)和互聯(lián)網(wǎng)連接。你甚至不需要錄音棚。虛擬合唱團(tuán)有助于將普通人聯(lián)系在一起。許多人沒(méi)有對(duì)音樂(lè)有相同興趣的親密朋友或聯(lián)系人。許多其他人沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)參加當(dāng)?shù)氐暮铣獔F(tuán)。虛擬合唱團(tuán)使他們能夠?qū)⒆约旱穆曇艏尤氲狡渌说穆曇糁?，并成為全球社區(qū)的一部分。事實(shí)證明，這對(duì)許多人的生活產(chǎn)生了積極影響。正如一位虛擬合唱團(tuán)成員所說(shuō)：“音樂(lè)可以幫助我……忘記我的煩惱。在音樂(lè)的幫助下，我變成了另一個(gè)人?！?/p>

Thevirtualchoirwastheideaof

awardwinningposerandconductorEricWhitacre.BornintheUSAon2January1970,WhitacrebeganstudyingmusicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.HefellinlovewithMozart’sclassicalmusicwhenhesangfortheuniversitychoir.Movedbythismusic,hesaid,“Itwaslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”He

graduatedfrom

universityin1995,andthen

receivedamaster’sdegreein

musicalpositionfromtheJuilliardSchoolinNewYorkin1997.Overthenext10years,Whitacre’s

original

positionsbegantobeequitepopularamongchoirsandsingers.This

ledto

thecreationofthevirtualchoir.虛擬合唱團(tuán)是屢獲殊榮的作曲家兼指揮家埃里克·惠塔克的創(chuàng)意?；菟擞?970年1月2日出生在美國(guó)，1988年開(kāi)始在內(nèi)華達(dá)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)音樂(lè)。當(dāng)他為大學(xué)合唱團(tuán)唱歌時(shí)，他愛(ài)上了莫扎特的古典音樂(lè)。他被這段音樂(lè)打動(dòng)了，他說(shuō)：“那種(興奮的)感覺(jué)就如同第一次看見(jiàn)色彩一樣。”他于1995年大學(xué)畢業(yè)，隨后于1997年獲得紐約茱莉亞音樂(lè)學(xué)院音樂(lè)創(chuàng)作碩士學(xué)位。在接下來(lái)的十多年里，惠塔克的原創(chuàng)作品在合唱團(tuán)和歌手中開(kāi)始流行。這促使了虛擬合唱團(tuán)的創(chuàng)建。

In2009,Whitacrereceivedavideoofagirlwhowassingingoneofhisworks.Inspired,heaskedhisfanstomakevideos,whichhethenjoinedtogetherintoone

performance.Hisfirstvirtualchoir,“LuxAurumque”,had185singersfrom12differentcountries.IthasreceivedmillionsofviewsontheInternet.Sincethen,thevirtualchoirhasbeeaworldwide

phenomenon.Whitacre’snexteffortwastheVirtualYouthChoirforUNICEF,whichwasfirstseenon

stage

on23July2014intheUK.

Altogether,2,292youngpeoplefrom80countriesjoinedintosingWhitacre’ssong“WhatIf”.2009年，惠塔克收到了一個(gè)女孩在演唱他的作品的視頻。受到啟發(fā)，他讓歌迷們制作視頻，然后將視頻合并到一個(gè)表演中。他的第一支虛擬合唱團(tuán)《金色光芒》有來(lái)自12個(gè)不同國(guó)家的185位歌手。它在上收到數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的瀏覽量。從那時(shí)起，虛擬合唱團(tuán)已成為一種全球現(xiàn)象。惠塔克的第二個(gè)壯舉是打造聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)“虛擬青年合唱團(tuán)”，該合唱團(tuán)于2014年7月23日在英國(guó)首次亮相?？偣灿衼?lái)自80個(gè)國(guó)家的2292名青年參與演唱惠塔克的歌曲《假如》。

Thevirtualchoirisawonderfulwayforpeoplearoundtheworldtosingwithonevoiceand

thus

maketheworldabetterplace.虛擬合唱團(tuán)是讓全國(guó)各地的人用同一個(gè)聲音唱歌，從而使整個(gè)世界變得更美好的絕妙方式。二Goodmorning,mynameisSarahWilliams.It’sanhonourtobehereandtosharewith

youthestoryofhowmusichas

hadanimpacton

mylife.早上好，我叫莎拉·威廉姆斯。很榮幸來(lái)到這里與大家分享音樂(lè)是如何影響我的人生的。

Haveyoueverfacedatimewhenthingslookeddarkandyouhadnohopeatall?Twoyearsago,IwastoldIhadaserious

disease

whichwasdifficulttocure.Mybody

ached

allthetimeandthusIthoughtIdidn’thavemuchlongertolive.IwasveryafraidandIfeltsoaloneanddiscouraged.Thenoneday,Ihadtogothroughatwohourmedical

treatment.

Thedoctorwantedmetorelax,sohehadmelistentosomemusic,andoneofthesongswas“Happy”.ThesongmademefeelsomuchbetterthatfromthenonIbegantolistentomusicallthetime.JohnA.Logansaid,“Musicisthemedicineofthemind.”Andit’strue.Musichelpedmerecover.你有沒(méi)有過(guò)這樣的經(jīng)歷：事物看起來(lái)一片漆黑，而你感到毫無(wú)希望？?jī)赡昵?，我得知我患了?yán)重疾病，難以治愈。我的身體一直在疼痛，所以我以為我活不了多久了。我很害怕，我感到如此的孤獨(dú)和沮喪。后來(lái)有一天，我不得不接受了兩小時(shí)的治療。醫(yī)生讓我放松，所以他讓我聽(tīng)了一些音樂(lè)，其中一首歌是《快樂(lè)》。這首歌讓我感覺(jué)好多了，從那時(shí)起，我開(kāi)始一直聽(tīng)音樂(lè)。約翰·洛根說(shuō)：“音樂(lè)是心靈的良藥?！钡拇_如此，音樂(lè)幫助我康復(fù)了。

Musicgavemehappiness.WhenIlistenedtomusic,itmademyspiritsflylikeakiteinthewind.Musicgavemestrengthandbroughtmerelief.ItwastherockIleantontobeestrongandtogetthroughthosehardtimes.

Moreover,

musicgavemehopeandasenseof

satisfaction.

Itbecamemybestfriend.Itspokewordsofencouragementtothedeepestpartofmy

being.音樂(lè)給了我幸福。當(dāng)我聽(tīng)音樂(lè)時(shí)，我的精神像風(fēng)中的風(fēng)箏一樣飛翔。音樂(lè)給了我力量，給我?guī)?lái)了解脫。它是我所依靠的巖石，它讓我變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，并度過(guò)了那些艱難的歲月。而且，音樂(lè)給了我希望和滿足感。它成為了我最好的朋友。它讓我的內(nèi)心深受鼓舞。

Ofcourse,IhopenoneofyouhavetogothroughthesamekindofsufferingthatIdid.Atthesametime,weallgothrough

various

periodswhenwefeelsadoralone.Duringthosetimes,musiccanhelpyouinthesamewaythatithelpedme.Ihopeallofyouwill

somehow

begintotreasuremusicandmakeitapartofyourlife.當(dāng)然，我希望大家都不要經(jīng)歷和我一樣的痛苦。同時(shí)，我們都會(huì)經(jīng)歷各種悲傷或孤獨(dú)的時(shí)期。在那些時(shí)候，音樂(lè)可以幫助你，就像它幫助我一樣。我希望大家能以某種方式都能開(kāi)始珍惜音樂(lè)，并讓它融入到你們的生活。Thankyou!謝謝！隨堂練習(xí)：語(yǔ)法填空Haveyoueverimaginedsingingtogetherwithmanypeoplewithoutleavingyourownhome?Hereestheopportunity81(do)sowiththehelpofavirtualchoir.Avirtualchoirisaglobalphenomenon82memberscanuploadvideosoftheirsingingaloneonlineandthenthevideoswillbeputtogetherintoone83(perform).YoucanjoinavirtualchoirfromanywhereandwhatyouneedisavideocameraandanInternetconnection.Inthiswayordinarypeoplewhoare84(interest)inmusiccanaddtheirvoicestothoseofothers,beingpartoftheglobalmunity.Sofarit85(prove)tobeapositiveinfluenceonthelivesformanypeople.Theideaofthevirtualchoir86(original)camefromaposernamedErieWhitacrewhowasalso87popularconductor.In2009,hereceivedavideoofagirlsingingoneofhisworks.88(inspire),hebegantoaskhisfanstomakevideosandthenallthevideoswerejoinedtogetherintoonewhichwasknown89hisfirstvirtualchoir“LuxAurumque”.Eversince,thevirtualchoirhasbeenoneofthemostpopular90(phenomenon)intheworld.Withthevirtualchoir,peoplefromallovertheworldcansingtogetherandmaketheworldabetterplace.81．todo82．where83．performance84．interested85．hasproved86．originally87．a(chǎn)88．Inspired89．a(chǎn)s90．phenomena【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章講述了虛擬合唱團(tuán)如何誕生及其意義。閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thevirtualchoirwas91ideaofawardwinningposerandconductorEricWhitacre.92(bore)intheUSAon2January1970,Whitacrebegan93(study)musicattheUniversityofNevadain1988.He94(fall)inlovewithMozart’sclassicalmusicwhenhesangfortheuniversitychoir.Moved95thismusic,hesaid,“96waslikeseeingcolorforthefirsttime.”Hegraduatedfromuniversityin1995,97thenreceivedamaster’sdegreemusicalpositionfromtheJuilliardSchoolinNewYorkin1997.Overthenext10years,Whitacre’s98(origin)positionsbegantobeequitepopularamongchoirsand99(sing).Thisledtothe100(create)ofthevirtualchoir.91．the92．Born93．studying94．fell95．By96．it97．And98．original99．singers100．creation【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。介紹了獲獎(jiǎng)作曲家和指揮家埃里克·惠塔克以及他的虛擬唱詩(shī)班的創(chuàng)建背景。重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法：過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)法意義:語(yǔ)態(tài)方面:從語(yǔ)態(tài)上講，過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)表示被動(dòng)意義，即分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子主語(yǔ)之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Encouragedbywhattheteachersaid,thestudentdecidedtoworkevenharder.在老師的話的鼓勵(lì)下，那名學(xué)生決定更加努力學(xué)習(xí)。時(shí)間方面:過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))表示被動(dòng)動(dòng)作的完成。Seriouslyinjured,hehadtobetakentothehospital.由于傷勢(shì)嚴(yán)重，他必須被送到醫(yī)院。二．過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)的基本用法:1.過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)的功能及位置：(1).過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)，修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作和狀態(tài)，即動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)的背景或狀況，其邏輯主語(yǔ)通常就是句子的主語(yǔ)，且主語(yǔ)是過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作的承受者(即過(guò)去分詞表示的動(dòng)作不是句子的主語(yǔ)發(fā)出的)，過(guò)去分詞與主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系。Builtthirtyyearsago,thehouselooksverybeautiful.盡管這座房子是三十年前(被)建造的，但它看起來(lái)很漂亮。(2).過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作條件、原因及時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在句首；作伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在句末；作方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在句末，有時(shí)也放在句首；作讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在句首，有時(shí)也放在句末。Givenanotherhour(=IfIamgivenanotherhour),Icanalsoworkoutthisproblem.如果再給我一個(gè)小時(shí)，我也能把這道題做出來(lái)。2.過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))作狀語(yǔ)的種類:(1).作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在句首，可轉(zhuǎn)換為when,while或after等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。Discussedmanytimes(=Aftertheywerediscussedmanytime),theproblemsweresettledatlast.多次討論之后這些問(wèn)題終于解決了。(2).作條件狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在句首，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if,once或unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。United,westand;divided,wefall.=Ifweareunited,westand;ifwearedivided,wefall.團(tuán)結(jié)則存，分裂則亡。.作原因狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般置于句首，可轉(zhuǎn)換為as,since或because等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。Encouragedbytheprogresshehasmade(=Asheisencouragedbytheprogresshehasmade),Tomworksharder.由于受到所取得的進(jìn)步的鼓舞，湯姆更努力工作了。(4).作讓步狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在句首，有時(shí)也放在句末，可轉(zhuǎn)換為although,though或evenif等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。Exhaustedbytheclimb(=Althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb),wecontinuedourjourney.我們雖然爬得很累，但仍然繼續(xù)我們的旅程。(5).作方式狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，一般放在句末，有時(shí)也放在句首，如有連詞asif，就可轉(zhuǎn)換為asif引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句；若無(wú)連詞，則可轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。Theoldmangotonthebus,supportedbyagirl.=Theoldmangotonthebusandhewassupportedbyagirl.在一位姑娘的扶下，那位老人上了公共汽車。(6).作伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常放在句末，一般可轉(zhuǎn)換為并列結(jié)構(gòu)。MrsWucamein,followedbyherdaughter.=MrsWucameinandshewasfollowedbyherdaughter.吳太太走了進(jìn)來(lái)，后面跟著她的女兒。三、過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）作狀語(yǔ)的注意事項(xiàng):1.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，其邏輯主語(yǔ)必須與句子的主語(yǔ)保持一致，否則要用狀語(yǔ)從句或獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)(由名詞/代詞+過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成)，有時(shí)也可用with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。(1).Givenachance,wecansurprisetheworld.若給我們一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我們會(huì)令世界驚奇。(2).Theirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.=Whentheirhomeworkhadbeenfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.=Withtheirhomeworkfinished,thechildrenwentouttoplay.他們的家庭作業(yè)完成后，孩子們就出去玩了。2.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，可根據(jù)需要在其前面加上while,when,before,after,since,until,once,though,although,unless,asif,asthough,evenif,eventhough等詞或短語(yǔ)。(1).Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.這些英語(yǔ)單詞很容易被忘記，除非不斷重復(fù)(記).Whenaskedwhyshecamehere,thegirlkeptsilent.當(dāng)有人她為什么來(lái)這里時(shí)，那個(gè)女孩沉默不語(yǔ)。3.有些過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不強(qiáng)調(diào)被動(dòng)而重在描述主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。這樣的過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))常見(jiàn)的有:injured(受傷的)、seated(坐下來(lái)的)、hidden(隱藏的)、lost/absorbedin(沉浸于)、dressedin(穿著)、tiredof(厭煩)等。Lostinthought,Ididn’thearthebell.由于陷入沉思之中，我沒(méi)有聽(tīng)到鈴聲。拓展：Filledwithteamspirit,theyactasawhole,alwaysaimingforglory.他們作為一個(gè)整體，充滿團(tuán)隊(duì)精神，總是追求榮譽(yù)。句式剖析:Filledwithteamspirit，theyactasawhole，alwaysaimingforglory.過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作原因狀語(yǔ)句子的主干現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)提煉：現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作伴隨狀語(yǔ)：(1).現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)就是分詞(短語(yǔ))所表示的動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者;(2).現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))所表示的動(dòng)作是伴隨著句子謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作而發(fā)生或存在的，是主語(yǔ)的另一個(gè)較次要的動(dòng)作;(3).現(xiàn)在分詞(短語(yǔ))作伴隨狀語(yǔ)時(shí)通常位于句末，沒(méi)有相應(yīng)的狀語(yǔ)從句可以轉(zhuǎn)換，但它可以轉(zhuǎn)換成相應(yīng)的并列句。①.Thechildrenranoutoftheroom,laughingandtalkingmerrily.孩子們跑出房間，偷快地談笑著。②.Shecameintothehouse,carryingalotofbooks.(=Shecameintothehouseandcarriedalotofbooks.)她拿著許多書走進(jìn)了房間。③.Helayonthegrass,staringattheskyforalongtime.(=Helayonthegrassandstaredattheskyforalongtime.)他躺在草地上，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間地凝視著天空。4.過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：語(yǔ)法邏輯關(guān)系時(shí)間概念過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即表被動(dòng)過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作往往發(fā)生于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前，或表示“一種狀態(tài)”，與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或存在現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式(doing)和完成式(havingdone)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即表主動(dòng)現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式(doing)表示的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或幾乎同時(shí)發(fā)生；現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式(havingdone)表示的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作之前Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.從山上看，這座城市就像座大花園。(see與句子的主語(yǔ)thecity之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系)Seeingfromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.從山上看，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這座城市就像一座大花園。(see與句子的主語(yǔ)you之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系)注意:過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式(havingbeendone)作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，都具有被動(dòng)意義，有時(shí)可以互換，但是”havingbeendone”結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作先于句子的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞所表示的動(dòng)作。Shownaroundthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.=Havingbeenshownaroundthelab,weweretakentoseethelibrary.參觀了實(shí)驗(yàn)室之后，我們又被帶去參觀圖書館。隨堂練習(xí)一．單句語(yǔ)法填空①Iwastoo(tire)towalkanyfurther.②Whenheheardthestory，hewasdeeply．(move)③Tomwasmore(surprise)than(disappoint)atthisnews.【答案】1.tired2.moving3.surprised二．用過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)改寫下列句子①Althoughwewereexhaustedbytheclimb，wecontinuedourjourney.→，wecontinuedourjourney.②Shewasdressedinwhiteandsuddenlyappeared.→，shesuddenlyappeared.③AuntWucameinandshewasfollowedbyherdaughter.→AuntWucamein，．【答案】1.Exhaustedbytheclimb2.Dressedinwhite3.followedbyherdaughter三.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．BothheandIare(satisfy)withtheresult.2．Sheacceptedthegift，deeply(move).3．Wewenttothecinema，(fill)withexcitement.4．Once(pour)，watercannotbetakenback.5．(see)thosepictures，hecouldn'thelpthinkingofthosedaysinhishometown.6．Thenewswasandtheywereallatit.(excite)7．Weallfeltatthenews.(encourage)8．Generallyspeaking，when(take)accordingtothedirections，thedrughasnosideeffect.9．When(ask)aboutthesecretofhissuccess，thefamousathletesaidthatheowesmuchofhissuccessandhappinesstohiswifeandchildren.10．Clearlyandthoughtfully(write)，thebookinspiresconfidenceinstudentswhowishtoseektheirownanswers.【答案】1.satisfied2.moved3.filled4.poured5.Seeing6.exciting，excited7.encouraged，encouraging8.taken9.asked10.written四.短文語(yǔ)法填空Songqingling1.(bear)on27thJanuary1893inShanghai，oneofthegreatest2.(leader)ofChina，wasawell-knownstateswoman.Whenshewasyoung，shewasmuch3.(concern)aboutthefutureofChina.4.(late)shetookpartinmanyactivitiestofightforthefreedomofChinesepeople.5.thefoundationofthePRC，shewas6.(plete)devotedtothe7.(develop)ofnewChinaandplayedanimportantpartinmanyactivities.On8thMay1981，shediedinBeijingattheageof88，8.broughtgreatsorrowtotheChinesepeople.9.(honor)asoneofthegreatestwomenofthe20thcentury，she10.(remember)bytheChinesepeopleforever.【答案】1.born2.leaders3.concerned4.Later5.After6pletely7.development8.which9.Honored10.isremembered語(yǔ)法填空BeijingOpera1.__________(consider)asanationaltreasureinChina,which2.__________(date)backtoover200yearsago.TheearlyQingDynastysawthegreat3.___________(develop)ofit.EmperorQianlongoftheQingDynastyhad4.____________interestinthelocalopera.5.____________(celebrate)hiseightiethbirthday,heaskedoperatroupes(戲班)6._________differentplacestoperformforhiminBejing,sothefourbigHuibanOperaTroupesenteredthecapital.7.__________(gradual),theybinedwithKunquOpera,QinqiangOperaandHandiaoOperatoformthepresentBeijingOpera.BeijingOperaisaformoftraditionalChinesetheatre8.___________binesmusic,performancesanddance.Manyaudiencesfromdifferent9._________(country)thinkthatitisthe10.__________(large)andmostinfluentialkindofoperainChinaandtheinfluenceisinparable.1.isconsidered2.dates3.development4.an5.Tocelebrate6.from7.Gradually8.which/that9.countries10.largest能力提升一.語(yǔ)法填空Peoplehaveallturnedtosadmusictomake1.________(they)feelbetteratsomepointintheirlives,butwhydoesthemusicwithdoublesadnesshelpdragpeopleoutoflowspirits?Anewstudythrowslightonwhat'sgoingoninsidepeople'sbrainswhentheymatchtheirmusictotheirfeelings,anditlooksasifsadmusiccanbeenjoyable,ratherthan2.________(simple)depressing.Musicofthissortcanarousepositivememoriesinpeople'slife,thus3.________(lift)theirmood.PsychologistAdrianNorthfromCurtinUniversityinAustraliasays4.________existtwogroupsofpossibleexplanationsforwhypeopleenjoylistening5.________sadmusic—onefromsocialpsychology(心理學(xué)),andtheotherfromcognitiveneuroscience(神經(jīng)學(xué))．Intermsofsocialpsychology,oneideaaboutthisisthatpeoplewillfeel6.________(good)aboutthemselvesiftheyfocusonsomeonewho'sdoingevenworse.Everything'sgoingtobeokay,becausethispersonishaving7.________evenworsedaythantheyare.Anotherideafromsocialpsychologyisthatpeopleliketolistentotheverymusic8.________showstheirpresentlifecircumstances,becausethiskindofmusicmakesthemfeeltheyareunderstood.Withtheiremotions9.________(share),theydefinitelygetacertainamountoffort.Sosadmusicdoescheerpeopleup,andit10.________(work)farbetterthanhappymusic,inmostcases.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要介紹了傷感的音樂(lè)對(duì)人們的影響。傷感的音樂(lè)能使人振奮，而且在大多數(shù)情況下，它比快樂(lè)的音樂(lè)更有效。1．themselves【解析】考查代詞。設(shè)空處作make的賓語(yǔ)，指代主語(yǔ)People，當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)跟主語(yǔ)是同一個(gè)對(duì)象時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)應(yīng)用反身代詞。故填themselves。2．simply【解析】考查副詞。修飾形容詞應(yīng)用副詞。故填simply。3．lifting【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。設(shè)空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，lift與句子主語(yǔ)為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，且表示自然而然的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞。thus為副詞，意為“這樣”。故填lifting。4．there【解析】考查固定句型。Thereexists...為固定句型，意為“有……”。故填there。5．to【解析】考查固定搭配。listento為固定搭配，意為“聽(tīng)……”。故填to。6．better【解析】考查形容詞比較級(jí)。句意為：社會(huì)心理學(xué)對(duì)此有一種觀點(diǎn)，即如果人們把注意力集中在一個(gè)做得更糟糕的人身上，他們的自我感覺(jué)便會(huì)好一些。根據(jù)空后的evenworse可知此處應(yīng)用比較級(jí)，故填better。7．a(chǎn)n【解析】考查冠詞。句意為：一切都會(huì)好起來(lái)的，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)人的處境比他們還要糟糕。此處泛指“一天”，其前應(yīng)用不定冠詞。even以元音音素開(kāi)頭，故填an。8．that【解析】考查定語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)詞。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，music是先行詞，從句缺少主語(yǔ)，且先行詞由thevery修飾，所以應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞that，不可以用which。故填that。9．shared【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意為：隨著他們的情緒得以分享，他們肯定會(huì)得到一定程度的安慰。此處是“with＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)，emotions和share之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞形式，故填shared。10．works【解析】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。work是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與主語(yǔ)it之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，逗號(hào)前的分句使用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以此處也應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故填works。提高練習(xí)：完型填空Asweallknow,afriendinneedisafriendindeed.Ireallydon’tknowthemeaningofthisproverbuntilonedaysomething____41____happenedtome.Thatmorning,Igotuplateandwenttoschoolwithoutbreakfast____42____.Whilecrossingastreet,mybike____43____astoneandIfellontheground,withmybothkneesbadlyinjured.Imanagedthe____44____andcontinuedmyriding.Onmyarrivalatschool,myteachertookustothe____45____forabasketballmatch.____46____thefactthatIcouldhardlywalknormally,Ijoinedinthegame.WhenI____47____topasstheball,Iwasknockeddownandfelldownonmyback.Icouldnot____48____thebadpainandburstintotears.Myclassmatesallstarted____49____atmeandcontinuedtheirmatchwithoutme.Leftaloneontheplayground,Icouldn’thelpfeeling_____50_____sorry.Justatthatmoment,Jack,oneofmyteammates,_____51_____towardsmefromtheotherendandhelpedme.Hefortedmeandtriedall_____52_____tomakemestand.Heaskedanotherclassmateto_____53_____him,thenkeptme_____54_____thewholeday,andevendroppedmehomeaftertheschoolwasover.Itwasonthatdaythattheproverb“afriendinneedisafriendindeed”did_____55_____tome.41.A.anxious B.frightening C.confusing D.unexpected42.A.onearth B.atlast C.inshock D.inahurry43.A.attacked B.hit C.beat D.removed44.A.pain B.loss C.sadness D.trouble45.A.campus B.track C.access D.playground46.A.Although B.Despite C.Except D.Throughout47.A.decided B.hoped C.attempted D.quit48.A.imagine B.stand C.forgive D.forget49.A.laughing B.staring C.pointing D.shouting50.A.likely B.gracefully C.creatively D.extremely51.A.jumped B.faced C.advanced D.transported52.A.means B.opinions C.traditions D.proposals53.A.givewayto B.takecontrolof C.taketheplaceof D.watchover54.A.confidence B.pany C.impression D.responsibility55.A.makesense B.makeprogress C.makeup D.makeout【答案】41.D42.D43.B44.A45.D46.B47.C48.B49.A50.D51.C52.A53.C54.B55.A【解析】本文是記敘文。講述了作者一天在上學(xué)的路上意外地膝蓋受了重傷，到學(xué)校后在參加籃球比賽時(shí)又被撞倒了。這時(shí)隊(duì)友

Jack

幫助了他。Jack

的幫助讓作者相信“患難見(jiàn)真情”的真正意義。41考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：直到有一天我發(fā)生了一件意想不到的事情，我才知道這句諺語(yǔ)的意義。A.

anxious

焦慮的；B.

frightening

害怕的；C.

confusing

令人困惑的；D.unexpected

沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的。下文提到作者在上學(xué)的路上，意料之外地出了事故以及到學(xué)校后在參加籃球比賽時(shí)又被撞倒，所以意想不到的事情發(fā)生在他身上。故選

D

項(xiàng)。42考查介詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：那天早上，我起床晚了，匆匆忙忙沒(méi)吃早飯就去上學(xué)了。A.onearth到底；B.atlast最后；C.inshock吃驚地；D.inahurry匆忙地。根據(jù)上文“Igotuplate”可知，作者由于起床晚了，匆匆忙忙沒(méi)吃早飯就去上學(xué)了。故選

D項(xiàng)。43考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)橫穿馬路時(shí)，我的自行車撞到了一塊石頭上。A.

attacked

攻擊；B.

hit撞上，擊中；C.

beat擊敗

；D.

removed

拿走。根據(jù)下文“Ifellontheground”可知，因?yàn)樽孕熊囎采狭耸^，作者倒在地上，傷了膝蓋。故選

B項(xiàng)

。44考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我忍住疼痛，繼續(xù)騎車。A.

pain

痛苦；B.

loss

損失；C.

sadness

悲傷；D.

trouble

麻煩。根據(jù)上文“with

my

both

knees

badly

hurt”可知，作者的膝蓋傷得很重，應(yīng)該很疼。故選

A

項(xiàng)。45考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一到學(xué)校，老師就帶我們?nèi)ゲ賵?chǎng)打籃球比賽。A.

campus

校園；B.

track跑道；C.

access通道；D.playground

操場(chǎng)。按照常理，籃球比賽應(yīng)該是在操場(chǎng)上舉行。故選

D

項(xiàng)。46考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然我?guī)缀醪荒苷Ｗ呗?，但我參加了比賽。A.Although

雖然；B.

Despite盡管；即使；C.

Except除了；D.

Throughout

自始至終。根據(jù)上文“Icouldhardlywalknormally”可知，作者幾乎不能正常走路，后一句說(shuō)他“joinedinthegame(參加比賽)”，前后兩句之間是讓步的關(guān)系。根據(jù)空后的名詞“thefact”可知，此處應(yīng)用介詞。

despite

介詞，后接名詞，意為“雖然，盡管”，表示讓步關(guān)系。although連詞，引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“雖然，盡管”。故選

B項(xiàng)。47考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我試圖傳球時(shí)，我被撞倒了，仰面摔倒在地。A.

decided

決定；B.

hoped

希望；C.

attempted

企圖；嘗試；D.

quit

放棄。這里是指作者想要傳球給隊(duì)友的時(shí)候摔倒了。故選

C

項(xiàng)。48考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我受不了劇痛，哭了起來(lái)。

A.

imagine

想象；B.

stand

忍受；C.forgive原諒；D.

forget

忘記。根據(jù)上文“thebadpainandburstintotears”可知，因?yàn)樘郏髡唠y以忍受。故選

B

項(xiàng)。49考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我的同學(xué)都開(kāi)始嘲笑我，繼續(xù)他們的比賽。此處是考查介詞

at

相關(guān)的短語(yǔ)辨析。A.

laughing

at

嘲笑；B.

staring

at

盯著看；C.

pointing

at

指著；D.

shouting

at

沖……喊叫。根據(jù)下文“continuedtheirmatchwithoutme”可知，其他的同學(xué)開(kāi)始嘲笑作者仰躺在地，繼續(xù)他們的比賽。故選

A

項(xiàng)。50考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：獨(dú)自一人在操場(chǎng)上，我忍不住感到十分難過(guò)。A.likely可能的；B.gracefully優(yōu)雅地；C.creatively有創(chuàng)意地；D.extremely及其；非常。根據(jù)上文“Leftaloneontheplayground”可知，作者獨(dú)自一人在操場(chǎng)上，所以感到十分難過(guò)。故選

D項(xiàng)。51考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我的一個(gè)隊(duì)友

Jack

從操場(chǎng)另一頭朝我跑過(guò)來(lái)幫我。A.

jumped

跳；B.

faced

面對(duì)；C.advanced行進(jìn)；D.

transported

運(yùn)輸。根據(jù)上文“fromtheotherend”可知，

Jack

在操場(chǎng)另一頭，看到作者躺在地上起不來(lái)，他朝作者的方向行進(jìn)。故選

C

項(xiàng)。52考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他安慰我，想盡一切辦法讓我站起來(lái)。A.

means

方法；B.

opinions

主意；C.

traditions

傳統(tǒng)；D.

proposals

提議。根據(jù)上文可知，因?yàn)橄ドw傷得很重，比賽時(shí)又摔倒了，作者很疼，站起來(lái)有困難，

Jack

想方設(shè)法讓他站起來(lái)。故選

A

項(xiàng)。53考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：他讓另一個(gè)同學(xué)代替他，然后整天陪著我，甚至在放學(xué)后把我送回家。A.givewayto給……讓步；B.takecontrolof控制；C.taketheplaceof代替；D.watchover看守；監(jiān)視。根據(jù)下文“thenkeptme____54____thewholeday,andevendroppedmehomeaftertheschoolwasover.”可知，他讓另一個(gè)同學(xué)代替他，然后整天陪著作者。故選

C

項(xiàng)。54考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.confidence信心；B.pany陪伴；公司；C.impression印象；D.responsibility責(zé)任。根據(jù)下文“andevendroppedmehomeaftertheschoolwasover”可知，Jack

讓另一個(gè)同學(xué)代替他，然后整天陪著作者。keepsb.pany是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“陪伴某人”。故選

B項(xiàng)。55考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：就在那一天，“患難見(jiàn)真情”這句諺語(yǔ)對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)真的很有意義。A.makesense講得通；有意義；B.makeprogress取得進(jìn)步；C.makeup組成；編造；D.makeout辨認(rèn)出；理解。根據(jù)上文“Ireallydon’tknowthemeaningofthisproverbuntilonedaysomething____51____happenedtome.”可知，作者在那一天，意識(shí)到“患難見(jiàn)真情”這句諺語(yǔ)對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)真的很有意義。故選

A

項(xiàng)。七選五Asaspeakerof10languagesIknowthebenefitsofspeakingmorethanonelanguage.Actuallyitisnotabigchallengetolearnlanguages.Weonlyhavetochangethewaywelearnthem.___16___Languagelearningishard.Itisonlydifficulttolearnalanguageifyoudon’twantto.___17___Whatyoumostlyneedtodoisspendsometimelisteningandreading.Believeme,itisthatsimple.Ihavedoneitmanytimes.Soonyoufeelthesatisfactionofunderstandinganotherlanguage.Beforeyouknowityoustartspeaking.___18___No,youdon’t.Anyonewhowantsto,canlearn.InSwedenandHollandmostpeoplespeakmorethanonelanguage.Theycan’tjustallbegiftedatlanguages.ForeignathletesinNorthAmericausuallylearntospeakEnglishfasterthanpeopleinmoreformallearningenvironments.Inlanguagelearningitisattitudethatdeterminessuccess.Youhavetolivewherethelanguageisspoken.Someimmigrants(移民)toNorthAmericaneverlearntospeakmorethanbrokenEnglish.YetwemeetpeopleinothercountrieswhospeakperfectEnglish.In1968,IlearnedtospeakMandarinfluentlywhilelivinginHongKong,wherefewpeoplespokeit.___19___YoucandownloadittoyouriPodandlisten.Whereyouliveisnotaproblem.IwouldlovetolearnbutIdon’thavethetime.Howaboutthetimeyouspendwaitinginline,doingthingsaroundthehouse,goingforawalk?___20___Onceyougetstarted,even10or15minutesadaywillsoongrowto30minutesaday,oronehour.Ifyoubelieveyouwillachievegreatresults,andifyouenjoydoingit,asIdo,youwillfindthetime.Ibelieveifyoucanavoidthesetraps,wewillsurelybeemastersoflanguagelearning.A.Thefollowingaresometipsforyoutofollow.B.Youhavetohaveagiftforlearninglanguages.C.Learningalanguagetakestime,butisnotdifficultD.WeneedtoavoidsomemonmisunderstandingsE.Languagescanonlybelearnedinsteadofbeingtaught.F.WhynotusethattimetolistentoalanguageonyouriPod?G.WiththeInternet,languagecontentisavailabletoanyonewithaputer.【答案】16.D17.C18.B19.G20.F【解析】本文是說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的4種誤解。16根據(jù)下文各段小標(biāo)題“Languagelearningishard.”（學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言很難。），“Youhavetolivewherethelanguageisspoken.”（你必須要到說(shuō)英語(yǔ)的地方生活。）和“IwouldlovetolearnbutIdon’thavethetime.”（我想學(xué)，但是我沒(méi)有時(shí)間。）可知，接下來(lái)要介紹的是對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的一些誤解。D選項(xiàng)“我們需要避免一些常見(jiàn)的誤解?！背猩蠁⑾?，引出下文內(nèi)容。故選D。17根據(jù)上文“Itisonlydifficulttolearnalanguageifyoudon’twantto.”（如果你不想學(xué)，那么學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言就是很難的。）可知，作者想說(shuō)的是學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言實(shí)際上不難。C選項(xiàng)“學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言需要花時(shí)間，但是不難。”和上文意思一致。故選C。18根據(jù)下文“Anyonewhowantsto,canlearn.InSwedenandHollandmostpeoplespeakmorethanonelanguage.Theycan’tjustallbegiftedatlanguages.”（任何想學(xué)的人都可以學(xué)習(xí)。在瑞典和荷蘭，大多數(shù)人會(huì)說(shuō)不止一種語(yǔ)言。他們不可能都有語(yǔ)言天賦。）可知，這一段作者是解釋學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言和天賦的關(guān)系，語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)與天賦無(wú)關(guān)。B選項(xiàng)“你必須是在學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言上很有天賦”是對(duì)語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的一種誤解。故選B。19根據(jù)下文“YoucandownloadittoyouriPodandlisten.”（你可以把它到你的播放器上去聽(tīng)。）可知，這里提到代詞it，所以上文要說(shuō)明it是指什么。G選項(xiàng)“有了網(wǎng)絡(luò)，電腦里的語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容對(duì)任何人都是可以用的。”提到了it的指代對(duì)象“語(yǔ)言內(nèi)容”，和下文意思一致。故選G。20根據(jù)上文“Howaboutthetimeyouspendwaitinginline,doingthingsaroundthehouse,goingforawalk?”（你等車的時(shí)間，在房子里做事的時(shí)候，散步的時(shí)候怎么樣？）可知，作者是在指出這些時(shí)間是可以用來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言的。F選項(xiàng)“為什么不用這個(gè)時(shí)間用你的播放器來(lái)聽(tīng)語(yǔ)言呢？”和上文意思一致。故選F。七選五：閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Ifyoumissoneoftheoldfriendsyou’velosttouchwithandthinkaboutreachingouttothem,youmayworryaboutwhetherit’llbejustlikeoldtimes,orunfortableandawkward.Herearesomewaystohelpyouavoidanyawkwardnesswhilereconnectingwithanoldfriend.Reachoutthroughsocialmedia.Connectwiththemthroughsocialmedia,textmessageorothermeansifyou’retoonervoustomakeaphonecallortobeginameetup.Followupononeoftheirmostrecentposts.____16____Showsomelove.Ifyou’rereallyhappytoconnectwithyouroldfriend,makeitapointtomunicatethattothem.____17____Sincerewarmthcanhelplessensomeoftheawkwardnessthatmaybuildupinarelationship.____18____Startconversationbybringingupafuntimeyoushared.Itwilltransportyoubothbacktothatmomentwhenyouwerecloseandhelpsmoothoverthe“Whatareyouuptonow?”conversationsthatsoundtoorigid(死板).Displayyourinterest.Asyouchatwithyourfriend,trytopayattentionandaskfollowupquestions.____19____Empathizing(共鳴)withthemcanhelpyouconnectwiththemandgettoknowwhotheyaretoday.Movepastconflicts.Don’ttalkalotaboutyourconflictsorthereasonswhyyourfriendshipbecamelessclose.Ifithappenstoeupnaturallydowntheline,thenfeelfreetoaddressanypossiblehurtfeelings.____20____Inthebeginning,justfocusonwhatyouhadinmonandthegoodtimesyousharedtogether.A.Bringbackahappymemory.B.Makedetailedplansforthefuture.C.Butbetteravoidtakingtherisktoosoon.D.Updateyourfri