2024-2025學年浙江省杭州市拱墅區(qū)杭十一中高二上學期期末考英語試卷

一、閱讀理解(★★★)Weallknowyourstudentloanwillonlygosofar.Sowhatcanyoudotosavethosepennies(便士)andeventuallyaprettysubstantialamountinthelongrun?HereissomeadvicefromL&SEditorMarianneLampon.FOOD—Buythesupermarket’sOwnBrandproducts:Whenitcomestoitemssuchascheese,milk,andmore,theOwnBrandproductscanbeboughtmuchcheaperbutwithoutloweringthequality.—Coupons(優(yōu)惠券),coupons,coupons:It’sreallyworthhittingtheInternetforsomeextracoupons,especiallyformealsoutwithabiggroup.KeepaneyeonrestaurantsthatofferacheaperSetMenuorthatdo2for1dealsonmaincourses.STUDENT-ONLYOFFERS—Fresher’sFair:Sayhellotofreepens,bottleopenersandabunchofthingsyouneverknewyouneeded.Freshersgetinvolved!—Studentdiscountinstoresandonline:ShowingyourUniversityIDcardwillsaveyouatleast10%withalotofonlineorofflinebusinesses.Asaresult,you’llfeelslightlylessguiltyaboutbuyingthosenewpairofNike’s.FASHIONTheshiftfromsummertoautumncanbeasadtime,butitneedn’thurtyourwallet!—Accessories(配飾):Basically,wearyoursummerclotheswithwarmandcomfortableaccessories.Howaboutthoseshorts?Justteamthemwithapairoftightsandyou’regoodtogo.—Charityshops:Theperfectwaytostayon-trendandatasuperaffordableprice.Sothereitis!Stickingtosomeoftheseideaswillreallyhelpsavesomemoneyinthelongrun,provingalittlereallydoesgoalongway.1.Whatcanyoudotosavemoneywheneatingoutwithclassmates?

A．OrderOwnBrandproducts.B．Useonlinecoupons.C．SearchfortheSetMenu.D．Choosestudent-onlyrestaurants.2.Wherecanyougetfreepens?

A．Thesupermarket.B．Fresher’sFair.C．Onlinestores.D．Charityshops.3.Whatisprobablythemajorconcernofthetargetedreaders?

A．Taste.B．Security.C．Fashion.D．Price.(★★★)TracyGarrettwastheMrFix-itofavillagewhereIlivedfortwoyears.Iheardaboutmysteriousdoingsofhislatewife,Minnie.Therewerestoriesofsomeonewhohadgotintotroubleaproperamountofmoneywouldcure,andeachendedonthesamestrangenote:“Minnieisinhockagain.”Itriedtotalkwithlocalstosolvethemystery.Butatanewcomer’sspyingcuriosity,thevillagersalwaysavoidedtheissuewithNewEnglandreservation.Itleftmecompletelyinthedark.SoonIbeganhavingtroublesofmyown.Mydaughterhadanexpensiveoperation,butthemoneyIhadcountedondidn’tcomein.OnedayGarrettcametofixmysink,whichneverworkedproperly.Workingsilentlyforawhile,helookedatmeandsaid,“Understandyou’vebeenhavingalittletrouble.”Iwasfeelingbitter,butstilltalkeditout.“Thenit’stimeyoumetMinnie,”hesaiddecisively.Ifeltabitscaredandwaspreparedforanything,butallthathappenedwasthathetookoutatired-looking$1000bank-note.Roughlyprintedonitwas:MINNIE.“AllyoudoistakeMinnietothebankandputherupforloanforanyamountupto$1000.Youpaythebanktheirregularrateofinterest,andthenMinniecomesbacktome.”Hecontinued.“Minnielovedthisvillage,andshewantedtokeeponhelpingpeopleaftershewasgone.”Ibegantounderstandwhythetownfolkhadbeensosecretive.Theydidn’tknowwhetherIcouldbetrustedwithasecretsoprecious.ThoughImovedawaylater,IwouldliketobelieveMinnieisstillincirculation(流通).Minniestrikesmeasthekindofwomanwhogoesonforever.4.WhowasTracyGarrett?

A．Abanker.B．Adoctor.C．Arepairman.D．Agardener.5.WhatisPara.2mainlyabout?

A．LittlewasreservedforMinnie.B．“I”failedtouncoverthemystery.C．Thelocalswerecuriousaboutnewcomers.D．Minniewastalkedaboutalotinthevillage.6.Howdid“I”getoutofthetrouble?

A．HetookMinnietothebank.B．HeturnedtoGarrettforhelp.C．HeborrowedmoneyfromMinnie.D．HeloanedonMinnie’sguarantee.7.Whichofthefollowingbestconveysthemessage?

A．Kindnessisthekeythatunlockstheheart.B．Hewhoplantskindnessgatherslove.C．Alittlekindnessgoesalongway.D．Itisingivingthatwereceive.(★★★)Whetherwearesittingdownorstandingup,stillormoving,bodypostureinfluencesourmood.Severalstudieshaveshownthislinkbetweenphysicalpostureandmood.Othershaveshownarelationshipbetweenourmoodandourcognitive(認知的)performance,includingmemory,reasoning,learning,andthespeedofreactionandprocessingofinformation.Soalogicalquestionarises.Canbodypostureinfluenceourcognitiveperformance?Previously,aNewZealandteam(UniversityofAuckland)carriedoutanexperimentonposturewhenwewalk,especiallyinthestreet.Theteamhadfoundaveryclearinfluenceofourpostureonourmoodandconfidence.Itappearsthatwalkingwithahunchedback,bowedheadandmotionlessarmshaveanegativeinfluenceonourmentalstate.Indeed,theresearchersfoundthatthesimpleactofstraighteningup,standingupstraight,withyourheadheldhigh,andgazingforwardgivesusaseriousboostofconfidence.Notonlydoesourspontaneousposturehaveapsychologicaleffect,butbycorrectingit,itispossibletobringaboutimprovementinthelongterm.Inthisotherstudy,thistimecarriedoutbyanAustrianteam(FriedrichAlexanderUniversityinErlangen-Nuremberg),researchersobservedthesamephenomenon,thistimeinasittingposition.Youngadultswereinvitedtoparticipateintestspresentedasintendedtoassesstheirabilitytoconcentrate.Infact,theresearchershadthemsitindifferentpostures—fromuprighttoveryslumped(消沉)—inordertonotetheirinfluencesonmoodandcognition.Afirstobservationindicatesthat“sittingupright”isassociatedwithabetteroverallmood.Itisalsofoundtohaveapositiveinfluenceonthespeedofprocessinginformationandcompletingtasks,althoughthetestpassratedoesnotvarysignificantlywithposture.Finally,andsurprisinglyenough,bloodpressureisalittlemorefavorableinanuprightposition.Tofurthercompletethelistofbenefitsofsittingupright,wewilladdthatitiswidelyrecommendedforprotectingthebackincaseofworkthatrequiressittingforalongtime.8.Whydoesthewritermentionthestudiesatthebeginning?

A．Tointroducewhatcognitiveperformanceis.B．Toemphasizetheimportanceofbodyposture.C．Toprovetheresultsofthosestudiesarewrong.D．Toraiseanewquestiontobestudiedandsolved.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“hunched”meaninParagraph3?

A．Straightened.B．Bent.C．Loose.D．Solid.10.Whatdoesthefirststudyindicate?

A．Postureinfluencesourmentalstate.B．Straighteninguphasanegativeeffect.C．Gazingupwardbuildsupconfidence.D．Walkingpostureisespeciallyimportant.11.Whatcanwelearnaboutsittingupright?

A．Ithasmentalandphysicalbenefits.B．Ithelpsimprovethetestpassrate.C．Itrequiressittingforalongtime.D．Itincreasesthebloodpressure.(★★★)Inordertostayaheadofindustryrivals,Microsoft-backedOpenAIhasrolledoutitslatestinnovation—anAImodelcapableofgeneratingminute-longvideosbasedontextprompts(提示).Themodel,named“Sora”aftertheJapanesewordfor“sky”,iscurrentlyavailableforredteaming.Redteamingisapracticeinwhichateamofexperts,knownastheredteam,imitatesreal-worldusetoidentifyweaknessesintheAIsystem.“Soraisabletogeneratecomplexsceneswithmultiplecharacters,specifictypesofmotionandaccuratedetailsofthesubjectandbackground,”O(jiān)penAIsaid,addingthatitcancreatemultipleshotswithinasinglevideo.Inadditiontogeneratingvideosfromtextprompts,Soracanalsoanimateastillimage.ThevideogenerationmodelfollowsOpenAI’sChatGPTchatbot,whichwasreleasedinlate2022andcreatedahitaroundgenerativeAIwithitsabilitytocomposeemails,andwritecodesandpoems.Soraisstillaworkinprogress,withthecompanyacknowledgingthatthemodelmaysometimesstrugglewithspatialdetailsinapromptandencounterdifficultiesinfollowingaspecificcameratrajector(相機軌跡).Thenewtoolisnotyetpubliclyavailable,andOpenAIhasdisclosedlimitedinformationaboutitsdevelopmentprocess.Thecompany,whichhasfacedlawsuits(訴訟)fromsomeauthorsandTheNewYorkTimesoveritsuseofcopyrightedworkstotrainChatGPT,hasnotrevealedtheimageryandvideosourcesusedtotrainSora.OpenAImentionedinablogpostthatitisconsultingwithartists,policymakersandotherstakeholdersbeforereleasingthenewtooltothepublic.ThecompanyalsosaidthatitisdevelopingtoolstodeterminewhetheravideowasgeneratedbySora.Someothercompanieshavetheirowntext-to-videoAIgenerators.GoogleistestingonecalledLumiere,MetahasamodelcalledEmu,andAIstart-upRunwayhasalreadybeenbuildingproductstohelpfilmmakerscreatevideos.ButAIexpertsandanalystssaidthelengthandqualityoftheSoravideoswentbeyondwhathasbeenseenuptonow.12.WhatcanSoradoaccordingtothetext?

A．Generatecomplexvideoscenes.B．IdentifyJapanesewordscorrectly.C．Trackcameratrajectoryaccurately.D．Createstillimagesfromtextprompts.13.Whichofthefollowingmostcloselyrelatesto“redteaming”inPara2?

A．Publicrelations.B．Marketresearch.C．Strategicplanning.D．Qualitycontrol.14.WhyisOpenAIconsultingwithartists,policymakersandothersbeforereleasingSora?

A．TomakeSoramorepopular.B．Toavoidpossiblelegalissues.C．Toshowoffitslatesttechnology.D．Toaskforsomefinancialsupport.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．ChatGPTChatbot:AHitin2022B．OpenAI’sNewestInnovation:SoraC．TheFutureofAI:VideoGenerationD．Text-to-VideoAIGenerators:GameOn(★★★)HowStarWarsChangedMovie-makingForever“Maytheforcebewithyou!”IfyouareaStarWarsfan,thenyouhaveprobablyheardthisphrasemanytimes.16Somanycharacters,devices,andphrasesfromthemoviehavebecomewell-known.Butyoumightbesurprisedtofindouthowmuchthismoviehaschangedhowmoviesaremade.“Alongtimeagoinagalaxyfar,faraway...”ishowStarWarsbegins.Itsplotwasnotground-breaking.17Thestorywastypicalsciencefictionwithlotsofdrama,traditionalcharactersandgoodbattlingevil,inspaceandinhand-to-handfight.ItwasthespecialeffectsthatmadeStarWarsstandoutfromothermovies.Peoplestilltalkaboutthelightswordsthatcouldcut，burnandmeltthroughmostsubstances.Spaceshipsspedthroughspaceandlandedonhuge,realistic-lookingspacestations.18WhenStarWarsfirstcameoutin1977,mostmovietheaterswerestand-alonebuildings,withjustonemoviescreen.UsingthemoneyStarWarshadmadeforthem，movie-theaterownersbuiltmoretheaters,leadingtothemultiplexes(多影廳影院)thatarecommontoday.Theatersneededmoremoviestoshowonalltheadditionalmoviescreensandinallthenewmultiplexes.Sonewmoviecompaniessprangup,includingsmallonescreatingexperimentalmovies.19Someofthemethodsbecamepopularandothersfailed.But,thankstoStarWars,peoplegottoseenewtypesofmovies.20Therehadbeenmoviecontinuationspreviously,buttheywereoftenjustpoorimitationsofthefirstmovie.TheStarWarsmovieswereallpopular.Therehavebeentwotrilogies(三部曲)sofar，withmoreplanned.

A．Theytriedoutnewtechniques.B．Infact,itwasquiteold-fashioned.C．Moviegoershadneverseenanythinglikeit.D．Thus,audiencebegantoenjoysciencefictionmoviesthere.E．StarWarswasthefirstreallysuccessfulmovietrilogyinhistory.F．Ifyouarenotafan,youarestilllikelyfamiliarwiththesewords.G．Ifyouareamoviemaker,youmaybeinspiredbythisclassicfilm.二、完形填空(★★★)Myparents,siblingsandItookourfirstcampingtriptotheLakeHoustonWildernessParkrecently.Wehadfinishedputtingupthe_________whenitsuddenlystartedtorain.Luckily,wehad_________ourtentonahighflatgroundwherewatercouldnotpourin.Momgotsomesnacksanddrinksreadyforuswhileweplayedgamesand_________aboutourdailylife,whichmadewet-weathercampingfun.How_________itwascampingunderthesoundoftherain!Weweregatheredaroundinthecenterof_________anditwasanicefeeling.Evenwiththerain,Ihadneverbeenso_________.Theraindieddownbeforedarkandtheskyturnedclear.Soon,Mom_________abigmealoverthefireforthefamily.Isensedthatahotmealandgood_________wouldwarmusrightup.Whileweatetogether,Dad_________atthestarsandtoldusabouthischildhood.Aswelaughedand__________onourdays,thestarsshonelikediamondsatnight.Thefollowingday,wehadagoodtime__________therockytrailsaroundourcampsite.__________hikingintheforest,wehadalovelylateafternoonboating.Itwasamazingtoseethe__________changingraysofthesunsetbehindthepinetrees.Thateveningwepackedupour__________andheadedhome.Iamverygratefulforthiscampingtrip,whichhasleftusunforgettable__________.21.A．roofB．shelfC．fenceD．tent22.A．positionedB．a(chǎn)ttachedC．a(chǎn)pproachedD．checked23.A．feltB．chattedC．a(chǎn)rguedD．complained24.A．strangeB．powerfulC．uniqueD．beneficial25.A．cultureB．societyC．natureD．space26.A．happyB．luckyC．curiousD．confident27.A．desiredB．preparedC．orderedD．delivered28.A．impressionB．a(chǎn)dventureC．showD．conversation29.A．yelledB．pointedC．laughedD．wondered30.A．setoutB．wentbackC．caughtupD．lookeddown31.A．pavingB．cleaningC．exploringD．searching32.A．DuetoB．ApartfromC．InsteadofD．Asfor33.A．dramaticallyB．casuallyC．regularlyD．completely34.A．goodsB．toolsC．harvestsD．belongings35.A．encountersB．coincidencesC．discoveriesD．memories三、語法填空(★★★)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。TheancientChinesebuilttwogreatengineeringwonders:theGreatWallandtheGrandCanal(運河).TheGreatWall’sfunctioninmilitarydefense36(fade)overtime,buttheGrandCanalremainsanimportantmeansofculturalcommunication.TheGrandCanal,37(consist)ofthreesections,runsmorethan2,000kilometersfromnorthtosouthacrossChina.Itisabout16times38sizeoftheSuezCanalinEgyptand33timeslongerthanthePanamaCanal.Inancienttimes,theGrandCanalserved39themainrouteforgraintransportandeverykindofeconomicandculturalexchange.Italso40(significant)shortenedthetimeconsumingjourneysoflaborersandmaterialsfortheconstructionoftheForbiddenCityinBeijing.Now,ithasinspiredthenameofChenchen,oneofthethreemascotsoftheHangzhouAsianGames.Chenchen,41(name)aftertheGongchenBridge,42crossestheHangzhousectionoftheGrandCanal,iscoloredbluetorepresentscienceandtechnology.TheHangzhousectionstretchesatotal43(long)of39kilometersandishometo11ofthecanal’stotal58historicsites.Visitorscantakeaboattripontheancientwaterwaytoenjoythe44(drama)landscapeofJiangnanwatertown.Besides,threeneighboringplacesalongtheCanal—DadouRoadHistoricDistrict,XiaohezhiStreet,andQiaoxiHistoricStreet45(recommend)forafreewalk.四、書信寫作(★★)46.假設你是李華，你的朋友Steve正在考慮是否要來中國留學，寫信詢問你的建議，請你給他回信。內(nèi)容包括：1.提出你的建議；2.給出合適的理由(分析出國留學的利或弊)，至少3點；3.表達期待(盡量使用所學課本詞組、連詞和各種復合結(jié)構(gòu))。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80字左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.開頭和結(jié)尾已給出。DearSteve,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours.LiHua五、書面表達(★★★)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Bobbywasgettingcoldsittingoutinhisbackyardinthesnow.Bobbydidn'twearboots,orrather,hedidn'townany.Thethinsneakersheworehadafewholesinthemandtheydidapoorjobofkeepingoutthecold.Bobbyhadbeeninhisbackyardforaboutanhouralready.Tryashemight,hecouldnotcomeupwithanideaforhismother'sChristmasgift.Heshookhisheadashethought,“Thisisuseless.EvenifIdocomeupwithanidea,Idon'thaveanymoneyforagift.”Wipingtearsfromhiseyes,Bobbystartedwalkingdowntothestreetwheretheshopswere.Itwasn'teasybeingsixwithoutafather,particularlywhenheneededamantotalkto.Bobbywalkedfromshoptoshop,lookingintoeachdecoratedwindow.Everythingseemedsobeautifulbutsooutofreach.ItwasstartingtogetdarkandBobbyreluctantlyturnedtowalkhomewhensuddenlyhiseyescaughttheglimmer(微光)ofthesettingsun'sraysreflectingonsomethingontheroadside.Hereacheddownanddiscoveredashinydime(一角硬幣).NeverbeforehadBobbyfeltaswealthyashedidatthatmoment.Asheheldh